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(1)

2018 年 4 月 28 日

姓名: 學號: 學系:

說明:

1. 本試題含封面共 10 頁,8 大題。

2. 考試時間 100 分鐘。

3. 請在每個試題所屬的頁面作答。如欲使用試題背面,請標示清楚。

4. 如果題目附有答案欄,請將答案寫在答案欄上。

5. 清楚地寫出計算及證明的過程,沒有過程的答案將不予記分。

題號 配分 分數 1 20

2 15

3 10

4 10

5 15

6 10

7 10

8 10

總分 100

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1. 選擇題 (每題選出一個正確答案)

給定函數 f (x),(a)、(b) 兩小題考慮其導函數 f(x)之圖形如下:

圖形在 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 間為圓弧,在 2 ≤ x ≤ 3 間為直線。另假設 f(0) = 0.

(a) (5 points) f (3) =?

(A) 2π (B) 12 π2 (C) 34 (D) 0 (E) π2 12 (b) (5 points) 以下何者敘述必定錯誤?

(A) f 在 x = 1 有反曲點。

(B) f 在區間 [0, 3] 上為連續函數。

(C) f 在 x = 1 有局部極小值。

(D) f 在 x = 2 有局部極大值。

(E) f (4) = 0。

註記: 原考題中因 y 軸座標之標註有誤 (−1, 0, 1 誤標為 0, 1, 2.),依據該錯誤資 訊,(a) 題無答案,故送分,而 (b) 題 C,D,E 皆為正確答案,選出任何一項皆給 分。

Remark: There is a typo on the original exam, where the numbers on y-axis are mistakenly marked 0, 1, 2 instead of the correct −1, 0, 1. Because of the wrong data, question (a) has no answer, and therefore 5 points are automatically given.

For part (b), options C,D,E are all correct according to the wrong data. Any of those answers results in full 5 points.

(3)

(c) (5 points) 以下對瑕積分

1

f (x) dx

之敘述何者為真?

(A) 若 limx→∞f (x) = 0,則積分收斂。

(B) 若 f (x) 為非零多項式,則積分發散。

(C) 若積分發散,則對所有實數 c,

1 cf (x) dx 亦為發散。

(D) 若積分收斂,則存在 M > 0 使得對於所有 x > M ,f (x) > 0。

(E) 以上皆對。

(d) (5 points) 假設 P (x) =

j=0ajxj 為函數 f (x) 在 x = 0 之泰勒展開式。以下敘 述何者為真?

(A) 若對於所有 j,f(j)(0) 存在。則在 x = 0 附近,f (x) = P (x).

(B) 對於所有 j,aj = f(j)(0).

(C) 對於所有 j,f(x) =

j=1jajxj−1(D) 存在偶函數 f (x) 使得 a3 = 1。

(E) 以上皆非。

註: f(j) 為 f 的 j 階導函數。

Solution: (a) E (b) C (c) B (d) E

(4)

2. 計算

(a) (5 points)

tlim→∞

( 1 + 1

4t )t

=?

(a) e14 Solution: Let u = 4t, then t→ ∞ ⇔ u → ∞.

limt→∞(

1 + 4t1)t

= limu→∞(

1 + u1)u4

=(

limu→∞(

1 + 1u)u)14

= e14.

(b) (5 points) ∫ 1

0

sin

x dx =?

(b) 2(sin 1− cos 1) Solution: Let u =

x, we have1

0 sin

x dx = 21

0 u sin u du.. Doing integra- tion by parts, we have

2

1

0

u sin u du = 2(−u cos u + sin u)|10 = 2(sin 1− cos 1).

(c) (5 points) ∫

x− 2

x2− 4x + 13 dx =?

(c) − log |√ 3

9+(x−2)2| + C Solution:x−2

x2−4x+13 dx =x−2

(x−2)2=9 dx. Let x− 2 = 3 tan u, the integral is rewritten into

3 tan u

32sec2u 3 sec2u du =

tan u du =− log | cos u|+C = − log | 3

9 + (x− 2)2|+C.

