切b 目錄
President's Address by Professor Tony F CHAN 校長陳繁昌教授的講辭
Honorary Degree Citations (in order of degree presentation)
榮譽博士的讀辭(按學世瘟疫次序j
Sir Michael ATIYAH, Doctor of Science honoris causα
Michael ATIYAH爵士理學榮譽博士
Professor Yuk-Shee CHAN, Doctor of Laws honoris cαusa
陳玉樹教授法學榮譽博士
Professor H Vincent POOR, Doctor of Engineering honoris causa
H Vincent POOR教擾工程學榮譽博士
Dr the Hon Allan ZEMAN, Doctor of Business Administration honoris causa
盛智文博士工商管理學榮譽博士
Professor Justin Yifu LIN, Doctor of Social Sciences honoris causa
林毅夫教授社會科學榮譽博士
Address by Professor Justin Yifu LIN 林毅夫教授的講辭 Medal Citations 獎章得主的讀辭 4 8 12 16 20 24 28
Michael G Gale Medal for Distinguished Teaching 32
祁鼓卓越教學服務獎章
Stephen Cheong Kam-chuen Medal for Distinguished Service to the Student Body 34 張鑑泉卓越學生服務獎章
President's Cup 36
校長杯
Address by Graduate Representatives 38
Congregation Programs 單位頒授典禮 14 November 2012 2012年 11 月 14 日 Order of Proceedings 典禮程序
Graduates in the School of Engineering 工學院畢業生名錄
15 November 2012 2012年 11 月 15 日
Order of Proceedings 典禮程序
Graduates in the School of Business and Management 工商管理學院畢業生名錄
Graduates in the Interdisciplinary programs Office 跨學科課程事務處畢業生名錄
Graduates in the HKUST Fok Ying 百mgGraduate School 香港科技大學霍英東研究院畢業生名錄 16 November 2012 2012年 11 月 16 日 Appendices 附錄 Order of Proceedings 典禮程序
Graduates in the School of Science 理學院畢業生名錄
Graduates in the School of Humanities and Social Science 人文社會科學學院畢業生名錄
Degrees Conferred 煩援學位
Titles of PhD Theses Completed in 2011-12 2011-12年博士畢業論文題目 48 50 72 74 92 94 98 100 109 112 114
President's Address
Professor Tony F CHAN
Dear guests, graduates, parents, friends and colleagues,
Almost 40 years ago, I was a young man from Hong Kong, sitting in the graduation exercises at an American university, just like you down there, waiting to receive my Bachelor of Science degree.
The world knew little about Hong Kong and Hong Kong had little impact on the world. It was a world where the West was where young men and women from the East went to pursue knowledge, where graduates went to pursue opportunities. Hardly any went in the West to East direction.
Oh how the world and Hong Kong have changed in the past 40 years. The rise of Asia and China, the excellence in academics achieved by Asian institutions of higher education-including those in Hong Kong like HKUST, make traffic two-way in pursuing education and opportunities. Hong Kong, and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, have benefited enormously from this open-minded internationalization. Today, Hong Kong is a world-class city, and today, HKUST is a world-class university!
I just returned two weeks ago from a trip to three countries of Europe, Denmark, Sweden and Germany, where university presidents envy our positioning as an international university with wide ranging connections in Mainland China, that we are in a thriving international city that can take
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PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS BY PROFESSOR TONY F CHANadvantage of a historically unique One Country, Two Systems of governance, situated in a dynamic region of the world's economy, combining the best from the East and the West. They are amazed at our rapid rise in global recognition in a short 20 years, whereas their universities were founded centuries ago. They envy our use of English as a language of instruction, enabling our graduates to enter the global workforce and educational opportunities with ease, and also enabling us to attract the best students from all corners of the world, something that most Continental European universities can only dream about. University faculty there envy our global research recognition combined with Mainland Chinese collaborations and resources. Soon-to-graduate PhD students there are eager to come join our faculty, and where undergraduate students competed fiercely to exchange to HKUST.
I also met our local HKUST graduates who are now thriving in Europe, and who went to Europe not because they have friends or relatives there but seek challenges and opportunities in a global arena. Some first went as exchange students, like what they experienced and went back for full-time graduate studies. Some stayed and are working there. They are excellent ambassadors for HKUST, indeed for Hong Kong.
I also met German, Danish and Swedish students who either graduated from HKUST or were exchange students here. They spoke fondly of their experience at HKUST and are recommending others to follow their footsteps.
All of the students I met, be they from Hong Kong or Europe, are taking advantage of a truly globalized world. They exemplified what I happened to read in an article in the New York Times on my trip-that Asian universities are doing better and better in making their graduates globally employable. In fact, the article led off with an example of a German student who spent three years at HKUST and is now working for an international company in Germany. The article says, "According to a recent study on graduate employability, Mr Kramer's HKUST degree puts him ahead of business graduates from many well-known Western universities". This deserves to be better known in Hong Kong.
In this context, it is surprising to find that there are some in Hong Kong who question an open mind towards the rest of the globe, including Mainland China. In my view, it is this open mind that contributes to Hong Kong's formidable global positioning today. And it is this open mind that makes HKUST the world-acclaimed university it is today.
Frankly, I don't remember what was exactly on my mind 40 years ago when I sat waiting for my university graduation. But I can tell you that the picture of Hong Kong today and HKUST today, how far both have come and where they are heading, was something too fantastic to even dream about 40 years ago.
I hope that those of you who are graduating today will tell people you meet, including younger generations following you, how Hong Kong has survived and developed and thrived as an international city being part of China. I hope that you go forth into the world armed with global knowledge and global mindset, and be able to apply global insight to solve global problems and grasp global opportunities.
At HKUST, the global outlook is not just a slogan.
It should be in the DNA of every student in this university. The world is your oyster, but only if you take it with both hands.
To all of you graduates I say: "Good luck as you solve these problems and grasp these opportunities!! And make HKUST proud!"
Thank you!!
