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2016 中學高級卷 參考解法

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高 級 卷

1-10 3 1. 7 8 (A) 10 (B) 100 (C) 20 (D) 19 (E) 90 708 718 728 738 748 758 768 778 788 798 10 : (A). 2. p = 7 q =−4 p2− 3q2 (A) 49 (B) 48 (C) 0 (D) 97 (E) 1 p2− 3q2 = 72− 3 × (−4)2 = 49− 3 × 16 = 1 : (E). 3. ( 中級卷 8 ) 中 1 P. 1 Q. 1 R. 1 S. 1 (A) P (B) Q (C) R (D) S (E) P Q R S 42 8 22 4 Q : (B). 4. n 7n + 6≥ 200 n (A) (B) (C) 28 (D) 27 28 (E) 小 27 7n ≥ 194 n 194 7 = 27 5 7 n 小 28 n≥ 28 : (C).

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5. 3 m m2 (A) 20 (B) 30 (C) 40 (D) 50 (E) 60 3 m π(3)2 = 9πm2 π 3 27 中 30 : (B). 6. ( 中級卷 11 ) 中 x (A) 120 (B) 108 (C) 105 (D) 135 (E) 112.5 x◦ x◦ x◦ x◦ 1 360 = 90 + 4× (180 − x) 180− x = 2704 = 67.5 x = 180− 67.5 = 112.5 : (E). 2 3× 180 = 90 + 4x x = 4504 = 112.5 : (E). 7. ( 中級卷 12 ) 中 AB (A) 20 (B) 28 (C) 10 + 92 (D) 8 + 92 (E) 16 4 3 4 4 5 5 3 A B C A B ABC 16 12 x x2 = 162+ 122 = 400 x = 20 : (A). 8. √x2+ 1 = x + 2 (A) x = 22 7 (B) x =− 3 4 (C) x =− 3 2 (D) x = 3 (E)

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x2+ 1 = x + 2 ⇒ x2+ 1 = x2+ 4x + 4 ⇒ 4x = −3. x = 3 4 中 5 4 : (B). 9. 中 小 中 小 中 (A) 1 3 (B) 4 9 (C) 1 2 (D) 2 3 (E) 1 27 2 3 小 2 3 小 2 3 × 2 3 = 4 9 : (B). : 小 1 3 3 5 2 5 4 9 1 3 2 3 4 9 10. n 3 (A) n3 (B) n3+ 2n (C) 3n3+ 1 (D) n3+ 3n2 (E) n2+ 2 1 n = 1 (A)= 1 (B)= 3 (C)= 4 (D)= 4 (E)= 3 (B)= n3+ 2n (E)= n2+ 2 n = 2 (B)= 12 (E)= 6 n = 3 (B)= 33 (E)= 11 (B) n3 + 2n 3 n3 + 2n = n(n2 + 2) = n(n2 − 1) + 3n = (n− 1)n(n + 1) + 3n n n− 1 n n + 1 中 3 n3+ 2n 3 : (B).

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2 (A) (C) (D) (E) Cn = n3+ 2n 3 Cn+1− Cn= (n + 1)3+ 2(n + 1)− n3− 2n = 3n2+ 3n + 3 C1 = 3 3 3 : (B). 11-20 4 11. 22016− 22015 (A) 2 (B) 220162015 (C) 22015 (D) −22016 (E) 0 22016− 22015 = 2× 22015− 22015 = 22015 : (C). 12. • 45 • 60 • 60 ( ) 中 (A) 60 (B) 20 (C) 45 (D) 5 (E) 40 60 15 + n 45− n n 105− n 15 + 2n n 45− n 60− (45 − n) = 15 + n 60 + 45− n = 105 − n 15 + n + n = 15 + 2n 120 + n120 + n = 5(15 + 2n) = 75 + 10n 9n = 45 n = 5 : (D). 13. y = 6− x2 x-( ) (A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) 15 (E) 17 x y

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(0, 6) (±1, 5) (±2, 2) 1 + 4 + 5 + 4 + 1 = 15 • ◦ : (D). 14. P QRS P Q QR P X Q RS Q′ SP X 小 (A) 72 (B) 45 (C) 60 (D) 67.5◦ (E) 75 S R X P Q′ Q SP Q′∠P SQ′ = 90 P Q′ = 2P S SP Q′ 30–60–90 ∠SP Q = 60◦ ∠QP Q′ = 30 ∠QP X = 15◦ ∠SP X = 75◦ : (E). 15. ( 中級卷 19 ) 20 中 8 9 10 (A) 10 (B) 11 (C) 12 (D) 13 (E) 14 m 20 10 10≤ m ≤ 20 8 + 8 + 9 + 7m 10 = 25 + 7m 10 25 + 7m 10 m 5 m 15 25 + 7× 15 10 = 13 : (D).

