彰化縣私立精誠中學
105 學年度第二學期高二第一次段考英文試題
v本卷共 6 頁，另附答案卡一張、答案卷一張v範圍：三民B4 L1~4、文法書 Chapter12、片語 500 U19&20
I. Multiple Choice— Select the best answer from the four options. (32%)
1. English is the most __________ used language. Mastering it helps you connect tothe world.
(A) universally (B) instantly (C) ecologically (D) reluctantly
2. Since the wife could not conceive a baby, the couple decided to __________ a five-year-old girl from the orphanage.
(A) pinch (B) adopt (C) counter (D) preach
3. People who suffer from eating disorders tend to pay a(n) __________ attention to how much food they eat.
(A) competitive (B) respective (C) objective (D) excessive 4. Language __________ can be easily formed when there exist language
differences, regional accents and dialects, use of jargons and slang between people.
(A) disclosure (B) barriers (C) slavery (D) competition
5. Many students in Asia are under continual pressure from their parents to live up to high academic __________.
(A) collaboration (B) standards (C) rejections (D) suppression
6. In our English literature class, each of the students has to provide his or her own __________ of a poem.
(A) injection (B) interpretation (C) innocence (D) intersection 7. War is cruel, demonic, and cold-blooded. Our homeland was turned into
rubbles and debris during an unexpected, dreadful air __________. (A) sermon (B) yield (C) raid (D) label
8. Due to a scandalous bribery case, reputation of the mayoral candidate was __________, and he would be absent from the press conference this evening. (A) accommodated (B) compromised (C) recommended(D) commemorated
9. Distrust and jealousy have inevitably put your relationship with your wife in __________. You’d better stop spying on her and give her some privacy to save your feeble marriage.
(A) barrel (B) accord (C) harvest (D) peril
10. This book provides ____________ insight into how we can live a genuinely joyful and meaningful life in the middle of our busy modern life.
(A) illuminating (B) missionary (C) captivated (D) dependent
11. Nigeria __________ independence from Britain in 1960 as colonialism declined after the economic damage of World War II.
(A) reloaded (B) converted (C) attained (D) stirred
12. After a series of injury and death accidents happened, the Russian government has announced a new “safe selfie” __________, aiming to educate its people, especially the young, how to take selfies with safety.
(A) campaign (B) pedestrian (C) monastery (D) mutation
13. On 27 January, President Donald Trump signed an executive order __________ anyone from seven Muslim-majority countries from entering the US. This order caused chaos at airports and disputes across the world.
(A) tugging (B) banning (C) bubbling (D) enrolling
14. Tribe members in the United States are concerned the pipeline construction would affect their drinking water supply and place downstream communities at risk of contamination from __________ oil spills.
(A) proposal (B) preaching (C) potential (D)positive
15. Out of arrogance and big ego, Elissa ____________ others’ feelings and never feels sorry even when she makes mistakes or takes advantage of others. (A) declines (B) surrounds (C) simplifies (D) disregards
16. Early ____________ to foreign languages for children raises controversies. The advocates claim that it is easier for a child to master another language aside from the mother tongue, while some counter that children may have self-identity issues.
17. In our search for happiness, we should stop coveting what others have and focus on what we can ____________ pleasure from.
(A) derive (B) deprive (C) revive (D) evolve
18. I applied for the college ____________ that I might be admitted, but as a matter of fact, I did not seriously expect to succeed.
(A) in accord with (B) on occasion (C) on the off chance (D) at a single glance
19. With increasing pressure from workplace and without proper time
management, people nowadays mostly have problems ____________ between work and personal life.
(A) striking a balance (B) being lost for words (C) flashing back (D) living with
20. We should exercise regularly, get adequate sleep, and keep a balanced diet to make sure that we are both ____________.
(A) physical and mental healthy (B) physically and mentally healthy (C) physical and mental health (D) physically and mentally health
21. The reason why humans are cognitively superior ____________ other animals is that we have the largest EQ compared to other animals.
(A) like (B) than (C) to (D) among
22. Since some of you can have a terrible sense of direction, you are advised to carry a compass and a map ____________ somebody get lost in the forests.
(A) for fear (B) lest (C) unless (D) in case of
23. Juan loathes his boss to the bone. He is often forced to do extra work outside the regular hours; worse yet, his boss refuses to pay him more. “My boss is
definitely ____________ person I want to see on this planet!” hisses Juan. (A) the last (B) the best (C) the latest (D) the smallest 24. ____________ extreme weather has significantly reduced crop yields is true.
(A) That (B) If (C) What (D) The fact
25. What his colleague had done was ____________ a catastrophic mistake that the long-term relationship between the two companies would barely recover.
