國立政治大學發展國際一流大學及頂尖研究中心計畫 出國成果報告書（格式）
計畫編號 執行單位
出國人員 周玲臺 教授 出國日期
2013 年 1 月 16 日 至 2013 年 1 月 25 日，共 10 日 出國地點
美國新奧爾良，第十九屆 美國會計學會審計年中 會議
出國經費
新台幣 80,000 元報告內容摘要
第十九屆美國會計學會審計年中會議於美國新奧爾良舉行，本次出席該會議 之主要目的為發表「Differential SOX Regulation Regimes and ICFR Disclosure Quality」論文，其次，透過該會議，瞭解審計領域前沿研究訊息。
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目次
目的 ... 4
過程 ... 4
心得及建議 ... 7
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目的
本次出席美國會計學會審計年中會議主要目的為發表「Differential SOX
Regulation Regimes and ICFR Disclosure Quality」論文。其次，該會議是目前審計領域 國科會最重視之國際會議，參加學者包括審計界資深教授及著名研究學者等，內容則 包括審計專題演講，實務與專業座談會及學術論文發表，是與審計研究學者互動及獲 取審計領域前沿研究訊息之最佳會議，個人認為是審計研究學者最值得親自出席之學 術研討會。
過程
101 年 1 月 17 日 1.
Jeanette Franzel
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Member Plenary Session
PCAOB is dealing with issues including the following priority themes:
(1) Audit Quality- 10yrs anniversaries of SOX in July 2012.
AQ divergent → Expectation gap → dif. audit failures → different levels of deficiency(level of severity)
The public & academics agreed that AQ improved after SOX. No general agreement on AQ measurement. PCAOB is developing key indicators of AQ. A new frameworks of AQ is done by one Audit research team and many of
literatures by audit section (2) Professional skepticism
Prof. skepticism: “not sufficient audit evidence to support opinions;”systemic problems in the firms; emphasized more in auditing education; sensitize
standards on this; to develop a tool to measure or improve professional skepticism.
(3) Inspection report & Remediation Determination
2012 RPT will be out 4/30/2013. PCAOB will accelerate the report process.
2011 issued 344 reports. 2012 issued 257 reports. PCAOB accelerates the reporting process & modifies the remediation process. Big issues include related parties.
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(4) Standards setters
Audit committee standards were just completed. We get rid of the mid-term standards and reorganize the audit standards (based on a better framework).
Roadmaps will show where PCAOB Auditing standards are heading to. Related parties standards are there. Others include auditor’s Reporting models/audit partner identification/Going process on mandatory firm rotation.
(5) Audit Committees (to improve auditor independence) (6) Analysis of Inspection Findings
a. Taxonomy completed
b. Data Bases to be released maybe for public research c. Hired a new offices of academic research
101 年 1 月 18 日 1. 3.01
Panel Session: Audit Committee Effectiveness- A Focus on Their Role and That of the External Auditor
Are there any guidelines on overseeing related party transactions by AC?
Risks are dumped on AC; Board did not allocate time for different risk → eg.
Oversight of IT risks.
Agenda:
(1) Roles and responsibility of AC evolved & increased
● IF Listed on NASDAQ → AC oversees approval of related parties transactions
● AC are responsible for risks; financial risk; globalization effect, cyber risk, IT risks
● AC avg age is 62, lacking IT specialties mostly
● Industry expertise is also very difficult
● AC should hire advisors to help with the issuer. (A provision in SOX)
● What are the higher risks PCAOB identified for your auditor firm? AC should not find out
● PCAOB does not have control/supervision over AC. SEC has jurisdiction over AC
(2) PCAOB inspection
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● What info should auditors release to AC regarding the firm’s PCAOB inspection report?
(3) ICFR
● PCAOB 2010 observation of deficiency in audits of ICOFR: 50% show insufficient evidences and 85% of those show deficiencies in audit of F/S (4) AS 16 (communication with AC)
AS 16 & Research Opportunities:
● Auditor & AC, not the Mgt;
● Auditors reporting to AC directly
● Investor perception on this relationship changed?
● The timing of this communication is different under AS 16- Auditors need to highlight the important findings & risk factors to AC.
● What is the best way to communicate complex issues to AC by auditors?
● The use of experts by AC need be studied
● Auditor’s assessment of AC effectiveness & AC’s evaluation of auditor performance
● How should AC involve with CIO?
2. 4.01
Panel Session: Auditing Fair Values
Moderator: Jay Rich, Illionis State University
How to audit valuation of overseas private fund investments
● Related Parties transaction related to auditor risks & Fair Values Audit
● Understand the interplay of Mgt. Assessment process & Fair Values Audit
● Mgt. should understand how financial instruments are valued.
● 3 Approaches:
(1) Risk assessment process (2) Rely on I/C?
(3) Disaggregation of dif instruments
● Work with specialists in securities pricing
● Derivatives Valuation
Option, Swaps: factors affect pricing
● Understand the instruments/securities and their valuation methods.
● Private Funds:
(1) Non-contractual (2) Lack of governance
● How to exercise professional skepticism? People tend to accept confirming evidence and discount uncomforting evidence
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101 年 1 月 19 日 1. 5.01
Table 5: Accounting and Auditing Standards.
發表 Differential SOX Regulation Regimes and ICFR Disclosure Quality (1) Control for GC/opinion
(2) Separate the fraud and groups & see if both are sighificant
(3) Separate MW ←→ restatement, Not MW ←→ no restatement and see which in stronger or if both hold
(4) Additional test:
Is fee a moderating variable
Fee 高審計多做工，ICFR disclosure Q 應更高，故可分高低公費跑，在 解釋有無差異。
2. 6.04
Trust, Human Resources, International Aid, and Reporting Quality Moderator: Chris E. Hogan, Michigan State University
3. 7.05
Multiple Auditor Engagements
Moderator: Jean C. Bedard, Bentley University
Same auditor Audit of Related Parties High Quality 4. 8.01
Audit Quality
Moderator: Julie Petherbridge, Mercer University, Atlanta Joint audit:
Engagement process?
Work(fees) divided by audit committee?