Main Suggestions

According to the study carried out, the suggestions and immediate and long-term recommendations were given as following:

Suggestion 1:

Immediate recommendations: Establish exterior wall tile adhesive build construction specifications on site.

Executive institution: Public Construction Commission, Executive Yuan

Cooperative institution: Architect, Architecture, Construction, ROCǵChinese Institute of Civil & Hydraulic Engineering

At present, many casualties happened due to the exterior wall tiles fall in Taiwan. In approaching this issue, we must especially pay attention to the performance of exterior wall tile adhesive. From the exterior wall tiles fall events one can found that many reasons caused by falling tiles, including the deterioration of the substrate, construction adhesive untrue and adhesive too long. Thus, to solve the fundamental problem is not only to increase the adhesive properties of the adhesive itself, but also to make a specification for the construction method.

According to the research literature, we found that the adhesive bonding agent itself has a great impact on the external walls of tile. In addition, the tile size, weight, back groove, the surrounding environment, temperature, humidity and wind speed, and construction methods also have a significant influence on the external walls of tile.

Therefore, it is important to propose the specifications on Construction of the external walls of tile adhesive, such as construction environment (temperature and humidity), tiled properties (absorption, back groove depth and type), and construction methods (pressed completely, how long after the agent is applied within the adhesive). As a result, it could reduce adhesion failure effectively.

XVIII

Suggestion 2:

Long-term recommendation: Research on evaluation method of tile adhesive performance on site.

Executive institution: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior

Cooperative institution: Bureau of Standard, Metrology and Inspection, M.O.E.A.

This study investigate the properties of tile adhesive. However, the environment (temperature and humidity), tiled properties (absorption, back groove depth and type), and construction methods (pressed completely, how long after the agent is applied within the adhesive) have a significant influence on the tile adhesive. There is still no clear regulation to judge the tile adhesive quality and results in subsequent industrial safety accident caused by tile falling. Consequently, How to propose assessment methods and standards on properties of tile adhesive is an important and urgent issue.

In addition to investigating the properties of tile adhesive, this study is also to establish an assessment methods of cementitious tile adhesive on site. The purpose is to reduce the casualties caused by the exterior wall tile fall, save cost of reconstruction, and reduce carbon emissions and sustainable development goals. We believe if we achieve this goal, the development of tile industry will be quite profitable in domestic.

ಃ΋ക ᆣፕ

ಃ ΋ ࿯ ! ࣴ ز ጔ ଆ ᆶ ङ ඳ !

൘ǵࣴزጔଆ

ᒿ๱ғࢲࠔ፦ගܹ٠୷ܭးঅऍᢀԵໆǴౠᑄςԋࣁࡌᑐ׷਑ύόё܈લޑ

೽ϩǶฅԶࡌᑐނѦᕅౠᑄ΋ѿগပǴό໻ቹៜѱ৒ᢀᘳǴჹΓ҇ғڮӼӄϐӒ

্ҭࢂ࣬྽εޑᗦኁӵკ 1-1Ƕ߈ԃٰǴᆵ᡼ӢԴᙑࡌᑐނѦᕅౠᑄӍϯᝄख़ރ ݩККࣣࢂǴ׳මวғӢѦᕅౠᑄ௞ပᏤठΓ঩ޑ໾ΫǶ໺಍Нݝࣳዀѝబуߥ НᏊᇙԋϐௗ๱ᏊǴॸ᎞ࣳዀᆶय़ᑄङय़ྎኲ่ӝϷয়ΕϾሜ܌׎ԋϐᐒఓࠈӝ ΚǴςคݤගٮى୼ᗹ๱மࡋǴӢԜሡࣴว΋ᅿଯ܄ૈڀԖଯᗹ๱܄Ъե֎Н౗

ޑ׷਑Ǵׯ๓Ҟ߻ᆵ᡼೿཮୔ϣࡌᑐނѦᕅౠᑄগပӍϯǶ

ມǵࣴزङඳ

ᆵ᡼Տܭ๷ࡓᇯੇ݈༧کኻ٥εഌ݈༧ޑᆫӝᜐࣚǴр౜Ӧ᎜ᐒ౗ߚதᓎᕷǴ ᆵ᡼Ӧ౛Տ࿼ڙ٥዗஥਻ংቹៜǴ؂ԃޑ 6ǵ7ǵ8 Д҅ॶረ॥ଯঢ়යǴεໆޑߘ Нؑᇑஒ೷ԋౠᑄ္Ѧཞ্ǴϷౠᑄগပǴᗦᙒ๱೚ӭወӧޑӒᐒϷӒᓀǶ߈ԃ

ٰǴ൞ᡏόᘐޑӧኞൔౠᑄ௞ပઅ໾ΓޑཥᆪǴӵ୷ໜനଯነϺεኴǴౠᑄগပ અԝ 7 Ԓ஁Γ[1]ǹΓՉၰၡౠᑄᜬᛜᏤठ٬ҔΓຳॹڙ໾ǴՉ୏όБߡޑΓ׳

ࢂЬाڙ໾௼ဂǶ٩Ᏽࡌᑐݤಃ 77 చಃ 1 ໨ೕۓǺࡌᑐނ܌Ԗ៾Γǵ٬ҔΓᔈ ᆢៈࡌᑐނӝݤ٬Ҕᆶځᄬ೷Ϸ೛ഢӼӄǶ٩ࡌᑐݤಃ 95-1 చಃ΋ೕۓǺၴϸ

ಃΎΜΎచϐΒಃ΋໨܈ಃΒ໨ೕۓޣǴೀࡌᑐނ܌Ԗ៾Γǵ٬ҔΓ܈࠻ϣးঅ வ཰ޣཥᆵჾϤ࿤ϡа΢ΟΜ࿤ϡаΠᆦᗞǴ٠ज़යׯ๓܈ံᒤǴၻයϝ҂ׯ๓

܈ံᒤޣளೱុೀᆦǶऩԴᙑεኴޑѦᕅҡ׷܈ౠᑄ܈ᜪ՟ނǴ௞ပ೷ԋдΓғ ڮǵيᡏ܈଄ނ฻ϦӅӼӄϐӒᓀਔǴஒ೏ೀϤ࿤ϡа΢ϤΜ࿤ϡаΠޑᆦᗞǶ ќ߾ǴϦ൥ε༺ᆅ౛చٯಃ 56 ೕۓǺȨᐱҥࡌᑐނ܌Ԗ៾ϐᕅᏛǴаᕅϐѦጔࣁ

2

ࣚǵࡌᑐނӅҔϐᕅᏛǴаᕅᏛϐύЈࣁࣚȩǶࣁᗉխа΢௶ॊӆวғǴࡕុஒ

௖૸ӚᅿౠᑄগပวғϐচӢǶ

ᒿ๱ౠᑄᅿᜪޑόӕǴ܌ሡा٬Ҕޑౠᑄᗹ๱ᏊΨԖ܌ৡձǶᒿ๱Γ҇ჹࡌ ᑐނऍᢀޑा؃Ǵჹܭౠᑄελǵ׎ރǵᚑՅǵҔ೼Ϸሡ؃ຫٰຫቶݱǴҞ߻୯ ϣεໆ٬ҔӚᅿౠᑄᎎຠǴЪჹܭౠᑄᗹ๱܄Ϸπݤᔠෳ׳уᝄ਱ǴࣁᅈىΑа

΢ሡ؃ǴѸ໪ዴߥௗ๱Ꮚޑᛙۓ܄ǴаߥምΓ҇ӼӄǶ୯ϣౠᑄᗹ๱ᏊЬाϩࣁ ԖᐒᆶคᐒٿεᜪǴԖᐒЬाࣁᕉ਼ᐋિǴคᐒёϩࣁНݝࣳዀϷНݝԪዀٿᅿǶ வၸѐډ౜ϞǴౠᑄᕅౢғগပکᓫ຋ޑ౜ຝǴЬाচӢࣁᕉნൾӍ(Ӧ᎜ǵለ ߘᅖΕǵВᠴ)ࡼπό྽Ϸ׷਑όዴჴ٬Ҕ(ѦуᏊ)܌೷ԋǶࣁΑׯ๓ౠᑄޑᗹ๱

மࡋϷऐΦ܄ǴӢԜவׯ๓ௗ๱Ꮚ܄፦ࣁࣴزҞޑǶ

კ 1-1 ౠᑄগပ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺୖԵਜҞ[1])

ಃΒ࿯ ࣴزҞޑ

ҁीฝୖԵ࣬ᜢ୯ϣѦޑ၂ᡍБݤᆶԋ݀Ǵ೛ीଛӝКٯᇙբӚᅿНݝዀᡏ ၂ᡏǴ຾Չל܎ௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍǵබ࿼ਔ໔(open time)၂ᡍǵԏᕭ၂ᡍϷྖ౽฻၂ ᡍǴຑ՗၂ᡍ׷਑Нݝǵಒಈ਑ǵНݝ፦׷਑ǵҘ୷ᠼᆢનǵёϩණᐋિϷځд ѦуᏊჹܭౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ܄፦ޑቹៜǴ٠ᔕۓ୯ϣ፾Ҕޑ኱ྗೕጄ૛ਢǴࣴزႣය ҞޑӵΠǺ

1.༼᏾୯ϣѦౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ࣬ᜢ኱ྗ܈ೕጄǶ

2.ዴᇡόӕભձНݝ፦ౠᑄᗹ๱ࣳዀϷНݝԪዀଛКǶ 3.ुۓౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ܄ૈሡ؃ǵᔠෳᡍБԄϷϢԏ኱ྗǶ 4.ࣴᔕНݝ፦ౠᑄᗹ๱ࣳዀ܈НݝԪዀϐ኱ྗ૛ਢǶ

ಃΟ࿯ ࣴزीฝख़ा܄

ך୯୯ৎ኱ྗᆶౠᑄ࣬ᜢޑ኱ྗၨϿǴҞ߻኱ྗჹౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ܄ૈा؃Ǵ٩

ྣ CNS12611 ෳ၂܌ளޑל܎ௗ๱மࡋࣁЬǶ΋૓٬Ҕௗ๱Ꮚ߻Ǵ໪ӃΑှ٬Ҕ ޑय़ᑄᜪձӵӦय़ᑄ(Ӧय़းႬ)ǵᕅय़ᑄ(ᕅय़ϣѦ)܈଺ࣁߥៈޑ׷਑Ƕᆵ᡼٬

Ҕໆനࣁቶݱޑय़ᑄࣁౠᑄǴय़ᑄޑচ਑ԖᗹβǵҡमǵߏҡϷځѬޖለᡵᜪচ

਑Ǵ(ځЬाԋϩᆶфૈӵ߄ 1-1)[2]Ƕय़ᑄΞϩࣁഏ፦ǵҡ፦ǵϷౠ፦ΟᅿǴഏ

፦य़ᑄЬाҔܭ࠻ϣᕅᏛǴҡ፦य़ᑄҔܭ࠻ϣӦय़Ǵౠ፦य़ᑄ߾፾Ҕܭ࠻ϣѦӦ य़ϷᕅᏛ(ځ੝܄ӵ߄ 1-2)[3]Ƕ

߄ 1-1 य़ᑄচ਑Ьाԋϩᆶфૈ

׷਑ϩᜪ Ьा܄፦ ٰྍ բҔ

ᗹβ ё༟܄ ཰ᛪҡ ᔅշᏉ่

ҡम ߚё༟܄ ҡम۟ǵқޖҡ ቚமዅృࡋ ߏҡ շྋᏊচ਑ ҅ߏҡǵ້ߏҡ फ़եྕࡋ ޖለᡵᜪচ਑ ႂᛰচ਑ ߏҡǵҡम ߥៈ߄य़ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺୖԵਜҞ[2])

