Note. Coefficient= 0.3930; P-value=0.0000 in simple regression Chart 4-34 Educational difference of question B9
After all, we run the simple regression of the variable “age” and there is significant proof of the difference among different ages under α=5% level since the p-value is 0.0442. However, follow by the coefficient= 0.0463, we could say that older people tend to consider Xi JinPing’s policies are innovative more than younger people.
10) Xi JinPing is open to new ideas/approaches in order to solve problems.
The statistical result shows there is significant evidence of the difference between gender and among different educational level under α=0.1% level in terms of whether people thinks Xi JinPing is open to new ideas/approaches in order to solve problems. Fe
Note. P-value=0.00000 in T-test H0:diff=0;.
Chart 4-35 Gender difference of question B10
2.263
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Additionally, female would agree more than male and people with higher educational level would be more likely to think Xi JinPing is open to new ideas/approaches in order to solve problems.
Note. Coefficient= 0.3483; P-value=0.001 in simple regression Chart 4-36 Educational difference of question B10
Simple regression in table 4-10 shows that the age has significant effect on it under α=5%
level since p-value=0.042. The coefficient is positive(0.0503) means that older people would tend to think Xi JinPing is open to new ideas/approaches in order to solve problems.
11) Xi JinPing is critical regarding mistakes of his administrative officers in public.
The histogram bar chart shows that in average Chinese young female(3.946) agree think Xi JinPing is critical regarding mistakes of his administrative officers in public more than Chinese young male do(3.482), and it is significant under α=0.1% level. In addition, educational level has obvious effect on the agreement of Xi JinPing is critical regarding mistakes of his administrative officers in public under α=0.05% level, the lowest level(under bachelor degree) present a low score of agreement, which is 29.48% lower than people with doctoral degree.
2.211
3.504 3.683 3.72
0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000
under Bachelor Bachelor Master Ph.D
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Note. P-value=0.0010 in T-test H0:diff=0;.
Chart 4-37 Gender difference of question B11
Note. Coefficient= 0.2880; P-value=0.002 in simple regression Chart 4-38 Educational difference of question B11
However, in the single regression, the independent variable ”age” shows no significant effect on Xi JinPing is critical regarding mistakes of his administrative officers in public underα=1% level since P-value= 0.336 is greater than 0.01.
3.946
3.482
0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000
Female Male
2.526
3.764 3.779 4
0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000
under Bachelor Bachelor Master Ph.D
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followers in Robert’s followership model, effective and alienated followers show negative perspective of Xi; however, Yes-people and sheep followers show positive perspective of Xi. In the other words, first four of the hypothesis are significant proofed under α=0.1% level, we could say that people who are independent/ with critical thinking would have worse perception of the leader; i.e., people who are dependent/ with uncritical thinking would have better perception of the leader.Table 4-11 Perspective of Xi of four types of followers Effective
Followers Yes-People
Followers Alienated
Followers Sheep Followers
Perception of Xi
- + - +
In terms of the relation between leadership and followership, four types of followers are statistical significantly effecting the perception of the leader. “Effective Followers” and
“Alienated Followers” would tend to have negative perception of the leader compares to others;
on the contrary; “Yes-People” and “Sheep Followers” would consider Xi in more positive perception. Therefore we have the conclusion that followership do effect the perception of the leadership. In the other words, the personality of the follower do effects how people consider leader is. When we compare the gender, educational level, and age of four types of followers, we observed that it is significant “Yes-People” and “Sheep Followers” are more likely to be female and “Effective Followers” and “Alienated Followers” are usually male. Moreover, “Yes-People”
and “Sheep Followers” are more likely to be the people with higher educational level.
