• 沒有找到結果。

我們的實驗推論是針對健康的上班族女性,因為這一族群是化妝品的 主要消費對象。至於是否能外推(extrapolation)到問題皮膚的男、女性 臉部皮膚,則需更進一步探討。屬油性的健康臉部膚質,四款膚質檢 測尤其表皮皮脂,與混合型相較,應有些差異,也需更進一步實驗設 計,將臉部分區一一探討。

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表 1. 影響皮膚表皮水分及其測量的因素

因素 影響水準 彙整摘要

8,64,65

內源因素(與個體有關)

解剖位置 有差異

前額、手掌>腹部、大腿 、下肢

性別 無影響

年齡 低

除胎兒(<30 週)、老人外影響少

種族 低

、白、西班牙語系人種間,有些

不同

左 、 右側前臂 無影響

晝夜節律性 低~中等

有部位特異性,不同部位有不同節律

出汗 低~中等

出汗速率增加,汗

pH 增加

皮膚溫度 很低 +0.023 pH/℃

皮膚上的皮脂 中等

依皮脂量,不同位置,量不等,不能

相比

外源因素(與環境有關)

環境溫度 高

建議空調室溫約20-22℃下,才測量

周圍相對濕度 高

建議空調相對濕度約40%下測量

季節 低

有爭論,可能因不同的生活或衛生習

實驗因素(與儀器有關)

品牌不同 有差異 DPM

,Skicon 讀值高於

Corneometer;前兩種適合評估相當 高水含量的等級與脫附動力學,

Corneometer 評估相當乾的皮膚

表 2. 影響經皮水分流失及其測量的因素

表 3. 影響皮膚皮脂量及其測量的因素

Vit A 衍生物(isotretinoin)

增加 ,如:

表 4. 影響皮膚酸鹼值及其測量的因素

-因素 影響水準 彙整摘要

36,51,56

內源因素(與個體有關)

解剖位置 有差異

大部份區域間相差很少,對磨的

(intertriginous) 部位,pH 較高

性別 無影響

鹼皂(pH10.5-11.0):高(2-3 單位)

