Chapter 4 Data Analysis
4.4 Student Features of Antai EMBA
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4.4 Student Features of Antai EMBA
According to the information published on the Antai EMBA website, the enrollment plan of SJTU ACEM has two phases: spring and autumn. Spring phase offers Chinese courses. Its entrance exam contains integrated management direction and innovation and entrepreneurship direction and commences in June.
Autumn phase is an international class which cooperates with French Marseille KEDGE Business School, and begins in November. Admission examination is independent and held by SJTU. In the process of selection, the documents review such as applicant’s company, personal qualifications accounts for 30% of the score (SF-13). Written test made up another 25% (SF-14), while expert interviews accounts for the rest 45% (SF-15). Among them, the interview is more crucial. In addition to the basic conditions required for general rules, famous graduated school (SF-8), candidate who is serving in the international business as a manager 9), who starts their own business with considerable scale (SF-10), or has other relevant excellent backgrounds (SF-11), naturally weight more.
Because China's EMBA still attaches considerable importance to student’s background (SF-12)13. Antai EMBA students' average age is about 38.5 (SF-19).
SJTU ACEM currently has more than 3,000 EMBA students who are the executives from the state-owned or state-holding, foreign-owned, private, government departments and institutions. The industries involved are ranged widely, including not only financial, telecommunications, information, culture,
13 Antai EMBA website.
http://emba.sjtu.edu.cn/admission/admission_info.html
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education, physical health, media, exhibition, business consulting, trade, transport, logistics, entertainment and other service industries, but also the processing, manufacturing, real estate, construction, biochemical, pharmaceutical and other manufacturing industries. SJTU EMBA also has the students from the state organs, institutions and so on14. The industrial proportion of Antai EMBA students is actually consistent with the talent needed for future Shanghai international development goals (SF-5). We can observe from Fig.4-1 that most of SJTU EMBA students are from the science and technology manufacturing, trade, telecommunications, media and financial industries (SF-6), these are also the much needed talents for future industrial development of Shanghai (SF-7).
Antai EMBA expects the student background can be more diverse (SF-1), and this is also the wish of students for Antai EMBA (SF-2). Therefore, in the process of learning, Antai EMBA will organize students according to the industrial proportion of current and future need of Shanghai development (SF-3, SF-4, SF-5) to avoid unified thinking.
Fig 4-1 shows the selection procedure of SJTU EMBA program and student background. Through the three examinations of application documents review (30%), written test (25%), and expert interviews (45%) with four main criteria to evaluate the applicant’s qualification, including the candidate's educational background, a manager of international enterprise, an owner of a business with considerable scale, and other outstanding backgrounds. We can obviously see that the job title of those EMBA students through this selection process is mainly
14 As footnote 13
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in senior leader of the enterprises (78%); with company type of view, most are private enterprises (43.6%); with industry type of view, most are manufacturing (36 %).
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Fig. 4-1 Student Recruitment Procedure and
Overview of 2010-2011Antai EMBA Students’
Background
Source: Antai EMBA website and interviewee’s transcripts Selection Process Selection Criteria
1. Graduated from renowned school 2. The manager of
international enterprise 3. Own business
with certain scale 4. Other
outstanding background Application
Documents Review 30%
Written Test 25%
Expert Interview45%
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Regarding the research paper, because the full-time student is seeking master 20) while on-job student is heading toward professional master (SF-21), thesis of general master tend to focus more on academic research (SF-22).
But, in addition to the theoretical process and structure (SF-23), full-time students’ thesis still need to make use of case(s) to corroborate (SF-24) in order to completely show the research logics and development (SF-25). As for the professional EMBA thesis, it definitely requires students to employ the management theory or concepts learned from class to the Case Study in line with their industries and companies (SF-26) and propose feasible solutions for future development of the enterprises (SF-27). Antai EMBA even expects student’s research to combine with the problems and challenges of Shanghai economic and industrial development to suggest countermeasures, and the ultimate goal is to be able to produce constructive researches for Shanghai and for China as well (SF-28).
Students can obtain the Shanghai Jiao Tong University EBMA degree certificate issued by the Degree Committee of the State Council after completing the courses and pass the dissertation defense. The International Class students will also receive French Marseille KEDGE’s MBA degree certificate15.