4

ҁي׷਑மࡋਔҭࢂౠᑄগပޑЬӢǶ 3.ᗹ๱ᐒ౛ϐϣᔈΚ

௨ନΑ׷਑ҁيࠔ፦аϷࡼπό྽ޑୢᚒǴѦΚբҔ೷ԋౠᑄکНݝࣳዀ܌

ౢғޑᡂ׎Ǵ٬ௗ๱ᏊύౢғϣᔈΚຬၸᗹ๱܄மࡋԶౢғઇᚯǴࢂౠᑄЬाগ ပޑচӢǶౠᑄ߄य़ϷጤણჹܭόӕޑᗹௗᐒڋٰࣴزǴځ่݀ᡉҢǴౠᑄ߄य़ ຫӀྖಒጏǴ຋ᕳຫ৒ܰౢғǴճҔёӆϩණᐋિᆶय़ᑄ׎ԋጤ่բҔǴቚуᗹ

๱மࡋǴё෧Ͽ຋ᕳౢғ٠ቚуᗹ่य़ᑈǶഏᑄΨё٬ҔёӆϩණᐋિǴёׯ๓

ࣳዀࢋ໧܄ϷٛЗഏᑄᎁډ܎຋Ǵՠ࣬ჹޑਏ݀ؒԖКय़ᑄٰޑӳǶࢋ܄ࣳዀబ уΑόӕКٯޑጤણǴёफ़եΑᗹ่ቸ܄ኳኧ٠ቚуځࢋ܄Ǵׯ๓Αࣳዀ୊Κௗ

๱மࡋ[6]Ƕ 4.य़ᑄ֎Н౗ቹៜ

ௗ๱Ꮚऍ୯ǵኻ࿉ϷځдӚঁ୯ৎ኱ྗύǴჹܭόӕޑᅿᜪޑௗ๱ᏊǴय़ᑄ ϐᅿᜪ֎Н౗Ϸ၂ᡍБݤԖځόӕޑा؃Ƕऍ୯୯ৎ኱ྗ ANSI118.4 ुۓόӕ֎

Н౗ϷόӕᕉნΠ܌ჹӚᅿౠᑄ୊Κமࡋޑೕጄ(ӵ߄ 1-3)[7]ǴԶኻ࿉ EN 12004 ଞჹഏᑄᕅӦௗ๱ᏊǴჹόӕౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚځ֎Н౗ϷமࡋޑϩભǴ(ӵ߄ 1-4)[8]Ƕ

6

மࡋɪ

8

ᑄคᕳሜᗹຠǴу΢ଯஏࡋҡमᑄ֎НࡋཱུեǴ٬Ҕ໺಍Нݝ܏؅ޑӦᑄຠݤǴ ᗹ๱ࡋ࣬ჹό୼Ǵ߾৒ܰౢғᛈᑄಥပǴऩૈ٬Ҕௗ๱Ꮚ଺ङຠǴёԖਏޑ෧Ͽ ᛈᑄ౜ຝ[9]Ƕଯ໢π୍ֽ಍ी᏾ঁଯ໢ѱ 16 ኴа΢ଯቫࡌᑐԖ 1213 ෂǴςֹ

ԋ߻ߎǵᡶᶘǵऴ໡ǵስξǵཥᑫ฻ 5 ୔ಃ΋໘ࢤ 893 ෂԴᙑࡌނѦᕅْࢗǴว

౜ځύ 173 ෂ೿ԖౠᑄগပǴԿϞ໻ 4 ෂѦᕅౠᑄςঅൺֹԋǶࡌᆅೀ߄ҢǴӢ ԴᙑࡌᑐѦᕅౠᑄ௞ပቹៜϦӅӼӄୢᚒǴሡமϯϦ൥ε༺ᆅ౛ᆢៈ٠ᑈཱུࢗჸǶ ߃؁ว౜গပޑ 173 ෂύǴԖ 5 ෂୢᚒၨᝄख़Ǵ٠ගᒬ҇౲ݙཀӼӄǶऩૈԖਏ ׯ๓গပୢᚒǴૈ෧ϿӢѦᕅౠᑄগပ೷ԋ໾Γ܈અ໾ً፶฻ϦӼ٣ҹǴϷ෧Ͽ ᆢៈ຤Ҕ[10]Ƕ

ᆕ΢܌ॊǴଞჹౠᑄᗹ๱ᏊऐΦ܄Ϸᗹ๱܄Ӣη຾Չ௖૸Ǵ٠ჹౠᑄᗹ๱܄

ගр׳٫ޑଛӝКٯǴёᗉխӼӄޑӒ্ᆶၗྍޑੁ຤ǶฅԶቹៜౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚύ നЬाӢηࣁ܏ӝϐషӝᏊϷࡼπݤǴࡺҁीฝᔕஒНݝࣳዀ܏ӝࡕǴ຾Չל܎

ௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍǵබ࿼ਔ໔(open time)၂ᡍǵԏᕭ၂ᡍϷྖ౽၂ᡍǴ࿶җ၂ᡍኧᏵ ϩ݋Ǵຑ՗ל܎மࡋǵබ࿼ਔ໔ǵԏᕭϷࠟࢬࡋޑቹៜǴ٠ගрന٫ׯ๓БԄ٠ ᔕۓ୯ϣౠᑄ኱ྗ૛ਢǶ

ಃѤ࿯ ࣴزࢬำ

ҁीฝӃۓကрܴዴҞޑᆶࣴزጄൎǴ೸ၸЎ᝘ᇆ໣٠༼᏾ࡕዴᇡଛКᇙբ ၂ᡏǴ຾Չל܎மࡋ၂ᡍǵබ࿼ਔ໔(open time)ᔠෳǵԏᕭ၂ᡍϷྖ౽၂ᡍǴຑ

՗ࠟࢬॶ௓ڋуНໆǴ،ۓௗ๱ᏊଛКǶࢬำӵკ 1-2Ƕ

ࣴزҞޑᆶጄൎ!

ԏ໣୯ϣѦၗ਑!

ᔕۓ၂ᡍीฝ!

၂ኬᇙբᆶᎦៈ!

༼᏾၂ᡍ่݀،ۓௗ๱ᏊଛК!

ᔕۓ୯ৎ኱ྗ૛ਢ!

ל܎ௗ๱மࡋ බ࿼ਔ໔ᔠෳ! ԏᕭ၂ᡍ! ྖ౽၂ᡍ!

კ 1-2 ࣴزࢬำ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

ಃϖ࿯ ࣴزБݤϷ຾ࡋᇥܴ

ҁीฝЬा௖૸౜Չౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ܄ૈǴӢԜӃ൩ቹៜౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ܄ૈϐচӢ

຾Չ௖૸ǴࡕុబуҘ୷ᠼᆢનǵёϩණᐋિϷځдѦуᏊܭௗ๱Ꮚύ຾Չ܎ௗ

๱மࡋ၂ᡍǵබ࿼ਔ໔Ȑopen timeȑ၂ᡍǵԏᕭ၂ᡍᆶྖ౽၂ᡍࡕǴ௖૸ځჹܭ

ௗ๱Ꮚ܄ૈޑቹៜǴ٠ගрӚ܄፦ϐϢԏೕۓǴᔕۓ୯ৎ኱ྗ૛ਢǶ᏾ঁࣴزё ϩࣁΠӈΟ໘ࢤǺ

ಃ΋೽ϩǺᇆ໣୯ϣѦჹܭౠᑄᗹ่Ꮚ࣬ᜢ၂ᡍݤᆶ܄ૈϢԏ኱ྗǶ

ಃΒ೽ϩǺ೸ၸ၂ᡍຑ՗ӚБݤܭ୯ϣϐёՉ܄Ƕ

10

ಃΒക Ў᝘ӣ៝

ಃ΋࿯ ߻ق

౜Ϟഏౠౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ೏ቶݱ٬ҔӧӚԄόӕޑӦБǴό໻ࢂଯኴѦᕅǵᎎय़ ӦᑄǵৎҔး⩰฻Ǵӧᆵ᡼ౠᑄаϷౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ٬ҔໆǴӧࡌᑐ׷਑Бय़Ψۚଯ όΠǶՠᒿ๱ԾฅࣚޑΚໆǵਔ໔ޑ௢౽аϷࡼπБԄό྽ǴஒЇᡂԋౠᑄઇᚯ ޑЬाӢનǶჹᎎय़ӦᑄԶقǴ΋૓วғӧհ዗ྕৡᡂϯཱུεޑۑ࿯ύǴЪεӭ

ࢂаࡼπБԄό྽܌೷ԋӦᑄໜଆǶӢᆵ᡼֤ပܭӦ᎜஥Տ࿼ǴϷ؂೹ 7 Д 8 Дமਗ਼ረ॥᠍ٰǴᏤठଯኴѦᕅౠᑄগပࣗࣁᝄख़Ǵ٬ౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚઇᚯਔ໔ග߻Ǵ Զ೚ӭϦӅ೛ࡼӢԐයཞᚯǴ߾Ѹ໪޸຤Кচҁ೛ۓ׳ӭޑߎᒲٰуаঅံǶ

߈൳ԃǴᆵ᡼ଯኴࡌᑐނදၹࡂសୃଯǴଯኴѦᕅคݤܢᏲԾฅΚઇᚯǴౢ

ғεໆౠᑄগပ౜ຝǴᏤठઅ໾Γαϐᖿ༈೴ԃᚹϲǴࣗԿԝΫǴ೭ஒࢂ೭ԛी

ฝ܌௖૸ख़ᗺǶ

(1)Ҟ߻ीฝख़ᗺΑှ୯Ѧ࣬ᜢೕጄϐुۓǴ௖૸୯Ѧჹܭౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ܄፦

ቹៜǴϷ࣬ᜢ኱ྗೕጄ಍ӝǴुۓ୯ৎౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ࣬ᜢ૛ਢǶ

(2)ࣴวཥࠠౠᑄᗹ๱ᏊǴᙖҗӚ໨၂ᡍٰᡍ᛾Ǵྖ౽၂ᡍǵל܎ௗ๱၂ᡍǵ ԏᕭ၂ᡍϷබ࿼ਔ໔Ǵٰ಄ӝך୯୯ৎౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚϐೕጄ૛ਢǶ

ಃΒ࿯ ཥࠠౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ܄፦௖૸

ᆶౠᑄᎎຠ࣬ᜢ׷਑Ԗௗ๱Ꮚǵ༤ᕳᏊᆶౠᑄҁيǴ೭٤׷਑ᆶౠᑄπำྵ

౪ϷӍϯԖஏόёϩϐᜢ߯Ƕ೭ԛीฝǴӃΑှ܌٬ҔӚᅿ׷਑܄፦ᡂϯǴႽН ݝǵёϩණᐋિǵҘ୷ᠼᆢનϷᐘણ⾸Ǵ଺ᙁౣޑ܄፦၂ᡍǴϩ݋Кၨ่݀[11]Ƕ

൘ǵౠᑄ֎Н౗

य़ᑄ֎Н౗ж߄ౠᑄࠔ፦ϐख़ाࡰ኱Ǵ೸ၸӭᅿᜪ᝜ނǴషӝуπࡕǴ࿶ၸ ଯྕᐨᇙǴ٬Ӛᅿ᝜ނޑԋҽख़ཥ่ӝԋќ΋ᅿނ౛੝܄ޑౢࠔǶཥހ CNS9737 ჹय़ᑄ֎Н౗ϐৡ౦܄ǴϩࣁаΠ 4 ᜪǺ

