Performance Analysis of DS-CDMA Systems in Multiple-cell with Correlated Fading Channels
牛繼光、陳雍宗
E-mail: 9419767@mail.dyu.edu.tw
ABSTRACT
In this paper, the impact of the correlation on the performance of multiple-cell DS-CDMA cellular systems over correlated fading channels is investigated. A new closed-form formula for the joint probability density function (joint pdf) of the diversity combiner with arbitrary correlation coefficients in terms of the generalized Laguere polynomial and the new expressions of average bit-error rate (BER) for the DS-CDMA system are given in this paper. The results demonstrate that the BER is significantly dependent on the correlation characteristic of diversity branching for multiple-cell environments.
Keywords : multiple-cell、correlated Nakagami-m fading、DS-CDMA、Laguerre polynomial Table of Contents
封面內頁 簽名頁 博碩士論文授權書．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．iii 中文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．． iv 英文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．v 誌謝．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．vi 目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．vii 圖目錄．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．x 表目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．xii 第 一章 緒論 1.1研究動機與目的．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 1.2論文綱要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．2 第二章 CDMA系統簡介 2.1前言．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4 2.2 DS-CDMA系統．．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．4 2.3 MC-CDMA系統．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 6 2.4 Multicarrier(MC)-DS-CDMA系統．．
．．．．．． 9 2.5 Multi-tone(MT)-CDMA系統．．．．．．．．．． 11 第三章 訊號衰落 3.1訊號衰落的介紹．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．14 3.2電波傳輸現象．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．15 3.2.1反射．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．15 3.2.2繞射．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．16 3.2.3散射．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．16 3.3衰 落的分類．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 17 3.3.1大尺度衰落．．．．．．．．．．．．．．17 3.3.1.1路徑損耗．
．．．．．．．．．．．18 3.3.1.2遮蔽效應．．．．．．．．．．．．21 3.3.2小尺度衰落．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．22 3.3.2.1時間延遲擴散．．．．．．．．．．23 3.3.2.2時域上的變動性．．．．．．．．．25 3.4多重路徑及多重衰落 簡介．．．．．．．．．．．27 3.5多重路徑衰落所造成的效應．．．．．．．．．．28 3.6衰落通道的數學模型．．．．
．．．．．．．．．28 3.7常用通信波道統計分佈介紹與比較．．．．．．．31 3.7.1 Nolmal(Gaussian)衰落分佈．．．．．
．．．31 3.7.2 Rayleigh衰落分佈．．．．．．．．．．．．34 3.7.3 Rice衰落分佈．．．．．．．．．．．．．37 3.7.4 Nakagami衰落分佈．．．．．．．．．．．42 第四章 工作於多蜂巢且具有相關衰落環境中之DS-CDMA系統效能研究 4.1 傳送與接收模型．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．46 4.2 DS-CDMA通道模型．．．．．．．．．．．．．46 4.3高斯近似 值．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．48 4.4相關衰落通道之聯合機率密度函數．．．．．．．50 4.5平均BER效能分析
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．53 第五章 數值結果．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．55 第六章 結論．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．59 參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．60 圖目錄 圖2.1 DS-CDMA系統發射機架構圖．．．．．．．．．．．．． 5 圖2.2 DS-CDMA系統發射信號頻譜圖．．．．．．．
．．．． 6 圖2.3 DS-CDMA系統RAKE接收機架構圖．．．．．．．．． 6 圖2.4 MC-CDMA系統發射器架構圖．．．．
．．．．．．．． 7 圖2.5 MC-CDMA系統發射信號頻譜圖．．．．．．．．．．． 8 圖2.6 MC-CDMA系統接收器架構圖
．．．．．．．．．．．． 8 圖2.7修正型的MC-CDMA系統發射器架構圖．．．．．．．． 8 圖2.8修正型的MC-CDMA 系統發射信號頻譜圖．．．．．．． 9 圖2.9 Multicarrier(MC)-DS-CDMA系統發射器架構圖．．．．．10 圖2.10
Multicarrier(MC)-DS-CDMA系統發射信號頻譜圖．．． 10 圖2.11 Multicarrier(MC)-DS-CDMA系統接收器架構圖．．．
．11 圖2.12 MT-CDMA系統發射器架構圖．．．．．．．．．．． 12 圖2.13 MT-CDMA系統發射信號頻譜圖．．．．．
．．．．． 12 圖2.14 MT-CDMA系統接收器架構圖．．．．．．．．．．． 13 圖3.1電磁波傳輸之三種主要物理現象．．
．．．．．．．．．15 圖3.2自由空間路徑損耗模型．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．18 圖3.3多重路徑衰落信號．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．23 圖3.4典型線性等化器的結構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．25 圖3.5多路徑傳輸衰落效 應．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．29 圖3.6時變通道脈衝響應．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．30 圖3.7單變 數Gaussian衰落信號包封機率密度函數．．．．．．33 圖3.8單變數Rayleigh衰落信號包封機率密度函數．．．．．．36 圖3.9單變數Rice衰落信號包封機率密度函數．．．．．．．．40 圖3.10單變數Nakagami衰落信號包封機率密度函數．．．
．． 43 圖4.1多蜂巢和蜂巢幾何結構圖．．．．．．．．．．．．．．49 圖5.1 、 不同、 時，單蜂巢系統之BER與SNR相 關曲線圖．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．56 圖5.2 、 不同、 時，多蜂巢系統之BER與SNR相關曲線圖
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．57 圖5.3 不同、 時，相關Nakagami通道中單蜂巢與多蜂巢間之BER 與SNR相關比較曲線圖．．．．．．．．．．57 圖5.4 不同、 時，相關Nakagami通道中單蜂巢與多蜂巢間之BER與SNR相 關比較曲線圖．．．．．．．．．．58 圖5.5 、 、 和 時，相關Nakagami通道中單蜂巢與多蜂巢間之BER與SNR相關比較 曲線圖．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．58 表目錄 表3.1 衰落通道的分類及影響 ．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．．17 表3.2 不同環境下路徑損耗指數值．．．．．．．．．．．．．20 REFERENCES
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