車路整合技術與發展應用

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車路整合技術與發展應用

工業技術研究院 資訊與通訊研究所 車載資通訊與控制系統組

蔣村杰 ([email protected])

2015/11/23 「智慧化趨勢下物流及交通產業發展契機」研討會

大綱

• 車路整合核心技術 –WAVE/DSRC

• 歐美車路整合技術最新發展趨勢

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• 我國車路整合應用發展案例

– 工研院車路整合技術發展現況 – 我國車路整合場域推動

• 結語

車路整合核心技術 –WAVE/DSRC

*WAVE/DSRC: Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments/ Dedicated Short Range Communications

GPS, GNSS

Smart Phone, PAD, NB

Navigator

Person Roadside Unit / Traffic Light

Control Center Base Station / Access Point

現有ITS應用服務架構

GPS, GNSS

Smart Phone, PAD, NB

Navigator

Person Roadside Unit / Traffic Light

Control Center Base Station / Access Point

V2V

V2P

V2R / V2I

R2P

WAVE/DSRC

WAVE/DSRC 定位

Connected Vehicles

Source: USDOT, ITS World Congress 2015

• Connected vehicles are the future of transportation:

– Save lives by significantly reducing traffic accidents

– Make travel easier, more efficient, and more enjoyable

– Help curb pollution

– Include all modes of transportation

as well as pedestrians

Safety Benefits of Connected Vehicles

Source: USDOT, ITS World Congress 2015

• NHTSA studied the safety benefits of two V2V applications:

Intersection Movement Assist (IMA) and Left Turn Assist (LTA) :

NHTSA estimates that IMA and LTA would potentially prevent up to

592,000 crashes and save up to 1,083 lives annually

WAVE/DSRC –Most Suitable Wireless Communication for Vehicular Safety

• 主動式安全(active safety)之 實現為下世代車載資通訊技 術終極目標

• WAVE/DSRC是目前唯一 滿足主動式安全低延遲需 求之技術

• WAVE/DSRC核心標準

– IEEE 802.11p – IEEE 1609 – ETSI TC-ITS

Source: Vehicle Safety Communications Project – Final Report

La te nc y (in s ec on ds )

WiFi 802.11 (3 - 5 secs)

Terrestrial Digital Radio &

Satellite Digital Audio Radio (10 - 20 secs)

WiMax

(1.5 - 3.5 secs)

Bluetooth (3 - 4 secs)

Two-Way Satellite (60+ secs)

5.9 GHz WAVE/DSRC (.002 secs)

Cellular

(1.5 - 3.5 secs) 0.010.02

1.0 2.0

3.0 4.0

5.0 10 20 4060

主動式安全時間延遲需求

歐美車路整合技術最新發展趨勢

美國立法決定及交通部建置計畫

U.S. DOT Secretary Anthony Foxx announced that will begin taking steps to enable V2V communication technology for light vehicles

GM CEO Mary Barra announced the 2017 Cadillac CTS will be enabled with vehicle- to-vehicle (V2V) technology

Source: http://www.its.dot.gov/press/2014/v2v_lightvehicles.htm

Source: http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/02/03/us-autos-technology-rules- idUSBREA1218M20140203

Source: http://inr.synapticdigital.com/gm/ITS/

美國車路整合技術最新發展趨勢

US Mandatory for Automotive Industry

• 2014年2月3日美國交通部宣布正式啟動立法程序，並於8月18日 發布ANPRM法規制定預告，屆時將強制小型車輛安裝V2V通訊 設備與系統

– GM汽車2014年9月7日於底特律舉行的2014 ITS年會開幕典禮上，宣布2017年生產 的「Cadillac CTS」系列將具備V2V通訊技術

• 2015年5月美國交通部宣布加速connected vehicles布建，而 NHTSA 將加快V2V立法時程

– 2015年9月FHWA出版V2I布建指引文件

• 美國Connected Vehicle Pilot Deployment計畫

– 增進Safety, Mobility, Environment, Public Agency Efficiency 之大規模整合型場域建置

• 提供駕駛、乘客、行人，以及道路

施工人員之安全應用服務

• 移動具備可預測性、可靠性，與

迅速性

• 提供個人(含行動不便者)在不同 交通工具間(步行、騎車、開車、

搭乘火車與公車等)獲取安全服務

• 增進事故處理之系統管理能力

Source: http://www.its.dot.gov/pilots/

美國車路整合技術最新發展趨勢

US Mandatory for Automotive Industry (cont.)

