• 沒有找到結果。

7.1 結論

本研究為了建構一適用於網路化控制系統之估測器,對網路與受控系統建立了以機 率為基礎之模型。其中使用馬可夫鏈變數描述資訊封包送出後在網路內之傳遞情況變 化,並且此描述本身對網路之最大延遲時間並無限制,在每個時間點,封包資訊之可能 變化各使用一個參數來描述。並且,將受控系統依其系統與觀測雜訊描述成複合的高斯 分布。

基於此模型方式,因粒子濾波器方法是一個以機率期望值為基礎發展之估測方法,

故以此法為基礎,將網路與受控系統模型結合入其演算法中,得到一個適用於網路化控 制系統的粒子濾波器。

本研究亦應用粒子濾波器方法中廣為使用的重新取樣、正規化方法於此估測中做為 改良。並從一般常見之 Bootstrap Filer 方法改為使用與現有之觀測有關之重要性取樣方 式,以及對權重更新公式做修改,減少計算需求以及使用之記憶空間,進而使得此演算 法在同等計算力的情況下能獲得更好的效果。

依本研究對系統架構之假設,設想一加熱裝置情境,依此進行模擬與實驗,對不同 長度之延遲時間獲得較傳統無考慮資訊延遲之卡曼濾波器為穩定之估測效果。進而說明 對網路化控制系統設計對應之估測器是有其使用之意義與一定程度之成效。

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7.2 未來工作

在本研究中對網路資訊傳輸之參數依實際可能狀況設定有三個值,分別為接收、延 遲與遺失,然而目前在進行狀態估測時,對應於封包遺失之轉移機率對狀態估測沒有影 響,因此未來可以考慮簡化網路模型之設定,或者探索封包遺失機率在其他網路化控制 系統之應用的可行性。

由於本研究並無做控制,因而無考慮控制端亦連接網路之情形,若在控制端加入網 路時,由於無法即時得知控制命令是否送達、其延遲之時間,可將其資訊透過觀測端線 路送出,估測器尚未得知此訊息時可利用網路機率模型做預估,在得到此資訊後則可應 用本論文所提出之演算法進行狀態估測。

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