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1985 !"#$%&' 1995 !"#$%& !"#$%&'( !"#$%&'()*+,-.$ !"#$%&'()*%&+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-&. !"#$%&'()*+,-.%' !"#$%&'()*!+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+!,-./ !"#$ !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'!"()*+,-. ! "#$ %&'()*+, !!"#$%&'()*+,-./!"#$%&'()*+,-.
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(Report Card)(Shepperd & Charnock, 1999) !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*$%+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,*+-. !"#$% Epstein !"#$%&' ! !"#$%&'()*(Epstein, 1995) Slovensky, Fottler and Houser (1998) !"#$%&'()*+,-. ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / (Slovensky et al., 1998) !"#$ ! (National Committee for Quality Assurance, NCQA) !" !"# !"#$%&'()*+Bodenheimer (1999) !"# !"#$%&' !"#$%&'()*+,-.+, ! " # $ % & ' ( )(Bodenheimer, 1999) !"#$%&'()!*+, ! !"#$%&'()*+, !"#$% !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$(1) !"#$%&'( !"(2) !"#$%&'()* (3) !"#$%&'()*+, !"#(4) !"#$%&'() !(5) !"#$%&'() !"#$%&'()*+,(Slovensky, Fottler, & Houser, 1998) ! " # $ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !" #$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%& !'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-.!" ! " # $ % & ' ( (Physician Profiling) !"#$%&'()* !"#$%&#'()*"+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+, !-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'"#$()*+,- !"#$%&'()#$*+,- !"#$%&' 30 !"#$%&'()#$*+,- !"# !"#$%&'(!"#$)*+, !"#$ 28 !"#$!"% !"#$%&'()!%*+(), !"#$%&'("#$%)*+, !"#$%!&'( !)(Maxwell, 1998 Anderson, 1999 Slovensky et al., 1998 HealthGrades, 2002 Fogg, 1998 Romano et al., 1995) !"#$%& !"#$%&'()*+,-./0* !"#$%&"#$'()* ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + * , !"#$%&'()*+,-./ (HealthGrades, 2002 Hibbard & Jewett, 1997Harris, 1994Hass, 2001Schultz, Thiede, Call, Feldman, & Christianson, 2001)
!"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+(Schauffler & Mordavsky, 2001) !"#$%&' !"#$%&$' !"#()(Romano,
Rainwater, & Antonius, 1999 Jaklevic, 1999) !"#$%&'()*+,- !"#$%&'()*+,-./% !"#$%&'()*+,-.(Royal Women's Hospital, 2000) !"#$ !"#$%&'($)*+ !" !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*"#+,-. !"#$%&$'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-../ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !" 2002 504 ! !"#$%&'$%(!)*+, !"#$%&'()*+,-+./ !"#$%&'()*+, -./ !"#$%& 2002 ! !"#$%&'(!)*+,-./0 !"#$%& 1. !"#$% !"#$%&2. !"#$%&' 3. !"#$%&'()*+,4. !"#$%&'()*+5. ! !"#$%&'()"*+,- 6. !"#$%&'()*+,-.() !"#$%&'()!*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()'*+,-./ !"#$
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n=926) ! !" n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) 1. !"#$ 197(21.3%) 486(52.5%) 200(21.6%) 28(3.0%) 15(1.6%) 2. !"#$% 215(23.2%) 352(38.0%) 284(30.7%) 59(6.4%) 16(1.7%) 3. !"#$%&' 144(15.6%) 385(41.5%) 311(33.6%) 70(7.6%) 16(1.7%) 4. !"#$!%&' 130(14.1%) 329(35.5%) 383(41.4%) 80(8.6%) 4(0.4%) 5. !"#$%&' 158(17.1%) 265(28.6%) 389(42.0%) 101(10.9%) 13(1.4%) ! 6. !" 124(13.4%) 279(30.1%) 416(44.9%) 61(6.6%) 46(5.0%) 7. !"#$%& 99(10.7%) 293(31.6%) 443(47.8%) 77(8.3%) 14(1.5%)