(A) so (B) less (C) as (D) such
26. From evidence that is preserved in the fossil record, dinosaurs ____________ many eggs at a time and despite varying degrees of parental care, very few of the offspring survived into adulthood.
(A) had seemed to lay (B) seem to lay
(C) seem to have laid (D) had seemed to have laid 27. Choose the CORRECT sentence.
(A) Yvonne did research hardly and diligently in the lab this morning.
(B) After the long and exhausting hike up the mountain, we could hardly move. (C) Rayden studied English two hours a day full-heartedly at the library.
(D) Professor Vince gave lectures last term three days a week at the college. 28. The mediation committee is intended to understand how a conflict forms and
then help ____________ relations between the two people.
(A) move away (B) mix up (C) pass out (D) patch up 29. Waiting for the test results has kept me ____________ for over a week. I’m
drained, exhausted inside out.
(A) on duty (B) on sale (C) on air (D) on edge 30. Freddie has been absent from work for a few days on ____________ of his
mother’s death.
(A) purpose (B) result (C) account (D) record
31. The old lady ____________ when seeing the news that her son was killed in a deadly air crash, and now she is taken care of in the hospital.
(A) passed away (B) passed by (C) passed out (D) passed through 32. From the moment I woke up in the morning, I have been ____________—feeding
my youngest baby son, driving my two teenage daughters to school, doing house chores, baking cookies Lucy demanded, watering my hubbie’s plants, walking my neighbor’s dog, Dotty, and finally brushing my teeth……
II. Cloze— Select the best item to complete the passage. (25%)
(33-37)Obesity can give rise up diabetes, cardiovascular disease, various types of cancer, and so forth. Therefore, our weight control and routine exercise cannot be overemphasized. Whether we are maintaining our ideal weight or not ____(33)____ solely determined by how much workout is done, but determined by ____(34)____. However, many of us absorb surplus fat, sugar, and salt, risking our health
unknowingly. “Traffic light labeling” system, ____(35)____ by the Food Standards Agency in the U.K., provides consumers with how much risky nutrients certain food products contain by replacing “reader-unfriendly” nutrition facts ____(36)____ the color green, amber, and red. This system has been successfully ____(37)____ to many parts of the world and widely accepted by many consumers.
33. (A) being not (B) X (C) is not (D) which is not 34. (A) what we eat (B) what do we eat
(C) we eat what (D) what we to eat 35. (A) which conceived (B) conceived
(C) conceiving (D) that was conceived 36. (A) and (B) using (C) against (D) with
37. (A) immigrated (B) represented (C) introduced (D) experienced (38-42)
____(38)____ can be defined as the practice of purchasing products and services produced in a way that minimizes social and environmental damage, and
____(39)____ avoiding products and services that are deemed to have a negative impact on society or the environment. The general idea of combining morality and shopping has become a mainstream concept. You are ____(40)____ more likely to see a moral consumer shopping locally and using the “Buycott” app to ensure that the companies and brands have a good reputation, ____(41)____ workers concerned with the production process can get a fair price and treatment.
Fairtrade is one of the greatest successes of the moral consumer movement. In recent years, it has become a mainstay on supermarket shelves appearing on food products as diverse as wine and bananas. Basically, Fairtrade is a way of helping farmers in developing countries. The certification ____(42)____ to products that match a number of criteria, and those matching the criteria are awarded the Fairtrade label which food companies can use on their packaging.
38. (A) Environmental protection (B) Traditional economy (C) Social-emotional wealth (D) Moral consumerism 39. (A) in the meanwhile (B) in an instant
(C) day in, day out (D) along different lines
40. (A) almost (B) very (C) much (D) many a 41. (A) which (B) where (C) and that (D) unless
42. (A) for granting (B) is granted (C) grants (D) which is granted (43-47)
Obscure as the life of St. Patrick is, there are a few agreed-on facts. By and large, he is believed ____(43)____ born in Wales around 385 A.D. and named Maewyn Succat. His village was ruined, and he was kidnapped by a group of marauders at the age of 16. Not until he was sold into slavery in Ireland
____(44)____. One night in his dream, Maewyn was shown a way to escape from his bitter slave life. He regained freedom after a rugged journey all the way to France ____(45)____ he studied priesthood for twelve years, changed his name to Patrick, and confirmed his lifetime calling to devote himself to the salvation of others.
His ____(46)____, charismatic personality, and knowledge of the social structure in Ireland contributed to his success. After thirty years of being a Christian
missionary in Ireland, Patrick settled down in County Down and retired. By the time of his death, Christianity ____(47)____ root in almost every corner of Ireland. His death date has been commemorated as St. Patrick’s Day ever since.