皮膚清洗:長期效應 低~中等

常規使用鹼皂,會增加pH 0.3-0.5 單位

表 5. 臉部不同部位表皮水分測量的描述性統計

表 6. 臉部不同部位經皮水分散失測量的描述性統計

表 7. 臉部不同部位皮脂值膚質測量的描述性統計計

表 8. 臉部不同部位酸鹼值膚質測量的描述性統計

表 9. 臉部不同部位連續三天表皮水分測量的描述性統計

72.343 9.660 72.80 61.15-8 0.10

72.447 7.933 73.05 63.85- 79.65

2R 70.670 5.315 69.70 66.50- 73.50

72.630 4.894 71.10 69.10- 78.40

73.577 5.754 76.10 69.90- 78.50

2L 71.323 5.950 71.40 65.05- 75.65

70.607 6.882 70.30 64.20- 76.60

71.863 5.815 71.15 68.50- 76.30

3R 69.853 7.571 70.10 64.65-74.30

69.160 7.865 64.70 61.60- 76.60

68.670 9.247 66.70 61.80- 77.45

3L 67.300 7.813 64.95 60.35 75.35

68.860 8.912 69.40 62.45-7 8.20

68.673 10.746 67.95 59.85- 78.60

4R 53.587 6.861 52.70 49.35-61.95

53.950 9.249 51.50 47.85-6 3.90

55.147 9.110 52.45 47.45- 63.15

4L 55.143 8.044 55.20 52.15-59.95

57.687 6.867 58.65 50.90-6 4.95

表 10. 臉部不同部位連續三天經皮水分散失測量的描述性統計

表 11. 臉部不同部位連續三天皮脂量測量的描述性統計

96.80 61.22 90.00 47.00- 157.00

101.10 49.46 94.00 63.50- 140.00

2R 85.83 50.76 58.00 39.50- 154.00

91.17 56.56 94.00 35.00- 132.00

106.53 40.80 105.50 78.50- 135.00

2L 84.13 57.81 77.00 28.00- 155.00

77.37 43.77 75.50 38.00- 115.50

97.03 47.80 100.00 58.00- 143.50

3R 70.03 53.88 42.00 21.00- 139.00

68.77 46.53 74.00 20.00- 101.00

80.40 44.66 72.00 50.00- 119.00

3L 65.50 55.30 33.50 26.50- 118.00

69.87 57.11 33.50 25.00- 149.50

73.17 45.60 64.50 41.00- 104.00

4R 58.70 48.45 34.00 19.00- 84.50

64.17 41.09 49.50 36.00- 119.00

67.83 43.69 60.00 39.50- 89.00

4L 54.70 44.23 31.50 22.50- 82.00

57.93 44.37 43.00 31.50- 101.00

58.73 35.49 56.00 30.00- 143.00

5R 73.97 63.05 62.50 27.00- 117.50

79.53 56.78 65.50 30.00- 101.00

83.63 52.67 79.00 42.50- 88.50

5L 60.97 53.62 40.00 33.00- 63.00

73.77 57.58 69.50 13.50- 133.50

76.83 47.50 69.00 42.00- 91.00

6 119.07 56.68 118.00 74.50- 193.50

125.70 57.29 114.00 77.50- 198.00

128.73 57.27 112.00 97.00- 173.00

表 12. 臉部不同部位連續三天酸鹼值測量的描述性統計

表 13. 臉部四種膚質測量,左、右側值之相關性與成對 t 檢定

項目 位置 相關(顯著機率) t 值(顯著機率)

前額左右側

0.846(<0.001)** 1.28(0.22)

顴凸左右側

0.869(<0.001)** 0.85(0.41)

頰左右側

0.665( 0.01)* -1.70(0.11)

表皮 水分

口角邊左右側

0.877(<0.001)** -0.01(0.99)

前額左右側

0.858(<0.001)**

-5.80(<0.001)**

顴凸左右側

0.853(<0.001)** -1.50(0.16)

頰左右側

0.852(<0.001)** 1.22(0.24)

經皮 水分 散失

口角邊左右側

0.937(<0.001)** 1.34(0.20)

前額左右側

0.959(<0.001)** 1.94(0.07)

顴凸左右側

0.950(<0.001)** 0.84(0.42)

頰左右側

0.964(<0.001)** 2.18(0.05)

皮膚

表 14. 臉部不同部位表皮水分測量,上、下午值之相關性與成對 t 檢定

位置 (n = 15) 相關(顯著機率) t 值(顯著機率)

1 0.95 (<0.001)** -1.22 (0.24)

2R 0.74 (0.002)** 0.85 (0.41)

2L 0.75 (0.001)** -1.78 (0.10)

3R 0.91 (<0.001)** 0.34 (0.74) 3L 0.86 (<0.001)** -0.54 (0.60)

4R 0.73 (0.002)** -1.17 (0.26)

4L 0.71 (0.003)** -0.28 (0.78)

5R 0.84 (<0.001)** -2.66 (0.20)

5L 0.71 (0.003)** -1.06 (0.31).

6 0.90 (<0.001)** -0.03 (0.98) 7 0.94 (<0.001)** 0.02 (0.99)

* 表 P<0.05, 顯著

* *表 P<0.01, 顯著

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

表 15. 臉部不同部位經皮水分散失測量,上、下午值之相關與成對 t 檢定

* 表 P<0.05, 顯著

** 表 P<0.01, 顯著

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

位置 (n = 15) 相關(顯著機率) t 值(顯著機率)

1 0.55 (0.03)* -1.32 (0.21)

2R 0.73 (0.002)** -1.15 (0.27)

2L 0.87 (<0.001)** 1.13 (0.28) 3R 0.93 (<0.001)** -0.61 (0.55) 3L 0.91 (<0.001)** 0.82 (0.43) 4R 0.92 (<0.001)** 3.03 (0.10) 4L 0.98 (<0.001)** -1.19 (0.26) 5R 0.96 (<0.001)** 2.70 (0.02) 5L 0.95 (<0.001)** 1.10 (0.29) 6 0.87 (<0.001)** 1.63 (0.13) 7 0.91 (<0.001)** 1.70 (0.11)

