ٔӻ߇Ιᓁฤ࠷ቁԢᅋ࠷ࡦᆰଆ!
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居⣂剔䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚塓䧙䁢护䏜㚚䚖䘬ˬ㕘䲬俾䴻˭炻㗗佺护䏜侭枰⬠佺 䘬 慵 天 㚚 䚖 炻 ⼙ 枧 ⼴ ᶾ 护 䏜 ἄ ⑩ 䓂 㶙 ˤ 枛 㦪 ⬠ ⭞ ⮯ 居 ⣂ 剔 护 䏜 ⣷ 沜 㚚 ↮ 㛇 ㍊ 妶炻⌛⚈居⣂剔⎬ᾳ昶㭝⛐㚚⺷ˣ婧⿏ˣ≃⹎ˣ䷼橼䫱㈨㱽炻㚱ᶵ⎴䘬∝ἄ桐 㟤冯ㆸ㝄ˤ㛔㔯憅⮵居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔ᶨ椾军䫔⋩ᶨ椾ἄ㶙ℍ䞼䨞㍊ 妶ˤ䓙居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬↮㛇⍇䓙攳⥳炻㍍叿㍊妶㚚⺷炻᷎㶙ℍ䞼䨞居⣂剔 䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔ᶨˣḴˣᶱˣ⚃㦪䪈䈡㬲䘬桐㟤炻⍲冯℞Ṿℑ㛇ᶵ⎴ᷳ嗽炻 ⛐ 䫔 ᶨ 㛇 护 䏜 ⣷ 沜 㚚 ᷕ 居 ⣂ 剔 ⯽ 䎦 ℞ 䌐 䈡 䘬 喅 埻 ⿏ ˤ ᷎ 䓙 居 ⣂ 剔 䘬 护 䏜 ⋼ ⣷ 㚚ˣṌ枧㚚ˣ⻎㦪⚃慵⣷⍲℞Ṿℑ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷳ婧⿏炻䞼䨞䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜 㚚婧⿏䘬䈡刚ˤℵᷳ䞼䨞䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚堐ね姀嘇䈡㬲ᷳ嗽炻䈡⇍㗗䨩⻟姀 嘇䧖栆䷩⣂炻⯽䎦居⣂剔䌐䈡䘬ᾳ⿏ˤ㍍叿㍊妶忳枛㱽ˣẹ㬊䫎⛐居⣂剔䫔ᶨ 㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬䱦䳘姕妰冯䈡㬲嗽ˤ⎎䞼䨞居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ䘬攟㻋 枛墅梦枛ˣ⺞攟姀嘇ˣṌ枧⊾ㇳ㱽䘬喅埻堐䎦ˤ䳸婾᷎⯙居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷ 沜㚚⮵护䏜⬠佺侭傥㍸ὃ䘬⬠佺ἄ㍊妶ˤ ᜰᗤԅȈٔӻ߇ᓁฤ࠷ቁԢȇհࠢंـȇᓁฤ!ᇃѕѿҳσᏰॱዅᏰفఀ௲Ȅ
Interpretation for Beethoven's First Period
Piano Sonatas
ġġ
Shen, Jen-Lin
*ġ
Abstract
Beethoven's Piano Sonatas are called "New Testament" in piano repertoire which is a required repertoire for piano learning and also influenced the later piano works very well. In this paper, an in-depth study will explore Beethoven's first period piano sonatas, No.1 to No. 11. Starting from Beethoven's Piano Sonatas staging reason, then explores the musical form, and in-depth study of Beethoven's the first, second, third and fourth movements of the first period piano sonatas in special style, and the difference with the other two periods of Beethoven’s piano sonatas. The research will show its unique artistry in the Beethoven's first period piano Sonatas. The paper will study