(5)

3. (10 points) 描述 a 值範圍,使得曲線

y + y3 − x3 − ax2− x = 0

有水平切線。

3. a≥√

3 or a≤ −√ 3

Solution: Differentiate both sides, we have dy

dx + 3y2dy

dx − 3x2− 2ax − 1 = 0, or

dy

dx = 3x2+ 2ax + 1 1 + 3y2 .

Horizontal tangent lines appear precisely when dxdy = 0, which is true if and only if 3x2+ 2ax + 1 = 0. For the quadratic polynomial to have real root, we have

4a2− 12 ≥ 0, which is true if and only if a≥√

3 or a ≤ −√ 3.

(6)

4. (10 points) 將一條一公尺長的鐵絲在某點垂直折成 L 型,並將兩端分別固定在 x 與 y 軸且兩邊平行座標軸 (見下圖)。

將鐵絲繞 y 軸旋轉,求形成之旋轉體積的最大值。

4. 27

Solution: Suppose the length of the top is t and the bottom is 1− t. The volume of revolution is V (t) = πt2(1−t) = πt2−t3. To find the maximum value, we differentiate V(t) = π(2t−3t2) and see that the critical points are 0,23. The corresponding volumes are 0 and 27 and the second value is clearly the maximum volume.

(7)

5. (15 points) 求

xlim→2

x2

−4cos(t4+ t2) sin7t dt

x− 2 .

列出所有充分理由才給滿分。

5. 4 cos 272 sin74

Solution: Let F (x) =x2

−4cos(t4+ t2) sin7t dt. Since the integrand is an odd func- tion, we have that F (2) = 0. The limit is rewritten as

xlim→2

x2

−4cos(t4+ t2) sin7t dt

x− 2 = lim

x→2

F (x)− F (2)

x− 2 = F(2).

By the fundamental theorem of calculus, F(x) = 2x cos(x8+x4) sin7x2and therefore F(2) = 4 cos 272 sin74.

(8)

6. (10 points) 證明不可能存在可微函數 f (x) 滿足 f (0) = 0、f (1) = 4、且 f(x) < ex於所有 x。

Solution: Suppose such function exist, then by mean value theorem, 4 = f (1) f (0) = f(t) for some t∈ (0, 1). But f(x) < ex < 3 on (0, 1) and therefore f(t) = 4 is impossible.

(9)

7. (10 points) 求所有 p > 0 使得積分

1 0

cos4px + 1 x2p dx 收斂。列出所有充分理由才給滿分。

7. p < 12

Solution: Note that since 0≤ cos x ≤ 1 on [0, 1], we have

1≤ cos4px + 1≤ 2 for all x ∈ [0, 1]. Then,

0 cos4px + 1 x2p 2

x2p and ∫1

0 2

x2p dx converges when 2p < 1, or p < 12. Therefore, if p < 12, the integral converges.

To ensure that the integral diverges for other values of p, we observe

0 1

x2p cos4px + 1 x2p and ∫1

0 1

x2p dx = ∞ for 2p ≥ 1, or p ≥ 12. The integral diverges for p 12 and therefore integral converges if and only if p < 12.

(10)

8. (10 points) 給定函數

f (x) = ecos x

√e ,

x∈ (0, π). 證明函數在該區間可逆並求 (f−1)(1).

8. 23

Solution: Since f(x) =− sin xecos xe < 0 on (0, π). The function is strictly decreas- ing and therefore one-to-one and invertible. To compute the derivative of f at 1, we first solve f (x) = 1. That is,

ecos x12 = e0. Therefore, we must have cos x = 12, or x = π3 and

(f−1)(1) = 1

f(π3) = 2

3.

註記: 原中文版本考題中,函數定義域誤打為 (0, 2π)(英文版本正確),因此函數並不 可逆。故證明可逆部分送五分 (中英文版本皆送)。因為該筆誤,在中文版本中計算反

函數之微分,有可能算出另一可能性 2

3,若算出該答案,或是明確指出反函數並不

存在,亦給五分,但英文版本該部分照常批改。

Remark: In the Chinese version of original exam, the domain of the function is mistak- enly given by (0, 2π) (while the English version is correct). Therefore, the 5 points on proving the invertibility of f is automatically given (in both versions). However, the part on computing (f−1)(1) is well posed for English version and therefore is graded normally.

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