1. S. H. Lee, S. Y. Choi, H. Kim, J. S. Hwang, B. G. Lee, J. J. Gao, S. Y.
Kim(2002), Mulberroside F isolated from the leaves of Morus alba inhibits melanin biosynthesis, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 25:1045- 1048.
2. 陳韻如(2007),桑枝成分之HPLC分析及抗氧化研究,嘉南藥理 科技大學化妝品科技研究所碩士學位論文。
3. S. J. Kim, K. H. Son, H. W. Chang, S. S. Kang, H. P. Kim
(2003),Tyrosinase inhibitory prenylated flavonoids from Sophora flavescens, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 26:1348.
4. T. J. Ha, M. S. Yang, D. S. Jang, S. U. Choi, K. H. Park(2001), Inhibitory activity of flavanone derivatives isolated from Sophora flavescens for melanogenesis, Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 22: 97-99.
5. Y. B. Ryu, I. M. Westwood, N. S. Kang, H. Y. Kim, J. H. Kim, Y. H.
Moon, K. H. Park(2007), Kurarinol, tyrosinase inhibitor isolated from the root of Sophora flavescens, Phytomedicine, 15:612-8.
6. Y. H. Cho, J. H. Kim, S. M. Park, B. C. Lee, H. B. Pyo, H. D. Park
(2006), New cosmetic agents for skin whitening from Angelica dahurica, Journal of Cosmetic Science, 57:11 -21.
7. 吳倩華(2010),十六種中草藥萃取物其抗氧化及美白效能之研
65
究,嘉南藥理科技大學化粧品科技研究所碩士學位論文。
8. 宋成巖,劉宇,樸錦花,樸光春,呂惠子(2007),黃芩抗氧化 化學成份的研究,時珍國醫國藥,18(4)。
9. 張婙梅(2011),絡石藤之抗氧化與抑制酪胺酸酶效能評估,嘉南 藥理科技大學化粧品科技研究所碩士學位論文。
10. 許喬木、邱永年(1980),原色野生食用植物圖鑑,南天書局。
11. 李煥燊主編,劉國柱、周正仁、歐潤芝合著(1978),台灣野生可 食植物,國立中國醫藥研究所。
12. Petra Luthje, Dang Ngoc Dzung, Annelie Brauner(2011),Lactuca indica extract interferes with uroepithelial infection by Escherichia coli ,Journal of Ethnopharmacology ,135 :672-677.
13. Ki Hyun Kim, Young Ho Kim, Kang Ro Lee(2007),Isolation of quinic acid derivatives and flavonoids from the aerial parts of Lactuca indica L.and their hepatoprotective activity in vitro, Bioorganic &
Medicinal Chemistry Letters,17: 6739-6743.
14. Yi-Hsuan Chen , Hui-Yin Chen , Chin-Lin Hsu , Gow-Chin Yen
(2007),Induction of Apoptosis by the Lactuca indica L. in Human Leukemia Cell Line and Its Active Components, J. Agric. Food Chem. ,55: 1743–1749
15. Chia-Chung Hou, Shwu-Jiuan Lin, Juei-Tang Cheng, Feng-Lin Hsu
66
(2003), Antidiabetic Dimeric Guianolides and a Lignan Glycoside from Lactuca indica, Journal of Natural Products, 66:625-629.
16. 侯珈禎(2003),山萵苣、過長沙與甜菊的活性成分探索,台北 醫學大學藥學院藥學研究所博士學位論文。
17. Sheng-Yang Wang , Hsing-Ning Chang , Kai-Ti Lin , Chiu-Ping Lo, Ning-Sun Yang, Lie-Fen Shyur(2003),Antioxidant Properties and Phytochemical Characteristics of Extracts from Lactuca indica , J.
Agric. Food Chem., 51:1506-1512.