the tonal characteristics of Beethoven's first period piano sonatas by comparing the tonality of Beethoven's piano concertos, symphonies, string quartets and piano sonatas of the other two periods. The dynamic sign in Beethoven's first period piano sonatas are expressive, especially the variety of sudden accent marks, which shows Beethoven's unique personality. Then explore the articulation, rests fine design and the special devise in the first phase of Beethoven’s piano sonatas. The study also explores the long trills as ornamentation in Beethoven's first period piano sonatas, the fermata, and symphonic way of artistic expression. Conclusions will discuss that the Beethoven's first period piano sonatas can provide learning for the piano learne r.
KeywordsȈBeethoven piano sonata, piano literature, Beethoven.
*
⢡
⢡ˣ䵺婾
居⣂剔䘬ᶱ⋩Ḵ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚塓䧙䁢护䏜㚚䚖䘬ˬ㕘䲬俾䴻˭炻㗗㭷ỵ护 䏜⭞ᶨ䓇悥暨⬠佺冯䞼䨞䘬ἄ⑩炻ḇ㗗㭷ỵ⬠佺护䏜䘬⬠䓇⽭䶜佺䘬㚚䚖ˤ℞ 护䏜㈨㱽ˣ姀嬄㕡⺷䫱悥⼙枧⼴ᶾ护䏜ἄ⑩䓂㶙ˤ ⛐⻰⣷居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚㗪炻暨㟡㒂居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ㚚⺷ˣ婧 ⿏ˣ≃⹎ˣ䷼橼ˣ堐ね姀嘇ˣẹ㬊䫎䫱⮎晃䘬䈡㬲溆≈ẍ⿅侫炻ẍ䘤䎦居⣂剔 䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬䈡㬲喅埻₡ῤ炻᷎ẍᷳἄ䁢娖慳㗪⿅䵕䘬慵 溆ˤ㛔䞼䨞⌛ ẍ㬌䁢ᷣ天㍊妶ℏ⭡ˤ ⮯居⣂剔䘬ᶱ⋩Ḵ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚徸ᶨ䞼䨞炻⎗徥㹗↢居⣂剔ᶨ䓇∝ἄ䘬嵛 嶉炻⎗奨⮇⇘⼴ᶾ枛㦪⭞∝ἄ䘬➢㛔ㇳ㱽⸦᷶⛐忁悐ἄ⑩ᷕ䘤䎦ˤ枛㦪⬠⭞⮯ 居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚↮㛇㍊妶炻⌛⚈⛐㶙ℍ䞼䨞⼴炻⎗䘤䎦居⣂剔⎬ᾳ昶㭝⛐㚚 ⺷ˣ婧⿏ˣ≃⹎ˣ䷼橼䫱㈨㱽炻㚱℞ᶵ⎴䘬∝ἄ桐㟤冯昶㭝⿏ㆸ㝄ˤ⎗奨⮇⇘ 居⣂剔ᶨ䓇∝ἄ㈨㱽䓙⎌℠䘬慵⛯堉ˣ䳸岤䘤⯽炻㻠⍿䔞㗪㮹ᷣˣ㴒㻓⿅㼖⼙ 枧炻⮳㯪㚜寸䘬⼊⺷冯㈨㱽㓡嬲炻 ⎬䧖䨩䟜冯▿娎烊⛐㘂㛇ἄ⑩ᷕ炻⎗奨 ⮇⇘℞䳘悐ṵ䓙♜嫡䘬⎌℠㈨㱽䘤⯽炻䃞侴⛐㦪㚚䘬⼊⺷ˣ喅埻堐䎦⌣⏰䎦㴒 㻓㳦ℏ⭡䘬䷩䚃ˤ 居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬↮㛇枛㦪⬠侭冯护䏜⭞婒㱽䛦⣂炻䫮侭⍫侫䛦⣂⬠埻 婾徘冯㦪㚚↮㜸⼴炻⮯ᷳ↮㛇⤪ᶳˤ䫔ᶨ㛇䁢䫔ᶨ椾军䫔⋩ᶨ椾炻⣷沜㚚⺷庫 ♜嫡ⶍ㔜炻⣂⤪Ṍ枧㦪㚚凔漸⣏䘬⚃㦪䪈⼊⺷ˤ䫔Ḵ㛇䁢䫔⋩Ḵ椾军䫔Ḵ⋩ᶫ 椾炻⣷沜㚚⼊⺷⮳㯪嬲⊾烊⤪䫔ᶨ㦪䪈≈ℍ嬲⣷㚚˨⤪䫔⋩Ḵ椾˩ˣㄊ㜧㦪䪈 冯娤媏㚚㦪䪈ỵ伖⮵婧˨⤪䫔⋩Ḵ椾˩烊⤪⎴⸣゛㚚䘬⣷沜㚚˨⤪䫔⋩ᶱˣ䫔 ⋩⚃椾 sonata quasi una fantasia˩烊ᶱ㦪䪈䘬⣷沜㚚䫱˨⤪䫔⋩ℕˣ⋩ᶫˣḴ⋩ ᶨˣḴ⋩ᶱˣḴ⋩ḼˣḴ⋩ℕ椾䫱˩ˣḴ㦪䪈䘬⣷沜㚚˨⤪䫔Ḵ⋩ḴˣḴ⋩ ⚃ˣ Ḵ⋩ᶫ椾䫱˩ˤ䫔ᶱ㛇˨㘂㛇˩䁢䫔Ḵ⋩ℓ椾军䫔ᶱ⋩Ḵ椾ˤ屛ˣ㺼⣷居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚暨⿅侫ᷳ⮎晃慵溆
