Study of the Regional Air Conditioning of the Intelligent Vehicle Cabin 江文鼎、黃國修
E-mail: 9419900@mail.dyu.edu.tw
ABSTRACT
Vehicles have already become main means of transportation in people's life. If vehicles can be more comfortable, safe, energy efficient and humanization, it will be great good news to people. This study introduces an “air flow management” technique to control the air flow structures in the vehicle cabin for the purpose of regional steady state temperature. With this new concept, each passenger in different area of the compartment can be satisfied in their unique demands of temperature. The air flow is controlled by properly arranged air inlets and outlets with fans for the modulation of air flow directions and volumes. According to the
experimental results, air flow from outlets could be managed easily within certain area no matter with or without the thermal manikin. Therefore, temperature in certain area can be controlled by the modulation of air flow structure. Besides, outside heat radiation, physiology heat and objects in the cabin have no effects on the results of temperature management. The concepts in this study are also effective to all kinds of regional air conditioning in any enclosed space.
Keywords : Air Flow Management, Regional Air Conditioning, Air Flow Structures Table of Contents
目錄 封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書 iii 中文摘要 v 英文摘要 vi 誌謝 vii 目錄 viii 圖目錄 xii 表目錄 xvi 符號說明 xviii 第一章 問題描 述 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 研究目的 8 第二章 國內外相關技術之研究 15 2.1 現有高級房車之空調系統 15 2.2 國內外之車艙內空 調系統模擬與實驗量測 20 2.3 利用流場控制溫度之其他範例 27 第三章 研究方法與進行步驟 30 3.1 設計理念與基本架構 30 3.2 建立實驗平台 32 3.3 控制策略 37 3.4 實驗量測條件 38 3.5 實驗步驟 39 第四章 結果與討論 42 4.1 實驗參數設定 42 4.1.1 福特車廠Liata 1600c.c 轎車（Type A） 42 Case Ⅰ、右前方副駕駛座未加入控制器及人體模特兒之區域性空調實驗量測 42 Case Ⅱ、右前方副駕駛座加入控制器未加入人體模特兒 43 Case Ⅲ、右前方副駕駛座加入控制器及人體模特兒 44 Case Ⅳ
、右前方副駕駛座加入生理熱及呼吸熱（真人） 45 Case Ⅴ、開啟前座左右兩側之區域性空調實驗 45 Case Ⅵ、左前方駕 駛座加入控制器實驗量測 47 Case Ⅶ、開啟左前方駕駛座加入人體模特兒之實驗量測 48 Case Ⅷ、右出風口對區域性空調 之影響 48 Case Ⅸ、車頂出風口之氣簾效應對區域性空調實驗之影響 49 4.1.2 裕隆 Cefiro 2000c.c 轎車（Type B） 50 Case
Ⅰ、Cefiro原廠空調系統實驗量測 50 Case Ⅱ、Cefiro改裝出、吸風口後之空調系統實驗量測 51 4.2 結果與討論 52 4.2.1 福 特車廠Liata 1600c.c 轎車（Type A） 52 Case Ⅰ、右前方副駕駛座未加入控制器及人體模特兒 52 Case Ⅱ、右前方副駕駛座 加入控制器及未加入人體模特兒 54 Case Ⅲ、右前方副駕駛座加入控制器及人體模特兒 56 Case Ⅳ、右前方副駕駛座加入 生理熱及呼吸熱 59 Case Ⅴ、開啟左右兩側之區域性空調實驗 61 Case Ⅵ、左前方駕駛座加入控制器未加入人體模特兒 65 Case Ⅶ、左前方駕駛座加入控制器加入人體模特兒 68 Case Ⅷ、右出風口風速對區域性空調之影響 72 Case Ⅸ、車頂出風 口之氣簾效應對區域性空調實驗之影響 74 4.2.2 裕隆 Cefiro 2000c.c 轎車（Type B） 78 Case Ⅰ、Cefiro原廠空調系統實驗 量測 78 Case Ⅱ、Cefiro改裝出、吸風口後之空調系統實驗量測 85 4.3 實驗不準度（Uncertainty） 87 4.4 模擬與實驗驗證 91 第五章 結論與建議 96 5.1 結論 96 5.2 未來展望與建議 99 參考文獻 100 附錄 103
REFERENCES
[1].交通部統計處，台鐵與公路、航空運輸比較分析(92.12.17) [2].中央氣象局歷年統計資料 http://www .cwb.gov.tw/V4/index.htm.