校長講辭 陳繁昌教授 各位嘉賓、畢業同學、家長、親友和同事: 大約四十年前，年青的我從香港到美國，在大學 的畢業典禮上，就像你今天一樣靜心等待接受理 學士學位。 四十年前，世界對香港沒有太深的認識，香港在 世界的影響力也微不足道。當時 E 洲的年青學生 到西方求學趨之若驚，期望畢業後尋求更佳的機 會。西方國家的學生東來，可謂絕無僅有。 過去四十年，世界的確變了!香港也不倒外。直 洲和中國迅速蠣起，香港科技大學與亞洲不少高 等學府成就卓著，到西方國家求學和尋找機會已 不再是單一的選擇。相反，東西之間的交流互動 變得雙向。這種積極開放的國際化趨勢，有利香 港以及香港科技大學的發展。今日，香港已經是 國際級的大都會;而科大也是世界一流的大學! 我剛從歐洲公幹回港，在兩星期的行程中先後到 訪丹麥、瑞典以及德國多問學府。當地大學的 校長十分羨慕科大獨特的位置，我們既是國際大 學、又與中國內地建立深厚的聯繫;而香港作 為國際城市，可以充份利用一國兩制的優勢;香 港身處全球經濟發展最蓬勃的地區，東西著草。 這些歐洲的大學都有數百年歷史，科大卻能於短 短二十年間迅速冒起，令人讚歎。我們以英語作 為教學語言，讓畢業生在國際職場上立足或到外 國深造，科大亦能吸引世界各地最優秀的學生， 6 I 校長陳繁昌教授的講辭 這對不少歐洲大陸的學府來說，是難以實現的。 我們的研究成果得到國際認同，同時能與內地合 作，借助他們的堂富資源，令外地大學羨慕不 已。當地畢業在即的博士生渴望到科大任教，本 科生亦爭取到科大作交換生。 我亦與當地來自香港的科大畢業生聚會。他們遺 赴歐洲，並不是為了與親友團聚，而是把握全球 化的機遇，發揮所長。有些學生最初以交換學生 的身份到歐洲，並愛上當地的生活，其後回到那 裡唸碩士;其中不少留在海外發展。他們都是香 港和科大傑出的親善大使。 在行程中，我還見到在科大畢業及曾到科大交流 的德國、丹麥與瑞典學生;說到在科大的美好回 憶與體驗，他們都侃侃而談，且十分鼓勵其他同 學到科大學習。 我所遇到無論是香港還是歐洲的同學，都充份利 用全球化的環境，發揮最大優勢。我在途中閱讀 了〈紐約時報〉的一篇報導，文中提及亞洲的大 學正不斷求進，其畢業生更在環球職場土越來越 受僱主青睞。報導以一位香港科大畢業的德國留 學生開始，他現於德國一家跨國公司工作。文章 指出: r 最近一項有關畢業生就業情況的研究顯 示， Kramer先生憑著香港科大的學位，令他比許 多西方著名商學院畢業生取得更大的優勢。」香 港應該對此引以自豪。
香港有些人質疑，何以要向全球各國及中國內地 抱持開放態度?這種想法令人感到莫名其妙。 我認為積極進取、廣納百川正是香港得以蹄身國 際、成為首屈一指的城市不可或缺的因素。也就 是這種外向型的開放態度，令科大輩聲國際。 老實說，四十年前大學畢業禮上我所想的，今天 已經印象模糊。然而我卻可以清楚告訴你，香港 以及科大在過去的努力、以至取得今天的成就、 以及往後我們邁向的目標，都是四十年前無法想 像的。 我期望今天畢業的你能夠與別人、包括比你更年 輕的一代，分享香港如何致力發展成為中國的國 際城市;也期望你們能憑著對世界的認識和環球 視野，放眼世界、到外面闖闖，為應對環球的問 題盡一己之力，同時把握全球機遇，擁抱世界。 對於科大來說，國際化不是一個口號，而應該是 每一位科大同學最基本的素質。世界是妳的，各 位的前途無可限量一只要伸出雙手、將機會牢牢 抓住。 讓我向在座的各位畢業生祝願: r 願你把握機 遇、努力向上，讓科大以你為傲! J 謝謝! 校長陳繁昌教授的講辭 I 7
Doctor of Science honoris causa
Sir Michael ATIYAH
Citation
According to his peers, Sir Michael Atiyah received the equivalent of two Nobel Prizes. The prizes he won are considered the Nobel equivalent because there is no Nobel Prize for Mathematics.
If
Alfred Nobel were alive today, he might see it differently, because as Sir Michael so charmingly and convincingly made clear, mathematics is the language of science, some say the mother of science.Sir Michael's theoretical contributions have resulted in the solution of many outstanding and difficult problems in mathematics. Of the two Nobel-equivalent prizes in mathematics won by Sir Michael, the first was the Fields Medal in 1966, for his seminal work with others on the K Theory and the Atiyah-Singer Index Theorem for which he also jointly won the Abel Prize in 2004 with his long-time collaborator Isadore Singer in recognition of "their discovery and proof of the Index Theorem, bringing together topology, geometry and analysis and their outstanding role in building new bridges between mathematics and theoretical physics". Several major areas in theoretical physics, such as the theories of superspace and supergravity, as well as the string theory of fundamental particles profited from the ideas advanced by Sir Michael. He earned the ultimate honor of having the 'Atiyah-Singer Index Theorem' named after him and his collaborator. At the same time Sir Michael has done much to bring the work of theoretical physics to the attention of his mathematical peers.
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HONORARY DEGREE CrTATlDNSSir Michael is mathematically prolific, having produced a large body of influential works, including a book on K Theory, six volumes of his
Collected Works
published by Oxford University Press, andIntroduction to Commutative Algebra,
a widely used advanced textbook. He has the knack of seeing interconnections between disciplines and sub-disciplines within mathematics, saying "What drives my interest in mathematics is the interconnections between different parts of mathematics." His students have been inspired to do likewise. A man of peace, he can see clearly the interconnections between mathematics and the military science. In his farewell presidential address to the Royal Society in 1995, he said that the ivory tower is no longer a sanctuary for scientists, pointing out that mathematical thinking and technology has changed the character of warfare, including the atomic bomb, stealth technology, and miniaturization. Mathematics has led to a complete reorganization of knowledge, including its role on the revolutionary impact of the computer.Success came early to Sir Michael. After obtaining his doctorate from Cambridge University and teaching there and Oxford, he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society at the young age of 32. Sir Michael has practically garnered every prize and honor in mathematics worth garnering, from becoming the first Director of the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences to being installed as President of the Royal Society in 1990. He casts a giant shadow in the academic
world, occupying the Savilian Chair of Geometry at Oxford, becoming the Master of Trinity College at Cambridge and being appointed Professor of Mathematics at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. The numerous awards he has won throughout his career include the De Morgan Medal, the Feltrinelli Prize, and the King Faisal International Prize for Science, and the Copley Medal of the Royal Society, the Benjamin Franklin Medal, the Nehru Medal and the Grand Officier of the French Legion d'honneur. In 1974-76 he became President of the London Mathematical Society. In 1983, he was knighted by the Queen. And in 1992 he was made a member of the Order of Merit.
In the mathematical galaxy, Sir Michael is one of its brightest stars. He belongs to that fine tradition among great mathematicians who can deliver 'a high density of truth' with compact statements that are both elegant and precise. As John Neumann once said, "If people do not believe that mathematics is simple, it is only because they do not realize how complicated life is." Sir Michael cuts through the complexity of life, seeing connections where others see none. His prodigious intellect is capable of decoding complexity with great simplicity.
HKUST is therefore hugely blessed to have Sir Michael serving on the International Advisory Board of our Institute for Advanced Study since its foundation, and of which he was a visiting member from 2007 to 2010. His popular public lectures here left us enthralled and enlightened.
There is no mathematician alive today more honored in more countries than Sir Michael, having been elected a foreign member of many national academies across the globe, from
Australia to America, and from India to Ireland. Countless universities in countless countries have conferred honorary degrees on him, from Chicago to Cambridge, and from Wales to Waterloo. The honors are many but they all agree on one thing: that in Sir Michael, we have a great mathematician and a great human being who has an eye for the interflow of ideas and a heart for peace.
Mr Council Chairman, on behalf of the Council of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, I have the high honor of presenting to you Sir Michael Atiyah, Honorary Professor at the University of Edinburgh, for the award of Doctor of Science
honoris causa.
