第五章、 討論
第三節、 結論
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進行測量，因此仍無法真正地確定光照是透過晝夜節律還是恆定系統來影響後續 睡眠。
最後，除了沒有進行褪黑激素濃度或核心體溫的測量外，本研究尚有下列的 限制以及後續相關研究可以改善的地方：首先，本實驗安排參與者照光時所進行 的活動是紙牌或棋類遊戲，但現代人的夜生活裡，除了室內燈外，常常同時又接 觸電視或電腦螢幕等其他光源，因此實驗的結果未必可以類推到同時接觸其他光 源的活動。另外，本研究的參與者皆為完全無睡眠困擾者，當對象有入睡或淺眠 等問題時，不一定可以獲得相同的研究結果。這點也是後續研究可以探討的地 方，睡前低色溫的光源是否對上述睡眠困擾者的問題有所幫助
第三節、結論
本研究改善過去光照實驗在外在效度上的限制，使實驗情境更貼近日常生活 的狀況，但仍可獲得與過去研究類似的結果。高色溫光源與低色溫光源相比，會 降低參與者睡前的嗜睡程度、增加入睡時間以及減少前半夜的深睡。另外，本實 驗將室內燈強度的高低兩色溫光源和亮度極低的弱光情境進行比較，結果發現一 般室內燈強度的光源，會讓參與者在睡前變得較為清醒、有較長的入睡時間以及 較短的深睡期。值得注意的是本實驗的結果中，3000K 與弱光情境在所有的變項 上都沒有出現差異，此與原本的研究假設不符。因此本研究中室內燈強度光源對 睡眠的影響，僅限於高色溫的燈光，當低色溫的燈光與弱光相比，並不會讓參與 者在睡前變得較為清醒或是影響後續的睡眠。
基於上述的結果，雖然一般室內燈強度的光源會影響後續的睡眠，但我們 並不建議入夜後讓屋內維持弱光的狀態，因為此亮度不足的狀況，可能會讓人們 無法從事許多活動，所以取而代之的是改用低色溫的偏黃燈光。一般室內燈亮度
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的低色溫光源可提供足夠的亮度讓人們從事許多活動，同時又不至於影響到後續 的睡眠。
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附錄一
卡羅連斯加嗜睡量表（KSS）
以下所列是針對一般人精神狀態的描述。請您詳細閱讀以下之描述，然後圈選出 一個最符合您現在狀態的描述。
1. 極度警覺（Extremely alert）
2. 很警覺（Very alert）
3. 警覺（Alert）
4. 有一點警覺（Rather alert）
5. 既不警覺但也不想睡（Neither alert nor sleepy）
6. 有一些睡意（Some signs of sleepiness）
7. 想睡，但不需特別去努力維持清醒（Sleepy, but no effort to keep awake）
8. 想睡，需要花費一些努力去維持清醒（Sleepy, some effort to keep awake）
9. 非常想睡，需非常努力維持清醒，對抗睡意（Very sleepy, great effort to keep awake, fighting sleep）