12

ਥᏵύ๮҇୯୯ৎ኱ྗ(CNS)9737 ٩೷֎Н౗ϐ୔ϩ 1.Ia ᜪ(ౠ፦)Ǻ֎Н౗ 0.5%аΠ

2.Ib ᜪ(ౠ፦)Ǻ֎Н౗ຬၸ 0.5%Ǵ3.0%аΠ 3.II ᜪ(ҡ፦)Ǻ֎Н౗ 10.0%аΠ

4.IIIᜪ(ҡ፦)Ǻ֎Н౗ 50.0%аΠ

΋૓ౠᑄϩᜪБԄǺϩձࣁаΠ 4 ᅿ

1.ӦᑄǺ፾Ҕܭ࠻ϣѦӦڳǴځ߄य़ϐלᓸࡋϷऐᑃࡋ໪Ԗ΋ۓा؃Ǵ٠Ъ֎Н ΚϷלԦ܄೿ा፾Ҕܭ੝ۓሡाӦᗺǶ

2.ᏛᑄǺ፾Ҕܭ࠻ϣᕅय़Ǵځ୷ҁນ؃ࣁՅறᗲᢛࡋϷߕ๱ΚǴ٠Ъᖱز፦གޑ և౜Ϸ᏾ᡏޑམଛǴჹ֎Н౗Ϸ߄य़ฯࡋค੝ਸा؃Ƕ

3.ѦᕅᑄǺ፾ҔࡌᑐނѦᕅǴЬाڀԖ֎Н౗եǵङྎుǵל܎ΚமϷלለᡵϐ

ૈΚǶ

4.ଭᖻլय़ᑄǺय़ᑈӧ 40 ѳБϦᙶаΠǴЪаλТౠᑄ଺ೕ߾܈όೕ߾ϐᗹຠǶ ଭᖻլᑄҗܭЁκၸλόճܭးጃϷӼးǴࡺሡးጃ߻аय़׷ڰۓǴଭᖻլൂՏ

΋य़׷಍ᆀࣁ΋ωǶ

ມǵᎎຠౠᑄҔϐௗ๱Ꮚ

ౠᑄय़ᑄᆶۭ׷ϐ໔่ӝѸ໪࿶җౠᑄᗹ๱ᏊǴջ٬ౠᑄҁي܄፦ᛙۓǴऩ

ௗ๱Ꮚ׷਑٬Ҕό྽Ǵஒ٬ౠᑄౢғᝄख़ӍϯރᄊǶӢԜǴ٩೷ᗹ๱׷਑܌᝶֖

ޑ܄፦ǴႽӼӄ܄ǵࡼπ܄ǵௗ๱மࡋ฻Ǵ೸ၸ၂ᡍ׳ׯҔໆϷҔݤǴٰඓඝ׷

਑੝܄аϷࠔ፦Ƕ

1.Нݝࣳዀ

٬ҔНݝࣳዀ଺ࣁౠᑄНݝࣳዀ଺ࣁౠᑄᗹ๱׷਑ਔǴჹܭНݝࣳዀ׷਑ϐ ಔԋϷଛКሡᝄ਱௓ᆅǴऩคݙཀځπݤϷਔਏᆅڋǴӧࡼπਔǴܰ೷ԋౠᑄᗹ

๱ό٫Ъᝄख़Ӎϯ[11]Ƕ

2.ᄞԖଯϩηᄞ਑ϐНݝࣳዀ

14 CNS12611 >58.8 N/cm² CNS12611 >100 N/cm² (ၗ਑ٰྍǺୖԵਜҞ[11])

،ۓࡼπݤӢનԖౠᑄЁࡋǵࡼπଯࡋǵᗹ๱׷਑ǵౠᑄ׷፦ϷङྎǶऩࡼ

πБݤᒱᇤ܈ࡼπό྽Ǵ཮೷ԋౠᑄগပ܈ಥᚆǴ྽ѦᕅౠᑄগပਔǴό໻ቹៜ ࡌᑐނѦᢀǴҭёૈཞ্่ᄬᡏऐΦ܄Ǵ܈Їଆ໾্ၡΓ໾ΫǶќѦӵѦᕅ٬Ҕ ε༧ౠᑄǴሡԵቾ٬Ҕڰۓ៓ҹ܈ႣຠπݤǴόӕπݤϷᗹ๱׷਑،ۓΑౠᑄᗹ

๱ޑᛙڰ܄Ƕதـౠᑄࡼπݤӵკ 2-1 ܌ҢǶ

კ 2-1 ౠᑄࡼπݤ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺୖԵਜҞ[12])

3.Ѧᕅౠᑄᗹຠπݤှ݋

(1)ӛ΢ࣵຠݤǺ

ܭషᏉβۭቫࡼаНݝࣳዀڊ౩Ǵӧౠᑄङय़ܓ΢ፓکࡕНݝࣳዀǴܭΠቫ ଛӝНѳಒጕ΋Т΋Тӛ΢ᓸຠǶऩόዴჴࡼπǴܰౢғқ๮౜ຝǶ

(2)ׯؼԄӛ΢ࣵຠݤǺ

ஒӛ΢ࣵຠݤׯؼϐπݤǴܭۭቫણڇۭቫНݝࣳዀϷύቫНݝࣳዀǶܭౠ ౠᑄᗹຠπݤ

Ћπᗹຠݤ

۳΢ࣵຠݤ ׯؼԄ۳΢ࣵຠݤ

ᓸຠπݤ ׯؼԄᓸຠπݤ

ஏຠπݤ ಔӝౠᑄຠݤ ׯؼԄଭᖻլᗹຠݤ

Ⴃຠπݤ

ኳ݈Ⴃຠπݤ QDހႣຠπݤ

16

ᑄङय़༡ܓᗹ๱НݝࣳዀǴࠆࡋࣁ˞cm аΠǴவΠቫ΋Т΋ТᓸຠǴ٬ౠᑄङ य़Нݝࣳዀᅖрޑำࡋ຾ՉຠӝǶܭౠᑄङय़༡ܓНݝࣳዀǴᅰໆόౢғޜሜǴ Ϸ༡ܓֹԋНݝࣳዀᔈܭ 5 min ϣᗹຠֹԋǴόёᚼᠴǶ

(

3)ᓸຠπݤǺ

ܭۭቫ຾ՉۭቫણڇϷύቫણڇǴѳྖણڇНݝࣳዀ߄य़Ǵӧ΢Б༡ܓ 2m² ࠆࡋ 7-5mm ຠҔНݝࣳዀǴ٬ౠᑄङદБӛНݝࣳዀᅖрǴவ΢ቫаЕᄵᄟᔐǴ

٬ౠᑄङय़ֹӄຠӝǶຠӝබ࿼ਔ໔ࣁᜢᗖǶ

(4)ׯؼԄᓸຠπݤǺ

ஒᓸຠπݤׯؼǴ΋ኬܭۭቫ຾ՉۭቫણڇϷύቫણڇНݝࣳዀǶᗹຠНݝ

ࣳዀऊણڇ 3-10mmǴܭౠᑄङय़ણڇ 3mm ᗹຠНݝࣳዀǴ٬Нݝࣳዀܭౠᑄ ڬൎᅖрǶҗ΢ቫԿΠቫᓸຠǴӢԜπݤӭҔܭѦᕅࡼπЪᗹຠӼӄǴӢԜ೏ቶ ݱޑ٬ҔǶ

(5)ஏຠπݤǺ

ܭۭቫણڇۭቫϷύቫНݝࣳዀࡕǴ΢Бऊણڇ 5-8mm ᗹຠНݝࣳዀǶҗ

΢ቫ໒ۈᗹຠౠᑄǴ٬Ҕ᎜୏ᐒܭౠᑄ߄य़ࡼуΚໆǴ٬Нݝࣳዀ೬ϯǶౠᑄڬ ൎྈрНݝࣳዀǴ໪ᅈрௗᕳ୔ୱǴճҔϭᕳኳηᓸຠǴԜπݤᗹ๱ΚཱུଯǶ

(6)ׯؼԄଭᖻլᗹຠπݤ(KM πݤ)

ܭۭቫણڇۭቫϷύቫНݝࣳዀࡕǴӢଭᖻլౠᑄЁκၨλǴҗຠરಔӝБ ԄٰᗹຠǶࣁΑளډၨӳᗹ๱ΚǴҗຠરಔӝङय़ᙟᇂ΢ௗᕳ೽ϩࢰϾᆛ݈Ǵ༡ ܓᗹ๱НݝࣳዀǴ٬ҔЕᇙπڀҗ΢۳ΠܡѺǴ٬ځஏӝǶᢀჸНݝࣳዀᗹ๱ࡕ Ꮙ่ਏ݀Ǵ٬ҔНరᔸኚ௞ຠર೽ϩǶ

(7)ኳ݈Ⴃຠπݤ

ӧѦኳ݈ϣ٬Ҕᐎጤ᠎პ܈ӝ݈᠎პբࣁ᠎პۭ݈Ǵ٠ႣশڰۓႬచǴ٬ౠ ᑄᛙۓႣຠӧѦኳ݈΢Ǵ٠዆࿼షᏉβֹܨኳࡕǴ٬ౠᑄߕ๱ܭషᏉβ߄य़΋ԛ ԋࠠǶ

(8)PC ݈Ⴃຠπݤ

ӧᇙ೷ PC Ⴃ᠗݈ਔǴӧᒳኳ΢Ӄஒౠᑄ௨ӈֹࡕ዆࿼షᏉβǴၲډೕۓம ࡋࡕ຾ՉܨኳǴջֹԋౠᑄႣຠݤǶځπݤԖаΠٿᅿǺ

΋ǵౠᑄኳ঺ݤǺǺ

ЬाࢂҔܭଭᖻլౠᑄϷΒ΍௠аΠޑౠᑄǴаર܈ᐋિᇙբԋኳ঺Ǵ঺ܭ ౠᑄࡕ௨ӈǶаጤ஥܈ௗ๱ᏊڰۓࡕǴ዆࿼షᏉβǴډೕۓமࡋࡕ຾ՉܨኳǴջ

ֹԋౠᑄႣຠݤǶ ΒǵౠᑄൂᡏݤǺ

ӧኳ݈΢Б٬ҔЕᇙǵᐎጤᇙ܈วݰ༟ጤᇙϭᕳᓸచۓՏࡕǴӆஒౠᑄ΋༧

΋༧ᘍۓࡕω዆࿼షᏉβޑБԄǶԜπݤЬाҔܭλαᑄа΢ελǶ

စǵቹៜѦᕅౠᑄগပޑচӢᆶౠᑄӍϯ

ҁൂՏᇆ໣୯ѦቹៜѦᕅౠᑄগပޑচӢ྽ύǴଞჹВҁǵཥу࣒ǵᐞࢪϷ ३ෝ೽ϩ଺΋༼᏾ӵΠǺ

ВҁჹѦᕅౠᑄکᗹӝᏊ຾ՉΑεໆࣴزǴځύ΋٤ࣴزߚதӄय़ǴਥᏵ EN 1348 کEN 12004 ኱ྗǴෳ၂10ᅿНݝᗹӝᏊӧଳᔿǵዊᔸǵݹ዗ک่Ӈᑼ ϯచҹΠޑᗹӝமࡋǶ೭٤ࣴزว౜Ǵ֖εໆΒ਼ϯޖSiO2Ȑ80–95%ȑکϿໆ ᅹለ້CaCO3Ȑ0.5-3.4%ȑޑᗹӝᏊኬҁڀԖനε܎Κமࡋ[13][14][15]Ƕ

