第五章 結論與建議
第二節 研究限制與研究建議
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第二節 研究限制與研究建議
本研究於蒐集資料及設計實證模型時，無法將部分外在因素加以排除，故於以下 列示說明本研究之相關限制：
一、本研究所蒐集之關係人交易資料是根據財務報表已揭露資訊為主，若公司於 財務報表上隱匿關係人交易資料，則無法掌握未揭露之關係人及其交易項目 與被低估之關係人交易金額。
二、本研究在判斷關係人交易中由相同會計師查核與由不同會計師查核之金額 時，無法取得未公開發行公司之關係人其查核會計師事務所之資訊，因此在 原始分析中一律視為與受查公司之會計師不同，此誤差可能低估二者間實際 之關聯性。
三、本研究在計算產業專家變數時，衡量標的僅使用整體會計師事務所層級，未 進一步延伸到簽證會計師層級，可能跟實際情況不符，對整體結果造成影響。
本研究對於未來研究提供以下的建議。首先，本研究在判斷關係人交易中由相同 會計師查核與由不同會計師查核之金額時，無法取得未公開發行公司之關係人其查核 會計師事務所之資訊，未來研究若可取得未公開發行公司及其他未上市、上櫃公司之 查核會計師事務所之資訊並進一步探討相同會計師查核關係人交易之雙方與盈餘品 質認知的關係，期望將可獲得更穩健的結果。第二，本研究僅分析關係人交易雙方由 相同會計師查核之關係人銷貨交易、關係人進貨交易、關係人應收款與關係人應付款 等四項類別對盈餘品質認知之影響，其他類別之關係人交易如背書保證、財產交易與 借貸等因為性質較不相同且資訊較少，並未納入本研究之樣本中，未來可進一步探討 其他關係人交易類別。第三，本研究之產業專家變數係以事務所層級分析，未來可延 伸至個人層級衡量，分析不同層級之產業專家會計師所具備的會計師品質，對於相同 會計師查核關係人交易之雙方與盈餘品質認知的影響。
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附錄
附錄 A 關係人交易歷年發生情形
表 A-1 歷年一般產業上市櫃公司平均關係人交易發生比例 年度
銷貨交易 進貨交易 應收款 應付款
家數 比例(%) 家數 比例(%) 家數 比例(%) 家數 比例(%) 總家數
2000 772 66.32 674 57.90 717 61.60 623 53.52 1164 2001 820 68.28 696 57.95 779 64.86 624 51.96 1201 2002 823 69.80 706 59.88 772 65.48 639 54.20 1237 2003 860 71.02 738 60.94 795 65.65 670 55.33 1267 2004 882 71.01 747 60.14 816 65.70 700 56.36 1293 2005 781 59.62 665 50.76 723 55.23 618 47.21 1325 2006 800 59.26 688 50.96 711 52.74 652 48.37 1366 2007 815 59.71 723 53.01 724 53.16 671 49.27 1408 2008 843 59.32 756 53.28 744 52.51 676 47.71 1447 2009 856 59.61 746 51.95 767 53.45 691 48.15 1455 2010 868 59.74 778 53.54 758 52.20 691 47.59 1469 2011 858 59.62 756 52.54 745 51.77 662 46.00 1473 2012 892 59.67 774 51.77 766 51.24 678 45.35 1522 2013 886 59.19 770 51.44 768 51.30 700 46.76 1523
平均 840 62.40 54.72 56.92 46.52
註：本研究根據台灣經濟新報一般產業(合併)資料庫所提供的關係人交易資料，自行整理 2000 年至 2013 年一般 產業中上市櫃公司各年關係人交易發生比例，將關係人交易分為關係人銷貨交易、關係人進貨交易、關係人應收 款與關係人應付款等類別。計算方式以銷貨交易為例，係將有發生關係人銷貨交易之上市櫃公司家數除以上市櫃 公司總家數。
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表 A-2 歷年一般產業上市櫃公司關係人交易金額成長率 年度
銷貨交易 進貨交易 應收款 應付款
金額 成長率(%) 金額 成長率(%) 金額 成長率(%) 金額 成長率(%)
2000 517 446 107 71
2001 538 4% 516 16% 105 -2% 78 11%
2002 675 31% 593 33% 139 30% 100 41%
2003 821 59% 748 68% 158 47% 129 83%
2004 1064 106% 988 121% 185 72% 143 102%
2005 1013 96% 965 116% 166 55% 144 103%
2006 1035 100% 1059 137% 176 63% 158 124%
2007 1324 156% 1264 183% 229 114% 204 189%
2008 1674 224% 1416 217% 192 78% 162 129%
2009 1632 216% 1619 263% 267 148% 232 228%
2010 1879 263% 1901 326% 275 156% 245 247%
2011 1786 245% 1846 314% 259 141% 248 251%
2012 1744 237% 1766 296% 269 150% 234 231%
2013 1630 215% 1513 239% 247 130% 213 201%
註：本研究根據台灣經濟新報一般產業(合併)資料庫所提供的關係人交易資料，自行整理自 2000 年至 2013 年 一般產業上市櫃公司各年之關係人交易(單位：十億元)，將關係人交易分成關係人銷貨交易、關係人進貨交易、
關係人應收款與關係人應付款四種類別，並以 2000 年為基準，計算各類關係人交易之成長率。
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參考文獻
中文文獻
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沈中華與李建然，2000，事件研究法─財務與會計實證研究必備，華泰文化事業公司。
邱垂昌與黃秀姿，2006，自願設立獨立董事、關係人交易與公司價值關聯性之研究：
代理理論與訊號發射理論之比較，Asian Journal of Management and Humanity
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張瑞當、方俊儒與沈文華，2008，集團企業是否委託同一會計師事務所查核財務報表 對其盈餘管理行為之影響，管理評論，第 27 卷，第 2 期：29-52。
許智順、簡俱揚、黃媺婷與陳燕錫，2012，產業專家會計師事務所對關係人交易之影 響，商管科技季刊，第 13 卷，第 2 期：99-129。
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