• 美國Connected Vehicle Pilot Deployment計畫

– 美國交通部於2015/9/14宣布CVPD WAVE1計畫獲補助城市，包括 New York City、Tampa，以及Wyoming，補助金額共計4千2百萬 美元

• New York：將於市府所屬之1萬輛車安裝 V2V技術，包括小型車、 公車、豪華轎車 等，運行於Midtown與Manhattan間，同時 搭配V2I技術升級交通號誌系統，並布建路 側設備

• Tampa：運用connected vehicle技術解決 市中心尖峰時刻之壅塞問題，並保障行人 安全

• Wyoming：運用V2V與V2I技術，取得I-80 東西向公路之交通流量，並將資訊散播予 未安裝此技術之車輛

Source: http://www.its.dot.gov/press/2015/ngv_tech_announcement.htm

美國車路整合技術最新發展趨勢

US Mandatory for Automotive Industry (cont.)

美國車路整合技術標準與互通性測試

• WAVE/DSRC protocol stack

Physical Data Link Network Transport

Application Presentation Session

WAVE PHY WAVE PHY PLME

WAVE MAC WAVE MAC MLME

MLME

Extension Multi-channel Operation LLC

LLC WSMP WME WSMP

IPv6 IPv6 UDP/TCP UDP/TCP Applications

Applications

WAVE Security Services WAVE Security Services

OSI Reference Model

1609.2

1609.4

802.11p 1609.3

1609.6 1609.11 1609.12

Management Plane Data Plane

Architectural Guidance: 1609.0

美國車路整合技術標準 ^–WAVE/DSRC

• Research Qualified Product List (rQPL) since 2012

– Allow to supply equipment for the connected vehicle Safety Pilot Model Deployment and other Test Bed Installations

• 2012: ITRI’s RSE passed all tests (194 tests)

• 2013: ITRI’s VAD/ASD passed 91.5% Tests (217 tests)

• PlugFest June 2014, Palo Alto

– USDOT goals to transition connected vehicle technology research toward full deployment – Devices are tested for interoperability with

emerging standards

– ITRI passed SPaT/MAP, CSW, IPv6 Gateway, VSD (Vehicle Situation Data) Messages

In-lab & outdoor tests for rQPL

美國車路整合技術標準 –WAVE/DSRC

標準互通性測試活動

歐盟標準第一版發行及歐盟建置計畫

* CEN (the European Committee for Standardization)

Source: https://twitter.com/ETSI_STANDARDS/status/433564290310627328

歐盟車路整合技術最新發展趨勢

• CEN與ETSI於2014年2月ETSI ITS Workshop宣布Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) 第一版標準正式發布

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–

–

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cases，包括platooning與vulnerable road users等

• Cooperative ITS Corridor Joint deployment

– More safety, less accidents, improved use of the road

network, less congestion and a decrease in CO2 emissions – Cooperative ITS services are first planned for use in

Rotterdam –Frankfurt/M. –Vienna:

• Roadworks Warning (RWW): from the traffic control center via the roadside infrastructure to the drivers

• Probe Vehicle Data (PVD): vehicles transmit data about the current situation on the road to the roadside infrastructure and the traffic control centers

Communication from the vehicle and infrastructure is established via short range communication (Wifi 802.11p, 5.9GHz) or the cellular network (3G, 4G)

Source:

https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/EN/Anlagen/VerkehrUndMobilitaet/Strasse/co operative-its-corridor.pdf?__blob=publicationFile

歐盟車路整合技術最新發展趨勢(cont.)