ВҁჹᕅᑄগပޑࣴزǴ๱ख़షᏉβ୷ۭکᗹӝࣳዀϐ໔ޑ߄य़܌܍ڙޑ዗

ᔈΚǴВҁѦᕅౠᑄ่ᄬগပεӭҗԜচӢ೷ԋǶҗMahaboonpachaiکMatsumoto

஥ሦޑځύ΋ঁЬाࣴزი໗ࡰрǴҗܭӚᅿচ׷਑዗ᑩ๞ޑำࡋόӕԶౢғޑ

୊ᔈΚǴࢂઇᚯѦᕅౠᑄ่ᄬޑЬाӢનϐ΋[16]Ƕ

RumbayanȐ2006ȑჹᕅᑄ่ᄬύޑྕࡋϩթ৖໒Α၁ಒޑࣴزǶࣴزว౜Ǵ

18

྽ᕅᑄ߄य़ྕࡋၲډ50ʚਔǴషᏉβቫکᕅᑄቫޑനεྕৡऊࣁ12ʚǴᇡࣁ೭ኬ ޑᕉნᏤठᗹӝࣳዀၲډ2.6 MPaޑ୊ᔈΚǴԶ೭҅ࢂઇᚯᕅᑄऐҔ܄ޑЬाӢ નϐ΋[17]Ƕ

Mahaboonpachai฻ΓȐ2008ȑම໒৖΋໨ჴᡍ࠻ೕኳޑу዗ჴᡍǴԑӧኳᔕ ჴሞѦᕅᑄ่ᄬڙډϼ໚ྣ৔Ǵаࣴزӧ዗಻ၩచҹΠǴషᏉβکᆫӝނНݝࣳ

ዀȐPCMȑϐ໔ޑᚆቫগပ௃ݩǶ೭٤ࣴزว౜Ǵ྽ᕅᑄ߄य़ྕࡋၲډ100ʚਔǴ షᏉβکPCMϐ໔ޑϟय़຋ᕳߏࡋᘉණډ߈3 డԯǶ྽ᕅᑄ߄य़ྕࡋၲډ105ʚ 120ʚଯྕࡋਔǴёـ຋ᕳݮϟय़຾΋؁ᘉණǶჴᡍ่݀߄ܴǴӚᅿ׷਑ޑ዗ᑩ

๞ำࡋόӕǴࢂઇᚯѦᕅౠᑄ่ᄬޑЬाӢનϐ΋[16]Ƕ

ന߈ǴMahboonpachai฻ΓȐ2010ȑ຾΋؁ᘐۓǴҗ຋ᕳᘉණЇวޑϟय़গ ပ௃ݩǴԖఈ೸ၸϟय़গပ໧܄ှ،ȐԶߚᗹӝமࡋȑǶдॺӧϟय़গပΚᏢচ

౛ޑ୷ᘵ΢Ǵ຾ՉΑѤᗺ៻Ԕ၂ᡍ[18]Ƕ

MichaelChew ςว߄നϿ4 ጇԖᜢѦᕅౠᑄޑፕЎ܈஑๱ക࿯Ǵϩձࢂ

ChewȐ1992ǵ1999aǵ1999bȑکChew ฻ΓȐ1998ȑǶ೯ၸჴᡍ࠻ࣴزǴдॺ ว౜ᗹӝᏊӧࡼπၸำύǴᗹӝமࡋ཮ڙډྕࡋቹៜǹՠӧᗹӝᏊబуᆫӝނǴ ёᡉ๱ගଯځᗹӝமࡋȐ྽ᓯӸܭଯྕӵ60ʚਔǴගଯ28%ډ46%ό฻ȑ[19ǵ20]Ƕ

ChewȐ1999aȑ׳੝ձ໒৖Αӄय़ޑჴᡍǴຑ՗ྕࡋჹѤᅿᗹӝᏊமࡋޑቹ ៜǺȐ1ȑᗹӝᏊAǺНݝǺࣳǺН=1:4:0.8ǴȐ2ȑᗹӝᏊBǺᆶA ࣬ӕǴ50%ޑ НҔᆫӝނжඹǴҔբబуᏊȐ3ȑᗹӝᏊCǺНݝǺࣳǺН=1:3:0.4ǹȐ4ȑᗹӝ ᏊDǺᆶC ࣬ӕǴ100%ޑНҔᆫӝނжඹǴҔբబуᏊǶ่݀ᡉҢᗹӝᏊB ޑ

୊ᔈΚၨᗹӝᏊA ଯр10%ǶబуᆫӝނޑቚமբҔளډޭۓǶՠࢂǴᗹӝᏊD ޑ୊ᔈΚКᗹӝᏊC ե8%Ǵᆶ΢ॊ่݀࣬ҟ࣯Ƕࣴزύϩ݋ǴӢၸໆ٬Ҕᆫӝ ނ཮ᏤठᗹӝᏊଳᔿၸזǴԶ೷ԋமࡋफ़եǶ

ࣴزᗋว౜คፕᗹӝᏊࢂց٬ҔᆫӝނբࣁబуᏊǴ྽ӧଯྕȐ40ʚȑکե

ྕȐ10ʚȑᕉნΠ٬ҔਔǴᗹӝமࡋ೿཮फ़եȐफ़ե10%ډ47%ό฻ȑǶ၀ࣴز

௢ᘐǴςႣ዗߄य़཮ևଳᔿ٠זೲ֎ԏᗹӝᏊޑНϩǴߔᛖΑНӝբҔǶനಖǴ

ࣴزว౜ଯྕکዊᔸჹᗹӝᏊமࡋቹៜߚதϐεǶ዗Κൻᕉ཮Ꮴठ܎ಥமࡋΠफ़ 18%ډ21%ǴԶуᔸൻᕉ߾཮Ꮴठ܎ಥமࡋΠफ़6%ډ37%[21]Ƕ

ChewȐ1999bȑӧΠय़ЇҔΑOhama ฻ΓޑȐ1986ȑྕࡋჹᗹӝᏊமࡋޑ ቹៜ౛ፕǺȨНݝޑНӝၸำύ཮ܜѐНϩȐҗܭၨଯᓯӸྕࡋԶуೲȑǴНݝ Нӝނ΢ޑᆙஏᆫӝނᗭಈ཮׎ԋೱុޑᖓጢǴᖓጢᆶНݝНӝނషӝࡕ׎ԋ΋

ঁ᏾ᡏᆛၡǴᆫӝނ࣬ᆶНݝНӝ࣬ӧځύ࣬ϕҬᒱ[22]Ƕȩ

ཥуڵޑࣴزҗGuan ฻ΓȐ1997aǴ1997bȑ຾ՉǴ೭ٿ໨ࣴزΨԖᜢྕࡋ ޑቹៜǶGuan ฻ΓȐ1997aȑޑࣴزࡰрǴଯྕ཮уೲᗹӝᏊύᆫӝ׷਑ޑ዗

फ़ှǴ྽ྕࡋቚу10ʚǴ൩ࡐёૈ཮٬ΚᏢϸᔈೲ౗ගϲ΋७[23]ǶGuan ฻Γ Ȑ1997bȑᇡࣁǴफ़ߘ஥ٰޑזೲհࠅਏ݀཮ౢғ዗ፂᔐǴӧᕅᑄѳय़΢ౢғࡐ ଯޑࠟޔ҅ӛᔈΚǶ೭཮όճܭጤᗹਏ݀ǴᏤठр౜຋ᕳکᚆቫগပǶᔸࡋޑᡂ ϯӕኬ཮ჹᕅᑄౢғቹៜ[24]ǶځдӚ୯ଞჹѦᕅౠᑄগပচӢޑ௖૸༼᏾ӵΠ ߄2-3Ƕ

ѦᕅౠᑄதـӍϯ౜ຝ;ੌଆǵᓫ຋ǵֽ೽ઇཞǵқ๮ǴᠢԦǴΠკ 3.3!ౠ ᑄதـগပޑᜪࠠǶ!

2/ ੌଆ.ࣁНݝࣳዀǵషᏉβ᙮ᡏ฻౦ᅿ׷਑໔ௗ๱ࣚय़ౢғޑ໔ሜǴڙډଳ

ྒྷǵྕࡋᡂϯ฻ϸᙟբҔϐᔈΚܭௗ๱߄य़Ǵቹៜௗ๱மࡋǴ຾ԶϩᚆǶ!

3/ ᓫ຋.ӢᔈΚԶ़ғ᙮ᡏޑᡂ୏ϷѺۭНݝࣳዀޑᡂ୏ਔǴ܌೷ԋޑᓫ຋Ǵ

཮೷ԋౠᑄᆶௗᕳ߄य़ޑപ຋Ǵ׎ԋౠᑄಥပޑচӢǶ!

4/ қ๮.ౠᑄ߄य़܈ௗᕳೀǴНݝણڇ߄य़ౢғқՅ݋рނਔǴ߄Ңౠᑄ܈Н ݝࡕБёૈςౢғޜሜԶЪԖНᅖΕǴΨ൩ࢂᇥԖёૈς࿶วғੌଆޑ౜

ຝǶ!

5/ ֽ೽ઇᚯ.தـܭ໒α໛೽ǵᓫ຋೽ՏǴόӕਔ໔ϐషᏉβ዆࿼ϟय़ǴЀځ ࣁѦᕅౠᑄ௦Ҕుྎᕳπݤਔ໪੝ձ੮ཀǶ!

6/ ᠢԦ.ሡղᘐࢂߕ๱ܭ߄य़ޑᠢԦǴ܈ࢂӢౠᑄ܈Нݝࡕय़ԖНᅖΕԶ೷

20

߄ 2-3 Ӛ୯ଞჹѦᕅౠᑄগပচӢޑ௖૸༼᏾

22

গပǶ ഐǶ

24

ಃΟക ၂ᡍीฝ

ಃ΋࿯ ߻ق

ҁीฝϐ၂ᡍ໨Ҟࣁٿε೽ϩǺಃ΋೽ࣁНݝԪዀ၂ኬ၂ᡍǴ௖૸ᗹࡋ၂ᡍǵ ࢬࡋ၂ᡍϷߥН၂ᡍǴΑှ׷਑྽ύҘ୷ᠼᆢનϷᐘણ⾸ჹ၂ኬϐቹៜǶ೸ၸН ݝԪዀ၂ᡍ่݀Ǵ଺ࣁНݝࣳዀ܄፦೽ϩୖԵǶಃΒ೽ҽࣁНݝࣳዀ܄ૈ௖૸Ǵ ϩձ຾Չל܎ௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍǵྖ౽၂ᡍǵබ࿼ਔ໔၂ᡍϷԏᕭ၂ᡍǴᒧрന٫ଛ ӝКٯǴ಄ӝҁԛीฝϐा؃Ƕ

൘ǵНݝԪዀ

НݝԪዀ၂ᡍ٬Ҕ  ࠠΝ੝ើНݝǵҘ୷ᠼᆢન(ੇ๼ણ)Ϸόӕᅿᜪᐘણ⾸Ǵ ӧڰۓНጤКރݩΠǴ຾Չᗹࡋ၂ᡍǵࢬࡋ၂ᡍϷߥН၂ᡍǶෳځ܄፦ࡕǴΑှ

Ҙ୷ᠼᆢનϷᐘણ⾸ჹНݝԪዀቹៜǴբࣁНݝࣳዀୖԵ܄፦Ƕ

1.НݝԪዀ၂ᡍ׷਑

(1)Нݝ

ҁࣴز٬ҔϐНݝࣁ٥ࢪНݝϦљ܌ғౢϐ I ࠠΝ੝ើНݝǶځϯᏢԋϩϷ ނ౛܄፦ӵ߄ 3-1-3-2Ǻ

26

ෞᚆ਼ϯ້(free calcium oxide) (%)

