Design and Implementation of an Agent-based Online Testing System 張桂綺、楊豐兆
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Testing is one of the cores of learning no matter it is conducted in class or over the network. Because it not only can evaluate students’ learning proficiency but also discover the adequacy of teaching material. However, tests preparation, conduction, and grading are heavy loaded tasks and quite time consuming. Therefore, how to reduce the workload of teachers from preparing tests to grading examination sheets has always been the focus of many studies. In this thesis, we present an agent-based online testing system which uses agent technology to elliviate the test-related tasks of teachers. This thesis utilizes the features of agents who can
communicate, perceive, and interact with each other to assist users in reducing those recurrent and time consuming jobs during the process of creating, conducting, and managing online tests. The proposed system is analyzed using UML, implemented using PHP and JavaScript and is running on top of Linux 9.0 operating system with Apache Web Server and MySQL DBMS. The features of this system are (1) to provide a flexible testing environment where teachers can generate exam. sheets and students can conduct test anytime and anyplace, (2) to provide mixed question types which include true-false test, multiple-choice test, and fill-blank test. The mixed question types can evaluate students’ learning proficiency and fulfill teachers’ requirement, (3) to analyze students’
answers and to provide immediate feedbacks which allow teachers and students to get the test results right away. The feedbacks are important both to teachers and students. They can discover the adequacy of teaching material, and (4) the ability of automatic generating exam. sheet and grading which can reduce teachers’ workload and allow them to spend more time on preparing teaching material.
Keywords : on-line testing, software agent, evaluation.
Table of Contents
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書... iii 中文摘要... v 英文摘要... vi 誌 謝... viii 目錄... ix 圖目錄... xi 表目
錄... xiv 第一章 緒論... 1 1.1 研究動機... 1 1.2 研究目 的... 3 1.3 研究問題... 4 1.4 研究範圍及限制... 5 第二章 文獻探 討... 6 2.1 代理人... 6 2.2 統一塑模語言(UML) ...10 2.3 傳統測驗與線上測 驗的比較... 12 2.4 線上測驗的優點... 13 第三章 研究方法... 16 3.1 研究流
程... 16 3.2 適用對象...19 3.3 研究工具... 20 第四章 系統分析與設 計... 22 4.1 線上測驗代理人架構... 22 4.2 系統架構... 24 4.2.1 使用者模型觀 點... 27 4.2.2 結構模型觀點... 28 4.2.3 行為模型觀點... 29 4.2.3.1 活動 圖... 30 4.2.3.2 循序圖及合作圖... 35 4.2.3.3 狀態圖... 46 4.2.4 實作模型觀 點... 49 4.2.5 環境模型觀點... 54 第五章 系統實作與評估... 56 5.1 系統實 作... 56 5.1.1 教師模組... 57 5.1.2 學生模組... 69 5.2 系統評 估... 72 第六章 結論... 81 6.1 結論... 81 6.2 未來工 作... 82 參考文獻... 84 附錄... 90 REFERENCES
[1] 古松民，線上適性測驗系統，資訊與教育雜誌，84 期，61~69 頁，1995。
[2] 多媒體線上測驗系統， http://163.15.57.240/olt/doc/sys.htm，2003。
[3] 朱秦利、黃仁竑、許政穆，全民題庫:系統理念與建置，2001 年台灣區學術網路研討會暨網路學習與繼續專業教育國際會 議論文集（
上冊），243~247 頁。
[4] 李連順，國中生活科技線上測驗系統發展研究，高雄師範大學 碩士論文，2000。
[5] 李連順，多媒體線上測驗系統， http://home.kghs.kh.edu.tw/olt/，2003。
[6] 余民寧，試題反映理論的介紹（一）， http://www.edutest.com.tw/e-irt/irt1.htm，2003。
[7] 林月仙、吳裕益，國民小學中低年級數學診斷， http://psyultra.psy.ccu.edu.tw/learning/Mathtest.html，2003。
[8] 林政斌，線上學習代理人之分析與設計，中山大學碩士論文，2001。
[9] 林裕集，適用於電腦教室之網路測驗系統:以國小英語科為 例，台中師範學院碩士論文，2001。
[10] 林家聖、馬南超、郭立平、賀嘉生，智慧型代理人於虛擬實 驗環境下所提供的互動學習機制，資訊與教育雜誌，86 期， 9~15 頁
，2001。
[11] 周文正，1998，WWW 上電腦輔助測試系統之研製， http://thccx5.cc.nthu.edu.tw/wjchou/tecpaper/w3cat，2002。
[12] 吳信義、吳錫修，多媒體電腦題庫系統:軟體系統之評估， 行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究計劃成果報告，
NSC90-2520-S-252-001，2002。
[13] 吳信義，多媒體電腦題庫系統:編輯系統之設計，行政院國 家科學委員會補助專題研究計劃成果報告， NSC87-2511-S-252-001
，1998。
[14] 周斯畏，物件導向系統分析與設計使用UML 與C++，台北: 全華科技圖書公司，2002。
[15] 施威銘研究室，HTML 網頁設計實務，台北:旗標出版公司，2002。
[16] 洪燕竹，資訊科技在教育上應用的新趨勢， http://content.edu.tw/primary/info_edu/cy_sa/pro/pro/p1/page1.htm，2003。
[17] 孫光天、朱社君，軟體代理人應用於網路適性學習系統之探 討，資訊與教育雜誌，86 期，3~8 頁，2001。
[18] 亞卓市， http://www.educities.edu.tw/，2002。
[19] 陳柏熹，測驗的概念與編製程序， http://www.epa.ncnu.edu.tw/indicator/indicator-4.html，2003。
