蟻群演算法於具非等效平行機台考量之排程問題研究 陳明俊、駱景堯
E-mail: [email protected]
摘 要
製造工廠中,由於機器設備不同或者機器設備的老舊,造成同一種產品的處理時間在不同機器上的生產速率不一致,因此 排程的決策者必須考量如何有效的將工作指派給機台加工,以減低各工作在機台上的加工時間,並提昇產出率。此類型的 排程問題即所謂的非等效平行機台排程問題。 由於各個工作在同一台機器上的整備時間通常會因為前一個工作的不同而造 成整備時間的不一致,因此本研究在將相依整備時間納入研究,在總流程時間最小化之目標下,建構以蟻群演算法為主架 構的兩種啟發式演算法,並將其與模擬退火法與禁忌搜尋法比較。研究結果顯示,架構二在適合的參數組合下,具有不錯 的求解效能。
關鍵詞 : 非等效平行機台 ; 相依整備時間 ; 總流程時間 ; 蟻群演算法 ; 模擬退火法 ; 禁忌搜尋法 目錄
授權書 iii 中文摘要 iv Abstract v 誌謝 vi 目錄 vii 圖目錄 x 表目錄 xi 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機與背景 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 問題描述與假設 2 1.4 研究方法 3 第二章 文獻探討 5 2.1 平行機台排程問題 5 2.2 考量相依整備時間之排程問題 7 2.3 模擬退 火法與禁忌搜尋法 7 2.4 蟻群演算法 9 2.4.1 蟻群演算法在TSP問題上的應用 10 2.4.2 蟻群演算法在其他問題上的應用 14 第 三章 蟻群演算法之建構 16 3.1 編碼方式 16 3.2 記憶陣列 18 3.3 符號說明 18 3.4 蟻群演算法架構 20 3.4.1 架構一演算步驟 20 3.4.2 架構二演算步驟 24 3.5 移步方式 28 3.6 範例說明 29 3.6.1 架構一範例說明 31 3.6.2 架構二範例說明 36 第四章 演算結 果與分析 42 4.1 測試例題之產生與參數設定 42 4.2 架構一與架構二比較 43 4.3 參數分析 45 4.3.1 不分問題規模下分析 45 4.3.2 各種問題規模下分析 47 4.4 與其他演算法比較 53 第五章 結論與建議 56 5.1 結論 56 5.2 建議 57 參考文獻 58 附錄一 62 附錄二 64 附錄三 65 附錄四 66 附錄五 67 附錄六 74
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