15 As footnote 13.
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4.5 Cooperation Strategy of Antai EMBA
4.5.1 International Cooperation
"Shanghai Strategic Emerging Industries Development in the Twelfth Five Year Plan"16 mentions that in the course of Shanghai towards the development of strategic emerging industries, it must establish and improve the talent incentive system. The government should enhance the talent incentives of strategic emerging industry, and implement the plan of attracting overseas high-level talents with focus on the strategic emerging industries in the development of Shanghai. The government also has to encourage the scientific and technological personnel of research institutions and universities to actively innovate, and strengthen enterprise incentives for technology professionals. In addition, university plays both a leading and supporting role to establish professional departments related to strategic emerging industries.
On the reform of personnel training, it has to encourage enterprises to participate in the talent training policies for Shanghai's economic development, and establish industry-academia cooperation mechanism to promote innovative, application-oriented, compounded and skilled talents. At the same time, Shanghai must support the education and training institutions for the development of strategic emerging industries, and attract global outstanding scientific and management personnel of strategic emerging industries.
16上海市政府網站(2012.2.14),上海市戰略性新興產業發展“十二五”規劃, 滬府發〔2012〕1 號。
資 料來源:
http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw2319/nw2404/nw29352/nw29353/u26aw30764.html
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In fact, the management talents that EMBA recruits and nurtures must have a very high international perspective and global management capability, so SJTU EMBA also actively expands international cooperation strategy, and puts efforts in developing economy and management talents with a global vision and international competitiveness. Antai EMBA establishes a wide range of overseas cooperative relations with more than 70 well-known global universities such as Harvard University, Yale University, MIT Sloan Management School, University of Pennsylvania Wharton School, Southern California University, Michigan University, Washington University, British Columbia University, Texas University Austin Business School etc. Antai EMBA also cooperates with the well-known business schools in Europe, France Marseille KEDGE Business School, to offer dual-degree EMBA program17.
4.5.2 Cross-strait academic exchanges
Taiwan's economic and industrial development model could probably become a benchmark object to Shanghai. For example, the Hsinchu Science Park has always been Taiwan's technology industry clustered center, so management talent fostering is the mission of local EMBA and these talents obviously are the target customers of Hsinchu EMBAs. These EMBA students have a wealth of practical experiences of Taiwan's industrial development; it can also be the reference to the economic development in Shanghai.
17 As footnote 4.
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Therefore, SJTU EMBA indeed had ever studied the possibility of cross-strait EMBA with Taiwan Chiao Tung University in Hsinchu (CS-15), or the program design of distance learning (CS-16). But because the tuition (CS-17), market size (CS-18), culture (CS-19), contacts (CS-20), resources (CS-21) and other objective conditions vary (CS-22), so it failed in the end.
In the future, Antai EMBA will continue to hold inter-school activities (CS-2) even cooperate with Taiwan National Chiao Tung University Alumni Association on cross-strait exchanges (CS-3, CS-4) not only to make their programs more diversified(CS-1) but also to share more views with each other(CS-5, CS-23, CS-25), and to serve as catalyst for the development of strait industrial cooperation. But it is worth noting that at present, these cross-strait exchanges are organized by the student union, thus can be more open (CS-6). If it is organized by the university, it may face some obstacles and inconveniences (CS-7).
4.5.3 Cooperating with Shanghai Municipal Government
Shanghai Advanced Institute of Finance (SAIF) was established at Shanghai Jiao Tong University in April 2009, with strategic and financial support from the Shanghai Municipal Government. As a member of Shanghai's financial community, it strives to contribute to the development of Shanghai as a global financial center. SAIF's mission is to become a world class institution of research and advanced learning in finance and management. SAIF is committed to developing top talent and cutting-edge knowledge, with a focus on Chinese and Shanghai markets and their global connections. SAIF currently offers financial
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MBA, Master of Finance, Finance EMBA and other finance related projects (CD-7). SAIF not only trains the compounded talents who master modern financial theory and techniques, and know intimately Chinese and international financial operations management, but also focuses on training business leaders with a global vision, outstanding talent and innovation ability18.
The finance EMBA of SAIF is jointly established by the Shanghai Municipal Government and Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Its purpose is to cultivate international financiers who can lead the trends under new financial environment (CD-7). SAIF EMBA constructs international and professional EMBA education system, including the most advanced financial theory, case studies, and carefully selected management and leadership courses. When students graduate, they can get senior finance and management short-term certificates of MIT Sloan School at the same time19.
Shanghai Advanced Institute of Finance further established China Academy Financial Research (CAFR) in August 2009. CAFR is devoted to construct a top-notch open financial research platform and think tank to support the financial reform and financial market development in Shanghai and China.
CAFR introduces cutting-edge finance theories, methodologies and technologies to study practical issues in China’s financial system reform and financial market development. CAFR provides policy advices to decision makers of Shanghai Municipal Government as well as solutions to financial institutions and corporations.
18 SAIF website: http://www.saif.sjtu.edu.cn/
19 As footnote 18.
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CAFR collaborates with China and Shanghai’s government agencies closely and has been appointed as the academic research partner for the People’s Bank of China, Shanghai Head Office. CARF has established extensive research network with institutions in academia and financial industry such as European Risk Management Research Consortium, IBM and Moody's Corporation etc. It also hosts high-end event series for scholars, government officials and industry elites to exchange ideas. Shanghai Finance Forum, one of its event series, has been recognized as an influential communication platform to discuss the issues in developing Shanghai into an international financial center20.
20 CARF website: http://en.cafr.cn/About/Index.aspx
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CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS
This study adopted case study approach, and selected a quite remarkable and long developed EMBA in Shanghai, Jiao Tong University's ACEM EMBA, as our subject. We explored four dimensions: the curriculum design, faculty arrangement, student feature, cooperation strategies by analyzing transcripts of in-depth interview and official website contents, brochures and other materials to identify the relationship between SJTU EMBA and required management talents of Shanghai regional economic development.
5.1 Research Findings
5.1.1 The Management Practices module, SJTU Features Integration module and International module have strong relations with the development of Shanghai's strategic emerging industries among the five modules of SJTU EMBA curriculums
SJTU EMBA curriculums can be categorized into five modules: Residential module at the beginning of the semester and before graduation, Methodology module, Management Practice module, International module, and SJTU Features Integration module. The Management Practices module, SJTU Features Integration module and International module have more apparent relations with the development of Shanghai's strategic emerging industries, such as financial services, Internet, transport and logistics, energy saving and environmental protection industries, compared with other two modules. We infer that the Residential module at the beginning of the semester and before graduation is
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mainly to identify, reflect and practice for students leadership, and focuses on the reviewing of individual's internal leadership, while the Methodology module is mainly to teach students research methods. So the association of these two modules and Shanghai regional economic development direction is weaker.
5.1.2 SJTU EMBA faculty’s professions has the strongest relations with International Economic and Financial Centers of "Shanghai Strategic Emerging Industries Development in the Twelfth Five Year Plan".
As for the faculty arrangement of SJTU EMBA, Antai EMBA faculty group currently has many professors, whose expertise are regional economic development and Chinese economy. According to "Shanghai Strategic Emerging Industries Development in the Twelfth Five Year Plan" issued by Shanghai municipal government, the key directions of future Shanghai development is the realization of the Four Centers: International Economic Centre, International Financial Centre, International Trade Centre, and International Trans Shipping Centre. After analyzing the research fields of Antai EMBA professors, we found that SJTU EMBA faculty’s professions has the strongest relations with International Economic Centre and International Financial Centre among the four goals, because many professors’ backgrounds are in Finance and Economics.
5.1.3 The industrial proportion of SJTU EMBA students is actually consistent with the required talents of Shanghai’s future international development goals. This reflects the urgent talents need for future industrial development of Shanghai.
Regarding the dimension of Antai EMBA student features, the industrial
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proportion of Antai EMBA students is actually consistent with the required talents of Shanghai’s future international development goals. Most of the SJTU EMBA students come from science and technology manufacturing, trade, telecommunications, media, and financial industries. This reflects the urgent talents need for future industrial development of Shanghai. In terms of the thesis research, it is expected that EMBA students study their industries and companies mainly and propose feasible solutions for their companies’ future development based on the management theories learning from the class. Antai EMBA even expects student’s research to combine with the problems and challenges of Shanghai’s economic and industrial development to suggest countermeasures, and the ultimate goal is to produce constructive researches for Shanghai as well as the country.
