Success selected Factors

To aggregate the literature review of five collaborative innovation communities, we can get nine success selected factors under the three actors.

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Details as follows:

1.Industry

①Production and marketing capabilities

The Holland is one of the world’s most advanced economies,its long-term development by the entrepreneurial and innovative support, And entrepreneurship and innovation also benefited from its strong production and marketing capabilities, If the Dutch innovation platform needs success, but also inseparable from its production and marketing capabilities. (OECD, 2014)

In China, have many enterprises after the product innovation is difficult to achieve mass production and marketing is really need to solve.Many industries mass production and marketing technical ability behind the developed countries counterparts, industry needs to mass production of technology integration, especially company of high-tech start-ups. (Shen, Wang, & Lei, 2008)

②Absorptive capacity

Cohen and Levinthal first proposed the concept of absorptive capacity.

They believe that absorptive capacity refers to the ability of enterprises to search, acquire, digest and ultimately apply to external knowledge for business purposes. And in this study, absorptive capacity is the use of conversion capacity which an industry can absorb new knowledge and technology. (Cohen

& Levinthal, 1990)

Industry is the most important realization of knowledge, technology in its own field of integration, when the regional innovation strategy support program is built by Japan, it is very important to explain the absorption and use of knowledge and technology. (MEXT, 2011)

③R & D capability

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Peigong Shi defined R & D capability: Enterprises through their own efforts, break the technical difficulties, the formation of valuable research and development results, and on this basis to rely on their own ability to promote the follow-up to innovation,activities, let it complete the commercialization of technological achievements, access to commercial profits of innovative activities.And in this study, R & D capability isthe upgrades and performance enhancements of an industry, including the creation of new products or technologies suitable for their industry.(Shi, 1996)

EIT in EU through innovative funds, to encourage the industry to upgrade their own and enhance the efficiency of the industry's independent innovation has become a self-improvement ability that cannot be ignored. (European Commission, 2016)

2. Government

①Resource support /Funding

In this study, resource support /funding is Central or local government to give innovative plans or other assistance of financial, material, human.

The actor of the government is the core in Japan's Regional Innovation Strategy Support Program, The Japanese government finances the Academic institutes in the strategy through the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), but also participate in the Japanese regional innovation strategy of industrial enterprises by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF).(MEXT, 2011)

In public research institutions of the South Korean regional innovation system, government-sponsored research institutes (GRIs) and national laboratories (NLs) are important.(Chung, 2002)

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②Policy incentives

The government is the maker of regional innovation policy, including finance, industry, tax policy and technology and quality standards, the specific implementation of these innovative policies has an important impact on innovation activities. And in this study, Policy incentives make legitimacy of new knowledge and technology. (X. Wu, Wu, Lu, & Yang, 2011)

The European Parliament and Council adopted the Strategic Innovation Agenda (SIA) and the EIT’s amended Regulation in December 2013, so EIT define the framework for the EIT's operations for the period from 2014 to 2020.

(European Institute of Innovation & Technology, 2014)

③Perfect infrastructure

The concept of infrastructure is derived from the World Bank, which refers to the basic facilities and systems that serve the country, the city or the region, including the services and facilities necessary for its economic operation. It represents typical technical structures such as roads, bridges, tunnels, water supply, sewers, power grids, telecommunications. (Sullivan, 2003)

3. Academic institute

①Comprehensive strength

China's Academic institutes are almost all in the university, And the university's hardware and software strength is its overall comprehensive strength. Software includes university spirit, university image, university system and so on, hardware including facilities, the environment and other tangible entities such as objects. Hardware and software capabilities are the core of the overall strength of the university.

In the United States AURP, academic research institutions accounted for a

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very large proportion, the reason is that its federal laboratories or universities have a complete study of hardware equipment conditions. (Bowman &

Darmody, 2008)

②Talent cultivation

In this study, Talent cultivation is the ability to cultivate talents in various fields of expertise.

Japanese universities not only need to support the hardware, But also responsible for fostering qualified professionals who can continue to operate the Regional Innovation Strategy Support Program, so that it can continue to operate its strategic plan. (MEXT, 2013)

③R&D patents

R&D patents embody the concept of university research and teaching integration, ability of R&D patents is also the most basic ability to measure Academic institutes. So, the ability of transferring new knowledge and technology to R & D patent acquisition is R&D patents in this study. (Xu, 2016)

Regions where local universities possess internationally outstanding technology "seeds" in Japan, "seeds" is very important in the Academic institute of the regional innovation strategy support program, "seeds" provides a strong potential product or technology for the region. (MEXT, 2012b)