(62.2%)5. !"#$%& (61.2%)6. !"(60.8%) 7. !"#$%(60.3%) !"#$%&'()*+,- !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()* 607 65.6% ! " # $ % & 220 23.8% !"#$ 10 1.0% 52 5.6% !" 37 4.0% !"#$% 0 !"#$%&'()*+,- !"#$%& !"#$%&'()*+,-) !"#$%&'()*+,-./01(n=926) ! !" n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) 1. !" 225(24.3%) 338(36.5%) 314(33.9%) 43(4.6%) 6(0.6%) 2. ! 14 !" 221(23.9%) 281(30.3%) 322(34.8%) 88(9.5%) 14(1.5%) 3. !"#$%$& 186(20.1%) 301(32.5%) 327(35.3%) 88(9.5%) 24(2.6%) 4. 30 !" 171(18.5%) 300(32.4%) 341(36.8%) 89(9.6%) 25(2.7%) 5. !"#$ 194(21.0%) 274(29.5%) 348(37.6%) 84(9.1%) 26(2.8%) 6. !"#$ 144(15.6%) 309(33.4%) 380(41.0%) 68(7.3%) 25(2.7%) 7. ! 172(18.6%) 258(27.9%) 326(35.2%) 147(15.9%) 23(2.5%) 8. !" 146(15.8%) 238(25.7%) 429(46.3%) 92(9.9%) 21(2.3%) 9. !"#$ 0(0.0%) 228(24.6%) 500(54.0%) 162(17.5%) 36(3.9%) !"#$%&'()*+,-.( n=926) ! !" n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) 1. !" 245(26.5%) 446(48.1%) 182(19.7%) 38(4.1%) 15(1.6%) 2. !"!#$ 238(25.7%) 423(45.7%) 188(20.3%) 64(6.9%) 13(1.4%) 3. !"# 188(20.3%) 388(41.9%) 256(27.6%) 75(8.1%) 19(2.1%) 4. !"#$%&' 141(15.2%) 418(45.1%) 296(32.0%) 54(5.8%) 17(1.8%) 5. 172(18.6%) 366(39.5%) 324(35.0%) 39(4.2%) 25(2.7%) 6. !"#$%& 143(15.4%) 344(37.1%) 364(39.3%) 63(6.8%) 12(1.3%)
!"#$%&'() *+,-. !"#$%&'()*+, ! ! "#$% & ! !"#$%&'(%&)*+,(% !" #$%&'()(Multiple Logistic Regression) !"#$%&' !"#!$%&'!()*+!,- !"#$%&'()#*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-$./ !"#$%&'()*(+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-&./ !"#$%&'() 70.808 (df =18) p<0.001 !"#$%&'()*+, !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-+./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./! !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$% 2.868 (p<0.05) ! ! 2.868 !"#$%&'() !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 1 !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()# 2.868 !"#$%&'( 20000 !" 20001 39999 !"#$%&'( !"#$% 1.609 (p<0.05) ! !" #$%&'()*+,-.$ !"#$%&$'()*+,-./ !"#$"%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+, 2.963 (p <0.001) !"#$%&'%()*+ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 0.674 (p<0.05) !"#$%&'()*+, !"#$%&'( !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./' 249 26.9% !"# 659 71.1% !"#$ 8 0.9% !"# 10 1.1% !"# 0 !"#$%&'(")'*+,-908 98.0% !"#$%&'( !"#$%&'$%()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-.#/ !" 332 35.9% !"# 576 62.1% !"#$ 7 0.8% !"# 0 !"#$ 11 1.2% !"#$%&'!(&)* !"# 908 98.0%
!"
! !"#$%&' 55.0% ! !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 (1999) !"#$%&'()*+, !"#$%&'( 59.3% 56.3% !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+#,-.# !"#$%&'()*+,-./& !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+, -./!"#$%&'()*+,-./01234(n=926) !"#$%&'()*+, ( =1 ! =0) !" ! χ2 (95% !) -0.339 0.504 0.453 !"#$ -0.189 0.145 1.688 0.828 0.623 1.101 !"50 ! 20-29 0.099 0.342 0.083 1.104 0.565 2.156 30-39 -0.324 0.296 1.195 0.723 0.404 1.293 40-49 -0.273 0.304 0.810 0.761 0.419 1.380 ! !"#$% 0.137 0.171 0.645 1.147 0.821 1.602 ! !"#$() -0.002 0.184 0.000 0.998 0.696 1.431 !" 0.076 0.177 0.182 1.078 0.762 1.526 !" !"20000 () 20001 ~39999 0.442 0.225 3.873* 1.556 1.002 2.417 40000 ~59999 0.284 0.211 1.799 1.328 0.877 2.010 60000 0.377 0.293 1.652 1.458 0.821 2.589 !"# !"#$% 0.402 0.316 1.626 1.496 0.806 2.776 0.237 0.291 0.661 1.267 0.716 2.243 !"#$ !"#$ 1.084 0.427 6.440* 2.956 1.280 6.826 !"#$%& !"#$ 0.142 0.156 0.824 1.152 0.848 1.565 !"#$%& !"A () B 0.137 0.164 0.699 1.127 0.832 1.582 C () -0.176 0.246 0.512 0.838 0.517 1.359 !"#$"%&'()*+,- !"#$% ! 1.096 0.237 21.410*** 2.992 1.881 4.760 -0.350 0.158 4.930* 0.705 0.518 0.960 !"# 60.5%.