For the hypothesis 5, 6, and 7, the research analyzes the political consciousness of the Chinese young people and observes the differences among different groups. The result of hypothesis 5 shows that the independent variable “age” always has negative effect on the open-minded of politics in three regressions, which means young people would be more open-open-minded, and the result is significant. Secondly, the hypothesis 6 shows that educational level has positive effect on political consciousness in the multiple regressions under α=5% level, which means people with higher educational level would have higher political consciousness than people with
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lower educational level. Lastly, the result of hypothesis 7 shows that gender is always significantly effect on the political consciousness in three regressions under α=1% level, which means male would have higher political consciousness than female. In conclusion, Male, younger people, and people with higher educational level would have higher political consciousness.
The research results demonstrate that the political attitudes of the youth are mostly different between two genders but less different among educational level and age. Moreover, according to the hypothesis results we have the significant proof that Younger people would be more open mind in terms of politics than the elder, people with higher educational level would have higher political consciousness than people with lower educational level, and male would have higher political consciousness than female.
The result findings suggest most Chinese students are satisfied with President Xi Jinping’s overall performance as a leader, and rather contended with his policies. Despite the fact that some respondents were reluctant to fill out survey as they considered the questions to be quite sensitive, most Chinese student's showed interest in the survey and eagerly participated.
The results reveal that most of the respondents consider President Xi Jinping to be a transformational leader, with bold, charismatic and trustworthy personality. This indicates that Chinese president is effectively using policy tools and being a leader of world’s largest population, enjoys the support of majority of his followers. Under Xi’s leadership China is emerging as a new political and economic power, while maintaining the rule of law, patriotism, dedication, and honesty under the banner of “Socialism core value”. In the eyes of Chinese students, Xi Jinping not only remains committed to the development of country but also adhere to legitimacy and longevity.
Xi’s governance is not only abiding the rule of law to meet China’s current needs, but also sustaining the country’s overall development and delivering improved living conditions to the ordinary citizens, which legitimize his position as a transformational leader and increasing support from his followers.
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56 References
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4. 习近平是值得崇拜的 5. 习近平是激励中国人的
6. 习近平对中国的进步激发热情 7. 习近平展示了中国人目标的承诺 8. 习近平是中国政治和经济的权威 9. 习近平的政策是创新的
10. 习近平对解决问题的新想法/方法是开放的 11. 习近平对他的行政人员犯错是很严苛的
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
极度不同意 不同意 没意见 同意 极度同意
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1) How interested are you in politics of China?
Not at all interested Somewhat interested Interested Very Interested Extremely interested
2) How influential have your friends and family been in your perception about Xi Jinping?
Not at all influential Slightly influential Somewhat influential Very influential Extremely influential
3) How frequently have you criticized Xi Jinping’s decisions either publicly or privately?
Never Rarely Occasionally Moderate amount A great deal
4) Do you agree with all the decisions of Xi Jinping?
Strongly disagree Disagree Neither agree or disagree Agree Strongly agree
5) Have you ever found that Xi Jinping is wrong?
Never Rarely Occasionally Moderate amount Mostly
6) How frequently have you taken any initiative to change the way things are?
Never Rarely Occasionally Moderate amount A great deal
7) How frequently do you report your problems to the concerned authorities to change the way things are?
Never Occasionally Moderate amount Frequently Very frequently
8) How concerned do you feel about China’s Future?
Not at all
concerned Slightly concerned Somewhat concerned Moderately
concerned Extremely concerned
Part B
1) The leadership of Xi JinPing is ethical.
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
a. 2) Xi JinPing can be trusted for the progress of China.
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
b. 3) Xi JinPing personality is respectable.
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
c. 4) Xi JinPing is admirable.
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
d. 5) Xi JinPing motivates Chinese People.
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
e. 6) Xi JinPing inspire enthusiasm for the progress of China
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
7) Xi JinPing demonstrate commitment to goals of Chinese people.
Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
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disagree
8) Xi JinPing is an authority in Chinese politics and economy Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree 9) Xi JinPing’s policies are innovative.
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
a. 10) Xi JinPing is open to new ideas/approaches in order to solve problems.
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
11) Xi JinPing is critical regarding mistakes of his administrative officers in public.
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree