Study of optoelectrical properties of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 何浩千、姚品全
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The optimal Solar Cells must meet the following requirement: (1).Higher efficiency. (2).Low costs. (3).Good reliability and stability.
(4)More Application. According to above-mentioned four points, because the cost and application are limited to the material problem in the traditional PV Cell, it is unable to get good improvement. Observe Dye-sensitized Solar Cells, because of its congenital advantage, the production cost is low and the application is extensive too, only efficiency and stability has not got good improvement yet, so it is incomparable research and development in the future. The modified Shockley equation were used to correlated the diode characteristic of dye-sensitized solar cells. The series resistance, Rs and diode quality factor, n were derived from the intercept and slope of corresponding equation, respectively. The Rs and n can be regarded as two of the most important criteria in evaluating the cell performance. The results show that the no. of spin-coated layers is proportion to the thickness of TiO2 thin film. Besides, the open circuit voltage, Voc of the as-deposited DSSCs always kept constant(500~520mV) until the thickness of TiO2 film reached certain value(20mm) after which the Voc of the cells decreased apparently. The optimal thickness of TiO2 film (Ln) calculated form photoelectron diffusion model theoretically was 10mm which is in accordance those obtained experimentally from our studies(dye: TCPP). The Jsc of as-prepared DSSCs were first increased as the thickness of TiO2 film increased. This tendency is coincident with those of Rs calculated from the modified Shockley equation. From the calculated values, the Rs reaches its minimal of 123W for four layers TiO2 thin films with thickness of 13mm while the maximum Rs has value of 506W for the TiO2 thin films with thickness of 27.5mm during which the Jsc became vague. However, no matter what the thickness of TiO2 film is, the FF seems to be kept within 0.33~0.35. One of the main reasons for such low value of FF might come from the instability of sensitized used in ous system.
Keywords : The modified Shockley equation ; dye-sensitized solar cell ; Series resistance ; diode quality factor ; future ; system ; after Table of Contents
目錄 封面內頁 簽名頁 授權頁．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．iii 中文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．．iv 英文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．vi 致謝．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．viii 目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．ix 圖目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．xiii 表目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．xvi 第一章 緒論 1.1 前言．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．1 1.2 太陽能電池原理與種類．．．．．．．．．．．．3 1.2.1 P-N接合式太陽能電池．．．．．．．．．．．
4 1.2.2 光伏特效應．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8 1.2.3 光電化學式太陽能電池．．．．．．．．．．．12 1.3 色素 增感型太陽電池．．．．．．．．．．．．．13 1.4 研究動機與背景．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．16 第二章 結構特 性與原理 2.1 色素增感型太陽電池結構分析．．．．．．．．．17 2.1.1 工作電極(陽極)．．．．．．．．．．．．．．17 2.1.2 對電極(陰極)．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．18 2.1.3 電解質 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.18 2.2 色素增 感型太陽電池等效電路．．．．．．．．．18 2.3 色素增感型太陽電池工作原理．．．．．．．．．20 2.4 色素增感型太 陽電池光電轉換特性重要參數．．．28 2.4.1 短路電流(Isc，short circuit current)．．．28 2.4.2 開路電壓(Voc，open circuit voltage)．．． 28 2.4.3 填充因子(FF，fill factor)．．．．．．．． 29 2.4.4 轉換效率(η，power conversion efficiency) 29 2.5 Modified Shockley Equation分析DSSC．．．．．31 2.6 色素增感型太陽電池再結合反應．．．．．．．．34 2.7 色素增感 型太陽電池優缺點．．．．．．．．．．35 2.8 TiO2工作電極．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．36 2.9 染料．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．41 2.10 電解液．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 43 2.11 對電極．．．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．． 45 2.12 太陽光源．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 48 第三章 實驗設備與方法 3.1 實驗系 統規劃．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．50 3.2 實驗藥品及材料．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．51 3.2.1 實驗氣體．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．51 3.2.2 實驗藥品．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．51 3.2.3 實驗材料及工具．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．52 3.3 實驗設備．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．53 3.3.1 燒結系統．．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．．．53 3.3.2 天秤．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．54 3.3.3 磁石共震機．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．55 3.3.4 烤箱．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．55 3.3.5 超音波震盪器．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．56 3.3.6 塗佈機(Spin-Coater) ．．．．．．．．．．．56 3.3.7 濺鍍機(Sputter) ．．．．．．．．．．．．．57 3.4 量測設備．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．57 3.4.1掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microsco- -py; SEM) ．．．．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．57 3.4.2光功率檢測器 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．58 3.4.3半導體參數分析儀 ．．．．．．
．．．．．．．59 3.5 實驗內容．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．60 3.5.1氧化銦錫玻璃(ITO)基板之清洗．．．．
．．．．60 3.5.2 染料調製．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．61 3.5.3 工作電極製作．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．61 3.5.4 對電極製作．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．64 3.5.5 電解液調製．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．64 3.5.6 封裝及電解液注入．．．．．．．．．．．．．64 3.6 光電特性量測．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．66 3.7 加入Triton X-100實驗．．．．．．．．．．．．68 3.8 TiO2膜厚實驗．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．69 3.9 加入PEG實驗．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 69 第四章 結果與討論 4.1 不同TiO2膜厚之影響．．．．．．．．．．．．．72 4.2 加 入Triton X-100之影響．．．．．．．．．．．82 4.3 加入PEG之影響．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 85 第五章 結論 與建議 5.1 結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．89 5.2 建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．89 參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．91
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