43. (A) to being (B) to have been (C) had been (D) that was 44. (A) he turned to God (B) he had turned to God
(C) that he turned to God (D) did he turn to God 45. (A) in which (B) , which (C) , where (D) where 46. (A) medication (B) mediator (C) modification (D) modesty
47. (A) had taken (B) was taking (C) would take (D) should have taken (48-57)
During the Vietnamese War between 1961 and 1971, the United States armed forces ____(48)
B
in a crop destruction campaign named Operation Ranch Hand. Agent Orange, an herbicide so ____(49)BC
because of the orange color of itsstorage barrels, was the most heavily used chemical of the campaign. In addition to military personnel involved in the destruction campaign, an ____(50)
A
4.8 million Vietnamese were exposed to the poisonous herbicides during the war. In the years ____(51)AD
the war, reports of increased rates of birth defects in the children of United States military personnel, Vietnamese soldiers, and civilians prompted several studies to ____(52)AE
the connection between Agent Orange exposure and birth defects.Agent Orange contained TCDD, a dioxin which is linked to increase rates of birth defects, cancer, diabetes, and other ____(53)
D
. Though no longer in use, the dioxin contaminant, however, continues to take its toll, since it can remain in the soil for a long time. To prevent dioxin from entering the food chain and posing further threats, the areas that were heavily ____(54)AC
and the former American military bases ____(55)C
Agent Orange and other chemicals were stored and handled are now being cleaned up. As for the lifespan of dioxin, the half-lifedepends on its ____(56)
E
. In human bodies, the time required for it to fall to half its initial value is 11 to 15 years, though it can be as high as 20 years. In theenvironment, the half-time ____(57)
AB
in accordance with the type of soil and the depth of penetration. Dioxin buried or leached under the surface or deep in the sediment of rivers and other bodies of water can have a half-life of more than a century.(A)estimated (B)engaged (C)where (D)disabilities (E)location (AB)varies (AC)sprayed (AD)following (AE)explore (BC)named
III. Reading Comprehension— Select the best answer from the four
options. (20%)
(58-61)
Is positive thinking supposed to take all the credit for our success while negative thinking just steps aside? Can it be possible that we fail because of our positive thinking? According to research by the psychologist Gabriele Oettingen and her colleagues, visualizing a successful result, sometimes, could make people less likely to achieve it. In her experiment, all the participants were refrained from water. She asked some of them to picture a refreshing glass of water. These water-visualizers experienced a significant decline in energy levels, compared with those who held negative or neutral fantasies. Imagining their goal seemed to deprive the water-visualizers of their get-up-and-go, as if they had attained their objective. Another example is some cheery slogans intended to lift the user’s mood by
repeating: “I am a lovable person!” “My life is filled with joy!” Psychologists at the University of Waterloo concluded that such statements make people with low self-esteem even worse—constantly telling themselves they are lovable may provoke internal counterargument that they are not.
Ancient philosophers and spiritual teachers understood the need to balance the positive with negative, optimism with pessimism, a striving for success with an openness to failure. The Stoics recommended “the pre-meditation of evils,” or deliberately visualizing the worst situation, which tends to reduce anxiety about the future. When you are conscious about how terribly things could turn out in reality, you are more confident in your ability to cope with them. In addition, a little fear that you might lose relationships or possessions you currently enjoy increases your gratitude for having them at the present. Positive thinking, by contrast, focuses more attention to the future, overlooking present pleasures. Being overly positive seems less like a sign of joy expression. It’s more of a stressful effort to stamp out any trace of negativity. A positive thinker can never relax, lest an awareness of sadness or failure should sneak in.
58. According to the research done at the University of Waterloo, what might a person with low self-esteem experience after seeing cheery slogans?
(A) Self-denial. (B) A sense of superiority. (C) Elevation of ego. (D) Blind hatred.
59. Which is true about the research done by Gabriele and her colleagues? (A) Negative and neutral fantasies strengthened will for survival. (B) Only a small number of participants had no access to water. (C) Fantasying a glass of water led to sharp decline in energy levels. (D) The participants picturing water suffered from nutrition deficiency. 60. The word “get-up-and-go” in the first paragraph can be replaced by
____________.
(A) ecstasy (B) motivation (C) sacrifice (D) balance 61. Which statement is supported by this passage?
(A) High-maintenance positive thinkers can add excessive burden to themselves. (B) Negative thinkers are reluctant to confront with problems in reality.