[20] 許聞廉、戴良友，助教代理人的功能、角色及限制，資訊與 教育雜誌，86 期，24~29 頁，2001。
[21] 許政穆、林建丞，應用於網路教學的Web-based 線上閱卷工 具，2001 年台灣區學術網路研討會暨網路學習與繼續專業教 育國際會 議論文集（上冊），215~219 頁。
[22] 郭生玉，心理與教育測驗，台北:精華書局，2000。
[23] 侯妤青，智慧型題庫模型建構之探討，彰化師範大學碩士論 文，2000。
[24] 黃朝恭，國民小學國語科多媒體線上測驗系統建置之相關研 究，台中師範學院碩士論文，1999。
[25] 趙啟志，PHP4+MySQL 完整自學方案，台北:博碩文化公司， 2000。
[26] 彰化師範大學遠距教學系統， http://dlearn.ncue.edu.tw/，2002。
[27] 澎水職校線上測驗丙級技能檢定題庫， http://w3.phmhs.phc.edu.tw/course/test/index.asp，2003。
[28] 線上測驗服務中心， http://onlinetest.org/，2003。
[29] 戴嬋玲、黃逢春、趙銘，教導式教學代理人之設計，資訊與 教育雜誌，86 期，42~50 頁，2001。
[30] 竇其仁、林志鴻、陳聖章、沈建忠，行動代理人技術與教育 應用，資訊與教育雜誌，86 期，16~23 頁，2001。
[31] F. McCabe, J. Odell and C. Thompson, "Agent Technology Green Paper", http://www.objs.com/agent/index.html, 2000.
[32] D. P. Buse, P. Sun, Q. H. Wu, and I. Fitch, "Agent-Based Substation Automation," IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol.1 No.2, pp.
50-55, 2003.
[33] S. Dragsnes, M. Chen and R. Baggetun, "A Design Approach for Agents in Distributed Work and Learning Environment," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Computers in Education, 2002, pp. 60-64.
[34] S. Franklin and A. Graesser, "Is it an Agent, or just a Program?:A Taxonomy for Autonomous Agents,"
http://www.msci.memphis.edu/~franklin/AgentProg.html, 2003.
[35] Arturo Hernandez-Dominguez and Aleksandra do Socorro da Silva, "An Adapted Virtual Class Based on Intelligent Tutoring System and Agent Approaches," in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, 2001, pp. 243-244.
[36] A. Koyama, L. Barolli, A. Tsuda and Z. Cheng, "An Agent-based Personalized Distance Learning System," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Informational Networking, 2001, pp. 895-899.
[37] G. Kimovski, V. Trajkovic and D. Davcev, "Resource Manager for Distance Education Systems," in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, 2001, pp. 387-390.
[38] L. Motiwalla and S. Tello, "Distance Learning On the Internet:An Exploratory Study," The Internet and Higher Education, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp.
253-264, 2000.
[39] A. Nijholt, "Agent-supported Cooperative Learning Environments, " in Proceedings of the Advanced Learning Technologies in International Workshop on IWALT, 2000, pp.17-18.
[40] A. Okada, I. Tarumi and Y. Kambayashi, "Real-Time Quiz Functions for Dynamic Group Guidance in Distance Learning Systems," in Proceedings of the the First International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, 2000, pp. 19-21.
[41] B. Ozdemir and F. N. Alpaslan, "An Intelligent Tutoring System for Student Guidance in Web-Based Courses," in Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Engineering Systems and Allied Technologies, 2000, pp. 835-839.
[42] K. Passerini and M. J. Granger, "A developmental model for Distance Learning using the Internet," Computers & Education, Vol. 34, pp.
1-15, 2000.
[43] M. Rosi? S. Stankov and V. Glavini? "Application of Semantics of Web and Personal Agents id Distance Education System," in Proceedings of the IEEE MELECON 2002, Cairo. Egypt, 2002, pp. 542-546.
[44] V. Sugumaran and R. Bose, "Data analysis and mining environment: a distributed intelligent agent technology application," Industrial
Management and Data Systems, Vol. 99, No. 2, pp. 71-80, 1999.
[45] V. Trajkovic, D. Davcev, G. Kimovski, and Z. Petanceska, "Web-Based Virtual Classroom," in Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Technology of object-oriented Languages and systems, 2000, pp. 137-146.
[46] WebCT, http://www.webct.com, 2003.
[47] M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings, "Intelligent agents: Theory and practice," Knowledge Engineering Review, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 115-152, 1995.
[48] F. C. Yang and Y. K. Ho, "Cooperative Distributed Problem-Solving Management Framework for Office Automation Systems," Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-14, 1997.
