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Development of 25kW Wind Turbine Control System 鄭恩凱、洪振義

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Development of 25kW Wind Turbine Control System 鄭恩凱、洪振義

E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Taiwan lies between Eurasia and the Pacific Ocean. Due to its geographical location, there are obvious northeastern monsoon and southwest monsoon throughout the year. According to the report of wind energy distribution map finished by Institute of Energy Resources of ITRC and National Central University jointly, the resources of wind-power in Taiwan are quite abundant, and are wide spread through the island such areas as the Taiwan Straits, western coastal area and Penghu subsidiary island, etc. The annual average wind speed can be reached up to more than 5 or 6 meters per second. Based on this, there is a fine natural environment for the development of wind-energy in Taiwan. Because of the existence of the suitable natural environment, we intend to develop a 25 kW wind turbine system for a demonstration purpose. In the system, the active control scheme is adapted; in which includes the controls of blade pitch, rotor brake and rotor yaw. In this thesis, a control system of the 25 kW wind turbine system is developed. In the control system, CAN ( Controller Area Network) Bus is used as the nerve center of communication network and Microprocessor 8051 controllers control the servo motors of blade pitch, rotor brake and rotor yaw in order to obtain the optimum wind power.

Keywords : CAN BUS,Windmill,Microcontroller

Table of Contents

封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書 iii 中文摘要 iv 英文摘要 v 誌謝 vi 目錄 vii 圖目錄 x 表目錄 xii 第一章 緒論 1.1 研究動機及目的 1 1.2 風能簡述 2 1.3 風力發電的應用及發展 4 1.3.1 風力發電機原理及效率 4 1.3.2 國外風力發電機發展 7 1.3.3國內風力發電機發 展 8 1.4 本文架構 10 第二章 CAN bus簡介 2.1 CAN起源及發展 11 2.2 CAN通訊協定 11 2.3 CAN訊息封包 15 2.3.1 標準資料 格式 15 2.3.2 擴展資料格式 17 2.4 CAN時序 17 2.5 CAN的應用架構 18 2.6 CAN錯誤檢測 20 第三章 控制系統 3.1 系統架構 23 3.2 硬體設計及測試 24 3.2.1 8051微控制器版 24 3.2.2 伺服馬達介面板 27 3.3系統CAN bus信號規劃 29 3.4 傾角控制 31 3.4.1 傾角機構 31 3.4.2 傾角控制流程 33 3.5 方向控制 35 3.5.1 方向機構 35 3.5.2 方向控制流程 36 3.6 煞車控制 37 3.6.1 方向 機構 37 3.6.2 方向控制流程 39 第四章 結論 4.1結論 40 4.2未來展望 40 參考文獻 41 附錄 43 圖目錄 圖1.1 氣壓圖 3 圖1.2 現 代風力發電機解剖圖 6 圖1.3 水平軸式風力發電機 6 圖1.4 垂直軸式風力發電機 7 圖1.5 澎湖中屯風力發電示範系統 8 圖1.6 雲林麥寮風力發電示範系統 9 圖1.7 竹北春風風力發電示範系統 9 圖2.1 OSI模型 12 圖2.2 CAN匯流排資料傳送狀態 15 圖2.3 標準資料格式 16 圖2.4 擴展資料格式 17 圖2.5 CAN of one nominal bit 17 圖2.6 CAN應用架構 20 圖3.1 風力發電機控 制系統架構 24 圖3.2 Protel所設計之電路板 25 圖3.3 製作印刷電路板流程圖 25 圖3.4 測試電路板 26 圖3.5 風力發電機之印 刷電路板 26 圖3.6 馬達控制電路示意圖 27 圖3.7 極限開關感應電路示意圖 28 圖3.8 風力發電機之伺服馬達驅動介面板 28 圖3.9 傾角控制機構 32 圖3.10 傾角控制機構爆炸視圖 32 圖3.11 傾角控制流程圖 33 圖3.12 25Kw風力發電機Pitch Control 34 圖3.13 方向控制機構 36 圖3.14 方向控制機構爆炸圖 37 圖3.15 方向控制流程圖 37 圖3.16 煞車控制機構 38 圖3.17 煞車控制 機構爆炸圖 38 圖3.18 煞車控制流程圖 39 表目錄 表1.1 蒲福風級表 2 表1.2 風能優缺點 4 表1.3 風力發電機種類比較 7 表1.4 我國之風力發電示範系統 10 表2.1 OSI內容 13 表3.1風力發電機訊號 29 表3.2風力發電機訊號排序 31

REFERENCES

參考文獻 [1] 經濟部能源委員會風力示範推廣計劃網站, “ http://wind.erl.itri.org.tw/wind.html,” 2006.

[2] 呂威賢, “科學發展383期,” 行政院國家科學委員會, 2004.

[3] 大葉大學機械系, “25kW小型風力發電機結案報告,” 行政院原子能委員會, 2006.

[4] 新高能源科技股份有限公司, “ http://www.hi-energy.con.tw.html,” 2006.

[5] 陳文樹, “風力發電的應用與發展,”.

[6] 蔡信行, “替代燃料與再生能源,” 行政院國家科學委員會, 2003.

[7] 秀朗國小能源教育網, “ http://www.hles.tpc.edu.tw/energy/_html/energy_treehouse.htm#intro,”.

[8] http://big5.china.com.cn/chinese/zhuanti/xxsb/602457.htm.

[9] 顏豪緯, “CAN匯流排即時訊息排程與頻寬分配,” 大葉大學, 碩士論文, 2005.

[10] 孫成啟, “CAN BUS 網路之鋼板熱軋溫度監控系統,” 元智大學,碩士論文.

[11] 林純民,林世昌, “微電腦控制-mcs-51工業電子.感測器應用,” 全華科技圖書股份有限公司, 1994.

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[12] 楊明豐, “8051單晶片C語言設計實務,” 碁峰資訊股份有限公司, 2004.

[13] 馬忠梅, 籍順心, 張凱, 馬岩, “8051單晶片C語言程式設計-使用Keil Cx51,” 全華科技圖書股份有限公司, 2005.

[14] 賴麒文, “C與8051單晶片韌體設計-使用Keil C,” 大葉大學碩士論文, 2003.

參考文獻

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