「存有的前提」與「認識的前提」論三種邏輯上可能的關係--以哲學史上實際出現過的三種主張為例的探討

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(2) Ontological and Epistemological conditio sine qua non:. three logically possible and historically actual positions. Shan-Hao Sun. Abstract If a distiction between ontological and epistemological conditio sine qua non is reasonable and essential, it is than to ask the relationship between them. From logical point of view on the one hand there is only three positions possible: 1) these two kinds of condition are irreducible, 2) the ontological one can be reduced to the epistemological one, and 3) vice versa. From historical point of view on the other hand, Kant and Marx, Hegel and Lukacs could be taken respectively as exponents of these three positions. An interpretation of their positions leads to a question which stands behind: whether the distinction between "phenomena" and "essence" is acceptable?. Keywords: Kant, Hegel, Marx, Lukacs, ontological concftio sine qua non, epis1emoIogical concftio sine qua non.

(3) r ff.;:ij" ifJiJ.r fJt J ~ r t~ ~~ EfJiltr fJt J. 183. -'lflJE':lIJllz_m. m~:tE (.~fI!jI1ttt*U). El3(FreiheitH~HE!~1:tJW Z 1,*11= (die. 'flIDt:. '. : JJi!~1:td~rj~§j rnZ11* 11= r~-1Wl r1'*11= J ' ~Pwri&Jl~JFflQ] ~T~~J@=A rwri&TJ§ J Z~. m~JJ:tE--1Wl~1~fllil:5t T r t¥:tE~rn J (ratio essendi)%t1 r B?6~fI!rn J (ratio Bedingung des moralischen Gesetzes) , fS~l)ji&~PIDt 0. 0. cognoscendi) :. 1t11 _ ~ 1JL11 t;. r ~ t!J J. ~ 11: r:t~A~Hi. .'j J. ~. r'Thf; 11f J '3E 11. ~ r J!CX.. • ~iJt: rit4~Hi.llJ J!-1I1 r'Thf;11fJ 'l1lt1l1'Thf;11fr~1M*.;til JlJ r ~ t!J J ,~~)f It tf".Af;4f:it.*I:::W1tr1t* Ji(lnkonsequenzen) ' [~ _ ..1t11 ~ , .'n ~ ~ !It PI: r ~ t!J J • it 1t111'ii[ J! rit. }i .tl J ~ r ff 11 l! t!J J (ratio essendi) , ffli r It.}i.~ J .IJJ! r ~ r!1J :t. rii ill! t!J J (ratio cognoscendi) ~ ~ 1t11 _It• }i .~ :f J! (ware) 1f- i;\; 11 ~ 1M ~ l! 'Ii ~ i;\; Sf ;t:I:ttt. ~,(gedacht) j , m)f ~ 1M i;\; *:tt:f *~ it- l! (berechtigt) ~ 'fJ: (anzunehmen)iJt : -~BI1-:::W (ist) ~ t!J (11 t' rlr ~ t!J J [It r ~ t!J ff 11 J ] 3E ~~ ~ ~ Ji ~) i!! J! 1t11 _ ~ :::w (ware) ~ t!J ' m)f.m:®t *l *-. t'T'AI(nicht anzutreffen)~ 1M I*J 11 ~ r it.}i.~ J (KdpV, A5N) 0. ,. *. 0. 0. 19.:ff r §j rn J ' ~rJ~::f1lt:ff r JJi!~1:t:~rj J '12§lit, r §j rn J r ili1! n:~ rj J Z r fI J .@(; rt¥:tE J I'fJ r &'~1,*1tf: J .~ r wrf~ J (conditio sine qua non).@(; rt¥ :tEflrn J (ratio essendi) :tElIt-~T J,:J T~1~lfHB''J15~-tESffili r &\~11* 11= J .@(; r fjfJm J .@(; rt¥:tEflEE J ME-m~ r4-:ff (fHltr ~ J (ontologische conditio sine qua non): r EE J r ili1!1:t:~rj J B''J r4-:ff (fnltr~ J ; §}--15Jm ' PO :!f!:::f J,:J r JJi!~1:t:~1J J ~1,*1tf: ' ~lJft1rHg~1;{t1SZ7YiAtlli r ~~¥U J ::ff r rn J ' ~Iltt, r JJi!~1:t:~rj J 3Z.~1Wl r &\~1,*1tf: J ~ rwrm J ,~ft1r' r ~?6~¥U:ff §j EE J ~ r f1~ §j El3 Ef:JB?6~ J I¥J r &\~1,*1tf: J ~ r wrf~ J .~ r ~~~fI! EE J (ratio cognoscendi) :tElIt--lQ]ff~T J,:JT~1~lfHEf:J15~---tESffili r &\~11*11= J .@(; rwrmJ.@(; r~?6~fI!EEJ ME--m~ rt~~(fHltr~J (epistemologischeconditio sine qua non): r ili1!1:tJ!U J ~ r §j rn J Ef:J r t.~ ~ {t-J ;J.r ~ J 0. Q. 0. 'Immanuel Kant, Kritik der praktischen Vernunft, Frankfurt/M, 1982; F;' ~ ~ Kdp V. a.