20.0

߄ 3-2 ނ౛܄፦

ᔠᡍ໨Ҟ ᔠᡍ่݀ Бݤ٩Ᏽ

ୗ਑ϐޜ਻֖ໆ (volume %)

(Air Content of mortar) 7.1 CNS787

ಒࡋǴК߄य़ᑈ਻೸ሺݤ (m²/kg)

(Blaine Fineness) 364 CNS2924

዗ᓸᑩ๞(Autoclave)

28

2.НݝԪዀ܄፦၂ᡍᡂኧ

ҁࣴز၂ᡍीฝಃ΋೽ϩНݝԪዀ܄፦၂ᡍᡂኧӵΠ߄ 3-3Ƕ ߄ 3-3 НݝԪዀ၂ᡍᐘણ⾸0Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન(wt.%) ᐘણ⾸ᜪձ ᐘણ⾸0Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન(wt.%)

Aᜪᐘણ⾸ 5ǵ10ǵ15ǵ20

Bᜪᐘણ⾸ 5ǵ10ǵ15ǵ20

Cᜪᐘણ⾸ 5ǵ10ǵ15ǵ20

Dᜪᐘણ⾸ 5ǵ10ǵ15ǵ20

(ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

ҁࣴزӧڰۓНጤКࣁ 0.4Ǵҁ၂ኬጓဦϐБԄǴಃ΋ዸࣁҘ୷ᠼᆢન(1/9&*ǵ

ಃΒዸж߄ᐘણ⾸ᜪձǴಃΟዸж߄ᐘણ⾸0Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન(wt.%)Ƕ

3.НݝԪዀଛК

ҁ၂ᡍୖԵ߻ΓଛКࡕǴӧڰۓНጤК௃ݩΠǴჹНໆКуΕ 0.8%Ҙ୷ᠼ ᆢનǴӧаҘ୷ᠼᆢનᕴໆϩձѦу 5%ǵ10%ǵ15%Ϸ 20%ᐘણ⾸Ƕෳځ၂ᡍ ଛКӵΠ߄ 3-4-3-11Ǻ

߄ 3-4 НݝԪዀᗹࡋ၂ኬଛК-A ᜪ (g)

НጤК Нݝ Нໆ Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન Aᜪᐘણ⾸

0.4 1732.5 693 5.544 0.2772 0.4 1732.5 693 5.544 0.5544 0.4 1732.5 693 5.544 0.8316 0.4 1732.5 693 5.544 1.1088 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

߄ 3-5 НݝԪዀࢬࡋߥН၂ኬଛК-A ᜪ(g)

НጤК Нݝ Нໆ Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન Aᜪᐘણ⾸

0.4 866.25 346.5 2.772 0.1386 0.4 866.25 346.5 2.772 0.2772 0.4 866.25 346.5 2.772 0.4158 0.4 866.25 346.5 2.772 0.5544 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

߄ 3-6 НݝԪዀ၂ኬᗹࡋଛК-B ᜪ(g)

НጤК Нݝ Нໆ Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન Bᜪᐘણ⾸

0.4 1732.5 693 5.544 0.2772 0.4 1732.5 693 5.544 0.5544 0.4 1732.5 693 5.544 0.8316 0.4 1732.5 693 5.544 1.1088 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

߄ 3-7 НݝԪዀࢬࡋߥН၂ኬଛК-B ᜪ(g)

НጤК Нݝ Нໆ Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન Bᜪᐘણ⾸

0.4 866.25 346.5 2.772 0.1386 0.4 866.25 346.5 2.772 0.2772 0.4 866.25 346.5 2.772 0.4158 0.4 866.25 346.5 2.772 0.5544 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

30

4ǵНݝԪዀ၂ᡍБݤᆶሺᏔ

(1)ᗹࡋ၂ᡍ

ӃஒҘ୷ᠼᆢનᆶᐘણ⾸ଳ܏ࡕǴ٩ྣКٯуΕНύǴϷ؂ 20min ѐуаᠳ

܏Ǵ೸ၸკ 3-1 ௽ᙯଞԄᗹࡋሺٰෳۓᗹࡋॶǴϩձෳ 20minǵ1hrǵ3hr аϷ 24hr ᗹࡋॶǶ

კ 3-1 ௽ᙯଞԄᗹࡋሺ(ࠠဦ BROOKFIRLD) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

(2)ࢬࡋ၂ᡍ

٩ྣ CNS1010 ೕጄٰໆෳǴӃஒҘ୷ᠼᆢનϷѦуᐘણ⾸ଳ܏ࡕǴуΕН ٩ྣНฯ܄Нݝ❷਑ϐᐒఓ܏ӝࡕǴу΋ቫܭኳϣऊ 25mmǴ٬Ҕཡ෇ཡ 20 ԛ ࡕǴܓѳ߄य़Ǵ௴୏კ 3-2 НݝࣳዀࢬࡋѠܭ 15sec ϣຳပ 25 ԛǴຳပଯࡋࣁ 12.7mmǴ٬Ҕෞ኱ьЁǴໆෳᘉණࡕޔ৩ 4 ԛǴ၀Ѥঁቚߏࡕޔ৩ϐѳ֡ॶᆶ চޔ৩ϐৡǴჹচޔ৩ޑԭϩКջࣁࢬࡋॶǶ

32

ࢬࡋॶ(%) = ^{஽ଶି஽ଵ}

஽ଵ ൈ ͳͲͲΨ D2=ѳ֡ޔ৩

D1=ኳϐϣ৩

ൂՏ(mm)

კ 3-2 ࢬࡋѠ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

(3)ߥН၂ᡍ

НݝԪዀߥН౗ෳ၂ǴஒෳֹࢬࡋॶዀᡏڊԿ܏ӝఏǴ٠аύೲ܏ӝ 15sec ࡕǴஒ❷਑༤ΕልዬύǴ٠аཡ෇а໩ਔដБӛཡᔐ 15 ΠǴ٬ҔڊΘஒӭᎩ❷

਑ڊѳǴ೸ၸკ 3-3 ߥН܄ෳۓሺܜ੿ޜǴӃஒልዬ࿼ܭߥНෳۓሺϐ΢БᅅЏ

ೀǴ໒௴ෳۓሺϐ໒ᜢǴፓ᏾ᓸΚܭ 48-54mmHG ٠໒ۈीਔ 1minǴᜢഈ຾Н ሚϷߥНෳۓሺϐ໒ᜢǴஒ❷਑ڊܭ࣒ዟ݈΢Ǵ٠аڊΘ܏ӝ 15sec ࡕǴӧ٩೷

ࢬࡋ၂ᡍෳۓಃΒԛࢬࡋॶǶ

ߥН౗ (%)= (B/A)x100 B=ಃΒԛࢬࡋॶ A=ಃ΋ԛࢬࡋॶ

კ 3-3 ߥНෳۓሺ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

ມǵНݝࣳዀ

ҁ၂ᡍୖԵ߻ΓଛКϷНݝԪዀ܄፦ࡕǴΑှൂપуΕҘ୷ᠼᆢન(Ҙ୷ᠼ ᆢન)ؒԖᒤݤၲډೕጄ܌ुۓϐ኱ྗॶǴڰۓΑҘ୷ᠼᆢન(Нݝуಒಈ਑ᕴख़ 0.5%)Ǵ೸ၸуΕᐘણ⾸ჹ(Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન 5%ǵ10%ǵ15%ǵ20%)ϷׯᡂНጤКރ ݩΠǴૈ୼Ԗਏၲډೕጄ኱ྗǴϷቚуπբ܄ૈਏ੻Ǵٰ຾Չྖ౽၂ᡍǵබ࿼ਔ ໔၂ᡍϷל܎ௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍǶ

1.Нݝࣳዀ၂ᡍ׷਑

(1)НݝᆶНݝԪዀ܌٬Ҕϐ࣬ӕǴӵ߄ 3-1-3-2Ƕ

34

߄ 3-15 Нݝࣳዀ၂ᡍଛК-D ᜪ(g)

Нݝࣳዀ Нݝ ಒಈ਑ Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન B ᜪᐘણ⾸ НڰК Нໆ MD5 400 400 4 0.2 0.215 172.90 MD10 400 400 4 0.4 0.220 176.97 MD15 400 400 4 0.6 0.230 185.06 MD20 400 400 4 0.8 0.225 181.08 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

3ǵНݝࣳዀ܄፦၂ᡍᡂኧ

Нݝࣳዀ܄፦ᡂኧᐘણ⾸೽ϩᆶНݝԪዀ܄፦ᡂኧ࣬ӕǴ೸ၸׯᡂНڰКǴ ፓ᏾НໆࡕǴ಄ӝೕጄ኱ྗǶ

4ǵНݝࣳዀ၂ᡍБݤ

(1) ྖ౽၂ᡍ(ISO13007)

ᔠࢗౠᑄǴߥ᛾ځࣁଳᔿǵዅృǶ٬ҔԜೕጄౠᑄ໪ၲډаΠᜪࠠǺV2 ࠠǴ

಄ӝ GB/T4100.1 ϐౠ፦ᑄǴ֎Н౗ɩ0.2%Ǵࣁ΢ႂǶڀԖѳ᏾ᗹ๱य़Ǵ߄य़ᑈ ࣁ(100±1)mm × (100±1)mmǴ፦ໆࣁ(200±10)gǶ

኱ྗෳ၂చҹᔈࣁȐ23±2ȑʚکȐ50±5ȑʘޑ࣬ჹᔸࡋǶዴߥᒳЁ࿼ܭషᏉ β݈ϐഗᆄǴ೭ኬ྽షᏉβ݈ࠟޔ፛ҥਔǴ཮ᆶᒳЁޑۭ೽ᜐጔߥ࡭ӕ΋НѳǶ ᒳЁΠጔ٬Ҕ፿ጨጤ஥ᗹຠǴߏࡋࣁ 25mmǶӃӧషᏉβ݈΢༡ܓౠᑄᗹ๱ᏊǴ

٬ҔᏁࠠܓΘکۭ݈ߥ࡭ 60°໼௹فǴ໩షᏉβ݈ڊၸǴᓉ࿼ٿ minǴӆஒౠ፦

ᑄϩձܫ΢ڊၸࡕࣳዀ΢Ǵϩձа 5kg આዸࡪᓸ 30secǴௗ๱ஒۭ݈ࠟޔ፛ҥǴ 20minࡕᢀჸౠᑄࢂցԖࠟࢬǴࠟࢬሡɩ0.5mmǶӵკ 3-4Ƕ

36

კ 3-4 ྖ౽၂ᡍҢཀკ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

1:ᒳЁ 2:፿ጨጤ஥(25mm) 3:ౠᑄ 4:ௗ๱Ꮚ 5:షᏉβۭ݈

(2) බ࿼၂ᡍ

኱ྗෳ၂చҹᔈࣁȐ23±2ȑʚکȐ50±5ȑʘޑ࣬ჹᔸࡋǶᔠࢗౠᑄǴߥ᛾ځ ࣁଳᔿǵዅృǴ߄य़ᑈࣁ(100±1)mm × (100±1)mmǴ፦ໆࣁ(200±10)gǶஒᗹ๱ࣳ