㛔㔯ẍ居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚 㶙ℍ㍊妶炻䞼䨞居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷ 沜㚚䘬䈡㬲桐㟤ˤ䫮侭⮯䈥㴱℞∝ἄ㈨㱽ˣ桐㟤䘬天䳈ẍᶳ堐↿↢炻℞↿↢䘬 天䳈悥䈥㴱⇘㛔㔯⮯㍊妶䘬ℏ⭡ˤ居 居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚天溆堐 ἄ⑩ 婧⿏ 䫔ᶨ㦪䪈 䫔Ḵ㦪䪈 䫔ᶱ㦪䪈 䫔⚃㦪䪈 ἄ㚚⸜ 䫔 ᶨ 椾
Op.2 No.1 f Allegro Adagio Menuetto: Allegretto
Prestissimo 1795
䫔 Ḵ 椾
Op.2 No.2 A Allegro vivace Largo appassionato Scherzo& Trio: Allegretto Rondo: Grazioso 1795 䫔 ᶱ 椾
Op.2 No.3 C Allegro con brio
Adagio Scherzo & Trio: Allegro
Allegro assai 1795
䫔 ⚃ 椾
Op.7 Eb Allegro molto e con brio
Largo, con gran espressione
Allegro Rondo: Poco allegretto e grazioso 1796/97 䫔 Ḽ 椾
Op.10 No.1 c Molto Allegro e con brio
Adagio molto Finale: Prestissimo
1797/98
䫔 ℕ 椾
Op.10 No.2 F Allegro Allegretto Presto 1796/98
䫔 ᶫ 椾
Op.10 No.3 D Presto Largo e mesto Menuetto & Trio: Allegro Rondo: Allegro 1796/98 䫔 ℓ 椾 Op.13 c Grave-Allegro di molto con brio Adagio cantabile Rondo: Allegro 1798/99 䫔 ḅ 椾
Op.14 No.1 E Allegro Allegretto Rondo: Allegro commodo 1798/99 䫔 ⋩ 椾
Op.14 No.2 G Allegro con brio Andante Scherzo: Allegrro assai 1798/99 䫔 ⋩ ᶨ 椾
Op.22 Bb Allegro con brio Adagio con molto espressione Menuetto Rondo: Allegretto 1799/1800
ᶨˣ㚚⺷
䓙ᶲ堐⎗Ḯ妋 1795 军 1800 Ḽ⸜ℏ∝ἄ䘬䫔ᶨ㛇⋩ᶨ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ炻䫔 ᶨˣḴˣᶱˣ⚃ˣᶫˣ⋩ᶨ椾⣷沜㚚ℕ椾䘮㗗⚃ᾳ㦪䪈䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚ˤ㬌⚃㦪 䪈䘬⼊⺷⢗䚃⤪㴟枻⺢䩳䘬⎌℠Ṍ枧㚚⼊⺷炻Ṏ㗗居⣂剔Ṍ枧㚚䘬暃⼊ˤ侴 ℞Ṿ䫔Ḽˣℕˣḅˣ⋩嘇⣷沜㚚㗗庫⮷夷㟤䘬⎌℠ᶱ㦪䪈ἄ⑩炻栆Ụ㖑㛇⎌℠ 㦪㳦⣷沜㚚䘬桐㟤ˤ 䓙 㬌 Ḯ 妋 䫔 ᶨ 㛇 居 ⣂ 剔 护 䏜 ⣷ 沜 㚚 䘬 ⼊ ⺷ ᷣ 天 㟡 㢵 㕤 ⎌ ℠ Ṍ 枧 㚚 䘬 㚚 ⺷炻ⶍ㔜䘬䫔ᶨ㦪䪈⾓㜧ˣ䫔Ḵ㦪䪈ㄊ㜧ˣ䫔ᶱ㦪䪈⮷㬍准㚚ˣ娤媏㚚ˣ䫔⚃㦪䪈⿍㜧ˣ⾓㜧ˤ䓙⤪㬌䘬㚚⺷炻⎗䞍∝ἄ㕤 1795-1800 Ḽ⸜攻炷25-30 㬚炸 䘬 䫔 ᶨ 㛇 护 䏜 ⣷ 沜 㚚 炻 居 ⣂ 剔 ⤪ ⎴ ἄ 㚚 ≇ 婚 凔 炻 ⛐ ℞ ᷕ ㇶ ⮎ ⛘ 䢐 䶜 ⎌ ℠ ⣷ 沜 㚚ˣṌ枧㚚䘬⼊⺷ˤ℞㚚⺷嵐⎹ⶍ㔜䘬䉨ン冯居⣂剔䫔Ḵˣᶱ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚嬲 ⊾寸ˣ冒ᷣ⿏檀ˣ冒䓙㎖㿹䘬㚚⺷夷㟤炻ⶖ䔘枿⣏ˤ㚜⎗Ḯ妋䫔ᶨ㛇居⣂剔 护䏜⣷沜㚚⏰䎦䘬伶⬠桐㟤炻ㇶ⮎⛘䩳㟡⛐⎌℠⣷沜㚚䘬⼊⺷伶炻䳸㥳⛯堉ˤ
