大臺北地區已婚者婚姻衝突因應行為之年齡與性別差異研究

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(7) *i1;jLj:ililEe9~~9~~~fjJ~ i:tlJ31Hl-~Zif~WttJj'J~JU1f~. ti}f §"C ~IJH~J F! iT. 1~~x1t~~ztti\i~. 175. 0. i'8) ~g-;J1±~lYfr[til. It '. ~m/}qff!HT~W. fffl ~ tHl 'JfIi!ffl fX ~Wt1l:l'H=rmi~ T~. ~" ~1L1~* *uff~.L-j'Ij:l:l'J. StonelD. 0. ~*f:lz1E31rn ' 'l'J'f 1Parker (1988. tJf~J5j~. If;ztl*. 0. ' 4tj~M ' Ec~1n!f8t~3:.~~[tB"JAD~J~ , 1'£*F:i';jtj:ili~~. t83ttB"J~f!f1*1£.;jtrtH--=@iTi&m;:z*. ' i!§ , I¥f ' ;jtV9*IEir:p , m*m;:. IVman (1990). (t0ilJlEi ' ~~1Ei ' xilJ~ , ±t*JE,) &!f~tm~lli:i'l"J*;jt ~lf~m 1~fJiU5t'~iWi e"J ~~m r:p fiii~t831& r:p fO rn &*JT J~rtj~If;Z tl:x£3:MitlI lEI Z UJf~. ~ iOO e"J IE] ffi ffl' IU~. Z*ffiftf1m. 1: tf~Ij!m ftHJ'f , ~'1j:1~ 3fftfIX. r:plijH~\H831f;Z-1[ihl1TJ1&:1Ei. 0. 1Qtl5F:i';jtm[9@i-ri&m;: , A~. &!f;jL~~~=1[~H\!*~ 111. 0. ~f&flH~~iT1&m;:&\\I*i\i*rfjB"J. •• &ttm,n~~lEiz~*A.om=~~~M.1±~~8~I&Z~M~~. , 1'£1~.f.j:ili ~fiiif~t[tll::lj ~ MER ' m-itt fY:fiiit~t83 w---1~~~[,Ij(~iJ ' tzrltrbfltl*l&/f J.E. bfilill=I -I u:H; i - /&, -;{=; ~ ...... , k0:.!I.Jl!J,.IT ImY"R. ~'J¥ftrnIf;ZJ1!~~1&. J~g1. tif1n~*UH§,,[PJfi~ztt*~f~. '. ~ TOil:. 0. fL~1£~ JtI;:~B"JP*iW;f4l-p. ,. :K~~:nj:~ff ll~~c15~~-p~. , m:K~r:pRtJ- A~~~~f~. ~IIJ (Folkman. mi&. IAf11H~~. ~-ffi~'ffi~~~)~~&1f-~~1f-A(~-~~). 'IE. ,¥~pi&$tiipJTIf;Z1~t§~m~£W;f4. '. 1~j:~'Ij:5j'J-fr*. '. 0. iR:JEpJTw\§j]FI:l'z~. 1f-tj~Ji1. (. 25-45~. ,. ,r:p1f-A(~-ffi~)~. 1iTlE]ffiiJ~1=F. ~')(~njU~~i'i'Iir:p. chard-Fields,. ~I&ffi~~*~~&~hl'~W~~~~~.zm.offi~.z~¥~m~OOA'. ilE]* ' ~T1=F I!iIri1f,j~f!f8t (. tJ ~ 7E J.E.l=r ~ ~ ~ mJ! ~ z.$ {jffi. interview). arver et al.,. ~JI:~j~[1jtf-1JJ/J\t~~.L-jm~~~t. rd: It:st M (ffd:. :I:t~~. 987 ; Thoits,. (Carver et 1971J'I B fr~tr ?CJmHT~fg~m. fItx:y ¥,Rffl ~ ~ml±J6ffil¥~ :x,-"~/ . . . ~--1'. t: 1lli f,'iJ fr~ frl!il fir. kt" IE IlfrtW , /1t: "ffln::::1":n ~ J H. ,. ~)fiJW. , lfffttJJ::. '. '. *1f-AB"Jf;l(ff,fjlJ~~*JJl-J-1tJ~B"J[,Ij(~IJ~If;Z~yj~f~. 0. * tiff §"[ 1* tJ *fi fM rt FI=I, ~ ~ iT. ~t~i'i'Ii'3'tIDJtril1'Ff!it&FI:l9~f61WJl:$. tEl:liJ&1f-tj~m;::J}tz[1~-. 0. 0. ,. *Iff. , TIE. 1[!1i] ~'J ~ tJl (. ~'3't~j;ttr7Cffl(~tJl~mJWf&. *EJf~~fJY:JjJIDJtJl30111I'3't~.rt. '. '. 3:::ff~~~j;tft*1~.