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(5) r. 1tJ. 185. 'lli!l~~m~ill1ij~5EffcttrJfft:t£(flP~*:t~~D' f.B~ rI;-f~1tJ BP~{~ .,. ~~fjgm~fB :t~. :f:t If (fJif.f.fit J #4 r t£ ~ ft1i~tr .fit J. ' J!li~~*~W~5EfB ~fi/~~!Gt~~TfB rI;-f~1tJ ' r ffcttrWa ~ra~B<]~7;)~y:Jt!! J ?fr?~~B<] r ~IJJ J (GK, 16) ; 'rm~lJJ~fjg~. ~~trw. 0. ~~ff~.'EfB~.M~r. ~~Y~.~fB~.ttJ~~. ontologische Objektivitat der Natur)(GK,17) r=t ~ , ?fr~~±tr(~~fii~M~ , ~*E!IG~±tr:t~~±tr)1mH6\~tD a ~~ra~~fr~7;)~x. ' "ffoillfix.~?fr t) fjg~f=f ' WJ~!Z9m r ~ J ~~.tmY1:E~fB fii+~ Hnr~'M1f.tji~ ~:g~¥Uill1ij r a~~.tmY1:EJ {'Fm r J;t5ZJiSt:t~t!tW.[I{~fB:ftit~fB~IE fBflE AGK, 17)' ?frt)iir:p?fr~fB/~5Z~\:t~, =Jt.:W~tji~*~~~.B<](?fr ~*~~ , flP~iil±trW a ~ra~B<]~~~.) , ?Jj\flPIIff'I)tmllEfWB<] 0. •. *:. 0. 0. illfi~J;t5ZJiStB<]~~.'1:Efii~~~1f.(fu~~~~~~.~~B<]~ ro'~~~7-~~~~B<]_m~,-~oo~~m.aa~~B<]~~~~ .~~?fr{i'&fB). , ~~OO~rj~lf:ttB~*~~- r iil±trY~~Y~. J (Ontologie des gesellschaftlichen Seins) 0. illg~ «ffcttrY~~Y~.>. fit '. .~~~. 3. ?frt)~mllEfWfBA~~4--. 0. ,. x1(z*:ft1&5EfiWi-*~;Hg!Z9. ~~&:t~~mtill.~~m=Jt.8*~-R. tBIJ!7 r m±trY~B<]Y~. J fB*EIN ' "ffDlifu{'F7 ~-®mfiJjB<]m7" ' ?frt)tm :WJic# <Y~.> r:pf§rmfB(flP~fii/~5ZJ~,fB)$7t(ZOdgS., <Y ~.> fB:t~~~g~7t) , ~rjH!~~nJP):t~I~r$~~B<]~J*~(der rote Faden)*~ 1;]¥iJ1ij *~B<] 0. ~J;I~~*m. '. ~~~-1ij. r J;t5ZJ~~B<] J Y~. ' =Jt:t~§§Ii€1:E1J~ :. £JjSl\1:EJGl1'~~~1&~1H:JrR~~fiiY~.B<]rp~~JrT. 0. 1Iff-~'MB<]x*(Text)9. ~ <I&m*~~:ttttu*m > (Grundrisse)fBd857 ~~lfU) --~fj(ZOdgS.,578). 0. , A;=Jt~=Jtr:p~lfU~1t;;B<]. 1:Etmm(MEW42,34f) , ,~5ZJGUil7t 7f4.~$B<] r ~f,*. j][~ J. : m-fr*~~1f£IJ!~tltN!.fB r~~~J (das Ganze)r:p , ~7t¥U:tffi~fB fIll~ f§UtlDff£ r AD J m:ti;tB.~ADB<] r IP'~*&J ' xff£~*&m:ti;¥U.:B-~ *&?frft<~B<] r ~/~~1LJ '"ffD~~~?frt)~1L' xm~~7flf@ , flf~~~ fIll~ p,fTt)@m-fr~lm ' ~-f,*:ti;~ r ~~f,*ftf: J fBlm : EnJ.~*mm r :ttt 0. 0. 30. Lukacs, Zur Ontologie des gesellschaftlichen Seins, 1984, Darmstadt und Neuwied. r.~ ~ ~ ZOdgS.. 4Jt (lli-:t."A..#rtt) .. ~-. . t:f:if:.:. ~~. , 1988·118 Jl.

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