ዀܓܭۭ݈΢Ǵᓉ࿼ 20min ࡕǴϩձஒ 3 ༧ౠᑄܫ࿼ᗹ๱ࣳዀ߄य़Ǵа 2kg આዸ ᓸڋ 30sec ដࡕǴӃஒౠᑄѓᙯ 90 ࡋǴӆѰᙯ 90 ࡋܘଆǴᢀჸౠᑄᆶᗹ๱ࣳዀ ߕ๱य़ᑈࣁӭϿԭϩКǶӵკ 3-5 ܌ҢǺ

კ 3-5 බ࿼၂ᡍҢཀკ

1:Нݝᗹ๱ࣳዀ 2:ౠᑄ

(ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

(3) ל܎ௗ๱மࡋ(ISO13007)

኱ྗෳ၂చҹᔈࣁȐ23±2ȑʚکȐ50±5ȑʘޑ࣬ჹᔸࡋǶ٬Ҕޔᜐ᜚Θ༡ܓ

΋ቫᖓᖓࣳዀӧషᏉβ݈Ƕฅࡕ༡ܓၨࠆቫ٠٬ҔӧύЈ 12mm ೀڀԖ 6mm

×6mmпαϐ᜚Θ਩౛Ƕ᜚Θߥ࡭ډ୷׷ޑفࡋऊ 60°Ǵӧ΋ঁӝ፾ޑفࡋǴவ

షᏉβ݈ޑ΋ঁᜐጔฝၸ٠ѳՉܭ݈ᜐጔȐӧ΋చޔጕ΢ȑǶ

ܭӧ 30sec ϣ༡ܓௗ๱ᏊǴܫ࿼ϐౠᑄ΢܌Ԗௗ๱Ꮚόຬၸ 4 Ի (rib)Ƕ؂ঁ

ౠᑄҔȐ20±0.05ȑN уၩ 30secǶӧ኱ྗచҹΠᓯӸ 27 ϺࡕǴҔ፾ӝޑଯமࡋ

ௗ๱ᏊȐӵᕉ਼ௗ๱Ꮚȑᗹ่܎ᓐ݈ᆶౠᑄǶӧ኱ྗచҹΠќѦӆᓯӸ 24h ࡕǴ аȐ250±50ȑN / s ޑೲ౗ቚуࡼΚǴ،ۓௗ๱Ꮚޑ܎՜ᗹ๱மࡋǶӚᅿᕉნచ ҹΠᎦៈޑБԄӵΠ߄ 3-16Ƕ

38

ҁࣴزࣁ಄ӝ ANSI A118.1 7.0 ϐ኱ྗǹ٬Ҕ TYPE A-1Ǻ108×108×8mm(а

΢)֎Н౗ 12~18%ϐ΢ႂᏛᑄǴЁκϪԋ 108×54mǴԿܭ 150ɗ੗ଳᇙࡡख़Ǵӆ ܫ࿼ܭྕࡋ 21~25ɗǵ࣬ჹᔸࡋ 50±5%ᕉნΠᎦៈ 24hr ࡕωёҔܭ၂ᡍǹ၂ᡍ ҔϐНǵጤݝǵౠᑄ฻ࣣाܫ࿼ܭྕࡋ 21~25ɗǵ࣬ჹᔸࡋ 50±5%ᕉნΠ 12hrǶ ஒ܌ሡНໆܫΕ܏ӝ࿙ϣǴ໒ଆᄌೲ܏ӝܭ 15sec ϣॹΕ 2Kg ଳણǴख़ཥीਔа ᄌೲ܏ӝ 30sec ࡕǴଶЗीਔаϷஒ܏ӝߕܭ܏ӝ࿙ୁϐ❷਑ڊΕ܏ӝ࿙ϣǴӆ

໒௴܏ӝᐒаᄌೲ܏ӝ 1 ϩ 30secǴᓉ࿼ 20min ࡕǴӆ܏ӝ 15sec ࡕǴҔ 16 Т TYPE A-1 ޑᏛᑄ଺ԋ 8 ಔ၂ТǶܭຯᚆᏛᑄ 2.4mm ޑӦБฝ΋ޔጕǴጤݝࠆࡋ ࣁ 3.2mmǴ3.2mm ጤݝࠆࡋϐࡼπाҔ T ࠠ֨ڀܫӧനλᏛᑄᜐǴϪ૶ाஒጤ ݝӄ೽༡ܓӧΠᏛᑄ΢ǴଏрᏛᑄ٬ጤݝԋޔጕࠠǴ΢ቫᏛᑄ߾ܫ࿼ӧᆶΠቫᏛ ᑄ࣬ჹϐϪᜐǴฅࡕᔒᓸጤݝډ 3.2mm ࠆǶ၂ᡏᔈಔҥԋૈ٬Ϫᜐௗڙ಻ख़Ǵ2 ༧Ꮫᑄޑᜐຯࣁ 2.4mmǴᏛᑄᔈёݮ๱ T ࠠ֨ڀ߻ࡕྖ୏Ǵаዴߥᙟᇂ 3.2mm ϐࠆࡋǴڊନӭᎩϐጤݝࡕڗр T ࠠ֨ڀֹԋ၂Тϐᇙբǹ྽ڗр T ࠠ֨ڀਔǴ

ाλЈೀ౛όё٬֨ڀᜐጔ࿘᝻܈ྖ୏ᏛᑄǴԶቹៜ 2 ༧ᏛᑄϷጤݝࠆࡋǶ၂ᡏ ܫ࿼ܭྕࡋ 21~25ɗǵ࣬ჹᔸࡋ 50±5%ΠᎦៈ 7 Ϻࡕ຾Չෳ၂Ƕӧीᆉᗹ๱୊Κ மࡋਔǴଷ೛܌Ԗᗹ๱य़ᑈࣁ 51.6cm²ǹа؂ min1089.8kg ΚໆբࣁᓸΚ၂ᡍǴ

૶ᒵኧॶཱུࣁᗹ๱୊Κനε಻ख़ॶǶ

40

ಃѤക ၂ᡍ่݀

ಃ΋࿯ ߻ق

ҁക࿯Ьा૸ፕҘ୷ᠼᆢનϷᐘણ⾸ჹНݝԪዀᗹࡋॶǵࢬࡋॶϷߥН౗܄

፦ޑቹៜǴຑ՗ᄞΕӚᜪᐘણ⾸܄፦ࡕǴុ຾ՉНݝࣳዀྖ౽၂ᡍ(ۓကрНڰ К)ǵබ࿼ਔ໔၂ᡍǵל܎ௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍϷ୊Κௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍǴຑ՗ჹܭౠᑄᗹ

๱Ꮚ܄ૈޑቹៜǴаΠϩձ൩НݝԪዀϷНݝࣳዀ၂ᡍ่݀ϩձ၁ॊǶ

൘ǵНݝԪዀ၂ᡍ่݀

1.НݝԪዀᗹࡋॶ(mpaɄs)

НݝԪዀబуӚᜪᐘણ⾸ᗹࡋኧॶӵΠ߄ 4-1-4-4 Ϸკ 4-1-4-4Ƕ่݀ᡉҢᚐ Ѧబу AǵBǵD ᜪᐘણ⾸ܭ 5%~20%࣬ၨܭѝబуҘ୷ᠼᆢનᗹࡋٰޑଯǴԶ ᚐѦ C ᜪᐘણ⾸ޑᗹࡋᆶѝబуҘ୷ᠼᆢનৡ౦όεǹ൩ਔ໔ჹᗹࡋޑቹៜ่

݀ᡉҢ 20min Կ 1hr ᗹࡋޑᡂϯॶόεǴฅԶҗ 1hr Կ 3hr ਔӚಔᗹࡋ೿Ԗܴᡉ ޑቚуǴ3hr Կ 24hr ᗹࡋޑᡂϯໆόεǶӢԜӧబуҘ୷ᠼᆢનϷᐘણ⾸Ҕܭౠ ᑄᗹ๱Ꮚᗹຠౠᑄࡼπਔ໔໪ܭ 1hr ϣֹԋǴց߾ёૈ཮ӢᗹࡋϼεԶόܰࡼ

πǶ

߄ 4-1 НݝԪዀᗹࡋॶ-A ᜪ(mpaɄs) ၂ኬጓဦ

ਔ໔ M MA5 MA10 MA15 MA20

20min 6.5 9.5 7 7 7

1hr 10 25 10.5 9.5 9.5

3hr 460 645 632 550 632 24hr 656 596 604 630 654 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

42

კ 4-2 НݝԪዀᗹࡋॶ-B ᜪ(mpaɄs)

44

კ 4-4 НݝԪዀᗹࡋॶ-D ᜪ(mpaɄs) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

2.НݝԪዀࢬࡋϷߥН౗

НݝԪዀబуӚᜪᐘણ⾸ჹܭНݝࣳዀ΋ԛࢬࡋቹៜӵΠ߄ 4-5-4-8 Ϸკ 4-5ǵ4-9ǵ4-13ǵ4-17ǶНጤК 0.4 ޑ௃ݩΠ௓ڋಔ΋ԛࢬࡋࣁ 144.3%ǴబуҘ

୷ᠼᆢનࡕफ़Կ 92.4%ǴӆబуӚᜪᐘણ⾸ځࢬࡋ࣬ၨܭѝబуҘ୷ᠼᆢનٰޑ եǹЪ΋ԛࢬࡋᒿ๱బуໆޑቚуԶफ़եǴεऊ؂ቚу 5%Πफ़ 2~16%Ǵځύа Cᜪᐘણ⾸Πफ़ޑК౗ၨܴᡉǶ

НݝԪዀబуӚᜪᐘણ⾸ჹܭНݝࣳዀΒԛࢬࡋቹៜӵΠ߄ 4-5-4-8 Ϸკ 4-6ǵ4-10ǵ4-14ǵ4-18ǶНጤК 0.4 ޑ௃ݩΠ௓ڋಔΒԛࢬࡋࣁ 112.8%ǴబуҘ

୷ᠼᆢનࡕफ़Կ 102%ǴӆబуӚᜪᐘણ⾸ځࢬࡋ࣬ၨܭѝబуҘ୷ᠼᆢનٰޑ

46

ࢬࡋϸԶ΢ϲΑ 9.6%ǴᚐѦᄞу A ᜪᐘણ⾸ޑࢬࡋΨ΢ϲΑ 3.4%~8.2%ό฻ǹ ᄞу B ᜪᐘણ⾸ޑಃΒԛࢬࡋКಃ΋ԛΠफ़ 0.5%~5.8%ǴC ᜪаϷ D ᜪ߾Ԗቚ Ԗ෧Ǵ᏾ᡏٰᇥబуҘ୷ᠼᆢનᆶӚᜪᐘણ⾸ჹࢬࡋޑᡂϯၨ௓ڋಔٰޑόܴ

ᡉǶ

߄ 4-5 НݝԪዀࢬࡋϷߥН౗-A ᜪ(%)

၂ᡍጓဦ ಃ΋ԛࢬࡋ(%) ಃΒԛࢬࡋ(%) ߥН౗(%)

C 144.3 112.8 78

M 92.4 102 102

MA5 83.1 88.7 106.7

MA10 85.5 88.9 104.1

MA15 75.6 83.8 110.8

MA20 71.9 76.2 105.9 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-5 НݝԪዀಃ΋ԛࢬࡋ-A ᜪ

48

߄ 4-6 НݝԪዀࢬࡋϷߥН౗-B ᜪ(%)