Ḵ
Ḵˣ⚃ᾳ㦪䪈䘬䈡溆
晾䃞䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬㚚⺷⤪ᶲ徘凔庫䁢ⶍ㔜炻Ữ⌣⎗䘤䎦姙⣂居⣂剔 䌐ᶨ䃉Ḵ䘬䫔ᶨ㛇䈡刚ˤ䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔ᶨ㦪䪈䘬⿏㟤⣏䔍㍍役ˤ⯙㚚⺷ 侴妨炻昌䫔ℓ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔ᶨ㦪䪈ⷞ㚱ㄊ㜧⸷⣷⢾炻㚚⺷㗗㶭ᶨ刚䘬⾓㜧⣷ 沜㚚⼊⺷ˤ㚚椾埻婆炻㚱Ḽ椾䫔ᶨ㦪䪈䘬埻婆ⷞ㚱ˬAllegro con brio˭炼㚱≃ 䘬⾓㜧炻忁㧋䘬埻婆⛐䫔Ḵˣᶱ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ炻˪ἄ⑩Ḽ⋩ᶱ炻C ⣏婧炻 厗㟤㕗✎⣷沜㚚˫ἧ䓐⇘炻℞Ṿ⣷沜㚚ᶵℵ䓐㬌埻婆炻㗗居⣂剔㖑㛇䘬⻟䚃 ≃⹎桐㟤ˤ㚚忇ᶲ炻℞ᷕ䫔ᶫ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔ᶨ㦪䪈㗗⿍㜧炻℞Ṿ䘮㗗⾓㜧ˤ ⛐居⣂剔䫔Ḵ冯䫔ᶱ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ䘮ᶵℵ夳⇘忁䧖╖ᶨ⿏䘬ἄ㱽ˤ 侴℞Ṿᶱᾳ㦪䪈㶙℟居⣂剔䘬䌐䈡喅埻⿏炻ῤ⼿㶙ℍ㍊妶ˤ 䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬䫔Ḵ㦪䪈⛐居⣂剔ℐ悐䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ䌐㧡ᶨ㟤炻侴 ᶼ䫮侭娵䁢堐䎦↢居⣂剔⅍⿅ℏ䚩䘬喅埻桐㟤炻⛐居⣂剔㚱䘬ἄ⑩ᷕ㶙℟䈡 刚ˤ⛐䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔Ḵ㦪䪈ᷕ㚱ᶱ椾ἧ䓐⇘ˬ Largo˭㚨䶑㜧䘬桐㟤炻 侴⛐㬌㰱䶑䘬 Largo 㦪䪈炻居⣂剔⌣㧁↢ᶨṃねデ⻟⹎枿㶙䘬堐ね埻婆炻⤪䫔 Ḵ 椾 䘬 ˬ Largo appassionato ˭ 䅙 ね 䘬 㤝 䶑 㜧 炻 䫔 ⚃ 椾 䘬 ˬ Largo, con gran espression˭㤝䶑㜧ⷞ㚱⣏慷䘬デね炻䫔ᶫ椾䘬ˬ Largo e mesto˭㤝䶑㜧ㄪ櫙 䘬炻⎎⢾䫔⋩ᶨ椾䘬ˬAdagio con molto espression˭朆ⷠ㚱䘬堐ね䘬ㄊ㜧ˤ忁 㧋㶙↯䘬⼊⭡娆⛐居⣂剔ᷕ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬ㄊ㜧㗗㤝⮹夳䘬ˤ⛐⤪㬌㰱䶑ˣ㉵ ⫸䨢晁⮔䘬崭ㄊ忇⹎ᶳ炻⌣⍰天堐䎦ˬ䅙ね˭ˣˬ㤝堐ね˭ˣˬㄪ櫙˭䘬枛㦪堐 䎦炻叿⮎ᶵ㖻ˤ⛐ↅ㺗ᶵ㖻⇵忚䘬ẹ㬊䫎䨢晁ˣ攟㉵枛䫎ᶳ炻天⛐枛㦪ᷕ堐䎦 ↢忁ṃㄪ櫙ˣ䅙ねˣⷞ㚱デね䘬娖慳炻叿⮎侫槿㺼⣷侭䘬㺼⣷≇≃ˤ侴忁ṃㄊ 㜧㦪䪈㕳⼳⣂ẍ嬲⣷䘬ㇳ㱽䘤⯽炻㭷ᶨᾳ嬲⣷䘬㕳⼳ẍᶵ⎴䘬枛➇ˣ䷼橼ˣ忳 枛㱽⏰䎦ˤ ⛐忁⚃椾㤝℞䶑ㄊ䘬ˬLargo˭㦪䪈ᷕ炻⍰⎗䘤䎦ṾᾹ⎴㗗ᶱ㉵⫸栆✳䘬 ㉵嘇炻䫔Ḵ椾 3/4 ㉵炻䫔⚃椾 3/4 ㉵炻䫔ᶫ椾 6/8 ㉵炻䫔⋩ᶨ椾 9/8 ㉵炻䓙忁ṃ ㉵嘇⎗Ḯ妋居⣂剔⮵忁ṃ㤝䶑ㄊ䘬㦪䪈ẍ℟㔀ḳ桐㟤䘬ᶱ㉵⫸Ἦ⏰䎦炻栗䣢℞ 斉徘ˣ⼸䶑ˣ⦻⦻忻Ἦ䘬桐㟤ˤ侴⛐⤪㬌㰱䶑䘬ˬ Largo˭忇⹎ᶳ炻䋞ⷞ㚱ᶨ䧖㰱⿅䘬⒚⬠桐㟤ˤ昌㬌ᷳ⢾炻忁⸦椾㰱䶑⒚⿅䘬ˬLargo˭㦪䪈炻ℐ悐⛐ᷕˣ Ỷ枛➇忚埴炻ᶼ⣂ẍ⣂倚悐䷼橼忚埴炻⯌℞㚨Ỷ倚悐䘬枛➇㤝Ỷ炻ⷠ㚱枹⚢Ỷ 枛䘬ㇳ㱽炻ἧ㬌ˬLargo˭㦪䪈㚜℟㚱Ỷ㰱䘬⅍⿅桐㟤ˤ 昌Ḯᶲ徘⚃椾䶑ㄊ䘬㤝䶑㜧㦪䪈⢾炻℞Ṿ⸦椾䘬ㄊ㜧㦪䪈䘮ẍˬAdagio˭ ㄊ㜧⏰䎦炻炷昌Ḯ˪ἄ⑩⋩⚃䫔Ḵ嘇˫㗗 Andante 埴㜧炸炻忁⸦椾ㄊ㜧㦪䪈䘮㗗 㫴嫈桐㟤䘬㳩≽㕳⼳炻ḇ㚱ᾳℙ忂溆炻䘮ẍ 2/4 ㉵⏰䎦ˤ⛐娖慳ᶲ⎗ẍḮ妋⇘ 居⣂剔啱㉵嘇ᶲ䘬怠㑯炻岎Ḱ忁ṃㄊ㜧㦪䪈ᶵ⎴䘬⿏㟤ˤ 居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬䫔ᶱ㦪䪈ḇ㗗桐㟤䌐℟ˤ⎌℠⣷沜㚚䫔ᶱ㦪䪈 