人參及人參皂苷 ; 在順氯氨鉑引發的腎毒性於純系小鼠的藥效評估
順氯氨鉑（ cisplatin ， CDDP ）是臨床上治療固體癌的常用化學治 療藥物，其所引起的腎毒性常是限制臨床使用的主要原因。本研究的 目的即在於評估人參及其純成分人參皂苷於 CDDP 所引起的腎炎之預 防效果。
實驗動物為 6 週齡母鼠（ BALB/c mice ），經腹腔連續五天給予 5 m g/kg 的 CDDP 以引發腎炎。在給予 CDDP 前五天開始經口投予小鼠 人參濃縮劑（ ginseng extract ， GE ） 125, 250, 500 mg/kg/d 或人參皂 苷（ ginsenoside ， GS ） Rb1 、 Rd 、 Rg1 5 mg/kg/d 做為預防藥物。實驗結果顯示，給予 GE 及 GS 對於 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase
（ NAG ）、尿中肌酸酐（ urine creatinine ）、尿蛋白 （ urine protei n ）與血中尿素氮（ BUN ）皆有不同程度的改善效果；腎組織損傷 相較於對照組也有明顯減緩的趨勢。在免疫螢光染色方面， TNF-α 的 量明顯受到抑制， p21 及 PCNA 的表現亦有不同程度的增加。
因此可以推論，經口投予人參濃縮劑及人參皂苷可以藉由抑制發炎反 應、阻止細胞週期的前進並促進 DNA 修復以達到腎臟保護的效果。Effects of ginseng and ginsenosides on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in inbred mice
Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most commonly used antineoplastic agents for the s olid tumor treatment. The major side effect of CDDP is nephrotoxicity. It is dose-re lated and has become a chief limitation of its clinical use. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of ginseng extract (GE) and its active compon ent, ginsenoside (GS), on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Six-week-old female BALB/c mice were administered with 5 mg/kg of CDDP intra peritoneally once daily for 5 days. 125, 250, 500 mg/kg of GE or 5 mg/kg of GS Rb 1, Rd, Rg1 were given orally once a day from 5 days before CDDP administration.
GE and GS decreased urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), urine protein, b lood urea nitrogen (BUN) and increased urine creatinine excretion at different level . All of the treatment groups ameliorated CDDP-induced renal morphological dama ge and diminished TNF-α deposited in injury tissue, while GE and GS Rg1 increase d the expression of p21 and PCNA in renal cell.