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16.P QR QST QR = QT = 4 cm QRXT cm2 (A) 16(2− 1) (C) 162− 10 (B) 42 (D) 8(2− 1) (E) 82 R P Q S T X R P Q S T X 4 x x QR = P R = QT = T S = 4 cm x cm = RS = RX QRXT 1 2× 4 21 2x 2 = (81 2x 2) cm P Q2 = 42 + 42 = 32 cm2 P Q = QS = 4√2 cm x = 4√2− 4 = 4(2− 1) cm QRXT 81 2x 2 = 8− 8(2− 1)2 = 16(2− 1) cm2 : (A). 17. x + 2x + 3x + 4x +· · · + 100x x 小 (A) 202 (B) 5050 (C) 1010 (D) 100 (E) 101 S = x + 2x +· · · + 100x = x(1 + 2 + · · · + 100) = 5050x = 2 × 52× 101 × x. Sx 小 2× 101 = 202 : (A). 18. 80% 小 小 (A) 12 (B) 20 (C) 8 (D) 15 (E) 19 1 r0.8r 小 4 3π(0.8r) 3 4 3πr3 = (0.8)3 = 0.512

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19× 0.512 = 9.728 10 19 小 : (E). 2 小 (4 5) 3 = 64 125 125 64 小 10 1250 64 = 625 32 = 19 17 32 小 19 小 : (E). 19. 1 中 1 (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6 中 (h, i, j, k) 中 2 h + i + j + k = 10 h i≥ k (4, 2, 2, 2) (3, 3, 2, 2) (3, 2, 3, 2) 4 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 : (B). 20. 1 2 4 · · · 小 2016 (A) 1008 (B) 63 (C) 11 (D) 15 (E) 673 1 2 4 7 10 13 · · · 2 3 1 2016÷ 3 = 672 1 2017 2 小 2016 673 2 3k + 1 n≥ 2 n + 1 2 3k + 1 中 0≤ k ≤ n − 1 n = 2m = 3n− 2 m≥ 4 1 2 mm + 1 m + 2 m + 3 = 3n + 1 3 1 4 中 m 2 + 2 = 4 2 + (3k + 1) = 3(k + 1) (3k + 1) + (3j + 1) = 3(j + k) + 2

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中 4 3 1 小 m + 3 m + 3 m + 3 = 3n + 1 n ≥ 2(n + 2) 3n + 1 : (E). 21-25 5 21. 中 小 1 (A) 16 (B) 15 (C) 14 (D) 13 (E) 12 1 A B C D X Y 3x AC =√9x2+ 4x2 = x13 ABC AXB AY D AX AB = AB AC AX = 9x2 x√13 = 9 13x AY = 6 13x XY = 3 13x 1 XY = 1 x = 13 3 3x = 13 13 : (D). 2 A P B C D X Y AXP AY B AX = Y B AP = 23AB AX = 23AY XY = 1 3AY 1 XY = 1 AY = 3 AX = 2 AY BAY = 3 Y B = 2 AY B 12 × 3 × 2 = 3 ABCD AY B 中 小 4× 3 + 1 = 13 : (D).

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小 小 小 13 : (D). 22. n2+ n + 34 n (A) 50 (B) 16 (C) 43 (D) 34 (E) 49 1 n2+ n + 34 = (n + k)2 = n2+ 2kn + k2 中 k > 0 n = 34−k2 2k−1 k > 5 n < 0 k 1 2 3 5 n 33 10 5 1 33 + 10 + 5 + 1 = 49 : (E). 2 n2+ n + 34 (2a)2 = n2+ n + 34 中 a > 0 4a2 =(n +1 2 )2 14 + 34 16a2 = (2n + 1)2+ 135 (4a)2− (2n + 1)2 = 135 (4a + 2n + 1)(4a− 2n − 1) = 33× 5 135 x = 4a + 2n + 1 y = 4a− 2n − 1 x > 0 x > y y = 135 x > 0 135 = xy 中 x > y > 0 a = x + y 8 n = x− y − 2 4 x = 4a + 2n + 1 y = 4a− 2n − 1 a n 135 1 17 33 45 3 6 10 27 5 4 5 15 9 3 1 49 33 + 10 + 5 + 1 = 49 : (E). 23. 2 (A) 2− 1 (B) 2 2 2 (C) 6−√2 2 (D) 3 3 (E) 2 4

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中 中 中 B A C D E C D BE = ED = 1 AE = 3 AD =√3− 1 AB =√2 ABE ADC CD = AD× BE AB = 3− 1 2 = 2× (√3− 1) 2×√2 = 6−√2 2 : (C). 24. (A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7 (E) 9 10 小 中 小 中 9 n = −4 n = 5 n 100− n2 −4 ≤ n ≤ 4 y = f (n) = 100− n2 f (n− 1) + f(n + 1) 2 = 100− (n + 1)2+ 100− (n − 1)2 2 = 99− n 2 = f (n)− 1 9 : (E). 25.x2+ (1− x)2+(1− x)2+ (1 + x)2 (A) 2 (B) 2 +10 2 (C) 5 (D) 0 (E) 1 +2