5.1.4 SJTU EMBA has adopted three strategies: the international renowned academic institutions, the cross-strait academic exchanges, and local government.
In terms of cooperation strategies, SJTU EMBA has adopted three strategies. The first is for international renowned academic institutions, the second is for the cross-strait academic exchanges, and the third is local government. About international cooperation, because the management talents SJTU EMBA recruits and nurtures must have high international perspectives and global management capabilities, therefore, SJTU EMBA also actively expands international cooperation strategy to dedicate to develop outstanding economic management talents with global vision and international competitiveness in order to meet the desired goals of Shanghai’s economic development.
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In terms of cross-strait academic exchanges, Taiwan's economic and industrial development mode can serve as the benchmark for Shanghai. For instance, the Hsinchu Science Park has always been the important center of Taiwan's technology industries, so cultivating management talents should be the mission of local EMBA, and these people are also their target customers. These EMBA students have a wealth of practical experiences of Taiwan's industrial development, it can be used as reference to the economic development in Shanghai. SJTU EMBA is also willing to have more interaction with National Chiao Tung University in Taiwan.
Finally, regarding the cooperation with local government, SJTU's ACEM cooperates with the Shanghai Municipal Government to establish Shanghai Advanced Institute of Finance, and offers financial EMBA to develop business leaders with global vision, outstanding talents and innovation ability to meet the urgent need of financial industrial development of Shanghai and China.
5.2 Research Limitations
The objectives of Shanghai regional economic development are four: the International Economic Centre, International Financial Centre, International Trade Centre, and International Trans Shipping Centre. Our field research found that SJTU EMBA’s curriculum design, teachers arrangement, student feature and cooperation strategy are also consistent with these four goals. Therefore, from the perspective of our study, the talents SJTU EMBA nurtures should satisfy the needs of management talents for future Shanghai’s development. However, the career goals and personal motivations of each EMBA students are not the same,
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even many SJTU EMBA students are from other provinces and countries. After graduation, these students will not necessarily stay in Shanghai for contributing their expertise. In other words, the career goals and motivations of SJTU EMBA students may not necessarily consistent with the education targets of SJTU EMBA for Shanghai's regional economic development.
The conclusion of this study is limited by the design of interview questions and research framework, and the research orientation initially focuses on Shanghai regional economic development, so we did not investigate and analyze the motivations of EMBA students. This is the main limitation of this study.
5.3 Research Suggestions
This study is a qualitative research using case study and in-depth interview.
The subject is the EMBA of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. We recommend that researchers can apply our approach to study other famous international EMBAs in Shanghai to identify their characteristics and special relevance to Shanghai’s future development.
Secondly, given the State Council of China has issued four plans for China Pilot Free Trade Zones: Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian. And on April 20, 2015, Further Deepening the Chinese Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone Reform Scheme. The required industry management talents for the development of these areas should have a considerable degree of relationship with local EMBA and universities. Therefore, we suggest the follow-up researchers can
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replicate our research model of Shanghai to conduct different free trade zone research. Different regions may have different development characteristics and strategies, it may also affect the management talent cultivating strategy of local academic institutions.
Thirdly, the development of Taiwan's industry is facing significant challenges and our industrial structure is also facing transition pressures.
Regardless of efforts delivered by the global resource integrator and/or industrial technology leader, the most important key is the mastery of various kinds of talent. About the new demand of talents for different industries, the government needs to facilitate to recruit worldwide high-quality talents, and not just limits to local workforce. So, how to attract domestic and foreign top talents to enhance Taiwan's overall industrial value is a critical issue which our industries, government, and academic circles must actively face. On the other hand, EMBA
Regardless of efforts delivered by the global resource integrator and/or industrial technology leader, the most important key is the mastery of various kinds of talent. About the new demand of talents for different industries, the government needs to facilitate to recruit worldwide high-quality talents, and not just limits to local workforce. So, how to attract domestic and foreign top talents to enhance Taiwan's overall industrial value is a critical issue which our industries, government, and academic circles must actively face. On the other hand, EMBA