表 16. 臉部不同部位皮脂量測量,上、下午值之相關性與成對 t 檢定

* 表 P<0.05, 顯著

** 表 P<0.01, 顯著

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

位置 (n = 15) 相關(顯著機率) t 值(顯著機率) 1 0.88 (<0.001)** -2.43 (0.03)*

2R 0.84 (<0.001)** -3.90 (0.002)**

2L 0.81 (<0.001)** -3.68 (0.002)**

3R 0.94 (<0.001)** -4.92 (<0.001)**

3L 0.99 (<0.001)** -5.84 (<0.001)**

4R 0.95 (<0.001)** -6.58 (<0.001)**

4L 0.96 (<0.001)** -3.90 (0.002)**

5R 0.95 (<0.001)** -4.34 (0.001)**

5L 0.90 (<0.001)** -3.18 (0.007)**

6 0.88 (<0.001)** -2.02 (0.06)

7 0.34 (0.22) -0.17 (0.87)

表 17. 臉部不同部位酸鹼值測量,上、下午值之相關性與成對 t 檢定

位置 (n = 15) 相關(顯著機率) t 值(顯著機率)

1 0.80 (<0.001)** 4.48 (0.001)**

2R 0.77 (0.001)** 5.13 (<0.001)**

2L 0.83 (<0.001)** 5.24 (<0.001)**

3R 0.60 (0.02)* 7.19 (<0.001)**

3L 0.38 (0.02)* 3.88 (0.002)**

4R 0.61 (0.02)* 7.12 (<0.001)**

4L 0.69 (0.004)** 9.09 (<0.001)**

5R 0.84 (<0.001)** 6.17 (<0.001)**

5L 0.92 (<0.001)** 6.72 (<0.001)**

6 0.68 (0.005)** 3.43 (0.004)**

7 0.84 (<0.001)** 5.13 (<0.001)**

* 表 P<0.05, 顯著

** 表 P<0.01, 顯著

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

表 18. 臉部不同部位三天間,表皮水分測量之重覆量數單因子 ANOVA 檢定

上午測量值 下午測量值

位置

(n = 15) F 值 (顯著機率) F 值 (顯著機率)

1

1.97 (0.17) 0.61 (0.55)

2R

4.50 (0.03) 1.10 (0.35)

2L

0.56 (0.49) 0.14 (0.83)

3R

1.80 (0.20) 0.28 (0.70)

3L

0.23 (0.75) 3.40 (0.06)

4R

0.14 (0.84) 0.66 (0.47)

4L

0.17 (0.76) 3.44 (0.06)

5R

0.49 (0.55) 1.23 (0.31)

5L

0.85 (0.43) 2.11 (0.14)

6

0.67 (0.49) 0.30 (0.73)

7

0.61 (0.56) 0.01 (0.99)

*

表 P<0.05, 顯著

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

表 19. 臉部不同部位三天間,經皮水分散失測量之重覆量數單因子 ANOVA 檢定

上午測量值 下午測量值

位置

(n = 15) F 值 (顯著機率) F 值 (顯著機率)

1

0.54 (0.54) 0.47 (0.61)

2R

1.25 (0.30) 0.28 (0.71)

2L

1.01 (0.37) 1.72 (0.21)

3R

2.09 (0.16) 2.79 (0.10)

3L

1.95 (0.18) 1.71 (0.20)

4R

0.58 (0.51) 1.16 (0.32)

4L

0.65 (0.51) 3.36 (0.06)

5R

0.41 (0.62) 0.40 (0.64)

5L

0.76 (0.46) 0.12 (0.79)

6

2.01 (0.16) 1.14 (0.32)

7

0.40 (0.59) 0.28 (0.69)

* 表 P<0.05, 顯著

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

表 20. 臉部不同部位三天間,皮脂量測量之重覆量數單因子 ANOVA 檢定

上午測量值 下午測量值

位置

(n = 15) F 值 (顯著機率) F 值 (顯著機率)

1

1.29 (0.29) 0.39 (0.66)

2R

4.75 (0.02)* 2.26 (0.13)