50

კ 4-12 НݝԪዀߥН౗-B ᜪ

52

კ 4-15 НݝԪዀࢬࡋКၨკ-C ᜪ

54

კ 4-18 НݝԪዀಃΒԛࢬࡋॶ-D ᜪ

56

<0.5mm)ΠӚᜪᐘણ⾸ޑНڰКǵྖ౽ໆᆶ၂ᡍკӵΠ߄ 4-9-4-12 Ϸკ 4-21Ƕ ߄ 4-9 Нݝࣳዀྖ౽ߏࡋ-A ᜪ(mm)

Aᜪᐘણ⾸ MA5 MA10 MA15 MA20

ѳ֡ྖ౽ߏࡋ(mm) 0.380 0.480 0.450 0.230 НڰК 0.220 0.230 0.225 0.230 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

߄ 4-10 Нݝࣳዀྖ౽ߏࡋ-B ᜪ(mm)

Bᜪᐘણ⾸ MB5 MB10 MB15 MB20 ѳ֡ྖ౽ߏࡋ(mm) 0.290 0.360 0.420 0.390 НڰК 0.220 0.225 0.227 0.225 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

߄ 4-11 Нݝࣳዀྖ౽ߏࡋ-C ᜪ(mm) Cᜪᐘણ⾸ Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન 5 Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન

10

Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન 15

Ҙ୷ᠼᆢન 20 ѳ֡ྖ౽ߏࡋ(mm) 0.445 0.378 0.345 0.335

НڰК 0.215 0.219 0.223 0.230 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

߄ 4-12 Нݝࣳዀྖ౽ߏࡋ-D ᜪ(mm)

Dᜪᐘણ⾸ MD5 MD10 MD15 MD20 ѳ֡ྖ౽ߏࡋ(mm) 0.26 0.26 0.37 0.28

НڰК 0.215 0.22 0.23 0.225 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

58

კ 4-21 ྖ౽၂ᡍკ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

2.බ࿼၂ᡍ

බ࿼ਔ໔ޑ่݀ૈᡉҢᒿ๱ௗ๱Ꮚࡼπਔ໔ޑቚуǴౠᑄᗹ๱य़ᑈޑᡂϯǴ

྽ᗹ๱य़ᑈ෧Ͽਔၨܰ೷ԋᗹ๱Ѩ௳ǶΠ߄ 4-13 Ϸკ 4-22-4-37 ࣁබ࿼ਔ໔၂ᡍ ΠӚಔᗹ๱य़ᑈᡂϯޑკǶҗ߄ύᡉҢᗹ๱य़ᑈᒿ๱ਔ໔ޑቚуԶ෧ϿǴёૈচ Ӣࣁ߄य़ӢНϩණѨԶᏉ่ԋጢᏤठޑ่݀Ƕ᏾ᡏٰᇥӧ 20min ϣӚಔᗹ๱य़೿

εܭ 50%ǴԶҗ 20min Կ 30min Πᗹ๱य़ᑈԖܴᡉޑΠफ़ᖿ༈ёૈ཮Ӣय़ᑈၸ λԶᏤठᗹ๱Ѩ௳ǶӢԜࡌ᝼ౠᑄᗹ๱ਔەܭ 20min ϣֹԋǶ

߄ 4-13 බ࿼၂ᡍᗹ๱य़ᑈ(%) ၂ኬ

ጓဦ НڰК බ࿼ਔ໔

5min 10min 15min 20min 25min 30min A5 0.220 97 98 55 50 30 10 A10 0.230 99 75 72 70 50 40 A15 0.225 97 85 60 45 42 40 A20 0.230 99 96 87 75 53 52 B5 0.220 98 96 88 75 65 47 B10 0.225 99 96 95 75 67 37 B15 0.227 99 80 74 63 47 30 B20 0.225 97 80 72 65 45 25 C5 0.215 96 77 74 67 42 40 C10 0.219 99 94 85 79 68 43 C15 0.223 96 94 88 84 75 47 C20 0.230 98 97 95 65 65 35 D5 0.215 95 87 85 78 45 43 D10 0.220 99 98 85 83 43 40 D15 0.230 99 95 92 75 60 45 D20 0.225 97 88 87 47 45 25 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

60

კ 4-22 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(A5) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-23 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(A10) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-24 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(A15) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-25 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(A20) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

62

კ 4-26 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(B5) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-27 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(B10) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-28 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(B15) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-29 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(B20) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

64

კ 4-30 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(C5) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-31 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(C10) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-32 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(C15) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-33 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(C20) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

66

კ 4-34 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(D5) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-35 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(D10) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-36 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(D15) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-37 බ࿼၂ᡍკ(D20) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

68

൘ǵᐘણ⾸ᅿᜪჹל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜ

Πკ 4-38-4-41 ࣁ࣬ӕబуໆΠόӕᅿᜪᐘણ⾸ჹ 5min බ࿼ǵ੆НᕉნϷᚈ य़බ࿼ࡕל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜǴᡉҢ B ᜪᐘણ⾸ 5min බ࿼ǵ੆Нᕉნࡕל܎ௗ

๱மࡋၨځдӚಔٰޑଯǶ

კ 4-38 ᐘણ⾸ᅿᜪჹל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜ(బу 5%) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

A5 B5 C5 D5

ம ࡋ( N / m m

)2

၂ኬጓဦ

5ϩដබ࿼

੆Н ᚈय़ᗹ๱

70

A10 B10 C10 D10

ம

A15 B15 C15 D15

ம

კ 4-41 ᐘણ⾸ᅿᜪჹל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜ(బу 20%) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

ມǵᐘણ⾸బуໆჹל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜ

Πკ 4-42-4-45 ࣁ࣬ӕᅿᜪᐘણ⾸όӕబуໆჹ 5min බ࿼ǵ੆НᕉნϷᚈय़ බ࿼ࡕל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜǴᡉҢబуໆჹל܎ௗ๱மࡋؒԖܴᡉޑቹៜǶ

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

A20 B20 C20 D20

ம ࡋ( N / m m

)2

၂ኬጓဦ

5ϩដබ࿼

੆Н ᚈय़ᗹ๱

72

კ 4-44 ᐘણ⾸బуໆჹל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜ(C ᜪᐘણ⾸)

74

კ 4-47 Ꭶៈచҹჹᐘણ⾸ᅿᜪל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜ(੆НᎦៈ) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-48 ዗Դϯࡕౠᑄᗹ๱၂ᡍკ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

A B C D

ம ࡋ( N / m m

)2

၂ኬጓဦ

5%

10%

15%

20%

76

စǵࡼπБԄჹל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜ

Πკ 4-49 ࣁᚈय़ᗹ๱Πל܎ௗ๱மࡋ၂ኬ่݀Ǵᆶკ 4.47 КၨᡉҢᚈय़ᗹ

๱ૈ٬٬ளל܎ௗ๱மࡋԖᡉ๱ޑගϲǶฅԶӧබ࿼ 20min ࡕᗹຠǴҗܭਔ໔ၸ ߏᏤठௗ๱Ꮚςԋጢคݤᗹ๱ܭౠᑄङྎ΢٬ளל܎ௗ๱மࡋόىӵკ 4-50Ƕ

კ 4-49 Ꭶៈచҹჹᐘણ⾸ᅿᜪל܎ௗ๱மࡋޑቹៜ(ᚈय़ᗹ๱ 20min බ࿼) (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

A B C D

ம ࡋ( N / m m

)2

၂ኬጓဦ

5%

10%

15%

20%

კ 4-50 ൂय़ᗹ๱ 20min බ࿼ౠᑄᗹ๱၂ᡍკ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

3.୊Κௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍ

Π߄ 4-15 Ϸკ 4-51-4-52 ࣁౠᑄ୊Κௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍ่݀Ƕҗܭబуᐘણ⾸Ǵ

٬Нݝࣳዀޑל୊ૈΚᕇளගϲǴ୊Κமࡋ֡ຬၸ 290psiǴࣗԿຬၸ 550psiǴฅ Զӧᗹ๱ቫۘ҂ᎁډઇᚯǴౠᑄޑமࡋ཮คݤ܍ڙᏤठઇᚯǴ཮٬၂ТڙΚБӛ

ౢғׯᡂǴ೷ԋ၂ᡍኧᏵᇤৡǶ

߄ 4-15 ୊Κௗ๱மࡋ၂ᡍ่݀(psi) ၂ኬጓဦ!

ᐘણ⾸బуໆ A B C D

5% 375.48 458.88 450.67 562.26 10% 456.17 331.77 422.27 474.88 15% 323.01 335.25 294.61 471.99 20% 519.43 553.5 449.65 425.38 (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

78

კ 4-51 ௗ๱Ꮚ୊Κமࡋ၂ᡍ่݀Кၨკ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

კ 4-52 ௗ๱Ꮚ୊Κமࡋ၂ᡍკ (ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴز)

200 300 400 500 600

A B C D

ம ࡋ( p s )i

၂ኬጓဦ

5%

10%

15%

20%

ಃϖക ่ፕᆶࡌ᝼

ಃ΋࿯ ่ፕ

൘ǵġ ዴᇡቹៜౠᑄᗹ๱όؼޑচӢ

1. җܭషᏉβӍϯ(ٯӵǺᒳโᆭᇑ܈ᡵମ׷ϸᔈ)Ꮴठ୷ۭቫޑઇᚯǶ 2. অႬࣳዀޑࡼπόؼᏤठᗹ๱Ѩ௳Ƕ

3. ௗ๱Ꮚҁيޑᗹ๱ΚόىᏤठᗹ๱Ѩ௳Ƕ

4. ౠᑄᗹຠࡼπόؼ(ٯӵǺᗹຠਔ໔ၸߏ܈٠҂ᓸຠֹԋ)Ꮴठᗹ๱Ѩ௳Ƕ 5. ౠᑄङྎၨభ܈ౠᑄ֎Н౗ၸεᏤठᗹ๱Ѩ௳Ƕ

ມǵġ ༼᏾ౠᑄНݝ፦ௗ๱Ꮚ኱ྗ

ҁࣴز༼᏾ ISO 13007-4 ύНݝ፦ౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚᗹ๱܄ૈЬा೸ၸౠᑄל܎ௗ

๱மࡋǵ୊Κௗ๱மࡋǵྖ౽ߏࡋǵබ࿼ਔ໔ϷᐉӛᡂՏ฻၂ᡍຑ՗ౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚ ϐᗹ๱܄ૈǶ