䱦䯉䘬ˬ⮷㬍准㚚˭ᶨ䚜㗗ⷠ夳䘬ㇳ㱽炻居⣂剔⛐䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ两临⤪ 㬌䘬ㇳ㱽炻䃞侴䫔ᶨ椾ˣ䫔ᶫ椾ˣ䫔⋩ᶨ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬䫔ᶱ㦪䪈姣㖶ˬ⮷ 㬍准㚚˭烊䫔⚃椾⮓↢⾓㜧Ữ㗗㖶栗䘬娤媏㚚桐㟤烊䫔Ḵ椾ˣ䫔ᶱ椾ˣ䫔⋩ 椾䘬䫔ᶱ㦪䪈㓡䁢ˬ娤媏㚚˭ˤ䃞侴忁ṃ䫔ᶱ㦪䪈ˬ⮷㬍 准㚚˭ˣˬ娤媏㚚˭⌣ ℟㚱居⣂剔䌐䈡䘬桐㟤炻ẍᶳ昛徘ᷳˤ 䫔ᶨˣḴ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬ˬ⮷㬍准㚚˭ˣˬ娤媏㚚˭炻㈧多冲㚱䘬䯉䞕桐㟤炻 㚚⺷䁢 A炷⮷㬍准㚚㦪㭝ˣ娤媏㚚㦪㭝炸ˣB炷Trio 㦪㭝炸ˣA 㦪㭝炻Ữ⎗奨⮇ ⇘℞ AˣB 㭝䘬⮵㭼㚜≈⻟䁰㖶栗ˤA 㭝ẍ䯉䞕䘬≽㨇忚埴炻B 㭝㗗庫䁢⯽⺞ 䘬㦪⎍ˣ㕳⼳烊侴ᶼ AˣB 㭝婧⿏⮵㭼ˤ䃞侴䫔ᶱ椾ẍ⼴䘬ˬ⮷㬍准㚚˭ˣˬ娤 媏㚚˭㦪䪈炻䭯ⷭ≈攟炻㚨䈡⇍䘬㗗 A 㭝冯 B 㭝䘬⮵㭼⿏㟤㤝℞䨩栗ˤA 㭝ṵ 㗗嶛枛ˣ䭨⣷⿏䘬䞕≽㨇炻庽ⶏ䘬桐㟤ṵ⛐炻䃞侴⇘ B 㭝⌣桐㟤⣏廱炻ㆸ䁢℟ ˬ妠㈨㚚˭凔⯽㈨䘬⾓忇枛佌炻⺢䩳Ḯ㇚∯⿏䘬堅䨩冯檀㼖溆ˤ⾓忇䘬⯽㈨枛 佌⛐檀Ỷ䘬⮔枛➇㳩䩬炻⯽䎦枛㦪䘬傥慷炻冯庽ⶏˣ䞕≽㨇䘬 A 㭝⼊ㆸ⻟䁰⮵ 㭼ˤ侴 B 㭝䘬⾓忇枛佌㈨ⶏ厗渿炻⮵㺼⣷侭Ṏ㗗⋩嵛䘬侫槿ˤ⤪㬌䘬䫔ᶱ㦪䪈 ˬ⮷㬍准㚚˭ˣˬ娤媏㚚˭℟⻝≃㇚∯⿏䘬 B 㭝炻∫䟜冒䫔Ḵ㦪䪈⅍⿅凔㤝䶑㜧 䘬㰱満炻⼊ㆸ⚃ᾳ㦪䪈ᷕᶨᾳ檀㼖崟ặ䘬⻝≃溆炻叿⮎ᶵ⎴㕤㖑㛇⎌℠⣷沜㚚 ⺷ᷕ䞕⮷庽唬䘬ˬ⮷㬍准㚚˭ˤ忁㗗居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔ᶱ㦪䪈䨩↢䘬 䈡溆炻ἳ⤪䫔Ḵ椾˨ἄ⑩Ḵ䫔Ḵ嘇˩ˣ䫔⚃椾˨ἄ⑩ᶫ˩ˣ䫔ᶫ椾˨ἄ⑩⋩䫔ᶱ 嘇˩ˣ䫔⋩ᶨ椾˨ἄ⑩Ḵ⋩Ḵ˩䫱⚃㦪䪈ἄ⑩悥⎗夳㬌䈡刚ˤ
居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬䫔⚃㦪䪈Ṏ㚱℞䌐䈡ᷳ嗽ˤ⣏⣂㔠⣷沜㚚ㆾ
Ṍ枧㚚ᷳ䫔⚃㦪䪈⣂ẍ厗渿⾓忇䘬桐㟤⏰䎦炻Ữ居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔
⚃㦪䪈⌣ⷠ夳ẍ庽ⶏ䘬桐㟤䳸㜇ⶐ攟䘬⚃㦪䪈ἄ⑩ˤ
䫔ᶨ椾䘬䫔⚃㦪䪈ˬ䓂⿍㜧˭℟⎌℠Ṍ枧㚚䫔⚃㦪䪈㯋⊊⤒Ṣ㚨⿍㜧䘬䕦 楛䐨䑐炻⾓忇ᶼ栆Ụ⟼㚿㲘㉱准㚚䘬ᶱ忋枛炻ẍ 2/2 ㉵䕦楛㍐≽炻䃞侴⌣ᶵẍ ⷠ夳䘬 Rondo 㚚⺷炻⍵侴ẍ䨑⚢䘬⣷沜㚚⺷⏰䎦ˤ䫔ᶱ椾䘬䫔⚃㦪䪈Ṏ㗗⯽㈨䘬妠㈨㚚桐㟤炻ẍ䓂⾓㜧䘬 6/8 ㉵堐䎦⟼㚿㲘㉱准㚚䘬帵≽䈡刚炻廒㕳㚚㚚⺷ˤ 昌䫔ᶨˣᶱ椾℟Ṍ枧㚚䓂⿍㜧ˣ䓂⾓㜧䳸㜇䘬䁓侨㯋⊊⢾炻℞Ṿ椾⌣ẍ℟卓ㇶ 䈡凔䱦ⶏ桐㟤䘬ˬRondo˭徜㕳㚚䳸㜇ˤ㬌䧖䱦ⶏ㳩≽ˣⰌ㫉↮㖶䘬䫔⚃㦪䪈炻 䲻妋冒䫔ᶨ㦪䪈ẍἮ⍂慵ㇶ⮎䘬䳸㥳炻⤪⎴㲐ℍ㕘歖䘬㶭㳩ᶨ凔炻冯䫔ᶨ㦪䪈 ⷠ夳䘬ˬ㚱≃䘬⾓㜧˭⼊ㆸ⮵㭼ˤ冒䫔Ḵ椾ˬGrazioso˭⃒晭䘬炻䫔⚃椾ˬPoco allegretto e grazioso ˭ ⃒ 晭 䘬 ⮷ ⾓ 㜧 炻 䫔 ᶫ 椾 ˬ Allegro ˭ ⾓ 㜧 炻 䫔 ⋩ ᶨ 椾 ˬAllegretto˭⮷⾓㜧炻居⣂剔悥怠㑯忁ṃ庽ⶏ䘬桐㟤埻婆炻⌛⎗夳℞奒↯⃒晭 䘬桐㟤ˤ侴忁栆桐㟤䘬䫔⚃㦪䪈悥ẍ徜㕳㚚⺷炻⛐ 4/4 冯 2/4 ㉵ᶳ忚埴炻⯽䎦 ℞庽檮⃒晭䘬桐㟤炻ẍ⤪㬌䘬桐㟤䳸㜇㔜椾Ḵ⋩⸦↮揀ẍᶲⶐ攟䘬⚃㦪䪈护䏜 ⣷沜㚚炻叿⮎冯Ṣᶨ䧖桐庽暚㶉ˣ冒⛐⮓シᷳデ炻慳㓦Ḯᷳ⇵ᶱᾳ㦪䪈䘬♜倭ˤ ⛐䫔ᶨ㛇居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬䫔⚃㦪䪈Ṏ㚱⋼⣷㚚墅梦⣷䘬ㇳ㱽炻忁㧋䘬 ㇳ㱽⛐卓㛕䈡护䏜⣷沜㚚㚨⼴ᶨ㦪䪈ᷕṎⷠ夳ˤ䫔ᶨ㛇居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬⋼ ⣷㚚墅梦⣷堐䎦ㇳ㱽䁢烉⛐㦪㚚䳸㜇⇵炻ẍ⺞攟姀嘇㙓 ᷳ⇵⾓㜧䘬忚埴烊䃞 ⼴㍺ℍᶨ㭝忇⹎嬲⊾寸䘬㦪㭝炻㺼⣷侭⎗ẍ㚱庫冒ᷣ䘬娖慳烊ᷳ⼴ℵẍ⺞攟 姀嘇䳸㜇炻⚆㬠⇘⍇㛔䘬⾓㜧桐㟤炻ἳ⤪䫔ᶱ椾ˣ䫔Ḽ椾悥㚱⤪㬌䘬ㇳ㱽ˤ 䫔ᶱ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔ᶨ㦪䪈䳸㜇⇵ḇἧ䓐⇘⋼⣷㚚墅梦⣷䘬ㇳ㱽炻䃞侴℞ 桐㟤冯⇵徘䫔⚃㦪䪈䘬䳸㜇桐㟤ᶵ⎴ˤ䫔ᶱ椾䫔ᶨ㦪䪈䳸㜇⇵ẍℑᾳ⺞攟姀嘇 ⣦叿ᶨ㭝⾓忇枛佌䘬⯽㈨墅梦⣷炻ἧ㦪䪈䳸㜇⇵⡆㶣㈨ⶏ䘬厗⼑炻忁㗗℠✳⋼ ⣷㚚墅梦⣷䘬ㇳ㱽ˤ