(8) 176. ~ff!Ji.!{,\:E!Wf~. m+1LWl *-~. $;fOr11. S't~~f~*1:t<Jlli~". tl5j1j ... -tF-(lifi~7t A It*. $JTJ;§"r11 tlLlJmt. ~~~. :)(LlJ~. ±f*~. *liJfJ!C1* tJ. *'~ H. ~. tz:. ~. tz:. ~. tz:. ~. tz:. ~. tz:. ~. tz:. 25-45~. 12. 12. 9. 9. 6. 7. 8. 7. 8. 7. 13. 12. 110. 45-65~. 11. 12. 8. 7. 7. 8. 6. 7. 6. 6. 5. 7. 90. 65~tJJ:.. 14. 12. 7. 7. 6. 7. 7. 7. 7. 8. 10. 9. 101. J\. H. 37. 36. 24. 23. 19. 22. 21. 21. 21. 21. 28. 28. *'~. H. I. 73. 47. 41. 42. 42. 56. interview) .L-jq)!: :fJt~DJt.*~i1Dr. ... ~~. 0. A. o~jdti": AOMEH~. :EJll.:{£@c 1~ 1'l"J *a~~ M*~. .. *~1~1rll. -tF-1t ....... ~~. m~~f:-i~(. 301. *mJ!C~tmS't~~fl*~. 30111L ' 1Q¥t5 110 11L-tF-~nX:-tF-A (ZP::I;~-tF-~~ 37 .34 ~ , 9011L$-tF-A (ZP:~-tF-(lifi~ 51.96 ~) , lO11lL~-tF-A (ZP::I;~-tF-(lifi~ 70 .41 ~ ) o ~ff~S't~~fi*& ~-tF-~*Jl5jIJf~*i3"J A 0 ME~t1if-Ha'i32l!;~ T :{£~tmS't~fi* (N=301 ; 150 1lL:!13'1'l , 15111Ltz:tt:) $ , ZP::I;~-tF-(lifi~ 52.80 ~ , zp:l;~ ~ S't ~ ff -tF-ltW.~ 12 .62 -tF- ' zP::I;~ *a~~ -tF-1t ~ 25 .29 -tF- ' zP::I;~ fflfi1'r -=f tz: A It~ 2 . 62 A mlmffff § , *li}fJ!CI'l"J~tmS't~~fi* ' f.lU)~1IQ1r~I'l"J~*-tF-zp~q~A .. ~fff'l~ " • • ~~~~'~.$~~.o*~It~S't~w~m~*~~'.lm~~R~'. El :fJt ~D Jt:lt ;1A'I~=fmA~~ (-)g1 ~t-.)J!~.. * t}lIJ .1* ~~. , ~'P<.*-1Q --a 11 ElJlJJt~Wm~¥Ji;. 0. *-J'j'ffit}lIJ~. 19711L. ~&B!JL\M (rE. 2,5,8,11, 14.17,L. 0. *~m~~~~. . ~.~w.m~m~o. (N=110; 5611L:!13'1'1' 5411Ltz:'1~) $ 'ZP::I;~-tF-(lifi~37 .34~ , zp::I;~mS't~ff-tF-lt~ 14.25 -tF- ' zp::I;~*a~~-tF-It~ 10.25 -tF- ' zp::I;~t~w -=ftz:It~ 1. 78A :{£$-tF-Afi* (N=90 ' 4311L~'1~ , 471lz:tz:'1~) $ , ZP::I;~-tF-(lifi~ 51.96 ~ , zp :I;~mS't~ff-tF-lt~ 13.96 -tF- ' zp::I;~*a~~-tF-It~ 24 .89 -tF- ' zp:l;~mEW -=ftz:It~ 2.46 A :{£-tF-~nX:-tF-Af~*. JmrJ[ 1'l"J ~ ~ @] ~ o. :{£*liJfJ!Ct:! 7tffT .. ~Jm § corrected iten. 0. o. (N=101' 511lz::!13'1~' 5011Ltz:tU $' zp::I;~-tF-(lifi~70.41~' zp :I;~t*S't~ff-tF-lt~ 9.62 -tF- ' ZP::I;~*M~-tF-It~ 42.04 -tF- ' zp::I;~mEW-=ftz:AIt$& 3 .69 A :{£~-tF-Af~*. o. It) 1&fi~1T~ .81 Iz;:J z ' 2,5,8.11,14,17,2C 0. (=)fk ~'/1.)J!~ f: *t}lIJM1*~. ,. ~'P<1JtIJ.1Q. --a '. tfu-~PJTrjc}E I'lkJ f. (Pearlin &.

(9) *·EdttiJ!mB~~~~~~fti~f&JJ!1i~z$~!JiH1J.liJ~~liH~ ~. g. *fi1f~1*.l-jJ\atfilArl=l~~. ~. ~t. 177. ~1T~~@5jIJWJm. (structured questionnaire). (. ~e~~w)W~.fi1f~.Mofi1f~M~ffl~~mA~~~~ADM~.M::Ii*"'~. a~.::Ii*"'.~~ • • *"'.~~ • • *W~*~M.*oE~~.*~~~~. Z. ~tlDT. 2. 110. 7. 90. :j. 101. 0. A.. 0 ~fG -n 1f:ifr-I- $.. (Demographic measure) ADM~.~.*.*~~~~~~~tt5jiJ. m~~~~M.~. ... ~~. .... ~ft~~......... W. .... m~~.~~~"'R~TR."'~~.~~.~•• "' ••. . . *ft~~W~~~~~~Ao~~'~~~~~~m~~~~n .... ~ftW ~ ......... 9~~#j(iRW*ftf§fCP ~~. 0. ~. §l ~ j;p f; -I- ~. (Self-Awareness Inventory ) ~ft~D.::Ii*1***~-=-llmIJ::Iififf*ilpx ' 7t5jIJmlJ.~~ttz~1;lU#M'". 301. 1~'I'i ~ fiAf~~'i¥fi. - '-. ~tm'I'iWm. 0. (-) ~ $<. j} M:. )Jl~ ~ (Self-Esteem measure). * mlj .1*~' ~ Rosenberg. F-~~37.34~ rfl~. 70 Al ~ ). (1965)fiff~ ~ tI:\ Z. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. ,~.*[email protected]~a.M.*• • ~~fflW~.