ୖǵġ ຑ՗ཥࠠౠᑄНݝ፦ௗ๱Ꮚ܄ૈᆶ၂ᡍБݤ

ҁࣴزᇡࣁౠᑄНݝ፦ௗ๱Ꮚޑπբ܄ૈ(ྖ౽ߏࡋǵබ࿼ਔ໔)ǴΚᏢ܄፦

(ל܎ௗ๱மࡋǵ୊Κௗ๱மࡋ)ǵऐΦ܄(੆НϷ዗Դϯϐל܎ௗ๱மࡋᆶౠᑄᗹ

๱ᏊҁيԏᕭՉࣁ)Ǵࣁຑ՗ౠᑄНݝ፦ௗ๱Ꮚᗹ๱܄ૈޑЬाБݤǶ

စǵġ ගрౠᑄНݝ፦ௗ๱Ꮚ࣬ᜢ኱ྗ૛ਢ

ҁࣴزୖྣځд࣬ᜢ኱ྗϷ၂ᡍ่݀ǴගрౠᑄНݝ፦ௗ๱Ꮚᆶ༤ᕳᏊ኱ྗ

૛ਢǶ

80

ಃΒ࿯ ࡌ᝼

ਥᏵҁਢࣴز຾ՉϐࡕǴගрҥջёՉࡌ᝼Ϸύߏයࡌ᝼Ƕ ࡌ᝼΋

ҥջёՉࡌ᝼—ᔕुౠᑄᗹ๱ࡼπᆜाೕጄǶ ЬᒤᐒᜢǺՉࡹଣπำہ঩཮

ڐᒤᐒᜢǺύ๮҇୯ࡌᑐৣϦ཮ǵഏౠπ཰ӕ཰Ϧ཮

Ҟ߻୯ϣวғӭଆѦᕅౠᑄ௞ပ٣ҹǴᏤठΓ঩ޑ໾ΫǶӢԜଞჹѦᕅౠᑄ ᗹ๱܄ૈޑӳᚯᔈ၀੝ձख़ຎǶ࿶ၸ၁ಒ௖૸ࡕǴว౜Α೚ӭ೷ԋౠᑄ௞ပޑচ ӢǴӵషᏉβۭ׷ӍϯǵঅႬࣳዀޑࡼπόؼˣᗹຠࡼπόዴჴˣᗹຠਔ໔ၸߏ

฻চӢᏤठᗹ๱Ѩ௳Ǵ٠ߚࣣࢂൂપӢࣁௗ๱Ꮚҁيޑᗹ๱܄ૈό٫܌೷ԋޑᗹ

๱Ѩ௳ǴӢԜाှ،ਥҁޑୢᚒନΑቚуௗ๱Ꮚҁيᗹ๱܄ૈѦǴ׳ाଞჹࡼπ ݤ଺΋ೕጄǶ

ਥᏵҁࣴزЎ᝘ᇆ໣༼᏾ࡕว౜ନΑௗ๱ᏊҁيჹѦᕅౠᑄᗹ๱Ԗࡐεޑ ቹៜǴќѦౠᑄЁκǵख़ໆǵङྎǵڬᎁᕉნǵྕᔸࡋϷ॥ೲǵࡼπБݤϷѺۭ

ӳᚯჹܭᗹ๱܄ૈޑቹៜǶӢԜගрѦᕅౠᑄᗹ๱ࡼπᒳाೕጄύǴӢଞჹࡼπ ᕉნ(ྕࡋᆶᔸࡋ)ˣౠᑄ܄ૈ(֎Н౗ˣङྎుࡋᆶࠠԄ)ˣࡼπБԄ(ࢂցዴჴࡪ ᓸᗹຠˣௗ๱Ꮚ༡ܓࡕӭΦϣᗹຠ)…฻଺ܴዴޑೕۓᆶज़ڋǴёаԖਏ෧Ͽౠ ᑄᗹ๱Ѩ௳ԶᏤठౠᑄ௞ပǶ

ࡌ᝼Β

ύߏයࡌ᝼—ଞჹ౜Ӧຑ՗ౠᑄᗹ๱܄ૈБݤϐࣴزǶ ЬᒤᐒᜢǺϣࡹ೽ࡌᑐࣴز܌

ڐᒤᐒᜢǺ࿶ᔮ೽኱ྗᔠᡍֽ

Ҟ߻ीฝ໻ଞჹౠᑄᗹ๱Ꮚҁيᗹ๱܄ૈ଺ࣴزǴฅԶᕉნ(ྕࡋᆶᔸࡋ)ǵ ౠᑄ܄ૈ(֎Н౗ǵङྎుࡋᆶࠠԄ)ǵࡼπБԄ(ࢂցዴჴࡪᓸᗹຠǵௗ๱Ꮚ༡ܓ ࡕӭΦϣᗹຠ)ჹౠᑄᗹຠޑӳᚯቹៜࣗεǴฅԶ୯ϣଞჹ౜ӦӵՖղᘐᗹຠޑ

ࠔ፦ޑӳᚯ٠ؒԖ΋ܴዴޑೕۓǴᏤठࡕុౠᑄ௞ပ೷ԋޑϦӼཀѦǶӢԜёа

೸ၸ༼᏾୯Ѧςࡌҥޑ౜Ӧౠᑄௗ๱܄ૈᔠෳБݤǴ٠Եໆ୯ϣޑ፾Ҕ܄Ǵࡌҥ

΋঺౜Ӧຑ՗ౠᑄᗹ๱܄ૈޑБݤǶ

೸ၸҁࣴزଞჹౠᑄᗹ๱ᏊޑೕጄૈԖਏዴߥௗ๱Ꮚҁيޑᗹ๱மࡋǴ٠ࡌ ҥ౜ӦѦᕅౠᑄᗹ๱ࡼπᒳाೕጄٰᗉխࡼπό྽೷ԋᗹ๱Ѩ௳Ǵӆᔕۓ΋঺౜

Ӧຑ՗ౠᑄᗹ๱܄ૈޑБݤǴ࣬ߞૈԖਏׯ๓୯ϣࡌᑐނѦᕅౠᑄ௞ပᏤठΓ঩

໾ΫޑკǴ٠ૈ෧Ͽ௞ပࡕाख़ཥᗹຠޑ࿶຤٠෧Ͽ׷਑ޑੁ຤Ǵၲډ࿯ૈ෧ᅹ ᆶ҉ុว৖ޑҞ኱Ƕ࣬ߞऩૈၲډԜҞ኱Ǵჹܭ୯ϣౠᑄౢ཰ޑว৖Ψࢂ࣬྽Ԗ ਏ੻ޑǶ

82

ୖԵਜҞ

[1]זૻʏ୷ໜനଯነϺኴ! ౠᑄগပઅԝ 7 Ԓ஁Ǵޗ཮ύЈʏ୷ໜൔᏤǴ2013ǴǶ [2]ଯጰကǴࡌᑐނѦᕅౠᑄӍϯচӢᆶჹ฼ϐࣴزаεᏢᏢਠࡌᑐࣁٯǴᅺγ ፕЎǴ୯ҥԋфεᏢࡌᑐࣴز܌ǴѠࠄǴ2000Ƕ

[3]ᅇᐇҾ཰Ǵᆵ᡼ೕጄ኱ྗ(CNS)Ǵ2014Ǵ

[4]׵ЎҖǴౠᑄπำ׷਑ᗹ๱ޕ၂ᡍᆶࣴزǴᅺγፕЎǴ୯ҥѠчࣽמεᏢǴ ѠчǴ2005Ƕ

[5]ξ஘ࡌ΋ǵҲᛯၲΨኗǵླྀຽຐ᝿ǴȨВҁౠᑄࡼπמೌᐕўᡂᎂᆶཥπݤϐ [6]Ϊӄ଻ǵহቐྦǵўలើǵЦࡾΦǴύ୯ѱ൑ౠᑄ߄य़߄ቻکጤણჹܭόӕ ౠᑄᗹௗᐒڋ߃؁ࣴزǴ2010 ಃѤۛ(ύ୯)୯ሞࡌᑐଳషࣳዀғౢғౢᔈҔמೌ

ࣴ૸཮ፕЎ໣Ǵp218-p229Ǵ2010Ƕ

[7] ANSI 118.4ȨAmerican national standard specifications for latex-portland cement mortarȩ1999Ƕ

[8]EN 12004ǴȨAdhesives for tiles-RequirementsǴevaluation of conformity Ǵ classification anddesignationǴ2001Ƕ

[9]http://ea00336.pixnet.net/blog/post/24439422-%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80%E5%

8F%88%E3%80%8C%E7%88%86%E7%A3%9A%E3%80%8D%EF%BC%8C%E4

%BD%8F%E6%88%B6%E7%B6%AD%E4%BF%AE%E8%B6%95%E9%81%8E%

E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8F%E5%9C%B0%E7%A3%9A%E9%80%A3%E7%92%B 0

[10]᝴݀ВൔǴλЈϺޜ! ଯѱ 173 εኴѦᕅౠᑄগပǴڬࡿѳʏଯ໢ൔᏤǴ 2014Ƕ

[11]ᆵ᡼ഏౠπ཰ӕ཰Ϧ཮ǴౠᑄπբࡰࠄǴѠчǴ2014

[12]ጰቼᙦǴѦᕅౠᑄࡼπמೌᆶᗹ๱Κ၂ᡍϐ௖૸Ǵࡌ୯מೌᏢଣǴࡌ୯Ꮲൔ

ಃΒΜΒයǴᄆϯǴ2003Ƕ

84

[13]Kumagai, T., Nakamura, M. and Irino, K. (1997) Study on temperature

distribution and repetitive thermal stress at interface between tile and bedding mortar of ceramic tile finished external wall by solar radiation, Research report, Shimizu corporation, 60, 15–28 [in Japanese].

[14]Makoto, T. and Yasunori, W. (2003) One consideration about the character of adhesive mortar for ceramic tile on external wall, Technical Research Reports of Konoike Construction Co., 13,63-69. [In Japanese]

[15]Ozkahraman, H.T. and Isik, E.C. (2005) The effect of chemical and mineralogical composition of aggregates on tensile adhesion strength of tiles, Construction and Building Material, 19, 251–255.

[16]Mahaboonpachai, T., Kuromiya, Y. and Matsumoto, T. (2008) Experimental investigation of adhesion failure of the interface between concrete and

polymer-cement mortar in an external wall tile structure under a thermal load, Construction and Building Materials, 22, 2001-2006.

[17]Rumbayan, R. (2006) Study of Mechanism Failure of Tile Structure by Thermal Stress Analysis,Journal of P & PT, 4(1), 192-200.

[18]Mahaboonpachai, T., Matsumoto, T. and Inaba, Y. (2010) Investigation of interfacial resistance of the interface between concrete and adhesive mortar in an external wall tile structure,International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 30(1), 1-9.

[19]Chew, M.Y.L, Wong, C.W., and Kang, L.H. (1998), Building Facades: A Guide to Common Defects in Tropical Climates, World Scientific, Singapore.

[20]Chew, M.Y.L. (1992), “The study of adhesion failure of wall tiles”, Building and Environment,Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 493-499.

[21]Chew, M.Y.L. (1999a), “Adhesion of tiles for external cladding”, Structural Survey, Vol. 17, No.1, pp. 12-17.

[22]Chew, M.Y.L. (1999b), Factors affecting ceramic tile adhesion for external cladding.Construction and Building Materials, 13(5): 293-296.

[23]Guan, W.L., Alum, J., Liu, Z.J., and Yang, T. (1997a), “Performance of external tiled-wall systems under tropical weathering”, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, February,pp. 24-34.

[24]Guan, W.L., Alum, J., Zhao, Z.Y., Zhang, W.L., and Liu, Z.J. (1997b), “Impact of workmanship on performance of tiled-wall systems”, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, May,pp. 82-89.

[25]2015ѠВࡌᑐނѦᕅౠᑄ܄ૈບᘐᆶ׳ཥπݤࣴಞ཮

86

ߕᒵ΋ ౠᑄԪዀ/ࣳዀௗ๱Ꮚ኱ྗ૛ਢ

88

Inorganic adhesives for ceramic tiles

䥽 斓

乏 㶰 檐 㶰

ⓜ岏... 98 1.拸䞷乓⦜ ... 3 2.ㆤ䞷㲨䄥 ... 3 3.嫢崭咖⸩券 ... 3 4.⒕櫭咖✌⚜ ... 4 5.榏㻑 ... 6

♒劒彖㠨... 6 ύ๮҇୯୯ৎ኱ྗ!

在文檔中 磁磚水泥質黏著劑性能相關國家標準研究 (頁 21-111)