ᶱ
ᶱˣ婧⿏
⛐婧⿏ᶲ炻ḇ⎗ẍ奨⮇⇘居⣂剔䈡㬲䘬⬱㌺ˤ 䫔ᶨ㛇䘬⋩ᶨ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚婧⿏↮⇍䁢炷ᶵ㊱枮⸷㌺↿炸C ⣏婧ˣ1#ˣ1bˣ 2#ˣ2bˣ3#ˣ3bˣ4#ˣ4b ḅ椾炻⎎≈Ḵ椾䁢℞╄ッ䘬 C ⮷婧炻⤪㬌䘬婧⿏Ẍ Ṣ䚠ᾉ㗗居⣂剔䘬⇣シ⬱㌺ˤ⛐居⣂剔䘬ᶱ⋩Ḵ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ炻昌Ḯ䫔Ḵ⋩ ⚃椾ἄ⑩ᶫ⋩ℓ㗗ⓗᶨ⋯旵姀嘇庫⣂䘬⋯ F ⣏婧⢾炻℞Ṿᶱ⋩ᶨ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚 悥⛐⚃ᾳ⋯旵姀嘇ẍℏˤ⤪㬌ㆸ㝄寸䡑䘬护䏜ˬ㕘䲬俾䴻˭᷎㛒ἧ䓐䷩墯䘬⣂ ⋯旵婧⿏炻居⣂剔ἧ䓐⇘⸛⮎䘬婧⿏炻⌛⬴ㆸ㈨㱽寸ˣ㶙⇣⣂⃫䘬护䏜ˬ㕘 䲬俾䴻˭ねデ堐忼ˤ ⛐䫔ᶨ㛇⋩ᶨ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬婧嘇炻居⣂剔㺼䶜⬴Ṿ㚱护䏜⣷沜㚚ἧ 䓐⇘䘬⚃ᾳ⋯旵姀嘇ℏ䘬婧⿏桐㟤炻ẌṢ奢⼿忁⍰㗗⤪ἄ≇婚凔㚱妰䔓䘬䢐䶜 冒ㆹἄ㚚㈨㱽ˤ㚱嵋䘬㗗炻昌Ḯ居⣂剔╄ッ䘬ℑ䧖婧⿏炻F ⮷婧炷䫔ᶨ椾炸 冯ℑ椾 C ⮷婧炷䫔Ḽ椾ˣ䫔ℓ椾炸⢾炻℞Ṿ椾婧⿏㶭ᶨ刚㗗⣏婧ˤ䓙㬌⎗奨⮇⇘居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚㖶㚿ˣ⛯堉䘬桐㟤炻侴㚱䘬ᶱ椾⮷婧ἄ⑩炻〘〘 㗗居⣂剔挦ッ䘬 C ⮷婧冯 F ⮷婧炻ḇ㗈嫱居⣂剔╄ッ䘬䈡⭂⮷婧桐㟤ˤ⛐ 䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚婧⿏䘬怠㑯ᶲ炻⎗奨⮇⇘居⣂剔♜嫡㚱妰∫䘬∝ἄ桐㟤ˤ ẍᶳ⮯居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚⎬㦪䪈䘬婧⿏↿↢炻⎗Ḯ妋䫔ᶨ㛇婧⿏䘬 ⬱㌺冯⎬㦪䪈婧⿏䘬斄Ὢˤ 居 居⣂剔Ḽ椾护䏜⋼⣷㚚婧⿏堐 护䏜⋼⣷㚚 䫔ᶨ嘇 Op.15 䫔Ḵ嘇 Op.19 䫔ᶱ嘇 Op.37 䫔⚃嘇 Op.58 䫔Ḽ嘇 Op.78 婧⿏ C Bb c G Eb 居⣂剔ḅ椾Ṍ枧㚚婧⿏堐 Ṍ枧㚚 䫔ᶨ嘇 Op.21 䫔Ḵ嘇 Op.36 䫔ᶱ嘇 Op.55 䫔⚃嘇 Op.60 䫔Ḽ嘇 Op.67 䫔ℕ嘇 Op.68 䫔ᶫ嘇 Op. 92 䫔ℓ嘇 Op.93 䫔ḅ嘇 Op.125 婧⿏ C D Eb Bb c F A F d 居⣂剔⻎㦪⚃慵⣷婧⿏堐 ⻎㦪⚃ 慵⣷ 䫔ᶨ嘇 Op.18-1 䫔Ḵ嘇 Op.18-2 䫔ᶱ嘇 Op.18-3 䫔⚃嘇 Op.18-4 䫔Ḽ嘇 Op.18-5 䫔ℕ嘇 Op.18-6 䫔ᶫ嘇 Op.59-1 䫔ℓ嘇 Op.59-2 䫔ḅ嘇 Op.59-3 婧⿏ F G D c A Bb F e C ⻎㦪⚃ 慵⣷ 䫔⋩嘇 Op.74 䫔⋩ᶨ嘇 Op.95 䫔⋩Ḵ嘇 Op.127 䫔⋩ᶱ嘇 Op.130 䫔⋩⚃嘇 Op.131 䫔⋩Ḽ嘇 Op.132 ⣏岎㟤 Op.133 䫔⋩ℕ嘇 Op.135 婧⿏ Eb f Eb Bb C# a Bb F 䓙ᶲ堐⼿䞍炻⛐䫔ᶨ㛇䘬居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ炻䫔ᶨˣᶱˣ⚃㦪䪈悥䁢䚠 ⎴䘬㛔婧⿏ˤ䫔Ḵ㦪䪈婧⿏ᶵ⎴炻⣂冯㛔婧䁢ᶱ⹎ˣḼ⹎ˣㆾ⸛埴斄Ὢˤ 䫮侭⮯居⣂剔Ḽ椾护䏜⋼⣷㚚冯ḅ椾Ṍ枧㚚婧⿏↿↢炻⎗奨⮇⇘居⣂剔⛐ 忁ṃ⣏✳ἄ⑩ᷕ炻⮵婧⿏䘬ἧ䓐䓐⇘ᶱᾳ⋯旵姀嘇炻侴ᶼῷ䓐旵䧖姀嘇䘬婧 ⿏ˤ侴⮯居⣂剔⋩ᶫ椾⻎㦪⚃慵⣷䘬婧⿏↿↢炻Ṏ⎗奨⮇⇘䫔⋩ᶨ椾㗗居⣂ 剔╄ッ䘬⚃ᾳ旵姀嘇 F ⮷婧炻䫔⋩⚃椾㗗⚃ᾳ⋯姀嘇䘬⋯ C ⮷婧炻℞Ṿ椾婧⿏ 䘮⛐ᶱᾳ⋯旵姀嘇ℏ炻Ṏ㗗ẍ旵䧖姀嘇庫⣂ˤ䓙㬌⎗䝕妋⇘居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜 ⣷沜㚚ἧ䓐⇘居⣂剔㚨寸䘬婧⿏ˤ