~~~~.ffig,~.m. ~A'" ~1njUJt. (Rosenberg, 1979) Lee (1993) tJllt::li *fjffimIJ~ 197111px~ A ' t~ tI:\~~$~~'1'i1*.~ .72 ~*fi1f~ $ , ~ 7 ~'92.~ ~&.)L'rtJ (response set) , w1~a.Zf~7t~~~ft~D.:it*!:f:t ' 7t5jIj~m 2,5,8,11, 14,17,20,22,24 W25 a ' ~!:f:tm 5,14.17,22,24 a~&rtJ~t7ta ~~tt!tt®l~. ·1fI#*iR.Rtlf '. a.~~~~~*~M(L~~)~~.*W*.~~~~~~.~~~.~ffig. 8Jl5!t~~1§gW~~~g. Fj~~52.80~. 'TR AIt~ 2 .. ... JiTh:5jlj~g. 0. 0. 0. o. ::1~~37 .34~. ~*fi1f~!:f:t'W~$~~.*~.M~ff~ru.z~g~~,.~m~~mg. ~ TRIJ:~ 1 .. 7t fIT . . ~ a § Fa' lEI 11M (item-item correlation) ~ ~ a § Wf3t IE f~ ~ 7t lEI 11M ( corrected item- total correlation) 7tfIT ' Iffitl~m 22 a ( ~lffitl~f~frf1it1JD{§g1* . ) f~¥l~1Tm=~f§g~~ , 1~¥IJlttmIJ::IiZ~$-~'I'if*. Cronbach's a = .81 ~ Z ' * fi1f ~ ~ ft • M ~ Jji Z mlj • R ~ ~ ~ ft ~ • :it * ~ m 2,5,8,11,14,17,20,24 W25 ~1La ' 1~7tJfH;~*~~ ft.MJfH;~ (-);fij- ~fl)Jl~ ~ (Mastery measure) *mIJsmf*~' ~ Pearlin fO Schooler (1978) fiff ffl *mIJ::IipxA~t~m~~'I'i~a §. 51.96 ~ , Zf z-IJ:~ 2 046 A. 0. 0. 70 Al ~ , Zf ,-1J:~3. .69 A. '~~::Ii~~7@aJjiom@a§ffl*~~@Am~~m~~~~2M.&~~~ rfrl{ifiMJ;!:JE~f2.g. 0. .~~*7tfff~fJ!~aJji~. (Pearlin & Schooler, 1978) 'j7q $. w. (item. ~ ~ '1'1 1* 1& ~. loading) ~ .47 ~ .76 .75 (Folkman, Lazarus,.

(10) Gruen, & DeLongis, 1986) 1±1:Jtl*JgG~3&tH*IH'~ fr~')($ ~ fJ(;9iDJt.~r:p. Lee (1993) J;)jg Jl:I;;~IH311t!W!IJjj~ 1971lLRX:1f.A ' ttj. 0. .75 :tE*liH~r:p , ~ T~~HJ:1l~&:Bi)L\rP1 ' 71ImJHfJJiZP:j;~ , fr13Ij~~ 1,4,7,10,13,16 W 19 lH[ , Ar\l~ 1,4,7,10,13 ~~& 0. rPIiHfrlH[ ~;jitl'ltffl~lH[JJ!81ff6ct!lr:@]~*5'l~~ (Likert) ffoci?!r: [r1J ~ ~/f [r1J ~ a~ l"f fJit 0. [gmr~.~J;J~~'illifr~l'lt~. 0. :tE*liH~r:p'U~OO~~.*~.M~ffttOO.~~fJit~.'~~~~*~N. 5} TJT ' :& lH[ § rfcl9 tEl ~~ (item-item correlation) W:& 1m Ej Wf£:IE 1~ *'~ 7t tEl ~m ( corrected item-total correlation) frTJT ' Hfr~ll*~19lH[ ( [;s]ffi}IJ!l;R1~WfifFWtJD1-g-fJit1*~ ) 1~~~:ff~=*1§fJit:1¥. ' 1~fIJll:U~IJ.zl*JgG~:Z€!Z'1:11*~ Cronbach's a = .72 o [ZQ ~ , *liH~fI!f~A'I:1~JJ!~mlHiR 12.-a- ~ fJ(;9iDJtJi~a~~ 1,4,7,10,13 W 16 ~;\N1i ,. ;( 101 /,:;',f,j:& 3:'. +r'- >J<~ "'jI" rAe:,f,j:& 1~7J .I~"raF:L'</J\1'~~\\J.5l.-.d.=!.nttlJ. 0. (:=:) ~ li! 'tt )Jl1 it (Optimism measure) *t~lJiiU*~' ~. Test. LOT). -a- 8 @lH[JJ!. trurEJ~I±1~&'8~ r:kJ lm~3&'I:1. Jif>t '1'1. a~ \Z:J J3!:Ii: ~ ~[. '\'w !Jt r:p ~ ¥IJ rn JtE a~ ~~J*~~1£fj~ID'. ~~~\l;l\29If~.~ ~~ -yJ!UB'i ~&;t ~ a~ pg ~ 1']jtin i~. 'IErPI~~Yjc (1. avoidance). 0. 11:\. 1*. - 3& tt 1& ill 2,7,10,14,17,25,27. 1'1 ~ §l tJ 4,6,9,16,18,23,29, 0. Scheier fO Carver (1985) a~~r5~ rPI.~ (Life Orientation. '~Y<.~12.. & Neale, 1984). LOT ffl*~'f1t1ImA~r5~J;fJita~~fif.fi!.fJit '. 0. ' ml'ftIH§fJit '. f1;Ift~fJitWl~jlIJ~fJit. 0. ScheierfO Carver. ( 1985) a1liH~mt±1 LOT 81I*JgG~3&'1:11*~M .76 ' mmIH§}3t~ .79 Lee (1993 ) J;Jll:~.~11tfimIJ$19711IRX:1f.At§t±1:JtI*J$~3&'1:11*~~ .76 :tE*liH~t+t ' ~ T~ ~@]~&:Bi{,'rP1 ' 8 @)jI]:rJ!ZP:j;~frff~$ ~ ft9iDJl:.~r:p , fr13IJ~~ 3,6,9,12,15,18,21 t~23 lH[ , :Jtr:rm 6,15,18.23 ~M&: rPIHfrlH[ ~ID:tl'lH~}~JmJfia~~~@]~*5'[~~ ( 0. 0. I'JkJ ill 1~ :fi ~. 3,11,13,19,22,26,: *J!