Human resource concepts and officers

2.2.1 Human resource concepts

Human resources and development of human resources is one of the core issues of economic development - society in each country. Especially for developing countries, solving

this problem is the requirement posed an extremely urgent, because it has topical, strategic fit biological entity - socially, very sensitive to the interaction of all natural relations, economic and social environment happening in their lives.

According to Begg (1999): "Human capital is the whole process of human expertise accumulated, it is appreciated for bringing potential future income. Like physical capital, human resources is the result of investment in the past with the aim of bringing income in the future "[25, tr.282].

According to Prof. Pham Minh Hac: "Human resources is overall the labor potential of a country or a locality, that workforce is prepared (at different levels) are ready to take a job certain workers, ie skilled workers (or ability in general), by way of response mechanisms are required by the labor restructuring, economic restructuring towards industrialization and modernization “. (Pham, 2001, 269).

2.2.2 Definition of officer

Officer is a concept adopted from China and is widely used during the war against France. In China, the word officers are for general employees, staff only to distinguish the odd employees, soldiers, workers and leaders of the unions. Gradually, the word officers refer to all those engaging in escapism Resistance, as sole distinction with people.

In Vietnamese - Japanese dictionary, the word officers are also used to refer to leadership of the unions. Currently in Japan, officers are those working in the army holding frame role, civil servants or public employees are called with the word bureaucracy, common sense is the people who work in the State apparatus. The meaning of the word officer in Japan is more loyal to the original that is translated into (Cadre). In English and French, this means that the core, the military commander, forming a core in an organization

In Vietnamese dictionary, officers are defined as:

- Those having professional expertise in agencies, the State, the Party, and the unions;

- Those with positions in an agency or an organization, as opposed to people who do not have positions.

In the Party and mass organizations, officers mean:

- Those who are elected to the leadership and command from the grassroots to central facility (leaders) to distinguish them from party members, trade unionists, members (not holding position in the organization);

- Those who work full-time and are paid in the Party and mass organizations.

In the military, officers mean:

- Commanders from squads above;

- Officers from the lieutenant or higher.

are:

In the state system, officers are understood primarily as identical with office-holders,

- Those working in state institutions under administrative, judicial, economic, cultural and social sector;

- Those with command, leading position

Thus, from above, we can draw out a more comprehensive conception. Officer is a concept that means those with key positions, roles and titles in an organization, has impacts on the operation of the organization and relationships of leadership, command and management, administration, contributing to shaping the development of the organization.

Definition of civil servant

The first time the term "civil servant" was recorded in Vietnam civil servant regulation issued under Ordinance No. 76/SL dated 20-5-1950 of Ho Chi Minh President. Under this

Regulation, the civil servant scope was very narrow, only including those working regularly in government agencies, ie those working in state administrative system. However, as the country had to focus on the struggle for national independence, this civil servant Regulation was not fully implemented.

In the years 1960-1980, activities of civil servants were regulated by the provisions of labor law in general. Along with the country's comprehensive innovation, civil servant terminology was used in the documents of the Party and the laws of the State. On May 1991, the President of the Council of Ministers has issued Decree 169/HDBT defining the concept of civil servants: "Citizens of Vietnam recruited and appointed to a permanent civil service in the State central or local, domestic or international offices who have been arranged in a salaried rank provided by the State budget are called civil servants". This concept included basic signs of civil servants in modern administration.

In 2008, the 7th National Assembly enacted legislation of officers, civil servants, legalizing at the highest level officer, civil servant institutions in our country. Article 4 of the Law on civil servants defines:

Civil servants are citizens of Vietnam, who are recruited, promoted to the rank, position in agencies of Communist Party of Vietnam, the State, political organizations, socio - central, provincial, district level; in agencies and units of the People's Army, that are not officers, professional soldiers, defense workers; in agencies and units of the People's Police that are not officers, professional soldiers and in the leadership and management of public service units of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the State, political – social organizations (hereinafter referred to as public service units), in the payroll and be paid from the state budget; for public employees in the leadership and management of public business units, salary is guaranteed from the salary fund of public service units in accordance with the law.

Civil servants have three basic characteristics: recruitment and appointment, keeping a regular civil service (stability and continuity) in a state office; Be put in a category, demonstrating the stability of public servants; Be paid from the state budget.

Thus, the “ civil servants are those recruited by the State, appointed to a permanent civil service with continuous work in state agencies (or agencies or units of the People's Army

or the People's Police ), are classified according to qualification and specialization, are classified in a category of administration, business, payroll and paid from the state budget"