⚃ˣ堐ね姀嘇
⛐㺼⣷䘬堐ね姀嘇㕡朊炻䫔ᶨ㛇䘬居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚Ṏ㚱℞䈡㬲嗽ˤ奨⮇ 㦪嬄⼴炻⎗䘤䎦居⣂剔ẍṼ䳘䘬埻婆ˣ⎬䧖䦳⹎䘬≃⹎姀嘇炻ẩ⚾⮯㭷ᾳ枛䘬≃⹎Ṽ䳘⎖☨ˤ⛐䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ⎗䘤䎦䓐⇘㚨⣂䧖栆䘬䨩⻟姀嘇炻⊭㊔ sfˣsffˣrinfˣsfpˣfpˣffp 䫱姀嘇烊ㆾ㗗⛐䞕⮷䘬≽㨇ᷕㆾ攟枛 㻠⻟㻠⻙ˤ ˨Newman, 1988˩䓙忁ṃ堐ね姀嘇⎗奨⮇⇘炻居⣂剔ⶴ㛃⮵㭷ᶨᾳ枛䘬≃⹎ˣ ᾳ⿏悥㚱堐忼炻㭷ᾳ枛悥㚱喅埻堐䎦ᶲ䘬シ佑炻᷎ẩ⚾⛐⣏倚≃⹎ᷕṌẋ⎬ 䧖ᶵ⎴䘬⣏倚ᾳ⿏ˣ堐ね炻冯⻰⣷㱽ˣ桐㟤ˤ⯌℞ˬ䨩⻟˭㚱⎬䧖ᶵ⎴䘬䫎嘇炻 晐叿㦪嬄炻⻰⣷侭⎗ẍデ⍿⇘⎬䧖䨩⻟䘬ᶵ⎴ᾳ⿏ˣね䵺烊䚠庫ᷳᶳ炻⮷倚枛 慷䘬䫎嘇⯙ᶵ夳⤪㬌⣂䧖䦳⹎䘬䫎嘇ˤ䓙㬌⎗Ḯ妋居⣂剔⮵㕤℞枛㦪ᷕ⣏倚ˣ 䨩⻟䫱≃⹎炻㚱℞➭㊩冯㫚堐忼䘬㶙⇣喅埻⯽䎦ˤ 侴⚈叿忁ṃᶵ⎴䫎嘇炻ἧ居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚⏰䎦䈡㬲䘬桐㟤ˤ㺼 ⣷侭⛐嬨嬄㗪炻ㅱṼ䳘㕇惴炻啱叿枛䫎攟䞕ˣ㦪⎍桐㟤ˣ㦪䪈桐㟤侴岎Ḱᶵ⎴ 䘬䨩⻟ᶵ⎴䘬娖慳炻ẍ忼ㆸ居⣂剔枛㦪㤝ᾳ⿏ˣ㓷扛䘬ね䵺堐䎦ˤ
Ḽ
Ḽˣ忳枛㱽
⛐居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ炻忳枛㱽䘬姣姀㤝䁢Ṽ䳘ˤ嶛枛ˣ䞕≽㨇ˣ ⚻㹹䶂䫱䘮㧁䣢䘬㤝㶭㤂炻⎗奨⮇⇘ἄ㚚⭞㓷扛䘬ねデ堐忼ˤ䓙忁ṃ忳枛㱽䘬 姣姀炻⎗デ⍿⇘居⣂剔⎬⺷⎬㧋䘬㦪⎍炻㦪⎍ᷕᶵ⎴䘬婆㯋ˤ㺼⣷侭啱叿忳枛 㱽䘬姣姀炻侴⮵居⣂剔枛㦪䘬婆⎍㚱Ḯ妋ˣ゛⁷炻ㇵ⎗⮯居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜 ⣷沜㚚䘬桐㟤⏰䎦ˤ䓙㕤䫔ᶨ㛇ἄ⑩⣂ẍ≽㨇䘬䘤⯽䁢ἄ㚚㈨㱽炻ẍ䫔ᶨ㛇 护 䏜 ⣷ 沜 㚚 ᷕ 嶛 枛 䘬 忳 䓐 㗗 ᶱ 㛇 ᷕ 㚨 ⣂ 䘬 炻 䭨 ⣷ 䘬 堐 䎦 㗗 䫔 ᶨ 㛇 ᷕ 慵 天 䘬 䈡 刚炻岎Ḱ㦪㚚䓇≽䘬傰≽炻㬌Ṏ㗗㸸冒㴟枻枛㦪䘬䈡刚ˤ˨Kirby, 1995˩ˤℕˣẹ㬊䫎䘬喅埻堐䎦
⛐居⣂剔䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ炻ẹ㬊䫎㈖㺼㤝慵天䘬奺刚炻㗗⯽䎦居⣂剔喅埻 䱦橻冯居⣂剔枛㦪ᾳ⿏䈡刚䘬慵天㧆䲸ˤ⛐䫔ᶨˣᶱˣ⚃䫱⾓㜧㦪䪈ᷕ居⣂剔 ⮯ẹ㬊䫎姣姀䘬㤝䁢䱦䡢炻⯌℞㗗ℓˣ⋩ℕ↮ẹ㬊䫎䘬Ṽ䳘忳䓐炻ἧ≽㨇ˣ㦪 ⎍䓊䓇Ḯ䌐䈡ˣ歖㖶䘬⿏㟤ˤ侴䫔Ḵ㦪䪈ᷕ攟ẹ㬊䫎䘬忳䓐炻㚜ἧ居⣂剔䘬枛 㦪⡆≈姙⣂ↅ㬊ˣ⮏朄ˣ㰱満䘬≃慷炻⡆㶣⅍⿅䘬喅埻⿏㟤ˤ䫔Ḵ㦪䪈ㄊ㜧㦪 䪈ᷕⷠ⛐ᶨᾳ⚻㹹䶂䘬䞕≽㨇ᷳ⼴炻⛐⼴⋲㉵㶣≈ℓ↮ẹ㬊䫎炻㺼⣷㗪⮵⼴⋲ ㉵ℓ↮ẹ㬊䫎䘬Ṽ䳘㌴㎉炻⮯ἧ枛㦪㚜堐䎦㶙⇣䘬婆㯋ˤ⌛㗗⚈䁢居⣂剔ἄ㚚 㗪⮵忁ṃ䳘䭨䘬暨㯪冯⛐シ炻ἧ居⣂剔枛㦪䘬≃慷炻㚜䁢㑤≽Ṣ⽫ˤᶫˣ攟㻋枛墅梦枛
居⣂剔护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ㤝℟䈡刚䘬攟㻋枛墅梦枛炻⛐䫔ᶨ㛇䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚⌛ ⏰䎦ˤἳ⤪䫔ᶱ椾护䏜⣷沜㚚䫔⚃㦪䪈䳸㜇⇵炻⌛ẍ攟㻋枛ⷞ崟㦪㚚䘬㯋⊊冯≃慷䘬⯽⺞ˤ㬌ㇳ㱽⛐䫔Ḵˣᶱ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ㚜䘤⯽⼿㵳㺻䚉农炻㗗居⣂剔 护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬慵天䈡刚ㇳ㱽ˤ攟㻋枛墅梦枛䘬⯽⺞炻⮯居⣂剔枛㦪ᷕ䘬㯋⊊㍐ ⯽崟Ἦ炻⮔敲⯽䎦烊ḇ⎴㗪堐䎦↢䱦䤆⿏䘬㖯厗ˤ
ℓ
ℓˣ⺞攟姀嘇
⛐居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ昌䫔ᶱ㦪䪈⮷㬍准㚚ˣ娤媏㚚⢾炻℞Ṿ㦪 䪈⣂䳸㜇㕤攟枛ㆾẹ㬊䫎䘬⺞攟姀嘇炻㬌䁢䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚䘬慵天䈡刚ˤ居 ⣂剔⮯㦪䪈䳸㜇⛐寸䚃䘬攟枛炻⺞⬽枛枧烊ㆾ㗗㴰⣙㕤 pp ⮷倚⺞⯽䘬攟枛烊 ㆾ⻟⣏≃⹎ ff 䳫ᷳ⼴䘬ẹ㬊䫎⺞攟炻䓊䓇⮔⺋䘬⚆枛ᶨ凔烊悥⯽䎦居⣂剔╄ ッ⮯枛㦪䳸㜇㕤䃉旸⮔⺋䘬䨢攻デ炻嬻枛㦪䘬㯋枣䃉旸⯽⺞ˤḅˣṌ枧⊾