~ ,~~~. ,. .82 )§-a- 9 i®lm §l~6jh. 0. ~~7. l-p L15.48,55lmf. 0. Likert). [gmr~;:~J;J~~1t!! fr~l'lt~y<~~[r1J~ ~/f [r1J~a~f.fi!.fJit. ~*ffd:wrs. 0. rr*m~r:p'U~$~~.*~.M~ffttOO.~ffi~:1¥.,~~~~*~fJit. fr fJT ' :& Jm § Fa9 tEl ~~ (item-item correlation) W·~ lH[ § WfY::IE 1~ *'~ fr tEl ~m ( corrected item-total correlation) 5tTJT ' $~~~ 3 lH[ ( ~$~~1~WfifFW/JD1§fJit{*~ ) 1~~~:f'1ffi=*1§fJit~. ' 1~flj1l:~mIJ.~F~JgG~3&;1:11*~ Cronbach's a = .65 o IZ9 ~ , *liH§"C~fi'I:1~JJ!~i~ljliR 12.-a- g }JG9iDJt.~a~~ 6,9,12,15,18,21 W 23 ~ {:;lH[ , 1~frJf[~~7f;~IDt!'I:1Jf[5tfi. 1978 ; Menagl ql 5i® (65,66,1 ~12.. -a- 69 i®1f!. zp. j;~ 5t ~y: fj~ ~ W0t~@J~*n. -lmJJ!a~ 1n*. 0. .Jrt}~ 151 J.l! -t ~ (Marital Coping Inventory) *ii~{*§~ [j. Bowman (1990) $liH§"Cr:pf~ffla~9~91NIElBiii~&~mm~*ffd:Wf. x}~a~5@1~!1:rJ!pJTmRX:. [g flm rlC!9 lH[. 0. tE1I:~.:=Jk8~~1~TIft~~*~~it::J!fl'lt9~9INfjJg;g$14/JDJ;J~f1ta~. 0. ~ff:§7~ffl)tt1a~[ZQBi.:=JkfBz~)tHI±1. '. TIftrrEJf§"Cr:pf~ffl (~D. Carver et al., 1989. ; Feifel & Strack, 1989; Folkman &. Lazarus, 1985 ; McCrae, 1982; Stone. mmfj~~~!A!. ffint-~i~~~. & Lazarus, ~ 1J 1'flj;Jl. ' }]j flm --Ji]9''i'i ' f~ liH §"C rfTftffla.

(11) :* is''~ttllili\1 B9fi11~Hfi19~1tJg;g lElB!frffi£;Z4~WttJjIj~~litfj'C )7 Ll'lfJJ:1'F- A '. m. 179. & Neale, 1984) 'f1.J.1EI b!1'f~1lt B}HmakJ ~WrilJlPJT [E) b!a"J'I1i:l:~/f rI:lfiffi/f [I:tJ , [E) llt. , 7 fImJHfJJiZf':f:!;J. Btt~IEIb!.~~*~&~~M~tt~IEIb!.~'~~~fi~~OO.~~~rrM~. 4,7,10,13 rm~EZ. 1W:l:Jtr=p~¥IJ(f]ftB*akJlElb!1'f~. J,~~fllifr'i1aY<. ~M~~.rr~a~~~~~M~~.~~OO~fi~mm~~~~~$~~o 9~91ti1~b!it~RkJ1m~1*. 0. ~jj~llt. ' Bowman (1990). Bowman (1990). ~H~9~9!NIElb!:!I:~. ,fNf~~1e9~~R"J~fjj(AlWrlC1'*a*. 0. , :1tL. ~~m--~f~~. .~~~m~&~®~b!.~m~~ffi~o~~1EI.51ffi&~§51ffi~*E~~.. :f3t *~ 51 1'13 fUIJ (. ~a"Jpqlg'f2fr5lif@llJSl.. r1f!fjJDf~ ~f*1t. h's. a. = .72. L3 W 16 ~7'\Jm. .. IE rt:J. ~~ 1:k:. avoidance). :. ~¥Jt. (conflict) .. FrJXJ1fft (introspective self-blame). approach) .. f=l:fX W II'ID ( self-interest ) ~ ~ ~ ( lbtlif@l~.ID~lif@l51:1:~ , :f:t'f2fr5641@laJ~ li1@l51.~~pqi'f~. (positive 0. 0. rn. - 3& tl: 1* It .77:¥ .88 ~ ¥J\ 51 • *- ( a = .88) 'f2 -a- 15 @ a J~ ( 2,7,10,14,17,25,27,32,37,41,44,50,54,59,62) '&b!t±:liH.fIJ~" ttt~If .. ~ljUl~IJ~¥IHIekJ 0. i'f ~ EI :fX • ft 51 ::I.: *- ( a = .88) -§ -a- 15 1@l ~ ~ ( 4,6,9,16,18,23,29,33,36,40,47,53,57,60,63) '&b!~~rI" ElJ't .. ;l:ffii'I'~~HlJ!DR~fJl,* 0. ~. Orientation 1'I"J~WUj~ , eierfO Carver o Lee (1993. ~m.ff~o~rt:Jm~51.*-(a=. ~)'f2~u@a~(. 3,11,13,19,22,26,35,39,43,46,49,52,56,64 ; Jt$ 19, 22 a1*BZ rt:JH511m). '&b!~grg. ),9,12,15,18,21. .*"fi.II'ID .. :f:t~.~~~~:f:t~§m~~tt.~ff~oEl:fXWII'ID.~(a= .82)-§ ~91I!ma~ (5,12,20,28,30,34,42,51,58) 'Nb!~1f!f1Jo/f~~e1!l;-iEe1ft.e"J~;) § t§jf] ~~51 li*- ( a = .77) 'f2 -a-11 f@la~ (1,8,15,21,24,31,38,45,48,55,61 ; Jt. D1~F$Yl~. $1.15,48,55D1*NrPlH51a). :;,t rio , -e;:' 7i:'T' ""'J. 7 Jll:t ~E>Z (. 0. 'Nb!t±:l}E*@~~trP~JlekJ1'f~. ~*ffd:wr:R}~~-~I:Jj:!Ne"J~91ti11Z9ff!i'f~. ~~-.~1§~. *~ 511'13 ~m. (. rjJD{~ /J[ {*It. 0. (Ilfeld, 1980; Pearlin & Schooler,. 