[3].Barbusse S. and Gagnepain, L., “Automobile Air Conditioning Its Energy and Environmental Impact”, Ademe Transport Technologies Department, 2003.
[4].Barbusse S., Clodic D. and Roumegoux, J.P., “Automobile Air Conditioning : Effect in Terms of Energy and The Environment”, Elsevier Science, vol.60, pp.3-18, 1998.
[5].蔡信行，替代燃料與再生能源科學發展，第63頁，中國石油，台北，2003。
[6].周佳慶，汽車自然空調儲能特性之研究，碩士論文，國立台灣大學，台北，2002。
[7].Huang, L. and Han, T., “A Sensitivity Study of Occupant Thermal Comfort in a Cabin Using Virtual Thermal Comfort Engineering”, SAE Technical Papers 2005-01-1509, 2005.
[8].吳旻峰，智慧型車艙內微氣候之控制，碩士論文，大葉大學車輛研究所，彰化，2003。
[9]. http://www.mercedes-Menz.com/com/e/home/innovation/recentdevelopments/safety/4zonethermotronic/ [10].
http://www.nissanusa.com/vehicles/ModelAttributes/0,,30900|310 02|,00.html#midpageAnchor [11].
http://www.nanyang.com.tw/bqs/bqs-sense.htm [12]. http://roadtest.u-car.com.tw/roadtest-detail.asp?rid=61 [13].Aroussi, A. and Aghil, S.,
“Characterisation Of The Flow Field In A Passenger Car Model”, Optical Diagnostics in Engineering, vol 4(1), pp.1-15, 2000.
[14].Martinho, N.A.G., Ramos, J.A.E. and Silva, M.C.G., “Thermal Environmet In The Cabin Of A Multi Purpose Vehicle”, 8th International Conference Air Distribution in Rooms Roomvent, 2002.
[15].Chung, K. C. and Lee, C. Y., “Predicting Air Flow and Thermal Comfort in an Indoor Environment Under Different Air Diffusion Models
”, Building and Environment, vol.31, pp. 21-26, 1996.
[16].Huang, L. and Han, T., “Validation of 3-D Passenger Compartment Hot Soak and Cool-Down Analysis for Virtual Thermal Comfort Engineering”, SAE Technical Papers 2002-01-1304, 2002.
[17].Ono, K., Matsumoto, H. and Himeno, R., “An Application of Volume Rendering Visualization Technique to the HVAC Design in a Vehicle Cabin”, JSCFD, 2000.
[18].HALSA, O., “Comfort Climate Evaluation with Thermal Manikin Methods and Computer Simulation Models”, Department of Technology and Built Environment University of Gavle, Sweden, 2004.
[19].Han, T., Huang, L., Kelly, S., Huizenga C., Hui Z., “Virtual Thermal Comfort Engineering”, SAE Technical Papers 2001-01-0588, 2001.
[20].Fujita, A., Kanemaru, J., Nakagawa, H. and Ozeki, Y., Nu-merical Simulation to Predict the Thermal Environment Inside a Car Cabin, JSAE, 2001.
[21].Chao, C.Y.H., and Wan, M.P., “Airflow and Air Temperature Distribution in the Occupied Region of an Underfloor Ventilation System”, Building and Environment, vol.39, pp. 749-762, 2004.
[22].Garner, P., Kwai, L., and Shawn, C., “CFD Validation for Contaminant Transport in Aircraft Cabin Ventilation Flow Fields”, FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute DOT/FAA/AM-04/7, 2004.
[23].What you need to know about temperature in places of work, The Occupational Safety And Health Service, Department of Labour, Wellington, New Zealand, 1997.
[24].謝文德、林志傑及郭儒家，開放式冷凍冷藏展示櫃最佳化送風設計，工業技術研究院， Newsletter ASHRAE Taiwan Chapter, vol.4 no.2 pp.4-10, 2004。
