A Content－Based Reversible Data Hiding Scheme Based on Difference Expansion and Histogram Shifting
陳怡菁、林國祥
E-mail: 9805515@mail.dyu.edu.tw
ABSTRACT
Steganography is a technology for covert communication. That is, secret data can be embedded into cover media and then it is difficult to determine whether this medium contains secret data or not. In some applications (e.g., medical and military images), the permanent errors resulting from data hiding is not allowable. Therefore, it motivates us to develop a reversible steganographic scheme.
In order to achieve imperceptibility and blind extraction, the difference expansion method is modified and integrated with the histogram shifting in this thesis. In the modified difference expansion scheme, local properties of image content are extracted to determine the number of embedded bits of each pixel pair to raise the embedding capacity.
To evaluate our proposed steganographic scheme, some popular images are tested. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with the existing method, our proposed steganographic scheme is capable of not only yielding a higher PSNR and NQM but also increase the embedding capacity.
Keywords : steganography、reversible data embedding、difference expansion Table of Contents
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書 中文摘要 ABSTRACT 誌謝 目錄 圖目錄 表目錄
第一章 緒論 1.1 研究動機與目的 1.2 論文架構 第二章 相關研究 2.1 差值擴展 2.2 小波轉換
2.2.1 Haar函數離散小波轉換 2.2.2 5/3整數小波轉換
第三章 本論文之可逆資料隱藏法則 3.1 空間域
3.1.1 資料嵌入程序
3.1.2 資料擷取與內容還原程序 3.2 小波轉換域
3.2.1 資料嵌入程序
3.2.2 資料擷取與內容還原程序 第四章 實驗結果
4.1 視覺品質分析 4.1.1 空間域 4.1.2 小波轉換域
4.2 系統參數分析 4.2.1 空間域 4.2.2 小波轉換域 4.3 文獻比較 4.3.1 空間域 4.3.2 小波轉換域 第五章 結論 參考文獻 REFERENCES
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