1978 ; Menaghan, 1982) 'Err Bowman e"J9~9!NIElb!ii*-$Mt~W~ 7 ft*iiJf~ $5 f~ (65,66,67,68,69) &b!~*ffd:Wr3tt9'ekJaJ~1JO~ii*-$ IEIllt9~91ti11Z9b!ii * 0. 0. ~'f2-a-69@1mJ~. 0. 1£*~tf~$ '~T~9t3~~i\e"J@]~&b!{.'rt:J '*ElfO]51.*-R"JaJ~. .65. ~~51ft~.@ii*-$'ffi/f~ffi[I:tJ51ii~~1m~.$ft-iEeo~~~~-a~~. 3,21 W:23~. ~~@]~*nM(L~rt)li~ii*-'~~~®~OO~~MOO~m~~.~~ffl~. 's. a=. -1m~~~$~Nb!~.~~~~.#~mMo mM~9~~ltiIflj~IEIb!1T~.ftEl3fi~$1if~. 'm~*tFd:1t ryO .L-J8Zf{ts"J. b!~-~I!M~~1J'lff:l:~B*. & Lazarus, 1980) ~1Jtl1f:l:~. al., 1989. 182; Stone. ,. @·-Btt ... 0. 0. ~~1l1i-1@lAMzrlC1rliIHili/tli!1~01ilJlZ9. ' 1ill/tli!1ekJNb!llt mfig!~J~fili/tllne"JA~11:jrt:J (Folkman. -fl!tt,y~1l1iekJJJ1:t~!N*~~~@]m1ili/tli!11rUiili~j::akJ. :1tL@]~~1~~jJ11i:l:JtekJ.~IEIb!. (actually cope). f~~tte"J~1J'I'j§f:l:~~jt~~*§~. lT~. ,. ffi/f~f~1~. (Folkman & Lazarus, 1980). ~tf~rJTf~ffl ekJ9~~1tiI119 Jf~Ii:*-NPtNf~1btJJj( ~IJ~9:H @J ~fl§~iffi. 0. 0. *. 1£li*-e"J}I§~iffi$!N*.

(12) ~~~~~-#®/~w~rr~~~ffi.~*-Mg~~~'~~~$#'~~U. {r~ptf1'~~a"J-~¥t. m~w*,~~,~~~~@~.~~m~-.~~n$~&~u.~~OO~$#. t)JJ!11~${4a"J ~. i3'9~j~. Likert) ~m~!i~. 0. rr*~~~'U~$~~.*~.~~ff~.~~ft.~~m~~.,~~m -*1i'H~tfttJT. ' :3-mH3 rs9tEl~~ (item-item correlation) W~.El Wf~LIE1&*,~5}tEl ~~ (corrected item-total correlation) fttJT ' 1?rft.*~tzD*g.f~~. El fBtfffi~1l* i&*i1f:JJD1§Nf*1t ' Wft.~~1fu.El tElIJ~;t1g;~W~lEi&*,~7}tEl~~:Jt1E;i3'9~5 ' ~IJ ~U~~~M~ffm=*ffiN~.'~~*~T:~~ft.*~ll*mM.'. Cronbach's a = .88 ; EllQ• •ft ;*~/ffi~~~. El ' Cronbach's a = .85; lErnJ miRft.~mm~m. 19 ' 22.' Cronbach's a = .89; EI }JHJ~II'!lH-} ;'~~/ffi~~.§ 'Cronbach's a = .78 ; ~3J.lift.~/ffi~[ljfm 38 ' 48.' Cronbach's a = .53 ; ~ *U*3tf~ft.~~/ffiIJ~. E:3 ' Cronbach's a = .80 rr*~3'C ' ~5-}!t~~fBt /ffi~[ljfi3'9. El &~:::f-:YH7} , ft~ft.~~i~ftJ![?i§'i7}5jIJ~~'¥¥AJ![~ , EI ft• •:rm: 0. rr.~~~.~~~OOfi~M~.'~~M~.W&~~~~.~OO~$#~. (cognitive appraisal). i3'9fJJ~IHZP1tl. (primary appraisal). secondary appraisal) ° fJJ~JHZPftl1*~~i\~ §j. fJ~;;x~JHZP1tl. (. c~ZP1tl~~jg~\liJfjJ~i3'9~]IHjJ§tE1l<:/l2:1J. :$:ii:*1*~' F (Marital Adj. fBt~~EJH~:~ZP:i!:*~~. X\(i3f'J m*liI ~n~' ~ ° 83 * :It ptf illlJ. *. Gottman, Markr. 1\ID~iil7t~. 0. *.J. JJ!:JJDtl7t~~:JJD~. jJfftE ° {±*ijW ~2Jm!=P 3't~i\pJT~Lf. :::f t§ fI1) i3"J ~li)jt. ,. ill {®l7t ~ ~ ;ZJ~. @]~1tl!/9(gTIifl'l;t§P<$. £HB 11.13liJi~ 15. , tiD ~ 13 Jmi3'9 £. ' rr 0 (ijtfimJ]) $IJ 8 (J12:1J~F'ffi'*) i3'91U:\t~ ~ZP.~~~f~-@1t*1-t~:=tH~Jli3'9J12:1J*/J\ ° ~~i3'9It*~**;r-:=tH~Jli3'9. ~ti*jg t) 0 7t~+ °. .:1JJ![*o~.-~*~~~~~®/~mMm~~-Mg:±'~~~$#'@~M. 83 3't ~i\~ ~,t ~jg ~. /tJ(gOO~~$14ttB~. f~U}~*jgWsljJ.~ti :=. f4tta~. ,. ~ (M. °. ru~.-wru~. -1*fi~~~~i\~l'l1~jg~ffilfjJ~i3'9fJJ~&~ZPftl (~:1J*/J\~IDm:t1:). '. *. i. ~t)7\m~*%~. ~N,*m~~~~~~El2~~~~.MOO~~~~~~N°. ru'.-~*~~:rt~it+l'l11t!!./9(gptffS!i~i3"J-Mg:±'i3'9fjj~$14. -J!\}jzl§ ~~. ~t) 100 ~:=-7H. ~'lE~m~~~'ElftW~~~'~~~~Ww*U*3t~~~o "kD~~pftl. :=tUj~Jl:a"JrlJ~*IJ. ptf~Jl$IJ~:1J*/J\i3'9~jN. , 111!/~Jll~*~nx:7\fj;1~HI'fi3'9~j~*/J\ , rr 0 (~~1~~) $IJ3 (~F~'ft*1~~) i3'9*:R:*¥ (Likert) ~J.!ti.*~ , ~j~-1~1t*1t~*i§nx: ~ -fj;.~~:=tH~Jl~~°ftltJ![?i§'i~~:=tfi • • ~.:1JJ![*~:=tfi~Jl~ID.tt. ~± if 1.#-:1 ~ ( *:It~1~~' fi'fru'~ (brief. ~.=W~.~~fiH~~~~.~oo~~*m~~(~~~~~) o~.= ~*~~~~~®/~Mm~~-Mg:±'~OO~$#'@]~®/~OO~~$#tt~. 27.i3'9jf~*5Z:f. fm-ftfffi*. 0. 83. 'M/~JlmEl2~~~~&~~J12:1JM~~~~.~~~~W,rrO(~~~~. availability) ~. ~~)~8(~~~U~~)~~~~.~~~~-MIt*rt~:=t• • Jl~~~~. 5Z: t~ ru~ ~ e fBI.. ~~o~~~It*~*~;r-:=tH~.~~~tt~?i§'io~.~~*~~~~~~/~. 1i,H~,\,1Wjf~fr.

