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Chapter 7: Conclusion
It appears that the study of trolls is still quite premature in academic discourse, though their presence can be felt in increasing force and their effects more pronounced than ever. As of writing this section, the President of the United States recently joined Twitter on May 18, 2015 and has since received a string of racist and vitriolic comments – a clear demonstration that no one is immune from the negativity of the internet. Trolls represent one aspect of the internet’s propensity for negativity and hate, which as most experts have pointed, is fueled by anonymity. There have been several academic attempts to study trolls according to their specific environments since there are many subsets, and this study has made it a point to include YouTube as one of these platforms in which trolls may be observed and studied.
In the past decade, YouTube has established itself as the premier video sharing website of the modern world and has intertwined together a truly global community of users. YouTube, just like all other platforms on the internet, are also rife with trolls and this study aimed to further elucidate the motivations and practices of trolls that plague YouTube, specifically. As proposed by Hardaker’s (2010) study on trolls in asynchronous CMC settings, YouTube trolls similarly expressed traits of ‘deception,’ ‘aggression,’ ‘disruption’ and
‘success,’ to varying degrees. Aggression, common in all trolls, was found to have been the most successful method for trolls given its ability to attract attention, elicit negative emotions and spur responses from community members. Furthermore, resentment,
unmentioned in Hardaker’s study, was discovered as an additional characteristic of YouTube trolls, especially in the unique context of PewDiePie who many trolls felt branded as an overhyped YouTuber who is playing to a large group of overbearing and juvenile fans, similar to the Sierra’s (2014) “Kool-‐Aid” hypothesis. When analyzing the discriminatory
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sentiments of trolls, there was underwhelming evidence to back up this claim observed by other researchers but PewDiePie’s identity as a white male and the demographic of his fanbase might also have been a factor in offsetting this discriminatory aspect of trolls.
Several trolls also exhibited shifts in character and behavior when they were not in
“troll mode.” For example, MLG POTATO and Babywannabe portrayed much more reasonable and “humane” versions of themselves on their own profile pages, contrasting greatly from their exaggerated demeanors during trollish escapades on PewDiePie’s videos.
At one point, Babywannabe even expressed remorse for his offensive character -‐ something that would never have been expected if one were to base their judgments solely on the posts made on PewDiePie’s video. These small details reveals somewhat the fragility and humanness of trolls that they try so hard to hide.
Drawing to an end, we are once again revisited by the fundamental question raised in the beginning of this study, “What are trolls?” The findings presented, actually lend further credence towards the notion of online trolls as elusive and enigmatic characters.
Investigating select trolls brought to light revelations about trolls as unique individuals, which differed in characteristics even though they were trolling on the same platform. Some trolls such as Erim Aydinalp and Babywannabe represented the extreme sides of trolling, as they exhibited aggressive characteristics in order to rile up others. Leaning towards the tamer end of the trolling spectrum, trolls such as jelena jankovic and MLG POTATO exhibited more disruptive behaviors in order to lead community members into a spiral of
unproductive discussion. Located somewhere in the center were trolls like Jeenius Foo who used a balance of aggressive-‐disruptive techniques in order to achieve lulz. It may be useful for future research to investigate trolls on a continuum in terms of characteristics
(aggressive to disruptive) or severity (mischief to sociopathic).
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Though trolls cannot simply be broadly categorized in simple terms such as “trouble-‐
makers” or “criminals,” it is concluded that the common denominator of all trolls, at least in those observed through this study, is that they all revel in “lulz,” seeking to elicit negative emotional reactions in online others for their own entertainment, joy and satisfaction.
Therefore, the findings of this study are consistent with those of previous scholars who have noted that the primary motivation for many trolls is in fact the lulz. This is illustrated
through the explicit expression of ‘success,’ the use of other various tactics in order to maximize their effectiveness in provoking and distressing others, and a pattern of trolling habits as exhibited by some trolls. It is therefore concluded that many trolls simply do what they do because they enjoy evoking negative emotions in others for their own joy and entertainment, much like sadists.
There is still much to be learned about trolls on YouTube and across many other platforms. Hopefully, this study on YouTube trolls may open further avenues for research on trolls and other anti-‐social deviants in computer-‐mediated-‐communication avenues. Such research may pave the way for online platforms such as YouTube and its users in developing solutions that may not be able to completely cure, but may assist in managing troll
populations which are becoming more and more apparent as humanity travels deeper yet into the realm of digital communication practices and lifestyles.
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