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Organic Solar cell Organic Solar cell

授課教師:吳知易 博士

授課教師:吳知易 博士

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太陽能電池教學影片 太陽能電池教學影片

(1) Organic solar cell ( ) g

(2)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G1xIWHq5hws

Small Molecule Organic Solar Cell

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8d8lndXxPe0&feature=related

Organic Photovoltaic Fabrication and Testing (3)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kozKRTuZmg

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Source: Solar Conference, February, 15 2006. University at Albany

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P3HT P3HT

(6)
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C i

Roll-to Roll Coating

A route to taking A route to taking the costs below

$50/m

2

and

$50/m

2

and

keeping efficiency

> 10 %

> 10 %.

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有機太陽能電池之優點 有機太陽能電池之優點

有機太陽能電池具備可隨身攜帶 可直接經由太陽光能 有機太陽能電池具備可隨身攜帶、可直接經由太陽光能 轉換成電能、不需添加任何填充物、不受地理限制、再 生性且低污染的能源,符合未來次世代能源之需求,有 機太陽電池的製程相較於傳統的半導體製程簡單很多,

在製程的設備上只需要用到旋轉塗佈機及蒸鍍機即可完 成元件的製作,在成本上比無機的便宜很多,而且有機 半導體材料能夠於合成過程中調整其能隙,使其幾乎能 吸收太陽光譜中所有波段,且由於具有高吸光係數,有 機層的厚度僅需幾百奈米。此外,相較於傳統無機矽系 機層的厚度僅需幾百奈米 此外 相較於傳統無機矽系 太陽電池有諸多競爭優勢,包含可撓性、結構可設計性

、低溫製程、可大幅度提高能量轉換效率、適應自然環 境條件、具有電線傳輸功能、材料重量輕、製造成本低 境條件 具有電線傳輸功能 材料重量輕 製造成本低 及加工性能好、根據需求製造大面積太陽能電池和應用 範圍廣等優點。

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有機太陽電池之缺點 有機太陽電池之缺點 有機太陽電池之缺點 有機太陽電池之缺點

有機太陽電池仍有效率低(~6.5%)、壽命 ( ) 短、載流子遷移率低、無序結構、高體 電阻以及耐久性差等問題,以上為開發 有機太陽電池迫切需要克服之問題,因 此學術界目前著眼於尋找製造過程簡易 且廉價之材以增加太陽能元件實際應用 的可能性。

的可能性

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有機太陽能電池的架構 有機太陽能電池的架構 有機太陽能電池的架構 有機太陽能電池的架構

陰極

鋁電極

陰極

電洞傳輸層 P3HT:PCBM

PEDOT:PSS 主動層

電洞傳輸層 陽極

ITO/玻璃 for e-

for hole

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有機太陽能電池的原理

有機太陽能電池的原理(1) (1)

有機太陽能電池是利用有 機半導體材料在吸收入射 光之光子,所產生的激子 擴散至接面處(或附近),

藉由元件的內建電場,使 激子分離成自由電子及電 洞,再分別由有機受體材 料層(Donor layer)和有機 施體材料層(Acceptor

layer)傳輸到各自的電極

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實驗流程 實驗流程 實驗流程 實驗流程

清洗基板 氧電漿 塗佈PEDOT:PSS N2 手套箱 清洗基板 氧電漿 塗佈PEDOT:PSS N2 手套箱

塗佈 (加熱並溶解 量測材料重量)

塗佈P3HT:PCBM (加熱並溶解 量測材料重量) 退火處理 溶液調配

蒸鍍陰極(鋁) 模擬太陽光系統 量測系統

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等效的電路 等效的電路 等效的電路 等效的電路

Series resistance, R

s

:

主要由材料本身之內

Rs Rs I

I

電阻和材料與材料之 間的接觸,都會影響

I

+ Ileak

I

+ Ileak

元件之串聯電阻。

Shunt resistance R

h

:

IL

R

V IL

R

V

Shunt resistance, R

sh

:

分流電阻越大,表示 漏電流越小

Rsh Rsh -

-

漏電流越小

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Device structure for organic Device structure for organic

solar cell

Layer sequence of the Organic Solar Cell (the light enters through the glass from the bottom). The active layer

through the glass from the bottom). The active layer

consists of two very thin layers of a dye molecule (Zn-Pc) and fullerenes (C60).