(13) *G'~tJ;illltf"E~I§i~~I§i~[?;]fJj~IEIJ3!HT~z'q:':t(\wtt~IJ~~m~. 99-${1= ' illz1JOJ;j. ir~ f~T 1'8'i Qt!; akJ - fI} ~ ~ a~ fji ~ $14. ~~~fjj~-${1=. J;)H~Hll~$11=a~[r'I]~fEN. ' @] 1~H tQ / tlili lIDittlj~$11= tt B~ , lIE./ !lill1'f VCJ *1 tl'l i*. ' 1£ 0 (7\:~/f[r'lJ~) ¥IJ 3 (7\:~[r'I]~) 8~*%¥-f (. Likert) VCJ!~:i!:~tp , mm-f[i5Jf&:*n:;~itta-fltl'li*a~[r'I]~*E)St ~$¥~, *~~~. :±IDi!!~jtaf,JrlJ~mIJttiW:i%. ~tx1E1rd,~ 7t:f§. *~-it~ ~~. 181. 0. 7tf&:iW:i%~~. 0. i. *- (Marital Adjustment Inventory ). *.~1*,lj' EJ Locke fD Wallace (1959) pfT~a~ Locke-Wallace !ltH[i\]i@iJJi:i!:. l1'f~ § rgzfll}U~. m:i:{jUl~gr5 ' ~Ij. ~. ~U~~~ 14 ~ ,. .m~~~:S:~~~.~1'f~WQJ.f'l'JI~om*mN~ID,[r'I]~'~QJ~m1'f. l'. =. .85; IErtJ. t~Jtf~fII}UfJ#;~ § QI. =. .53 ;. ~. ~7}:i!:~tprgz. , EJ fJt 1t JftlflI. (Marital Adjustment Test). 0. *:S:~{*,lj!f16~ilita~tlttllN~~f~N. ~akJffl*m!¥jn=f~f~!lttl[i\]akJ~~rtW!lttlINWf*:I'fra!'1~~rt. 0. *:s:~e. (Locke & Wallace, 1959). o~*:S:~ffirum~7tf&:W~~ftft.~~li~f'l'J~*W~~~.~ffi~(. Gottman, Markman, & Notarius, 1977) fl8l~~7tm&. 0. *;~akJ§t7t1T:C\:. '. 0. 1£OO'I;*J::f~ffl*Ji~H~'f{tJir~15~§t.. @Jlrna"J@J@mlJi1'f/fr~a"J1Jllfi7t~. B!1]DfW7t!&~1JDMl*f!P~~~7t!& ~t).. 100 ~=7ta"JOO'I;W-rn~. ,. ~rtm~~&. ' 7t!&iW:i%~~tlttllNi~~N~i% 1£f~JiLl:. ' , 100 J;) 1-_~~!lt9[i\]i~~' 100 7t J;) T~~!lt!l[&~m1*,W~ 0. ~fjj~-${,H}g. :1J:r~{£. il ::J\ rlH2f itS" (. m2~tp~~M~~Am.lJi'~~®/~~W~~1£~Am$~tp~~~~ffi[r'l]~. ~fEOC.@G~1J. /fffi[r'l]~~N,§t.ili-@7t!&*~~ofia-m$lJi~~~~ffi[r'l]~/fffi[r'l]~&. 0. 1£*~tf~tp. B!J;Jn!ll~*3'n~. ~1D~,/:1). 0. /!lililIDft~$. ~ *) f'l'J jlJ~~ ~I.mU~ftakJ. H1= '. @J ~flE.. ~1mf~~. ). ~frj§Rta. fta~ID~,/:1. 0. rt:!'~=. ~-${1='~a~. ( 7i:~1mi* Wi a~ QJ f?1£mlj. ttft11E./!lili. ~~rta"JtlttllNi~~,f~}St~~T EE~~7t!&~~t)':7i-. ' 5j rn*:S:~. (Likert) .~*§t7t ' EE 6 (*,~J1~::[r'I]~) ¥IJ 1 (*,~~/f~~). 0. m@7t!&m~~~m~~ffi[r'l]mN,7t.a~~~~~~~NiW:.o~~,~*.. £Z% 1L13W 15~a"J&JJir:p~H~ili-@7t.. 0. a~akJ[9@mJ~l{f7tEE. O¥IJ 3H7t. ,~mD~~&B!,~*~mm~m*m1'f~~W37t§t,~*~mm~&*mw ~~W07t§t°m@7t!&m~~~~~m,7tf&:~i%~~~~.~N~i%o~~,. ~~ilit~~~M~JJi:S:~~&B!'*~~~~~M~~~ft7t.,~m~~ffi[r'l]m NR~~~m~@~~~~mN~m.o. l.±.1i .t#-J- *- (Social Support Inventory) *.~1*,~' ~ Sarason, ~rt:!'~. ). ,. Sarason,ShearinfDPierce (1987) pfT~a"JM:c\:ifd:lW5Z. (brief Social Support Questionnaire, SSQ6). 27Irna"J!)Itft5Z~rt:!'~. 1m 11::: mT *. 0. M~ifd:1f5Z~rt:!'~l*, EI3. (SSQ) (Sarason, Levine, Basham, & Sarason, 1983) fifT. EE itt llt rt:!, ~ a"J I1:11 ~ ·rlJ t).i# ¥iJ ifd: fr 5Z ~ akJ QJ 31 1{f '1' 1: (social support availability) Wifd:fr5Z~a"Ji~~fJt (social support satisfaction) ={@]7tf&: ifd:fr 0. 0. 5Z }-if rCC19 ~ 8 fez ~~ a)l~:: R H a"J )L' ffll: ~t;:: ~r ~. 0. ~~ [9 3l§la"J fI} tfllJ *6* ~ fJ!. 1~1~t'tW~jtfr5Z}~a"Ji~~N!'I'J¥fmIj16N7t5.1iJJil::. .90 W .83 '. ' !)ItWI 5Z}~ akJ riJ. [r'I]a~llt=7t!&W~.R.

