厚複材積層平板製程模擬分析與參數最佳化 沈婉琳、王正賢
E-mail: [email protected]
摘 要
本研究針對整個成化過程中製程參數進行模擬，發現在厚層板中央均有些許的積溫現象，而其中層板的固化程度皆可接近 完全固化，在壓力方面，隨著溫度逐漸上升，黏滯係數值的改變，造成整體壓力由樹脂轉為纖維承受，以達到成化過程完 全反應。 傳統的熱固性預浸式複合材料，在製造過程中，其層板中央容易發生積溫、固化程度不均或固化不完全的現象，
並造成內、外部溫度差異加大，在持續加熱與固定加壓的製造程序下，層板內部樹脂所承受的壓力分布、層板厚度與整個 固化程度會隨著溫度上升而變化，造成複合材料層板因內外溫差過大而內部品質的不穩定性。 預浸式複合材料在整個成化 過程中，溫度、壓力、與固化程度會隨著時間而變化，本計劃利用熱傳導公式，加上利用電腦商業軟體MATLAB進行模擬
，與有限元素之ANSYS進行溫度解比較，並使用數值方法中的Finite-Difference Method中的Crank-Nicholson以求得(a)材料 厚度與時間之關係、(b)溫度分布與時間之關係，(c)以及時間與中央層板的固化程度，所求得之初始參數再利用基因演算法 進行最佳化設計。
關鍵詞 : 預浸式複合材料 ; 固化過程 ; 有限元素法 ; 有限差分法 ; 基因演算法 目錄
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書... iii 中文摘要... iv Abstract... v 誌 謝... vi 目錄... vii 圖目錄... x 表目錄...
xii 第一章 緒論... 1 1.1 研究動機... 1 1.2 研究目的... 3 1.3 研究方 法... 4 第二章 文獻回顧... 6 2.1 複合材料平板... 6 2.2 有限差分
法... 8 2.2.1 向前差分法(Forward-difference Method).. 13 2.2.2 向後差分法(Backward-difference Method). 15 2.2.3 中央差分法(Center-ward-difference Method)16 2.3 啟發式演算法... 17 第三章 數學模型...
18 3.1 成化過程模型... 18 3.1.1 熱傳導方程式... 20 3.1.2 壓縮過程... 22 3.1.3 邊 界條件... 24 3.2 數值分析... 25 第四章 啟發式演算法... 33 4.1 基因演算 法... 33 4.1.1 步驟程序... 35 4.1.2 編碼... 35 4.1.3 初始族
群... 36 4.1.4 適合函數... 36 4.1.5 複製... 37 4.1.6 交配...
37 4.1.7 突變... 40 4.2 演算法最佳化範例... 40 第五章 結果與討論... 48 5.1 厚層 板成化溫度預測系統... 48 5.1.1 基本介面概述... 48 5.1.2 最佳化介面概述... 53 5.2 結果探 討... 54 5.3 最佳化結果... 61 5.3.1 最佳化驗證... 62 5.3.2 最佳化結果比 較... 62 第六章 結論與未來研究方向... 66 6.1 結論... 66 6.2 未來研究方 向... 67 參考文獻... 68 附錄一 材料性質... 71 附錄二 窮舉法溫差結 果... 72
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