Cox & Snell R2 = 0.074 ; Nagelkerke R2 = 0.098 *p < 0.05**p < 0.01***p < 0.001
=1 ! =0
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./ (Hochhauser, 1998Harris, 1994) !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . (32.4%) !(23.6%) !"#$% ! " # $ % & (21.7%) ! " (11.2%) !"#$%(11.1%) ! !"# $%&(2000) !(2001) !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+(Isaacs, 1996) !"#$%&'()*+,- !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+ !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()'(*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-.'/ ! "#$%&'()*+%,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-! !"#$%&' ()*+",-. !"#$%&'()*+,-*./ !"#(1997) !"#$%&' !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'() !*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+*,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-.-/ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&' ! "# 1997 !"#$%&'()*+,-, !"#$%&' 65.6% !" !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 23.8% !"#"$%&'()*+, (2001) !"#$%&'() !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$"%&'()*+,-.- !"#$%&'()*$+,-./ !"#$#%&'()*+&,#$ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+$,-./ ! 20000 !" 20001 39999 !"#$%&'()*+,-./(2001) !"#$%#&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+ !"# !"#$%&'()*+,-(1999) !"#$%&$'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,- !"#$%&'()*+,-./01 !"#$"%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+(1999) !"#$%&'()*+,-./) !"#$%&'()*+,-./0
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+, -.( !"#$%&'%()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-$./$ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()'* +,- !"#$%&'%()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'"()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()'*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,- . !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-.(/ !"#$%&'"()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'%()*+,! !" !"#$%&'()*+,- !"#$%&'()*+, 98.0% !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'() 98.0% ! !"#$%&'()'(*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-%. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 (2001) !"#$%&'()*+ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%& 1998 ! !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 2001 ! () !"#$%&' !"#$%&' 55.0% ! !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-.) !"#$%&'!()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+",-./ !"#$%&'()*+$,-./ !"#$%&'("#)*+,-# !"#$%&'"()$*+,-. !"#$%&'()(*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./" !"#$%&$'()*+,-./ ! () !"# !"#$%&'()*+,-! !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'&()"*+,-. !"#$% !&'()*+,- !"#$%&'()*+,*-. !"#$%&'()*+,-.&/ !"#$%&'()*+,-./$ !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+*,-".
!"#$%&'()*+, !"# !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+%$,-. !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./# !"#"$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,- !"#$%&'()*+,-.!& !"#$%&'()* !+,- !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 46 !"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'( )*+,-./$ !"#$%&'()*+,-./01 !"#$%&'%()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+#,%& !"#$
!
(2001) !"#$%&'() !"#$%&"'%&() !"#$%&'( !"#$!%&'(1997) !" !"#$%&'()*+,-. ! 16(4) 319-328 (1998) !"#!"$% !"#$ !"#$!%&'!()*+(1997) !"#$%&'()*+,-. ! 16(2) 133-142 (2002) !"#$%&'() !"! #$%&'()*+,- (2001)#$%&'()*+,- !"#$%&'#!( !" ! 187 121-125 (2000) !"#$%&'() !"#$% !"#$%& !"#$%&'()*+,-. (1999) !"#$%&'() !"#$%&"'%&()*+ !"#$%& !"#$!%&'(2000) !" !"#$%&'()*+,-. ! 19(6) 437-445Anderson, P. (1999). England publishes first tables of hospital performance. British
Medical Journal, 318(7200), 1715.
Bodenheimer, T. (1999). The American health care system--physicians and the changing medical marketplace. The New
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584-588.
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Fogg, D. M. (1998). Health care report cards.
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218-228.
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of Healthcare Management, 43(1),
Attitudes of Ambulatory Patients to
Hospital Report Cards
Chu-Chieh Chen
1,2Ming-Chin Yang
2Herng-Ching Lin
3Abstract
Purposes: The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of ambulatory patients
towards hospital report cards. We asked for their views about the need for such report cards, the quality indicators they considered to be important and their preferences concern-ing the organization of such reports. This study also examined the relationship between the perceived need for such reports and the patients' characteristics.
Methods: The study subjects were ambulatory patients from seven hospitals. A
self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data.
Results: A total of 1200 questionnaires were distributed, of which 926 were returned,
yielding a response rate of 77.17%. Among the respondents, 55.5% expressed a perceived need for such hospital report cards. Responses showed that government is the organization for trusted to produce hospital report cards. The quality indicators patients considered to be significant were patient satisfaction, physicians’ specialization and experience and average waiting time. Patients who had higher monthly incomes, took medication for chronic illness or who had difficulties in obtaining information about hospitals or physi-cians were more likely to perceive a need for hospital report cards.
Conclusions: More than half of the ambulatory patients expressed a need for hospital
report cards. The authors recommend that health authorities start to produce hospital report cards to improve the quality of medical care and to protect patients' rights.
Key words: hospital report cards, ambulatory patients, quality indicators.
1
Instructor, Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei College of Nursing 2
Graduate Student, Graduate Institute of Health Care Organization Administration, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University
3
Assistant Professor, Graduate Institute of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University Received: Mar. 31, 2003 Revised: Sep. 10, 2003 Accepted: Oct. 30, 2003
Address Correspondence to: Herng-Ching Lin No. 250, Wu-Hsing Steet, Taipei 110, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: 02-23452506*13