18. 國立台灣大學化學系(2006),大學化學實驗一暨實驗二,第二版,
國立台灣大學出版中心。
19. 林敬二、林宗義(1994),儀器分析(下),美亞書版股份有限公 司。
20. 施益民、呂峰洲(1989),自由基與各種疾病當代醫學,16 (5),
399-407。
21. 陳惠英、顏國欽(1998),自由基、抗氧化防禦與人體健康,中 華民國營養學會會誌,23(1): 105-121。
22. 賴茲漢, 賴業超(1994),食品科技辭典,富林出版社。
23. J. W. Lin, H. M. Chiang, Y. C. Lin, K. C. Wen(2008), Natural Products with Skin - Whitening Effects, Journal of Food and Drug
67
Analysis, 16:1 - 10.
24. K. Shimada, K. Fujikawa, K. Yahara(1992),Antioxidative Properties of Xanthan on the Autoxidation of Soybean Oil in Cyclodextrin
Emulsion, Agric. Food Chem , 40:945-948.
25. G.W. Bruton(1994) ,Vitamin:molecular and biological function, Proc Nutr Soc., 53: 251-262.
26. R. Grmmh, H.Berg(1999),Applicability of an improved Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay for evaluation of
antioxidant capacity measurements of mixtures, Food Chem, 66:511- 517.
27. B. shan, Y. Cai, M. Sun, H. Corke(2005),Antioxidant Capacity of 26 Spice Extracts and Characterization of Their Phenolic Constituents, J Agric Food Chem , 53:7749-7759.
28. Robertare, N. Pellegrini, A. Prpteggente, A. Pannala, M. Yang, Catherine rice-evans(1999),Antioxidant Activity Applying An Improved ABTS Radical Cation Decolorization Assay, Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 26:1231–1237.
29. S.H. Baea, H.J Suhb(2007),Antioxidant activities of five different mulberry cultivars in Korea, Food Science and Technology, 40:
955-962.
30. J. Robak and R.J. Gryglewski(1988) ,Flavonoids are scavengers of
68
superoxide anions, Biochem.Pharma.,37:837-841.
31. 林小菁(2005),(多羥基苯亞甲基)-(羥基苯)胺化合物抗氧化之研 究,嘉南藥理科技大學化粧品科技研究所碩士學位論文。
32. M. Nishikimi, N.A. Rao, K. Yagi(1972),The occurrence of superoxide anion in the reaction of reduced phenazine methosulfate and molecular oxygen,Biochem Biophys Res Commun.,46:849-854.
33. K.T. Lee, K.s. Lee, J.H. Jeoag, B.K. Jo, M.Y. Heo , H.P. Kim(2003), Inhibitory effects of Ramulus mori extracts on melanogenesis, J
Cosmet Sci, 54:133-42.
34. S. Ito, K. Wakamatsu , H. Ozeki(2000),Chemical analysis of melanins and its application to the study of the regulation of melanogenesis, Pigment Cell Res. ,13:103-109.
35. E.J. Land, C.A. Ramsden(2003), Tyrosinase autoactivation and the chemistry of ortho-quinone amines, Acc Chem Res.,36:300-308.
36. S.Y. Seo, V.K. Sharma, N. Sharma(2003),Mushroom tyrosinase:
recent prospects, J Agric Food Chem. ,51:2837-2853.
37. B. E. Hairi, G. Salle, C. Andary(1991), Involvement of flavonoids in the resistance of two popular cultivars to mistletoe (Viscum album L.), Protoplasma, 162:20-26.
69
38. K. Heim, A. Tagliferro, D. Bobila(2002), Flavonoid antioxidants : chemistry, metabolism and structure-activity relationships, Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 13:527 - 84.
39. Jiang Hong Chen, Chi-Tang Ho (1997),Antioxidant Activities of Caffeic Acid and Its Related Hydroxycinnamic Acid Compounds,J.
Agric. Food Chem., 45:2374-2378.
40. İlhami Gülçin(2006),Antioxidant activity of caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) ,Toxicology, 217:213–220.