理學榮譽博士
Michael
ATIYAH 爵士讀辭
Michael Atiyah 爵士的同儕曾這樣說， Atiyah 爵士 榮獲了兩項等同諾貝爾獎的殊榮，這個說法是由 於諾貝爾獎不設數學。假如諾貝爾今天還在生， 他或許對當年不設數學獎有不同的看法。 Atiyah 爵 士巧妙地叫人確信數學是科學的語言，有人甚至 認為數學是科學之母。 Michael Atiyah 爵士在數學理論方面的貢獻，解決 了許多懸而未決的數學難題。他榮獲兩項等同諾 貝爾獎，第一項是 1966 年獲頒的菲爾獎，表揚他 與幾位學者共同開創的 K 理論及與 Isadore Singer 教授共同發表的 Atiyah-Singer 定理。 Atiyah 爵士 與 Singer 教授在研究上長期合作，他們兩位同於 2004 年贏得阿貝爾獎，表揚「兩人共同發現及 證明指數定理，並綜合了拓撲學、幾何學和分析 學，為數學與理論物理學建立了新的聯繫 J 0 Atiyah 爵士提出的構想，有助推進理論物理學多個 範疇，如超空間和超引力理論等重要研究，以至 基本粒子弦論的發展。 Atiyah 爵士與 Singer教授發 現的 I Atiyah-Singer 指數定理 J '是以兩人的名字 命名，學術地位備受推崇。 Atiyah 爵士更致力加強 數學家對理論物理的了解，貢獻良多。 Michael Atiyah 爵士著作甚堂，影響深遠，包括關 於K 理論的著作、由牛津大學出版社出版的一套 六冊(研究全集> '以及獲廣泛探用的高階教科 書《交換代數〉。他洞悉數學不同領域之間的關 餘，並指出「數學範疇緊緊相扣的關連，燃起我 10 I 榮譽博士的輯 對數學的興趣 J '而他的學生亦深受散發。 Atiyah 爵士愛好和平，明瞭數學與軍事科學的關備。他 於 1995 年退任英國皇家學會主席時，在告別演詞 中表示，科學家不再生活在象牙塔，並指出數學 思維和科技令戰爭帶來變更，包括促使原子彈、 隱形技衛及微型技術的出現。數學令人類對知識 作全面的重整，也為計算機的發展帶來翻天覆地 的影響。 Michael Atiyah 爵士天才橫溢，早年便嶄露頭角。 他取得劍橋大學博士學位後，曾先後任教劍橋、 牛津兩所大學， 32 歲已成為英國皇家學會院 士。 Atiyah 爵士囊括數學界差不多每項至高譽及 殊榮，包括成為牛頓數學科學研究所首位所長， 及於 1990 年成為英國皇家學會主席。 Atiyah 爵士 在學術界聲名超卓，他是牛津大學薩維爾幾何學 講座教授、劍橋大學聖三一書院院長，並獲聘為 普林斯頓高等研究院數學講座教授。他獲得的獎 譽多不勝數，包括摩根獎章、費爾特里內利獎、 實薩爾國王國際科學獎、英國皇家學會科普利獎 章、富蘭克林獎章、尼茄魯獎及法國榮譽軍圓大 軍官勳章。他於 1974 至 76 年間擔任倫敦數學學會 主席，後於 1983 年獲英女皇封爵，並於 1992 年獲 授功績勳章。 在數學領域中， Michael Atiyah 爵士堪為最閃爍耀 眼的明星之一。他秉承偉大數學家的優良傳統， 能夠以優雅簡單的言詞，闡述「高度的真相」。
正如約翰﹒依曼(John Neurnann) 曾經說過: 「假若人們不相信數學是如此簡單，只因他們未 嘗領悟生活是何等複雜。 J Atiyah 爵士參透世事萬 物，闡微顯幽，達無人之境，並以其睿智，簡練 精確地解決復雜的問題。 香港科技大學高等研究院自成立以來，有幸獲得 Atiyah 爵士擔任國際顧問委員會委員，並於 2007 至 2010 年間擔任訪問教授。他的公開講座每次都 座無虛席，引人入勝而又極具敢發性。 Michael Atiyah 爵士是全球多個國際學術機構的 海外成員，包括澳洲、美國、印度、愛爾蘭等。 無數國家向他頒授獎譽，以當今在世的數學家來 說， Atiyah 爵士獨領風騷。此外，他獲得多所大 學頒發榮譽學位，包括芝加哥大學、劍橋大學、 威爾斯大學、決特盧大學等。 Atiyah 爵士的獎譽有 如恆河沙數，正好道出他是當今偉大的數學家之 一，也是一位博學於融、心嚮和平的偉人。 主席先生，本人謹代表香港科技大學校董會，恭 請閣下頒授理學榮譽博士于愛丁堡大學榮譽教授 Michael Atiyah 爵士。 榮譽博士的讀辭 I 11
Doctor of Laws honoris causa
Professor Yuk -Shee CHAN
Citation
The story within the story of Prof Yuk-Shee Chan, President of Lingnan University, is that he became an academic leader, not driven by personal ambition, but by a sense of purpose. He never set his mind on being a university president. But then, he never planned on being the founding dean of the world-acclaimed HKUST Business School either. He is an educator's educator. All he ever wanted was to be a teacher, heart and soul. In this he was inspired by a high-school mentor who threw himself totally into his teaching, writing beautiful Chinese characters on the blackboard only to erase and rewrite them in the next lesson. He took that lesson to heart -doing things with maximum purpose and passion. Everything else was an afterthought.
By definition, trail-blazers are natural leaders. But Prof Chan is a leader with a difference: he is totally egoless and self-effacing, a soft-spoken man who prefers to speak through his actions, and who leads by listening. But make no mistake. This leader is a quick study. When he answered the call to be the founding dean of our Business School, he might have a thin resume in administration, though he was a rising academic star as a Chair Professor in Finance at the University of Southern California at the improbable age of 36. But lack of experience was no impediment, as President Kennedy used to say "There are no schools for presidents either." What he lacked in management was more than made up for by his ability to see his way forward. And he quickly saw that the royal road to building
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HONORARY DEGREE CrTATlONSa world-class business school was by running it strictly on international standards, creating an intellectual environment which was a home-away-from-home for top-tier academics. He knew, too, that institutional reputation rests on research output and impact. By putting research on the front-burner, Prof Chan quickly put HKUST Business School on the world map.
Speaking of being on the world map, academically speaking, Hong Kong had never come first in anything, until our joint EMBA program came along. By the time he left HKUST, this program was ranked among the world's top-three. Remarkably, for the past four years in a row, it was ranked the world's number one program. As its co-founder, Prof Chan deserves a big chunk of the credit.
When Prof Chan took charge, there was no EMBA program in Hong Kong or Asia which catered to the training needs of senior executives of major international corporations. Prof Chan saw the opening and seized it, wondering why business leaders in Asia should have to travel to the US for their business training. But first-rate business leaders demand a first-rate program. As a virtual unknown, HKUST needed a world leader for a partner to usher in world-class quality. The stars were properly aligned for this partnership. Prof Chan himself had taught at the Kellogg School of Management at the Northwestern University, and so had our business professor Steve DeKrey. Indeed our founding President Prof Chia-Wei Woo
was also for many years a Physics professor at Northwestern. So when Prof Chan approached Dean Donald Jacobs of Kellogg School their mutual trust was such that the agreement on a joint EMBA program was sealed by no more than a handshake, with nothing in black and white. The rest, as they say, is history.