(C) Sparing some time for being a bit negative can contribute to idleness. (D) Gabriele and her team took reference to ancient philosophical thinking. (62-64)
The Republic of Ireland occupies five-sixths of the island of Ireland, the second largest island of the British Isles. The remaining sixth of the island is Northern Ireland. Almost eighty years of separation have resulted in diverging patterns of national cultural development between these two neighbors, as seen in language and dialect, religion, government and politics, sports, music, and business culture. Nevertheless, the largest minority population in Northern Ireland, approximately 42 percent of the total population of 1.66 million, consider themselves to be
nationally and ethnically Irish, and they refer to some similarities between their national culture and that of the Republic as one reason why they, and Northern Ireland, should be reunited with the Republic, making the two neighbors an all-island nation-state. The majority population in Northern Ireland, who consider
themselves to be nationally British, do not seek unification with Ireland, but rather wish to maintain their traditional ties to Britain.
Within the Republic of Ireland, cultural distinctions are recognized between urban and rural areas, especially between the capital city Dublin and the rest of the country. While the overwhelmingly majority of Irish people consider themselves to be ethnically Irish, some Irish nationals see themselves as Irish of British descent, a group sometimes referred to as the “Anglo-Irish” or “West Britons.” Another important cultural minority are Irish “Travellers,” who have historically been a travelling ethnic group known for their roles in the informal economy as artisans, traders, and entertainers. There are also small religious minorities, such as Irish Jews, and ethnic minorities, such as Chinese, Indians, and Pakistanis, who have retained many aspects of cultural identification with their original national cultures. 62. Which group of people does “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
(A) The cultural minority in the Republic of Ireland. (B) The 1.66 million people in Northern Ireland. (C) The majority in the Republic of Ireland. (D) The largest minority in Northern Ireland.
63. According to the passage, which is the one reason why Northern Ireland should be reunited with the Republic of Ireland?
(A) The two neighbors share some similarities in national culture. (B) The Republic of Ireland takes up most of the island of Ireland.
(C) The largest minority in Republic of Ireland consider themselves Irish. (D) The majority population in Northern Ireland view themselves as Irish. 64. Which of the following is NOT supported by this passage?
(A) The Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland develop different patterns in cultural aspects due to a long separation.
(B) Irish Travellers, one cultural minority, are known to work as artisans, traders, and some other informal occupations.
emigrants from the Republic of Ireland.
(D) The island of Ireland, the second largest island of the British Isles, is divided into the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.
(65-67)
Pesticides, such as insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides, are toxic chemicals that generally undergo little to no testing on amphibians prior to their being approved for use. Unfortunately, the law of gravity has it that many of these pesticides end up in waterways where amphibians live and breed. Amphibians have permeable skin that is highly absorbent, making them extremely vulnerable to pollutants and pesticides. An abundance of scientific findings has demonstrated the negative effects of a list of commonly used pesticides on amphibians: delayed metamorphosis, immunosuppression, hermaphroditism, sex reversal, and outright mortality.
Many pesticides are applied by spraying, and a portion of the chemicals inevitably get caught in the wind and lifted up to the clouds where they can be carried for hundreds of kilometers from their source, often getting accumulated on mountaintops in once unpolluted national parks and reserves. Populations of the endangered mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa, living downwind of highly agricultural areas in California’s Central Valley, have dropped at a significantly high rate, and the species is on the verge of extinction.
Some pesticides frequently used in the US are rather devastating. Atrazine, known as the 21st century’s DDT, eighty million pounds of which are used each year, turns male frogs into female ones. Roundup, also known as Touchdown Total, which is the most commonly applied herbicide in the US, is lethal to gray treefrog and leopard frog tadpoles. Chlorothalonil, the most used synthetic fungicide, is applied to peanuts, tomatoes, and potatoes in large quantities. Besides being used in the US, this chemical is also commonly seen in Costa Rica and some tropical
nations, where it is used on bananas and other crops. At areas where this fungicide intensively used, lives of tadpoles of multiple treefrog species are claimed within a day.
65. According to this passage, which is NOT one of the negative effects on amphibians pesticides bring about?
(A) A drop in numbers. (B) Loss of life.
(C) Sex reversal. (D) Permeable skin.
66. According to the passage, which is NOT one of the media that spread the pollution of pesticides?
(A) The amphibian. (B) The clouds. (C) The wind. (D) The waterways.
67. Based on this passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned? (A) Some subcategories of pesticides.
(B) Some amphibian species put in danger.
(C) An array of commonly used pesticides in the US.
(D) Institutions involved in the conservation of amphibians.
IV. Translation— Please translate the following in English and write down
your answer in the answer sheet. (8%)
第68、69題：請將答案清楚、整齊書寫在答案卷上。若字體不清造成辨識不易，將 扣分或不予計分。
68. 除非我們接受自己所有的情緒，否則我們不會感到快樂。(unless) 4% We won’t feel happy unless we accept all (of) our emotions.
69. 對於在校成績不好的學生來說，他們有理由可以感到沮喪。(be justified in) 4% For students who/that get low grades at school, they are justified in feeling disappointed/sad/upset/depressed.