2L

4.34 (0.03)* 3.17 (0.06)

3R

4.53 (0.04)* 0.28 (0.68)

3L

8.01 (0.005)** 0.29 (0.73)

4R

8.08 (0.004)** 0.16 (0.81)

4L

0.54 (0.58) 0.43 (0.62)

5R

1.74 (0.20) 0.96 (0.37)

5L

2.99 (0.68) 1.73 (0.21)

6

0.14 (0.82) 0.01 (0.38)

7

0.95 (0.38) 1.72 (0.21)

**在顯著水準為 0.01 時,相關性顯著。

* 在顯著水準為 0.05 時,相關性顯著。

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

表 21.. 臉部不同部位三天間,酸鹼值測量之重覆量數單因子 ANOVA 檢定

上午測量值 下午測量值

位置

(n = 15) F 值 (顯著機率) F 值 (顯著機率)

1

0.83 (0.41) 0.87 (0.43)

2R

1.04 (0.34) 1.04 (0.36)

2L

0.76 (0.42) 2.58 (0.12)

3R

0.24 (0.73) 5.21 (0.02)

3L

0.07 (0.88) 0.03 (0.92)

4R

0.05 (0.93) 3.94 (0.04)*

4L

0.06 (0.99) 1.31 (0.28)

5R

0.05 (0.92) 0.82 (0.43)

5L

0.07 (0.91) 1.66 (0.22)

6

0.83 (0.39) 1.54 (0.24)

7

0.79 (0.32) 2.34 (0.12)

* 表 P<0.05, 顯著

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

\\

表 22. .臉部不同部位表皮水分測量值(三天平均值)的 Pearson 積差相關

2R

0.85**

2 L

0.79** 0.85**

3 R

0.35 -0.06 -0.03

N=15

3 L

0.20 -0.16 -0.27 0.87**

4 R

0.30 -0.08 0.18 0.71** 0.64*

4 L

0.10 -0.25 0.27 0.58* 0.79** 0.67**

5 R

0.44 0.18 -0.03 0.70** 0.85** 0.47 0.68**

5 L

0.25 -0.07 -0.21 0.79** 0.91** 0.49 0.76** 0.88**

6

0.29 -0.01 0.05 0.63* 0.62* 0.73** 0.60* 0.51 0.57

7

0.58* 0.40 0.30 0.62* 0.58* 0.37 0.28 0.59* 0.61* 0.29

位置 1 2 R 2 L 3 R 3 L 4 R 4 L 5 R 5 L 6

**在顯著水準為 0.01 時,相關性顯著。

* 在顯著水準為 0.05 時,相關性顯著。

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點 6.下巴中央點;7.前臂屈側離腕部皮膚皺褶近心端 12 公分的內側區

表 23.. 臉部不同部位經皮水分散失測量值(三天平均值)的 Pearson 積差相關

2 R 0.90**

2 L 0.70** 0.86**

3 R 0.25 0.07 -0.03

N=15

3 L -0.08 -0.16 -0.04 0.85**

4 R 0.30 0.17 0.05 0.93** 0.77**

4 L 0.18 0.10 0.17 0.84** 0.87** 0.85**

5 R 0.23 0.05 0.06 0.91** 0.87** 0.88** 0.89

5 L 0.05 -0.06 0.08 0.79** 0.90** 0.78** 0.91 0.94**

6 -0.03 -0.25 -0.05 0.42 0.57* 0.52 0.45 0.60** 0.72**

7 -0.22 -0.18 -0.16 -0.40 -0.38 -0.37 -0.50 -0.48 -0.42 -0.18

位置

1 2 R 2 L 3 R 3 L 4 R 4 L 5 R 5 L 6

**在顯著水準為 0.01 時,相關性顯著。

* 在顯著水準為 0.05 時,相關性顯著。

1.前額中央點;2R.右側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;2L.左側正上神經上方與 1 同水平線效點;

3R.右顴骨中心點;3L.左顴骨中心點;4R.右頰中心點;4L.左頰中心點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點

5R.右側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點;5L 左側嚼肌內緣與閉合上下唇間線延長的交會點

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