Though the School's achievements were spectacular, Prof Chan's contributions to HKUST went far beyond the School and its elite programs. When he later became HKUST's Vice-President for Academic Affairs, he applied the same exacting standards to building quality education for our students. He was one of the architects for the University's all-round excellence.
In 2007, Prof Chan was called to a bigger mission: to assume the presidency of Lingnan University. Of necessity, at Lingnan, he adopted and adapted a different strategy. Whereas HKUST is a research university, Lingnan is a liberal arts university whose fortunes will rise or fall on the quality of its teaching. He firmly believes that a good liberal arts institution thrives on being small and residential. Here again, Prof Chan is seized by a sense of mission. Liberal arts colleges in Asia are few and far between, and good ones are rarer still. Prof Chan has set his sights on giving Hong Kong the finest liberal arts education possible. To reach this goal, he hangs his hat on quality, determined to give the students an integrated living and learning environment on campus and ample global exposure. Upon completing his five-year term as President, Lingnan University is on track to be 100% residential in 2013, with more than 50% of the students now enjoying exchange experience for a semester during their study. Indeed, Lingnan looks set to be the place where liberal arts will make the students whole and where "small is beautiful".
Mr Council Chairman, on behalf of the Council of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, I have the high honor of presenting to you Prof Yuk-Shee Chan, SBS, JP, President of Lingnan University, for the award of Doctor of Laws
honoris causa.
法學榮譽博士 陳玉樹教授 讚辭 嶺南大學校長陳玉樹教授是學術界領袖，背後的 動力源自一份使命感，而非為了個人榮譽。他沒 有刻意追求成為大學校長，更從未銳意成為今天 世界知名的香港科技大學商學院的創院院長，惟 一心一意成為授業之師，是教育家的典範。他深 受其高中老師的散發薰陶，這位老師故故不倦， 畢生投入教學，每天在黑板上寫下優美的一字 一句，日復一日，筆耕不斷。陳教授深深體會筒 中道理，明白做人處事必須要有使命感，全情投 入，其他一切只屬次要。 一般人認為，敢為人先是天生的領導者，但陳教 授卻是一位與別不同的領袖:他大公無私，謙 遜有禮，溫文爾雅，喜歡坐言起行，以行動代替 說話，以聆聽作為領導。這位領導者學習能力非 凡，在應邀出任本校商學院創院院長之時，已是 學術界新星，年僅 36 歲即出任南加州大學財務 學講座教授，但當時行政管理經驗尚淺，即使 如此，缺乏經驗無礙他的工作表現，誠如美國甘 迺迪總統說過: I 世上亦沒有專門培育總統的學 校。」陳教授高瞻遠囑，正好彌補在管理經驗上 的不足。他很快認定，要建立世界級的商學院， 必須要臻達國際水平，匯 1較全球頂尖學術人才， 為他們建立優良的學術氛圍。陳教授亦深明_，學 府的聲譽取決於學術研究成果及其影響力，他對 學術研究的重視，成功令科大商學院迅速蹄身世 界知名學府之列。 14 I 榮譽博士的讀辭 談到國際地位，香港在學術方面從未高鋸世界榜 首，直至本校合辦行政人員工商管理碩士 (EMBA) 課程，才打破這個局面。 EMBA 課程在陳教授離 開科大之時已晉身全球三大課程之一，更於過往 連續四年高鋸全球首位，成績斐然。陳教授身為 EMBA課程的聯合創辦人，實在功不可沒。 陳教授執掌科大商學院之時，香港以至直洲地區 的高等學府尚未有為大型跨國公司培訓高級行政 人才的 EMBA 課程。陳教授眼見 E 洲商界領袖紛 紛千里迢迢前往美國接受商業培訓，認為機不 可失。然而，頂尖卓越的商界領袖要求一流的課 程。當時科大建校初期，確實需要世界級的合作 夥伴，以確保世界一流的課程質章。夥伴合作能 夠成事，可說是時勢使然:陳教授本人及商學院 的戴歇思教授曾先後於西北大學凱洛格管理學院 任教，而本校創校校長吳家瑋教授亦曾於西北大 學擔任物理學教授多年。因此，當陳教授與凱洛 格學院院長 Donald Jacobs 教授初次接觸，雙方一 拍即合，即使未有接訂任何文件，便已協定合辦 EMBA課程。此後的發展，締造了歷史。 儘管商學院成就非凡，陳教授對科大的貢獻遠超 於商學院及學院出類拔萃的課程。陳教授其後出 任科大學術副校長，同樣貫徹嚴格標準，為學生 創造優質教育環境，科大能夠取符全面的卓越表 現，有賴陳教授等諸位功臣的努力耕耘。
2007 年，陳教授獲邀出任嶺南大學校長一職。 因應嶺大的實際情況及需要，陳教授制訂不同的 策略。科大是一所研究型大學，而嶺大則專注博 雅教育，後者的成敗關鍵取決於教學質素。陳教 授深信，優質博雅教育講求細而精和校園舍堂生 活。陳教授再次在使命感驅使之下，肩負重任。 亞洲的博雅教育大學屈指可數，優質者更是鳳毛 麟角。陳教授竭盡所能，為香港眾多莘莘學子提 供最優秀的博雅教育。為了實現目標，他強調教 學質素，決心為學生營造生活與學習彼此融合的 校園環境，並為學生提供大量接觸國際社會的機 會。陳教授五年校長任期屆滿時，嶺大巳落實於 2013 年為全體學生提供宿舍，現時亦有過半數學 生能夠於學習期內體驗一個學期的交換生生活。 誠然，嶺大正悉力以赴，成為培育學生全人發展 的博雅教育學府，體現「精細就是美」的教育理 念。 主席先生，本人謹代表香港科技大學校董會，恭 請閣下頒授法學榮譽博士于嶺南大學校長陳玉樹 教授 SBS 太平紳士。 榮譽博士的讀辭 I 15
Doctor of Engineering honoris causa
Professor H Vincent POOR
Citation
Recently, a famous technology writer declared: "In future, everything will be wireless".
If
so, we have Prof H Vincent Poor to thank for making this wireless world multiply accessible. We are now living in a world where communications and computing are converging, in which cyberspace has been 'democratized' and human creativity unleashed, a world in which we can communicate with 'anyone, anytime, anywhere'. More than half the world's population is now connected by mobile phones, with 8 billion text messages sent per day, and many third world countries being able to leapfrog the need for expensive and cumbersome land lines. As high data bandwidths become more ubiquitous, they will place more powerful capabilities in the hands of a great many people, making their lives better in countless ways, big and small. At the center of this world revolution is Prof Poor, whose pioneering contributions to multiple access communications made it possible for many users to share the same wireless channels effectively. Wireless communication, by its nature, is vulnerable to interference, potentially negating many of its benefits. Prof Poor's enormous contributions are both in the theory and technology that mitigates interference in wireless communication through the development of advanced signal processing techniques. These techniques are part of the most important communication technologies in our recent and even emerging technologies. They affect nearly every sphere of human activity.Prof Poor is therefore a man for our age. The breadth of his scientific contributions is reflected
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HONORARY DEGREE CITATIONSin the length of his honors list. He is the Dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Science at Princeton University and the Michael Henry Strater University Professor of Electrical Engineering. He is a member of the US National Academy of Engineering and the US National Academy of Sciences, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and an International Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering of the United Kingdom, a Guggenheim Fellow and a Fellow of the IEEE. He is a past President of the IEEE Information Theory Society and past Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE
Transactions on Information Theory.
He has also been a visiting scholar at a number of universities and research institutions' in the US and elsewhere, including Stanford, Harvard and Imperial College in London.Prof Poor may be a man of science, but he sees himself proudly also as a passionate educator with a sense of mission. Of all the honors heaped on Prof Poor, he may be proudest of a handful of prestigious teaching awards: the National Science Foundation Director's Award for the Distinguished Teaching Scholars, the IEEE Education Medal, the American Society for Engineering Education Terman Award, and the Princeton SEAS Distinguished Teacher Award. It is not unusual for a distinguished scientist to receive an education award, but uncommon indeed to win multiple awards. They seal his reputation as an outstanding educator.
Since becoming Dean of Engineering at Princeton in 2006, Prof Poor has seen the number of undergraduates enrolled in engineering increased
by 41%, and the amount of space committed to engineering gone up by 3 8%. He has made engineering education more accessible in more ways than one.
There is a famous course on 'Wireless Revolution' for both engineering and non-engineering students at Princeton, now widely copied by other universities. This course is an expression of Prof Poor's educational philosophy which addresses a special need in higher education today: better integration of engineering and the liberal arts. He sees all too clearly that the world's pressing problems in health, security and the environment all require science and technology for their solution. Engineering should therefore no longer be taught in isolation. To him, the essence of engineering is creativity and teamwork. Engineers must learn to also function as leaders in business and public service. Society also needs a workforce that is 'technically literate' and creatively competitive. It thus makes sense for engineering and humanities to meet. At Princeton, courses are created for teams of engineers and non-engineers to work together to find solutions to problems. He sees the teacher's job as bringing out the students' in-born creative qualities, giving them freedom to find their creativity, even if doing so leads to student stumbles or missteps. At the very least what emerges is the originality of their ideas.
To many students, Prof Poor is a nurturing father figure who is approachable to a fault. The graduates he mentored are now spread out across many institutions as prominent scholars and scientists. Today, we honor a rare outstanding scientist whose gift as an educator is equaled only by his genius in helping to create an increasingly wireless world in which unprecedented freedom and human creativity triumph.
Mr Council Chairman, on behalf of the Council of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, I have the high honor of presenting to you Prof H Vincent Poor, Dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Science at Princeton University, for the award of Doctor of Engineering
honoris causa.
工程學榮譽博士
H Vincent
POOR 教授
讚辭 近日，一位著名的科技評論家斷言: I 在未來世 界，一切都是無線。」如果此言當真，我們應該 感謝 Vincent Poor 教授把這個無線世界變得無遺 弗屆。今日的社會，通訊與電腦技術正是密不可 分，網絡空間自由開放，人類創意得到釋放，使 任何人都可以打破時空限制，通訊無間。在全球 人口中，超過一半使用手機進行通訊，每天傳送 的短訊數量達到 80 億，而許多第三世界國家亦能 取得通訊技術上的躍進，不再需要建設昂貴而複 雜的回網線路。隨著高頻寬數據服務日益普及， 將有更多人受惠於強大的科技力量，全面提高生 活質素。 Poor 教授在這場世界革命中舉足輕重， 他研發多重存取通訊技衛，令用者可更有效地同 時使用同一無線頻道。無線通訊本身很容易受到 干擾，可能抵消這種技術的優勢。 Poor 教授的重 大貢獻在於理論和技術研究，透過發展先進的訊 號處理技術，減少無線通訊受到的干擾。這些技 術對目前的資訊科技以至未來發展極其重要，對 人類生活每個範疇，具有深遠影響。Vincent
Poor 教授是當代傑出人物，對科研工作 作出廣泛貢獻，獲獎無數。他是普林斯頓大學工 程及應用科學學院院長和史翠特大學電機工程學 教授。同時，他是美國國家工程學院和美國國家 科學院的成員、美國國家藝術與科學院院士、英 國皇家工程學院國際院士、古根漢基金會會士和 電機及電子工程師學會 (IEEE) 院士。他曾同時擔任 IEEE 信息理論學會會長和 IEEE 刊物 <IEEE
8 I 榮譽博士的讀辭
Transactions on Information
Theorγ》總編輯。他 還任美國和多所大學和研究院的訪問學人，包括 史丹福大學、哈佛大學、倫敦帝國學院等。Vincent
Poor 教授熱衷科學，更熱心教育，以教育 事業為職志。在他數之不畫的獎項之中，令他最 感自豪的是幾個重要教學獎項:美國國家科學基 金會傑出教師獎、 IEEE 教育獎章、美國工程教育 學會的特爾曼獎和普林斯頓大學工程及應用科學 學院傑出教學獎。著名科學家獲頒教育獎項並不 罕見，但 Poor 教授獲得的教育獎數目之多卻是難 能可貴，足見他是一位出色的教育家。 自 Vincent Poor 教授於 2006 年擔任普林斯頓大學工 程學院院長以來，學院的本科生人數上升了 41%
'而工程學院的可用面積亦增加了 38% '他透過 不同層面，讓更多人有機會接受工程學教育。 普林斯頓大學開辦了一門稱為「無線革命」的科 目，工程學和非工程學的學生都可以修請，其他 大學也相繼開辦。這個課程充分體現 Poor 教授 的教育理念，就是促進工程學科典人文學科的融 合，以配合當前高等教育的獨特需要。他清晰見 到，全球迫切的健康、安全和環境等問題，均 需要靠科技來解決，工程學已不再是單一的學 科。對他來說，工程學講求創意和團隊合作。工 程師需要學習如何在商界和公共服務界擔當領導 角色，而社會亦需要具有科技知識和富創意的人才，所以工程學典人文學科的融合是理所當然 的。因此，普林斯頓大學開辦多個工程和工程以 外的課程，讓不同學系的學生共同探討問題，思 考解決方案。 Poor 教授認為，為人師表的使命是 歇迪學生的天賦創意，讓他們自由發揮，縱使學 生偶有碰壁和犯錯也不介意，這樣才能激發獨創 性的思維。 在許多學生的心目中，
Vincent
Poor教授就像一 位慈父，極為平易近人。他桃李滿門，許多門生 現職不同機構，當中不乏享負盛名的學者和科學 家。今天，我們要表揚這位出類拔萃的科學家， 他既是傑出的教育家，對科技發展同樣有卓越的 貢獻。他開創無線技術的發展，讓我們得享前所 未有的通訊自由及發揮無盡創意。 主席先生，本人謹代表香港科技大學校董會，恭 請閣下頒授工程學榮譽博士于普林斯頓大學工程 及應用科學學院院長 HVincent
Poor 教授。 榮譽博士的讀辭 I 19Doctor of Business Administration honoris causa
Dr the Hon Allan ZEMAN
Citation
Dr the Hon Allan Zeman must be Hong Kong's only Grand Bauhinia Medal winner with three nicknames. He is known variously as the Father of Lan Kwai Fong, the Mouse Killer or a 'Born-Again' Chinese. These names, all affectionate, show his place in the heart of the city and its citizens. But they don't stretch far enough to cover many of his good deeds and multiple achievements. With his fingers in so many public service pies, which include the Community Chest and West Kowloon Cultural District Authority, also having served with the Hong Kong Tourism Commission, the former Cultural and Heritage Commission and the Urban Renewal Authority, it seems that no agency wants to miss out on his brains and blessing. One of his remarkable feats is that despite being the darling of every post-Handover administration he has left unruffled the feathers of any political player. He can rub shoulders with the rich, the radicals or the rootless. He sees even potential enemies as prospective partners. He likes to call himself the Happiness Creator. And who can argue with that? Every city needs an Allan Zeman.