• Compass4D: deployment of 3 C-ITS services in 7 European cities (CIP project funded by EC)

– Bordeaux, Copenhagen, Helmond, Newcastle, Thessaloniki, Verona, Vigo

– Deploying C-ITS services for road users to increase road safety and energy efficiency

• Red Light Violation Warning (RLVW)

• Road Hazard Warning (RHW)

• Energy Efficient Intersection (EEI)

– Dedicated short range

communication (ETSI G5) and cellular networks (3G/LTE) will be used, following ETSI TC-ITS

standards

Source: http://www.compass4d.eu/

歐盟車路整合技術最新發展趨勢(cont.)

歐盟車路整合技術標準與互通性測試

• ETSI TC-ITS WG

ETSI TC-ITS Chairman Vice-Chairman

TC-ITS Niels Peter Skov Andersen

(Anemone Technology, DK)

Marco Annoni (Telecom Italia, IT)

WG1: Application & Facilities Layer

Lan Lin

(Hitachi Europe Ltd.,FR)

Paul Spaanderman (TNO, NL)

WG2: Management Layer Knut Evensen (Q-Free ASA, NO)

Han-Joachim Fischer (ESF GmbH, DE)

WG3: Network & Transport Layer Andreas Festag

(NEC Europe Ltd, DE)

Thierry Ernst (INRIA, FR) Paul Spaanderman (TNO, NL)

WG4: Access Layer Hans Johansson

(Kapsch TrafficCom AB, SE)

Katrin Sjoeberg

(Volvo Technology Corporation, SE)

WG5: Security Layer Brigitte Lonc

(Renault SAS, FR)

Huei-Ru Tseng (ITRI, TW)

歐盟車路整合技術標準 –ETSI TC-ITS

• ITRI passed all mandatory tests

歐盟車路整合技術標準 –ETSI TC-ITS 標準互通性測試活動

Event Date & Location Companies Test Scopes

1^st Plugtests Nov. 11-18, 2011 Helmond, Netherlands

(Hosted by TNO)

• GN, CAM, DENM

2^nd Plugtests Jun. 11-15, 2012 Versailles, France (Hosted by IFSTTAR)

• GN, BTP, CAM, DENM,

3^rd Plugtests Nov. 25-29, 2013

Essen, Germany (Hosted by Cetecom)

• GN, BTP, CAM, DENM, GN Security

4^th Plugtests Mar. 17-27, 2015 Helmond, Netherlands

(Hosted by TASS)

• GN, BTP, CAM, DENM, GN Security

• 在經濟部技術處科專計畫 –「智慧車載資通訊技術暨服務發展計畫」支 持下，此活動由工研院主辦，於2015/3/26-2015/3/27在荷蘭Helmond Automotive Campus舉辦

• 2015 歐洲車載標準互通性測試活動Plugtests與Workshop接續舉行，

在會議籌備與安排上，頗獲好評，且此次Workshop創歷年來

Workshop報名人數最高紀錄，達195人次，充分展現台灣在國際間ITS 領域的影響力

The 7th ETSI TC ITS Workshop

Workshop at Helmond Automotive Campus in 2015

歐美車路整合技術標準調和 ^–EU-US-JP

Standards Harmonization

Source: 2015 ETSI ITS Workshop

我國車路整合應用發展案例

WAVE/DSRC Communication Unit (IWCU) WAVE/DSRC V&V and Trial Technology R&D

工研院車路整合技術發展現況

經濟部技術處科專關鍵計畫成果 –「智慧車載資通訊技術暨服務發展計畫」

Protocol Conformance Test Platform Telematics Device Validation Tool

With Taiwan’s Ministry of Economic Affairs’ support, ITRI is one of the few organizations in the world having complete V2X solutions, with up-to-date and robust IEEE 802.11p/ 1609 and ETSI TC-ITS compliant 5.9GHz DSRC devices and systems, and with experiences in product interoperability testing in US and Europe