(14) 182. ~'6CffW{.'l!fHitf~. ~+l1M. ~L\!i=fm!~Blftm~ro. A [11@'t~t~JJ[ t::l. (Sarason, et al.. 1983) fiJjAifd:.fr:Rf~rl:W~Bl!7'gff~-f5Cli .90 (ifd:.frxf~B1PJ1t1~t1) W .93 (ifd:.frxf~Bl~~!!t) 'mJllt=7t~W. , *~~ oneway ~J. -~Am~~*~ff~h~ffiHW~QffiOOm~=7t~Wffi~A~~~fr~ff~h. {,%*~{t31rn:=,~Jy[J. I'll t§ ~ro i=f tEl f~ I'll *0.~ (Sarason et al., 1987) ff - mti f&! 1~ ¥± ~ I'll ~ SSQ W SSQ6 Blru'}~jHf~W'I'-iU~xf~'ff~~ , IEIIltftl!1r~n~tJtl*~ZF.1InlAB11'fH~xf~f.~!!t ' ~ 15':: ;It flli 7J 00I'll X NH! Ij ~ 1ft ~ZP:li. =3 .35, p< .001) ,. f*~~. 0. 0. =3 .90, p< .001). :=:=. rr*:II:~$i=f~1Inl~a,m-1Inl~ai=f=1InlMffiom-MffiM~M@~a~/. WB1A (M=1.96, 1T~ ; ~C1~1~~*. ~OO~Moorr~~~IEI~:II:~&~ffim~~-~g~E~'.~~.#~'~/.. ~lf:Z~~ JI.~lMYj2J. ~mfrWM~~M®/~~A~~~oPJ~R@~~/~~~~®/~W~~~~. ~f*1§-. 0. f* '. EH'~~J\PJT@~B1A~PJt)1~~IJifd:.fr~f~BY1i. ~~T t)L[9~i. ' ~ff~~rr6~ti~ZPJE:II:NL@~-1~~* ' §~~*f-t~~~J\~Jt , @/9[gtttt E3 2pM~~IJthhM~xf~Bl1jljlj;g~:::f1jljlj~Blf£.!!t mIlt, BY. [Z;l ~1T~Blfl~t§. m-{lnIr",am:§7n~~JIJt±lfL1InlA. 1~tt5J-~. 0. 0. ~-.ti~ffi. ootttt§~~f40~. (M=1.49,. 0. ~m~~~xM~~~!!t5J-~o~fr~MPJltmtlW~fr~M~~~!!t~~~~ft fr~f~Blf£'~~~. 0. '115:l IJ. f*t) Oneway ~~~5J-,ffT (analysis of covariance) Jtl *~~1rr1@'tH~~IJ~ ~tH[lfjj~IEI~1Tmi=f~roBllE1*1& ' ~tr9[1fjj~!Z9B!1T~Bl~~%Wt1JliJ~~ fr$I1~j!. 'rfell~. ~~5J-ffi~'~W~~$fi~'i=f$@~$A'$$AW~$A-1Inl~a,~~~. ~~ff'rf~. 0. ~m-liMtr9[1fjj~ lEI B!1Tm. ' fffi W1ImJlIJ~tr9[1fjj~ lEI B!ffmi=fm!~m~f*Bl;1t1th~~~ ~~:II: (covariate) rrt1JlIJ~~Bl7t,ffTr:p , 1;~:rJ[Jf::II'1JlIJ ' i=f~ , ~={Im~a ' 1t~J~:rJ[~@J-l~~tr~[Ifjj~IEIB!1T~ , fffi9~@IJlIJ~tr9[1fjJ~[Z:]~1Tmi=fm!~m~1*Bl:lt1jj! ~:rJ[m~~:II: (covariate) 0. 0. llic1,~'rfell~. llic11~ ~~w 'rf~. *M\§,'rf~. yMffilM*rJt llic1r~~MffilM*rJt. ffiIfj~t<:~. Ji::i1J}~ ~ ~IM{jgffil'm l!!. j}l)jUlj;jJt ~~1fZJi~J4)l:A. 'rfr,J~. : l1i:* yMffilllf:rJt : 11-~. m~M~~~~~IEI~ffmWAD1@'tH~~~H~'~~~=.:::f~~1@'tH7J. Ji::=G}~~l.&lYM. }I;!i,:::gRH:II: (nominal scale) B1A D*ftH~:rJ[~1Toneway~~~7tffT , ~~1~~tr~[1;]fjJ~IZ9~1Tm~~~l~~~ };;15'::::tRf¥:H:II: (ordinal scale) ,ra'lfP: H:II: (interval scale) ~J:t$H:II: (ratio scale) B1AD1@'tH~:rJ[¥lIJ~1TE1r'W~ ~tr~[IfjJ~ IZ9 B!h~Blffl~t§m~5J-,ffT. j}lF>lM*rJt : Iii ~~ 'rfZjS ~J 4)l:,. A~1T. 0. 0. 0. N=262.. *p<.05.. **,.

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(26) & K. W. Schaie (Eds .), Handbooks of the psychology of agmg.. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Quayhagen,. M. P.,. &. Quayhagen, M. (1982).. Coping with conflict:. Age An Coping. Measurement of age-related patterns. Research on aging, 4, 364-377. Rosenberg,. M.. (1965).. Society and adolescent. self-image.. Princeton:. Princeton University Press. Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York: Basic Books. Sarason, I. G., Levine, H. M., Basham, R. B., & Sarason, B. R. ( 1983) . Assessing social support: The social support questionnaire. Journal of. Department ~. Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 127-139. Sarason, I. G., Sarason, B. R., Shearin, E. N., & Pierce, G. R. (1987). A brief measure of social support: Practical and theoretical implications.. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 4, 497-510. Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome experiences.. Health Psychology, 4, 219-247. Siegler, I. C., George, L. K., & Okun, M. A. (1979). Cross-sequential analysis of adult personality. Developmental Psychology, 15, 350-351. Stone, A. A., &. Neale, J. M. (1984). New measure of daily coping:. Development and preliminary results. Journal of Personality and. Social Psychology, 46, 892-906. Thoits, P. A. (1986). Social support as copmg assistance. Journal of. Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54, 416-423. Vaillant, G. E. (1977). Adaptation to life. Boston: Little, Brown.. The purpose marital. coping. administered to c. 90 middle-aged. area. Subjects v the extent to w they encountere. l. scales. After stati~ significantly. as~. ANCOVA was. coping behavior use self-blame marital coping conflict marital behavior than. 1. Key words: M. su o.

(27) ::*: .g i ttth[.lli EJ~ ~~~9fEJ1JJ~ lEI B!11' ff,£,L '.fmlfl¥)i~ ti1.l Ij ~J~liffJ'C ology of aging.. Age And Sex Differences In Marital. : with conflict: g, 4, 364-377.. Coping Behaviors Of The Married. 'lge.. 195. In Taipei Area. Princeton:. Books.. Liang-jei Lee. \. R. (983).. :lire. Journal of. Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University. . R. (1987). A. al implications .. ~,. and health: expenences.. !. Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate age and sex differences in marital. coping. behaviors.. Structured. questionnaires. interview. was. administered to a sample of 301 married adult residents (110 young adults,. ass-sequential. 90 middle-aged adults, 101 old adults; 150 males, 151 females) of Taipei. , 15, 350-351.. area. Subjects were interviewed with Marital Coping Inventory to report. daily coping:. the extent to which they used a variety of marital coping behavior when. rsonality and. they encountered the most serious recurring marital conflict and a set of scales.. . Journal of. 1.. After statistically controlling the influences of variables that were significantly associated with individual marital coping behavior, Oneway ANCOVA was employed to examine age and sex differences in marital coping behaviors. The results showed (l)Young adults are more likely to use self-blame marital coping behavior and less likely to use self-interest marital coping behavior than old adults,. (2) Women. show greater use of. conflict marital coping behavior and less use of self-interest marital coping behavior than men. Key words: Marital coping behavior, Marital conflict appraisal. Social support. Marital satisfaction, Age differences, Sex differences.

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