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本研究經過現地菌種採樣分析、自然氣候及控制氣候條件下之黴菌生長實驗後,綜 合上述實驗結果與討論,分成上述三個部分歸納出以下幾點結論:

一、現地菌種採樣分析

1、 本研究於現地菌種採樣分析中,亦發現不少菌種與前人研究室內建築環境中常見之 黴菌種類相同,如:Aspergillus sp.以及 Cladosporium sp.,可證明本研究此次現地採 樣之菌種確實常見於室內環境建築環境之中;在採樣區現地表面水分含量為2.1%、

環境相對濕度約為82%及溫度約為 25℃之室內空間環境發現到 Aspergillus sp.菌 種,而表面水分含量為10%至 15%、環境相對濕度約 78%及溫度約 25℃之室內空 間環境容易發現到Cladosporium sp.菌種。

2、 在此次現地採樣分析中也發現到 Stachybotrys sp.,由於此菌種於國外曾引起嚴重之 呼吸道疾病影響,故許多國外空氣品質評估指標皆把此菌種列為重要之評估項目之 一,雖其生長緩慢且環境條件較為嚴苛,其最低生長曲線範圍為溫度25℃、環境相 對濕度須為95%以上(Clarke et al. 1999),但因台灣地區氣候高溫潮濕,亦屬此菌 種喜好生長之氣候條件,故仍須多加注意此菌種於我國室內空氣品質之規範以及評 估。

3、 現地採樣分析中亦發現本次所選擇之採樣區域(本採樣區域地點為國立宜蘭大學之 校區室內建築),採樣之菌種大多有集中發現於某棟建築物室內空間之情形,且各 採樣點每次所發現之黴菌種類多屬單一菌種。

二、自然氣候條件下之室內建築材料黴菌生長

1、 於自然氣候條件下黴菌生長實驗中發現,本實驗是以自然氣候條件下於建築物地下 室內空間進行黴菌生長實驗,於試體表面進行菌種孢子數採樣分析,各組試體於不 同表面水分狀態下,僅表面水分含量最低及最高之試體表面,其黴菌孢子數與環境 相對濕度較有相關性(1 號試體 r 值為 0.61,6 號試體 r 值為 0.68),其餘各組試體 試體表面水分與黴菌生長孢子數之相關性都不高(r 值大約都<0.60)。

2、 在自然氣候條件下,本實驗所選用的室內建築常用之混凝土材料(水泥砂漿試體),

在不同試體表面,其材料表面水分含量經無因次化後隨時間之變化相當一致,且會 隨著環境相對濕度改變而有著高度的正相關性(各試體r 值皆>0.9),但試體表面 水分含量與環境相對濕度之改變會有一段延遲時間,亦即當環境相對濕度開始下降 時,試體表面水分含量之下降情況會較環境相對濕度下降情況來得晚,本實驗之數 據經整理分析後,求得此延遲時間大約為20 天。

三、控制氣候條件下之室內建築材料黴菌生長

1、 試體表面水分較低之試體其表面黴菌初始生長週次較早(第 1 組試體之平均黴菌初 始生長週次約為7.8 週);而試體表面水分較高之試體其表面黴菌初始生長週次較晚

(第4 組試體之平均黴菌初始生長週次約為 9 週)。

2、 本實驗係於可控制之氣候條件下進行實驗,其中各組試體之表面水分與環境相對濕 度的關係,在試體表面水分經無因次化後,兩者呈現高度的正相關性,所有試體無 因次化後之表面水分與環境相對濕度之相關性r 值為 0.94,顯見本實驗選用之混凝 土(水泥砂漿)材料表面之水分狀態會隨著環境相對濕度而改變,經過數值迴歸後 所得出兩者之轉換關係方程式如5.3.3 節之式(5)。

3、 本實驗利用 Ritschkoff et al.(2000)之實驗數據資料建立一組模擬黴菌初始生長週 次方程(5.3.3 節之式(1)、式(2)),將之再予以整理合併為一通用方程組(5.3.3 節之式(6)),此為本研究用來模擬室內建築常用之混凝土材料黴菌生長之通用方 程組。利用本實驗所得到之試體表面水分與環境相對濕度之轉換方程式,將本研究 選用之影響混凝土材料表面黴菌生長因子─試體表面水分,合併至模擬黴菌生長初 始週次之通用方程組,透過模擬值與實驗值之分析比較發現,本數值模擬通用方程 組於中濕試體及高濕試體之模擬值與實驗值在模擬時間週次上較為接近,唯高濕試 體之表面水分實驗值較模擬值低。

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