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x y A B C 1 1 2 AB + BCB y = 1− xA B C AC =√5 : (C). 26-30 000-999 26 6 27 7 28 8 29 9 30 10 26. ( 中級卷 29 ) 高中 3 5 小 小 r c rc 3r 5c 3r + 5c rc− 3r − 5c = 0 (r− 5)(c − 3) = 15 (r− 5, c − 3) (1, 15) (3, 5) (5, 3) (15, 1) 15 r≤ 0 c≤ 0 (r, c) (6, 18) (8, 8) (10, 6) (20, 4) rc 108 64 60 80 r = 6 c = 18 r = 8 c = 8 r = 10 c = 6 r = 20 c = 4

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小 108 + 64 + 60 + 80 = 312 : (312). 27. a b c m n m < n f (x) = ax2+ bx + c 中 x f (x) (m, 0) (n, 20162) n− m f (n)− f(m) = (an2+ bn + c)− (am2+ bm + c) 20162− 0 = (a(n + m) + b)(n − m) n− m 20162 20162 d m = 0 n = d a = 0 b = 20162 d d n− m 20162 = 210× 34× 72 11× 5 × 3 = 165 n− m 165 : (165). 28. a b 1 100 (a, b) a√b = ab a√b = ab/2 a = 1 b 1 100 a ̸= 1 b √b = 2b b > 0 b = 4 a 2 100 199 : (199). 29. ( 中級卷 30 ) 64 64× 63 ÷ 2 = 2016 中 中

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64 中 31 64 31 64 + 30 + 2× 31 = 156 n 中 n Mn Mn ≥ n + n 2 − 2 + 2 × ( n 2 − 1) = 5 2n− 4 n Mn = 52n− 4 n = 4 Mn = 6 = 5 2 × 4 − 4 P Q (i) P Q R P R QR (ii) P Q R S P R P S QR QS RS. P Q P R Q (i) (ii) P S R Q

(ii) 4 (i) (ii) (ii) (ii) 6 + 5× 1 2(n− 4) = 5 2 n− 4 (i) (ii) n = 4 n nn (i) (ii) X V Y U P P 5 中 XY U V XY P XU Y V XY U V XU Y V 中 ( ) P 5 XU Y V ̸= P XU Y V P XU XU P P 4 4 (i) (ii) n (ii) Mn= 52n− 4 M64 = 160− 4 = 156 : (156).

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2 1 64 + 30 + 2× 31 = 156 64 A B C D XAC BD X AC BD ABCD AB BC CD DA ABCD f + v = e + 2 中 64 64 q t v = 64 + q 64 f = 1 + t + 4q 64 t e 中 2e = 64 + 3 (t + 4q) c = e− 2q = 32 + 3 2t + 4q f + v = e + 2 0 = (f + v)− (e + 2) = (65 + t + 5q) − (34 +3 2t + 6q) = 31 1 2t− q c = 32 + 3 2t + 4(31− 1 2t) = 156 1 2t 156 q = 31 t = 0 : (156). 3 1 64 + 30 + 2× 31 = 156 中 中 64 64 中 64 64 中 4 4 P

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A B C X P P BC AX 中 A B C P X P P ABC AB ACP AB AB P AB AB BC BC AX AB 中 中 64 64 62 64 + 61 = 125 中 31 125 + 31 = 156 64 62 31 156 : (156). 30. f n f (f (n)) = 2n f (4n + 1) = 4n + 3 f (2016) 1 f (4n + 1) = 4n + 3 f (4n + 3) = f (f (4n + 1)) = 2(4n + 1) f (2(4n + 1)) = f (f (4n + 3)) = 2(4n + 3) f (2(4n + 3)) = f (f (2(4n + 1))) = 22(4n + 1) f (22(4n + 1))) = f (f (2(4n + 3))) = 22(4n + 3) .. . ... f (2k(4n + 1)) = 2k(4n + 3) f (2k(4n + 3)) = 2k+1(4n + 1) f (2016) = f (63× 32) = f((4 × 15 + 3) × 25) = 61× 26 = 3904 : (904). 2 m f (m)4n + 1 4n + 3 m −→ x x−→ 2m n = 2 4n + 1 = 9 4n + 3 = 11 9 18 36 72 144 11 22 44 88

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2016 = 63× 25 中 63 = 2× 15 + 3 61 122 244 25× 61 26× 61 63 126 252 25× 63 · · · f (2016) = 26× 61 = 3904 : (904). 3 f (f (f (n))) = f (2n) f (f (f (n))) = 2f (n) f (2n) = 2f (n) k f (2kn) = 2kf (n) f (2016) = f (25× 63) = 25f (63) f (63) = f (f (61)) = 122 f (2016) = 25× 122 = 3904 : (904).

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