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Device structure for organic Device structure for organic

solar cell

PEDOT: PSS

Bathocuproine

PEDOT: PSS

p

Zn-phthalocyanine / donor

C60 derivative (acceptor)

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Conjugated polymer for

Conjugated polymer for

solar cell

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Device structure for

conjugated polymer solar cell

17

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Photophysics and Electronic Processes of Molecules and Materials for Solar

Cell Applications

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Device structure for organic Device structure for organic solar cell

19

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Structure of p i n junction type

Structure of p-i-n junction type

organic thin-film solar cell

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Device structure for organic

Device structure for organic

solar cell

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Device structure for organic

Device structure for organic

solar cell

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有機太陽電池的工作原理

有機太陽電池的工作原理

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Photovoltaics (OPV)

Photovoltaics (OPV)

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What happens in the OPV?

A Ab ti f li ht b th A: Absorption of light by the polymer leading to excitation of electron.

electron.

B: Charge transfer from donor polymer to acceptor (fullerene).

C: Charge separation C: Charge separation.

D: Charge transport, electrons D: Charge transport, electrons to Al electrode and holes to the ITO electrode.

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Organic solar cell

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Flexible solar cell

Flexible solar cell

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蒸鍍設備

蒸鍍設備

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O i l ll

Organic solar cell

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O i l ll

Organic solar cell

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Organic solar cell Organic solar cell

39

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O i l ll Organic solar cell

40

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Successfully demonstrated R- Successfully demonstrated R- G-B IJP PLED

41

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First successful demonstration of First successful demonstration of laminated polymer LEDs (2001)

42

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Polymer solution & gel light-

Polymer solution & gel light-

emitting devices (1999)

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Hybrid inkjet printing technology for y j p g gy the fabrication of polymer light-

emitting logos (1998) g g ( )

44

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O i l ll Organic solar cell

45

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1st, 2nd, 3rd generation , , g

solar cell

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太陽電池發展之三個世代 太陽電池發展之三個世代

(Three generations of development)

第一世代只是單單用一個簡單的P-N二極體所組成的,

第一世代只是單單用一個簡單的P-N二極體所組成的,

而從太陽光所取的的光電轉換出的電壓電流品質皆不 太穩定,而主要的材料為Si材料,而在日後的發展以 太穩定,而主要的材料為Si材料,而在日後的發展以 擴大吸收光的光譜提升光電效率為目標。第二個世代 是使用多層的P-N二極體,為的是以吸收更大範圍的 是使用多層的P-N二極體,為的是以吸收更大範圍的 光譜,繼而增加光電轉換的電能。第三代太陽電池與 之前兩代是非常不一樣的且是廣泛的以半導體元件 之前兩代是非常不一樣的且是廣泛的以半導體元件 不依賴傳統P-N接面特性來分開光產生的電荷載子,

而新的型態的太陽能電池有染料敏化、有機、塑膠、

而新的型態的太陽能電池有染料敏化、有機、塑膠、

量子點太陽能電池。

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SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCY FACTORS

Energy conversion efficiency

P : maximum power point - Pm: maximum power point

- the input light irradiance under "standard" test conditions (E, in W/m2)

conditions (E, in W/m )

- the surface area of the solar cell (Ac in m²)

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SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCY FACTORS

Fill factor

i it lt (V ) open circuit voltage (Voc) short circuit current (Isc)

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O i l ll

Organic solar cell

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Organic solar cell

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8 hot solar powered dresses p for green fashionistas

1 S l S i it t it 1. Solar Swimsuit at its seductive best

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2 Will B l d ‘P i t 2. Willy Bogner’s solar powered ‘Private Space Suit’

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3 Earthman Suit: Solar

3. Earthman Suit: Solar

sustenance

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4 Solar clad outfits for the army

4. Solar clad outfits for the army

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5. Elena Corchera’s dazzling solar designs

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6. Bogner’s Sun-Shine Denim Jacket

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7. Solar powered hat with a fan

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8. Blueline’s solar clothing

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Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) introduces a prototype Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) introduces a prototype

"green color" organic solar cell with flexible modules at the Environment Fair on May 23, 2008. The green solar cell, recently developed by AIST, Tokki Corporation

d Mit bi hi C ti d t l t i tt ll l

and Mitsubishi Corporation, was made to lap two organic matters, yellow color

"fullerene" and blue colar "phthalocyanine".

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65

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THANK YOU !!

THANK YOU !!

英國Boathouse 英國Boathouse 太陽能遊艇

Solar shuttle

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