But, Dr Zeman will forever be known as the creator and developer of Lan Kwai Fong, a Western oasis of the good life of which he now owns 65%. At the height of the pre-1997 jitters when residents were fleeing Hong Kong in a mass exodus, he doubled down on a city living 'on borrowed time', buying up an entire block and transforming it into the must-visit destination to which expatriates,
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HONORARY DEGREE CITAllONSvisitors and returnees now flock. Lan Kwai Fong is the envy of every up-and-corning Asian city. No fewer than 15 Chinese cities now want their own replica of this iconic Hong Kong neighborhood.
Next to Lan Kwai Fong, Dr Zeman's face is most often linked with Ocean Park. When he was appointed its Chairman, Ocean Park was fraying at the edges and ready to throw in its towel in a toe-to-toe with the newly arrived Mickey Mouse and all that stands behind this world icon. A hopelessly asymmetric contest, everybody feared that the local David would be no match for the global Goliath. Dr Zeman himself was the first to admit that prior to his appointment, he had never once set foot inside the local theme park.
But Dr Zeman doesn't mind being an underdog. His whole life is about taking on outsized challenges where the odds are long and the situation desperate. At age seven, in Montreal, he lost his father and had to learn to survive by his wits and his can-do spirit. For a man who has never read a book in his life, Dr Zeman can smell an opportunity from the other side of the Pacific. In the late seventies of the last century, he carne here as a garment trader and ended up as a city father of the Hong Kong SAR.
In Ocean Park, we see the Allan Zeman magic at work. When others saw the end, he saw the beginning of a rebirth. He quickly redefined the
rules of the contest: Disneyland is an imported fantasy, Ocean Park is alive with local color, where the ocean beckons, and animals frolic. He turned it into a place that is environmentally and educationally friendly. To everybody's surprise, Ocean Park outperformed Disney, prompting Forbes to call him the Mouse Killer. The truth is, both theme parks thrive in healthy competition, with Ocean Park now among the world's top-50 most visited destinations.
Kipling had famously said that East is East and West is West and never the twain shall meet. But in Lan Kwai Fang and Ocean Park, Dr Zeman has proved him wrong twice.
As a university, we celebrate the Allan Zeman's spirit as much as his achievements: His creativity is people-based. His out-of-the-box thinking comes from looking at things from other people needs. Part of his creativity is expecting the unexpected and milking the most out of every situation. Always brimming with confidence, Dr Zeman does not have a negative bone in his body. If there is an Allan Zeman motto, it is this: self-confidence opens doors and overcomes obstacles. Never known to be upset for more than five minutes, his amazing amnesia and amiability keep him alive to life's many possibilities. He lives horizontally, travelling far and wide, and he lives vertically, sucking the intensity out of every endeavor.
Today, local children thank him for bringing Halloween to Hong Kong. Adults love him for giving them a place to play hard after working hard. And everybody adores a man with the Midas touch and a charitable heart.
Mr Council Chairman, on behalf of the Council of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, I have the high honor of presenting to you Dr the Han Allan Zeman, GBM, GBS, JP, Chairman of Ocean Park, for the award of Doctor of Business Administration
honoris causa.
工商管理學榮譽博士 盛智文博士 讚辭 在香港大紫荊勳賢中，恐怕只有盛智文博士擁有 三個稱號: r 蘭桂坊之父」、「米老鼠殺手」 或落戶香江的 r:華人」。這些暱稱，都顯示他在 本港市民心目中的地位。不過，這些稱呼都不足 以代表他的眾多善舉和成就。盛博士熱心服務社 會，擔任公益金、西九文化區管理局、香港旅遊 事務暑、前文化委員會及市區重建局等多個機構 和團體要職，似乎每一個機構都想借助他的才 智。盛博士為人樂道的是，回歸後，他繼續深得 政府器重，而且能夠縱橫不同政治背景、社會各 階層人士，與他們保持溝通，甚至視對手為合作 夥伴。他喜歡把自已稱作「創造歡樂的人」。相 信沒有人會異議:任何地方，都需要盛智文博士 那樣的人。 但是，盛智文博士與蘭桂坊似乎永遠相連在一 起，這裡是外國人的好去處。目前他擁有蘭桂 坊百分之六十五的股權。九七年前，人心極度不 安，不少港人遠走他方;當黑人都活在「借來的 時間 J '他卻對這個城市寄予厚望，購入整個蘭 桂坊，將它打造為必遊景點，現在，這個地方已 是外籍人士、遊客及回港度假人士的聚首之處。 發展中的亞洲城市，都對蘭桂坊趨之若驚，目 前，至少有十五個中國城市希望將這個香港地標 稜製過來，打造自家蘭桂坊。 22 I 榮譽博士的讀辭 除了蘭桂坊，盛智文博士最容易令人聯想起海洋公 園。盛博士獲委任為海洋公園主席之時，正值海洋 公園與初臨香江的迪士尼樂園米老鼠正面交鋒。眼 看雙方實力懸殊，有如大衛王面對巨人歌利直，大 家都擔心，那裡有勝算把握。盛博士更首先承認自 己在獲委任之前，從來沒有踏足本港的主題公園。 不過，盛智文博士並不介意打「逆境波」。他亦 曾面對重重困境。他的父親在他七歲時去世， 那時他住在蒙特利爾，就要學會靠自己的才智謀 生，培養出永不言敗的精神。盛博士從沒有看過 一本書，卻曉得太平洋的另一端有發展的機會。 在七十年代後期，他來到香港當成衣商人，今日 已成為香港特區的重量級人物。 海洋公園的成功正好讓我們見識盛博士的神乎其 技:別人看是完了，他卻看到出路。他很快就明 白了競賽規則一迪士尼是一個外來的夢想，海洋 公園則有本土特色，美麗的海洋、可愛的動物自 有其吸引力。他將海洋公園打造為一個具有環保 及教育意義的地方。海洋公園的業績超越了迪士 尼，實在令人始料不及， (福布斯〉雜說也要稱 他為「米老鼠殺手」。其實，兩個主題公園都在 良性競爭中蓬勃發展，而海洋公園目前名列全球 五十大必遊景點。
吉百齡( Kipling) 的名言: í 東是東，西是面， 東西始終不相通。」。但是，盛博士卻以蘭桂 坊和海洋公園的成功，證明他的說法並不一定準 確。 大學頒授獎譽于盛智文博士不僅在於他的成就， 更是對他的精神予以肯定。他的創意是以人為 本。他能夠跳出思維的框框，凡事都看別人的需 要。創新就是設想別人未曾設想的東西，而且在 任何情況下，發揮最大的想像空間。盛智文充滿 自信，骨子裡絲毫沒有半點消極的想法。要說盛 智文博士的格言，大概應是:自信會為你打開 門戶，克服困難。盛博士從來不會苦惱超過五分 鐘，他能迅速忘掉不快事情。他親切友善，傲然 面對人生，掌握機遇。在廣闊天地間，他踏遍世 界，廣結善緣，對生命無比熱愛，全情投入。 今天，香港的小朋友感謝他帶來全城哈囉喂;成 年人也感謝他打造一個辛勞工作後可以盡興的地 方。盛智文博士點石成金，仁風廣被，深受社會 敬重。 主席先生，本人謹代表香港科技大學校董會，恭 請閣下頒授工商管理學榮譽博士于海洋公園主席 盛智文博士 GBM 、 GBS 太平紳士。 榮譽博士的讀辭 I 23
Doctor of Social Sciences honoris causa
Professor Justin Yifu LIN
Citation
Imagine the biggest stage in the world, and the biggest economic transformation in history. Now imagine you are a part of both. For Prof Justin Yifu Lin, it is no imagination, for he has very much been a player in an exciting global drama that is still unfolding. Many praise him for his role in applying and adjusting the principles of market economics to China, which led to the lifting of 600 million people out of poverty, and turning its economy into the world's second largest. Until the time Prof Lin arrived on the scene, prosperity is still an illusive dream in China. But in two decades since, working with a team of far-sighted economic planners and national decision-makers, he helped China leapfrog into a major global economic power. Some say that heroes are the products of their times. Others say, as Napoleon did, that heroes create the circumstances. In Prof Lin's case, both may be true. To many interested observers, Lin is China's most famous economist in the world's most famous economic miracle.
Prof Lin's sense of timing was exquisite. He got his first big break in life when he acted as an interpreter for a visiting economist, Theodore Schultz, shortly after his arrival in Beijing from Taiwan. Prof Schultz was as big as economists carne, for he was the Nobel Laureate in Economics that year for his pioneering research into the problems that developing economies face. Schultz was so impressed with Lin that upon his return to the University of Chicago, his horne base, he arranged a scholarship for Lin. After obtaining his PhD at Chicago, Lin began his academic
24 I HONORARY DEGREE CITATIONS
career at Peking University, and later joined our Business School, where he was a popular teacher and admired colleague. In addition to these two institutions with which he has had a long-term affiliation, he also served as a visiting faculty member at University of California at Los Angeles, Duke University and the Australian National University. Later, he became the Founding Director of the China Center of Economic Research at Peking University. This Center attracted a cluster of western-educated Chinese economists for a country that was hungry for economic expertise, and was to play an important part in shaping China's economic policy.
Prof Lin has the luck of being associated with the biggest economic revolution in China's history, perhaps in world history. In 1990, with 20% of the world's population, China accounted for just 1.8% of the global GDP. By the time Prof Lin joined the World Bank as its Chief Economist and Senior Vice President in 2008, its share of the global GDP had jumped almost five-fold, and people began to speak of China 'ruling the world'. In being picked for the post as Chief Economist, Prof Lin made history as the first to assume that role from a developing country. As a trail-blazer and fiercely independent thinker, Prof Lin was no blind follower of the 'free-market thought' for which the University of Chicago was famous. In fact, Joseph Stiglitz, his predecessor at the World Bank and a Nobel Laureate, described Prof Lin as a "Chicago-trained economist who didn't believe in Chicago economics".
What Prof Lin believes in is his own brand of economic theory, which he calls New Structural Economics. In it, he advocates focusing on a country's comparative advantage to enjoy the largest return on investment. He also believes in the critical role of government in strategically supporting selected industries for a faster economic take-off and transformation in a market economy. Prof Lin's laboratory for testing his theory was none other than the sprawling but clunky Chinese economy, which was transformed in short order from being centrally planned to a market economy.
In his role as the World Bank's Chief Economist and Senior Vice President, leading a team of more than 300 economists and researchers, Prof Lin commanded a mountain-top view of the global economy. During the four years of his tenure, he travelled tirelessly to developing countries, visiting Africa many times, advising their leaders to move up developmentally and occupy the place vacated by China and India as they graduate to their status as middle-income countries. He saw it as his mission to help developing countries battle against the scourge of poverty. In spreading ideas as powerful tools for structural revolution in society, this son of a poor peasant dares to dream of a world free of poverty and living in harmony. As for himself, the author of 23 books and hundreds of articles, his "ambition" is "to die at my desk", pouring himself into the one cause dear to his heart. Today, we welcome home our former colleague, now a hero to China and the world.
Mr Council Chairman, on behalf of the Council of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, I have the high honor of presenting to you Prof Yifu Lin, Honorary Dean of the National School of Development at Peking University, for the award of Doctor of Social Sciences
honoris causa.
社會科學榮譽博士
林毅夫教授
讀辭 對一般人來說，登上世界最大的舞台，參與歷 史土最為波潤壯闊的經濟轉型，實為超乎聽想 之事。然而林毅夫教授卻親身參與，在這層出不 窮、詭異多變的國際經濟舞台土擔當了重要的角 色。他運用市場經濟學的基本原則結合中國的實 際情況，幫助六億人脫貧，並使中國蠅起成為全 球第二大經濟體，做出的貢獻備受讚賞。在林教 授參與中國經濟改革之前，繁榮富強對中國人來 說還只是一個遙不可及的夢。其後 20 年，林教授 參與具前瞻性的經濟規劃和國家決策，促使中國 一躍成為全球舉足輕重的經濟大國。有些人說， 時勢造英雄， '有些人如拿破崙則說，英雄造時 勢。就林教授而言，這兩句話皆適用。對許多關 注中國經濟的人來說，林教授無疑是參與締造這 舉世囑目經濟奇蹟的、中國最著名的經濟學家。 林教授天時獨具。他人生中第一個轉換點，是當 他初由台灣轉抵北京時，擔任經濟學家舒爾灰 (Theodore Schultz) 的翻譯。當年，舒爾攻教授 以對發展中國家經濟問題的開創性研究獲頒諾貝 爾經濟學獎。舒爾提慧眼賞識林毅夫，返美後為 他安排了到芝加哥大學深造的獎學金。林毅夫教 授獲得芝加哥大學博士學位後，在北京大學開始 了他的學術生涯，隨後任教於科大商學院，深得 學生歡迎、備受同事愛載。林教授除了長期工作 於這兩所高等學府外，還曾擔任加州大學洛杉磯 分枝、杜克大學和澳洲國立大學的客席教授。後 來，他創立北京大學中國經濟研究中心，擔任主 任。該研究中心匯聚留學西方的中國經濟學家， 26 I 榮譽博士的讚辭 既為中國培養殷切需求的經濟人才，也對中國經 濟政策的制訂作出很多貢獻。 林教授有幸參與中國乃至世界歷史上最為雄偉壯 麗的經濟變革。 1990 年，中國佔布全球總人口的 兩成，卻只擁布全球經濟生產總值的l. 8% 02008
年，林教授榮膺世界銀行首席經濟學家及高級副 行長時，中國的經濟生產總值佔全球的比率已提 升近乎五倍，中國「治理世界」之說不腔而走。 林教授是史上首位來自發展中國家獲世界銀行委 任此要職的經濟學家。林教授是位開風氣之先， 思想獨立，而非盲目跟隨芝加哥大學著名的「自 由市場理論」的學者。事實土，林教授在世界銀 行的前任首席經濟學家、諾貝爾獎得主斯蒂格利 技(Joseph Stiglitz) 曾經形容他為「受教於芝加 哥大學而不信仰芝加哥學派理論的經濟學家」。 林教授信從的是自己開創的「新結構經濟學」。 他宣導專注於一個國家的比較優勢以獲取最大的 投資回報。同時，他相信政府在市場經濟中可發 揮關鍵作用，策略性地支援特定產業以加速經濟 起飛和轉型。林教授以百廢待舉的中國經濟為這 個理論的試驗場地，短短幾年，中國就從中央計 劃經濟成功轉型為市場經濟。 作為世界銀行首席經濟學家和高級副行長，林教 授帶領逾 300 名經濟學家和研究員，對全球經濟 發展高屋建執、瞭若指掌。四年任內，他穿梭往 來於發展中國家，多次訪問非洲，建議當地領導人把握機遇，提升發展水準，填補中國和印度轉 型至中等收入國家後遺留的產業空白。林教授矢 志以協助發展中國家擺脫貧困為己任，他出身於 貧窮的農民家庭，然以他的理論為社會結構變革 的利器，他膽敢夢想一個和諧相處的、不存在貧 困的世界的實現。林教授著作等身，先後出版、 發表了 23 本專著和數百篇論文，他以累死於書桌 為「宏願 J '克盡職守，終身奉獻于他摯愛的事 業。今天，我們熱烈歡迎這位舊同事重臨科大， 他是中國乃至全世界不可多得的人才。 主席先生，本人謹代表香港科技大學校董會，恭 請閣下頒授社會科學榮譽博士于北京大學國家發 展研究院名譽院長林教夫教授。 榮譽博士的贊辭 I 27
Address by Honorary Graduate
Professor Justin Yifu LIN
Council Chairman, President, fellow honorees, ladies and gentlemen,
I am very privileged to receive this honorary doctorate from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, where I used to work for nearly 10 years. I also feel very privileged to speak to you on behalf of the other honorees at this very solemn ceremony today. This graduation ceremony is the last school meeting for all graduates, including master's and doctoral students present here, and I am certain that you all have various plans and visions for the future. However, aside from your own efforts, their realization depends on the future external environment. As an economist and a former teacher at HKUST, I would like to take this opportunity to share with you my views on the current global, and specifically, on China's economy.
For quite some time after your graduation, the global economy, especially the developed economies, will probably face a new normal of relatively slow development, high unemployment rates, continuous accumulation of government debt, loose monetary policy, and increased risks. Currently, the international concern focuses on the European debt crisis, and if Southern European countries including Greece, Spain and Italy fail to obtain bailout from the European Central Bank or the IMF, it may trigger a new round of severe international financial and economic crises. However, if these countries fail to increase competitiveness through structural reforms, such as cutting wages and government expenditures,
28 I ADDRESS BY PROF JUSTIN YIFU LIN
reducing social welfare and lowering financial institution leverage, any emergency assistance wouldn't be any more than a painkiller that just mitigates pain, rather than curing the disease, which will inevitably recur.
Nevertheless, structural reforms are difficult to implement politically because in the short term they result in reducing demand and increasing unemployment, as well as exacerbating unemployment and other social problems. Since the economic bubble burst in 1991, Japan has delayed necessary structural reforms for 22 years, and similarly, since the outbreak of the financial crisis in 2008, the US has yet to implement any structural reforms, with the extent of the problem there being no less serious than in Europe. It is probable that Europe, the US, and other developed economies may follow the depressive Japanese path, and get caught in a predicament of sluggish growth for 10 years or more.
More closely related to everyone here is China's future economic development. Mainland China, since opening up in 1979, has achieved a miraculous average annual growth rate of 9. 9% , and during the past four years, despite the global financial and economic crises, the average annual growth rate remained high at 9. 6%. However, since the beginning of last year, China's economic growth has begun to decline steadily, edging down to below 8% in the second quarter of this year. Now, foreign commentators are bearish on China, with many believing that a hard landing is imminent for China's economy. In the end, where will China's economy go from here?
China's current slowdown in economic growth is mainly due to export deceleration together with a decline in investment growth as the proactive fiscal policy in late 2008 approaching the end. However, even though the external environment is relatively poor, China is still very likely to remain in a relatively high growth position. First, given the significant room for industrial upgrading and substantial regional gaps in development, there are many investment projects offering high rates of return. Secondly, there is ample room for implementing countercyclical fiscal operations because government debt, including debt raised through local government investment financing vehicle, amounts to just 40% of GDP, a relatively low level compared with international levels. Thirdly, with a high savings rate and ample foreign exchange reserves, investments will not be constrained by the 'double gap' in capital and foreign exchange. In addition, China can make full use of its 'latecomer' advantage to accelerate this growth. In 2008, China's GDP per capita income, based on purchasing power parity, was only 21 % that of the US, and was similar to Japan in 1951, Singapore in 1967, Taiwan in 1975, and South Korea in 1977. Starting from that level, Japan maintained a 20-year average growth rate of 9.2%, while Singapore maintained an average growth of 8.6%, Taiwan maintained an 8.3% growth rate, and South Korea maintained a rate of 7.6% growth. After China's reform and opening up, the country's development track is very similar to those of other East Asian economies, and based on these statistics, China does have the potential of maintaining high growth, with an average annual growth rate of 8% for another 20 years.
If
this potential were fully utilized, China's GDP per capita income, based on purchasing power parity, would increase to half that of the US by the year 2030, and China would become the largest economy in the world, with its economicaggregate being twice that of the US. Realizing this vision would create numerous opportunities for people working in all sectors of China. Take Fortune 500 companies for example; only 11 Chinese companies were on the list in 2002, compared with 196 American companies. In 2002, the economic aggregate of the US accounted for 32% of the world's economy, when the overall size of the Chinese economy accounted for only 4.2%. In 2011, the US economy fell to 23 %, and the number of American enterprises on Fortune SOO's list dropped to 140, while China's economy increased to 9.8%, and the number of Chinese enterprises on Fortune SOD's list rose to 57. Therefore, if this potential is fully realized, in 2030, China's economy is likely to exceed 25%, and the number of Chinese Fortune 500 companies may even reach 150.
Of course, the realization of this potential depends on the joint efforts of all levels of the Chinese government as well as everyone of us at all levels of the society, including the distinguished guests, teachers and fellow students present here, to meet various regional and international obstacles and conflicts in the process of economic development. However, the presence of these challenges shows the value of social elites, including today's graduating students, who have the opportunity to receive an excellent education. I wish you graduates, in whatever industry, set your goals towards contributing to the development of Hong Kong, the mainland and Greater China, while pursuing your personal career. Given the current global economic downturn, the solution lies in fast local growth to provide room for debt-ridden developed countries with high unemployment rates to implement structural reforms. Fellow students, when you contribute to your own cause and the rapid development of Hong Kong, the mainland and Greater China, you will also contribute to global peace and development.
榮譽博士的講辭