RSU WAVE/DSRC

RSU

OBU

A demand in the use of transit signal priority to increase transit ridership and reduce traffic congestion

Use of the WAVE/DSRC communication technology to control traffic signals to improve travel times at intersections Design real-time control logics dedicated to bus priority that manages green signal extensions and early green recalls Compatible with current traffic signal controller

ITRI OBU Deployment on the Transit Bus

ITRI RSU Deployment in Chupei , Hsinchu, Taiwan

Traffic Signal Controller IWCU RSE

WAVE / DSRC

3 G / 3 . 5 G

· RSE Management Platform for data analysis

IWCU RSE

IWCU OBE 1

2

3

One- way Vehicle-to-Roadside transmission

OBE Trigger distance = 100 m

4

WAVE/DSRC-based 號誌優先系統

經濟部技術處科專關鍵計畫成果 –「智慧車載資通訊技術暨服務發展計畫」

OBU RSU

System Operation on Freeway No.3, Taiwan

Collaborated with National Freeway Bureau (MOTC, Taiwan) and Taiwan large logistics companies including the HCT Logistics and CPC (the Tao-Yuan Division)

The second WAVE/DSRC-based WIM system test site in the world

WIM Sensor and Loop Detector AVI

IWCU OBU + HMI Module

WIM Controller

Truck WIM

IWCU RSE

Freeway No. 3 South-bound

45.6km

Features

Bidirectional HMI without causing driver distraction

Extensible for future V2I application/service and fleet management

Simplify the inspection process for the police

高速公路貨車動態地磅系統

經濟部技術處科專關鍵計畫成果 –「智慧車載資通訊技術暨服務發展計畫」

平交道障礙物偵測與即時影像警告系統

經濟部技術處科專關鍵計畫成果 –「智慧車載資通訊技術暨服務發展計畫」

尖山埔南北沿線2公里鐵道

103年3 ~ 4月與台

鐵及中興顧問工程

合作，於鶯歌尖山

埔路平交道建置本

系統，進行實路系

統測試及評估

車路整合場域推動

為因應美國交通部2014年宣布朝向V2V Mandate立法，今年透過技術處 科發計畫發展V2X安全應用與場域建置，並參與交通部運研所計畫進行車 路整合應用模式探討與先期測試，串聯路側裝置，取得細緻化之道路車流 資訊，並驗測隧道內DSRC通訊效能與定位技術，作為未來隧道內安全事 件服務通報之建置依據

FY104技術處科發計畫「V2V Mandate

產品與安心服務驗證場域」計畫 FY104交通部運研所「我國智慧型運輸系統 車路整合應用模式探討與先期模擬測試」計畫

V2V Mandate 產品與安心服務驗證場域

• 測試使用者募集

– 募集對象: 新竹客運10台、一般名眾40台

– 驗證期間: 104年10月1日~105年3月31日

我國智慧型運輸系統車路整合應用 模式探討與先期模擬測試

交通部運輸研究所於今年度進行「我國智慧型運輸系統車路整合應用模式 探討與先期模擬測試」研究，探究車間與車路間通訊在交通運輸之安全、

效率、節能減碳等面向之應用需求模式，並進行實測場域規劃設計與運作 測試

• 工研院致力投入車路整合核心技術研發，積極參與國際標 準制定，建立自主技術與專利網布局

• 與歐美車間通訊標準廠商聯手參與車載互通性測試，並成 功列名為美國交通部測試場域建置之 Research Qualified Product List 全球供應商之一，與歐美並駕其驅

• 持續協助國內產業優先透過國際市場創造經濟效濟，推動 國內車路整合驗測場域建置，為美國V2V立法之熱潮，創 造國內商機及社會效益

結語