居⣂剔䘬䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚㤝℟Ṍ枧⊾䘬䈡岒ˤ⻎䛦⣂ˣ䷼⹎寸炻ἧ 枛㦪㷦⍂ˣ㯋⊊漸⣏ˤ枛➇⮔⺋炻⾓忇枛佌ἧ护䏜㺼⣷㈨ⶏ⃭↮⯽䎦ˤ侴寸 䘬≽㨇ˣ㕳⼳嬲⊾炻ἧ㺼⣷侭⭡㖻゛⁷ㆸᶵ⎴㦪☐䘬倚枛䈡岒冯ᾳ⿏ˤ⚃ᾳ㦪 䪈 㚚 ⺷ 㝞 㥳 䘬 漸 ⣏ Ṏ ⤪ Ṍ 枧 㚚 ᶨ 凔 ˤ 㺼 ⣷ 侭 暨 ℟ ⃭ 㱃 䘬 橼 ≃ 冯 㶭 㘘 䘬 怷 廗 ↮ 㜸炻ㇵ⎗⮯㔜椾⣷沜㚚㌴㎉炻㷠↫㚱检ˤ⍫ˣ䳸婾
居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷沜㚚晾䃞㺼⣷㗪攻攟炻㝞㥳漸⣏烊Ữ㚚⺷㖶䡢ˣ䳬䷼ ♜嫡炻≽㨇ˣ㕳⼳䘤⯽怷廗㶭㘘ˤ⮵㺼⣷侭侴妨炻傥㶭㤂Ḯ妋℞䳸㥳ˣ㭝句炻 傰䴉㤝↮㖶ˤ 侴℞寸䘬ℏ⭡⮵㕤护䏜⭞㗗㚨⤥䘬妻䶜ˤ寸䘬≽㨇ˣ㕳⼳䘤⯽ˣ⎗⮵ 枛㦪䘬婆㱽㚱㚨➢䢶䘬娵䞍䎮妋烊䭨⣷嬲⊾寸ˣ㕳⼳⃒伶ˣ≃⹎嬲⊾Ⰼ㫉䛦 ⣂炻⎗妻䶜ᾳ⿏寸歖㖶䘬㺼⣷堐䎦烊 忳枛㱽嬲⊾寸⎗妻䶜⎬䧖㊯≃㈨ⶏ烊 ẹ㬊䫎䘬㌴㎉ˣ⺞攟姀嘇䫱喅埻堐䎦炻⎗䏊䢐㺼⣷侭䳘兑䘬⽫⿅冯㯋枣䘬㌴㍏ 傥≃烊 䳫䘬寸䚃炻⎗妻䶜㺼⣷侭䘬㊯≃冯⻰⣷㈨ⶏˤ居⣂剔䫔ᶨ㛇护䏜⣷ 沜㚚⮵㺼⣷侭侴妨㗗㚨⤥䘬⻰⣷㈨ⶏˣ䎮妋枛㦪妻䶜ˣ冯➡梲喅埻䈡岒䘬⨺㛸ˤ ⤪⎴㗗ᶨᾳ⚢劍慹㸗䘬❶⟉˨㚚⺷㝞㥳ˣ婧⿏嬲⊾㖶䡢˩炻Ữ墉朊⌣喲⏓ 寸䘬䳘䭨炻ℏ⭡晾⣂炻Ữ᷎ᶵ䄑䐋炻⌣ḽ䃞㚱⸷ˤ˪Music for Piano: A Short Histort˫䘬ἄ侭 F. E. Kirby ⛐㬌㚠ᷕ㍸⇘炻居⣂ 剔㖑㛇䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚ᶵ㗗⁛䴙䘬ˬ▱嗕䈡˭⎌℠⣷沜㚚䘬嬲⼊炻侴㗗℟㚱慶⽫ˣ ♜倭䘬ἄ⑩炻⤪⎴ C. P. E. BachˣMutthel 㝸ṃ㴟枻ˣ卓㛕䈡䘬ἄ⑩烊庫⮹⋩ ℓᶾ䲨挝䚌⣷沜㚚䘬ㇳ㱽炻⍵侴庫⣂Ṍ枧㚚ㆾ⻎㦪⚃慵⣷䘬㚚⺷冯㈨㱽ˤ˨Kirby, 1995˩⛐䫔ᶨ㛇䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚ᷕ炻⎗奨⮇⇘居⣂剔⛐⚃ᾳ㦪䪈䘬⣷沜㚚⺷ᷕ炻 ⺢䩳冯䢐䶜℟ᾳṢ枛㦪桐㟤䘬㈨㱽烊侴ᷳ⼴䫔Ḵ㛇ˣ䫔ᶱ㛇䘬护䏜⣷沜㚚⇯㚜 ⛐㚚⺷冯℞Ṿἄ㚚㈨㱽ᶲ⮳㯪䨩䟜炻枛㦪喅埻ᶲ䘬ㆸ⯙Ṏ㚜嵐⣂⃫ˤ
⍫
⍫侫㔯䌣
Gillespie, J. (1972). Five Centuries of Keyboard Music. New York, NY: Dover Publication, Inc.
Gordon, S. (1996). A History of Keyboard Literature: Music for the Piano and Its
Forerunners. New York, NY: Schirmer Books.
Kirby, F. E. (1995). Music for Piano: A Short History. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.
Newman, W. S. (1988). Beethoven on Beethoven: Playing His Piano Music His Way. New York, NY: W. W. Norton 炵 Company, Inc.
Rosen, C. (1972). The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven. New York, NY: W. W. Norton 炵 Company, Inc.
Rosen, C. (1988). Sonata Form. New York, NY: W. W. Norton 炵 Company, Inc. Wolff, K. (1990). Masters of the Keyboard. Bloomington and Indianapolis, IN:
