Picture Archiving and Communication System, PACS
X PACS [1] PACS [2-4] PACS [5-6] PACS PACS PACS PACS X 2400 CT 800 MRI 1200 800 IVP PACS CT MRI DSA X computerized
radiography, CR -PACS mini-PACS
X Window [7]
worklist
hospital information system HIS
radiological information system RIS HIS PACS PACS PACS PACS PACS PACS PACS PACS X C R D R d i g i t a l i z e d radiography DICOM Version 3.0
PACS DSA DICOM Version
3.0 DICOM
X DICOM Version 3.0
DICOM
PACS
PET gama camera
DICOM Version 3.0 PACS gross
PACS DLL
PACS
PACS PACS gigabite
HIS PACS NAS 10 TB on line A. 1 2 1 1 10 2 PACS B. 1 Viewer Client 1 IP 2
C. 2 Core Switch 2 Giga
HIS PACS 19 LCD PACS HIS HIS PACS PACS PACS PACS
PACS PACS HIS
PACS HIS
PACS PACS
HIS HIS PACS
17.4 LCD PACS PACS PACS PACS LCD PACS PACS PowerPoint HIS PACS
PACS PACS X X PACS HIS PACS PACS PACS PACS
HIS PACS PACS
HIS PACS PACS PACS PACS 32 PACS PACS PACS PACS PACS (1) PACS (2) HIS PACS (3) PACS X CT MRI 5-8 (4) PACS Ohio PACS 4 [8] X 14 × 17 X MRI PACS PACS [9] [10] MRI X X PACS
[11] Ohio paradigm shift
MRI 170
2 [12]
2 [6,13-16]
PACS
PACS [17-18] gama camera PET
camera PET DICOM Version 3.0 mini PACS PACS PACS PACS LCD X PACS key images PACS PACS PACS PACS PACS
Color Doppler MRI ADC map 3D CT PACS LCD PACS (1) X 30-40% 30-40% X PACS Mehta X 3.73 PACS 0.56 [15] Twain PCAS 25 19 PACS 3 40 [13] (2) PACS PACS Window PACS X [19,20] CRT [21] Web PACS [2] Web [3] ICR 50 fl PACS [6,22,16] Maryland CT 45% X [22] portable X X X X portable X PACS CR CR QC X PACS PACS LCD PACS PACS
at the Hammersmith Hospital, London. Bull Acad Natl Med 1999; 183: 1615-1523
2. Hirschorn D, Eber C, Samuels P,Gujrathi S, Baker SR. Filmless in New Jersey: the New Jersey Medical School PACS Project. J Digit Imaging 2002; 15: 7-12
3. Bennett WF, Tunstall KM, Skinner PW, Spigos DG. Delivering images to the operating room: a web-based solution. J Digit Imaging 2002; 15: 137-139
4. Benedetto AR, Abercrombie S. Process reengineering for the filmless environment. Radiol Manage 1999; 21: 38-43
5. Hayt DB, Alexander S, Drakakis J, Berdebes N. Filmless in 60 days: the impact of picture archiving and communications systems within a large urban hospital. J Digit Imaging 2001; 14: 62-71
6. Chan L, Trambert M, Kywi A, Hartzman S. PACS in private practice-effect on profits and productivity. J Digit Imaging 2002; 15: 131-136
7.
2000; 33: 63-68
8. Bennett WF, Vaswani KK, Mendiola JA, Spigos DG. PACS monitors: an evolution of radiologist's viewing techniques. J Digit Imaging 2002; 15: 171-174
9. Reiner BI, Siegel EL, Hooper FJ, Glasser D. Effect of film-based versus filmless operation on the productivity of CT technologists. Radiology 1998; 481-485
10. Kolodny GM, Raptopolous V, Simon M, et al. A low-cost, full-function picture archiving and communication system using standard PC hardware and the traditional 4-over-4 display format. AJR 1999; 172: 591-594 11. Doyle AJ, Gunn ML, Gamble GD, Zhang M. Personal
computer-based PACS display system: comparison with a dedicated PACS workstation for review of computed radiographic images in rheumatoid arthritis. Acad Radiol 2002; 9: 646-653
12. Vorbeck F, al-Zayer F, Jung B,et al. Filmless magnetic resonance tomography.Advantages and disadvantages in comparison with film reports. Radiologe 1999; 39: 276-281
13. Twair AA, Torreggiani WC, Mahmud SM, et al. Significant savings in radiologic report turnaround time after implementation of a complete picture archiving and communication system (PACS). J Digit Imaging 2000; 13: 175-177
14. Reiner BI, Siegel EL. Technologists’ productivity when using PACS: comparison of film-based versus filmless radiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002; 179: 33-37 15. Mehta A, Dreyer K, Boland G, Frank M. Do picture
archiving and communication systems improve report turnaround times J Digit Imaging 2000; 13: 105-107 16. Sigal R, Petrow P, Ruelle C, et al. An integrated medical
image network of patient records:experience of the pic-ture archiving and communication system (PACS) of the Gustave-Roussy Institute. Cancer Radiother 2001; 5: 166-171
17. Eversman WG, Pavlicek W, Zavalkovskiy B, Erickson BJ. Performance and function of desktop viewer at Mayo Clinic Scottsdale. J Digit Imaging 2000; 13: 147-152
18. Bauman RA, Gell G. The reality of picture archiving and communication systems (PACS): a survey. J Digit Imaging 2000; 13: 157-169
19. Hertzberg BS, Kliewer MA, Paulson EK, et al. PACS in sonography: accuracy of interpretation using film pared with monitor display. Picture archiving and com-munication systems. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1999; 173: 1175-1179
20. Magarelli N, Guglielmi G, Dragani M,et al. Digital film viewer versus conventional view boxes in the identifi-cation of bone and joint disorders. Radiol Med
Torino 1999; 98: 242-247
21. Wu TC, Lee SK, Peng CH, et al. An economical, per-sonal computer-based picture archiving and communi-cation system. Radiographics 1999; 19: 523-530 22. Reiner BI, Siegel EL, Hooper FJ, et al. Radiologists’
productivity in the interpretation of CT scans: a com-parison of PACS with conventional film. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001; 176: 861-864
Filmless in Six months, An Experience in a
Medical Center
WU-CHUNGSHEN1 CHIR-CHANGHWANG2 RONG-LINYANG2
Department of Radiology1, Computer Center2, China Medical College Hospital
We report the experience of a medical center with 1600 beds, build picture archiving and communication system (PACS), and implemented filmless in 6 months. There were 14 workstations for radiologist, which equipped one or two 19-inch LCD high-resolution color monitor. There were also 211 workstations for clinicians, which equipped one 17-inch LCD monitor. All the images except mammography produced in the Department of Radiology were included in the PACS. In addition, gamma camera images and PET were also included in PACS. Images of pathology were also selectively sent on PACS. The effect and issues of monitors were also discussed in this report.