UnitReading strategyVocabularyListening strategyGrammarWriting/Speaking strategyFun breakPage Contents

O ^Contents

strategy Fun break Page

Sports

Vocabulary about sports Listening for main ideas Simple past tense Present perfect tense Nouns with and without

articles

Writing a magazine article Using the appropriate tone

Idioms from sports 2

Teen issues

Vocabulary about teen issues

Listening for specific information

Comparative and superlative adjectives

As…as, the same as, different from, like Too many, too much, too

few, too little, enough

Writing a drama script Using adverbs and adjectives

to enrich descriptions

Board game about some good and bad behaviour of teenagers

14

Mystery stories

Vocabulary relating to mystery stories

Making inferences Reporting statements

Connectives of reason Connectives of result

Starting and ending a discussion

Word search puzzle with words relating to mystery stories

26

Wonderful people

Scanning and skimming Invitation letter

Vocabulary about some inventions and their inventors

Listening for comparisons and preferences

Relative pronouns Defining relative clauses Non-defining relative

clauses

Writing an invitation letter Using formal language

Matching the wonderful people with the correct descriptions

38

Endangered species

Identifying facts and opinions

Argumentative essay

Vocabulary about threats to the environment

Listening to complete charts and graphs

Conditionals: Type 0 Conditionals: Type 1 Conditionals: Type 2

Writing an argumentative essay

Establishing facts to support an argument

Word scramble game about endangered species

50

The individual and society

Paraphrasing Speech

Vocabulary about rights and responsibilities

Listening to follow spoken instructions

Passive voice

Present participles and past participles as adjectives Modal verbs: should, ought

to, must, have to

Agreeing and disagreeing Crossword puzzle about discrimination

62

• Sports Communication •

• Social Issues •

• Drama •

• Drama •

• Short Stories • • Popular Culture •

• Workplace Communication •

• Workplace Communication •

• Social Issues •

• Debating •

• Debating •

• Social Issues •

• Debating •

1

5

4 3 2

6

Sample

Unit Reading strategy Vocabulary Listening strategy Grammar Writing/Speaking

strategy Fun break Page

Sports

Vocabulary about sports Listening for main ideas Simple past tense Present perfect tense Nouns with and without

articles

Writing a magazine article Using the appropriate tone

Idioms from sports 2

Teen issues

Vocabulary about teen issues

Listening for specific information

Comparative and superlative adjectives

As…as, the same as, different from, like Too many, too much, too

few, too little, enough

Writing a drama script Using adverbs and adjectives

to enrich descriptions

Board game about some good and bad behaviour of teenagers

14

Mystery stories

Vocabulary relating to mystery stories

Making inferences Reporting statements

Connectives of reason Connectives of result

Starting and ending a discussion

Word search puzzle with words relating to mystery stories

26

Wonderful people

Scanning and skimming Invitation letter

Vocabulary about some inventions and their inventors

Listening for comparisons and preferences

Relative pronouns Defining relative clauses Non-defining relative

clauses

Writing an invitation letter Using formal language

Matching the wonderful people with the correct descriptions

38

Endangered species

Identifying facts and opinions

Argumentative essay

Vocabulary about threats to the environment

Listening to complete charts and graphs

Conditionals: Type 0 Conditionals: Type 1 Conditionals: Type 2

Writing an argumentative essay

Establishing facts to support an argument

Word scramble game about endangered species

50

The individual and society

Paraphrasing Speech

Vocabulary about rights and responsibilities

Listening to follow spoken instructions

Passive voice

Present participles and past participles as adjectives Modal verbs: should, ought

to, must, have to

Agreeing and disagreeing Crossword puzzle about discrimination

62

Appendices

• Sports Communication •

• Social Issues •

• Drama •

• Drama •

• Short Stories • • Popular Culture •

• Workplace Communication •

• Workplace Communication •

• Social Issues •

• Debating •

• Debating •

• Social Issues •

• Debating •

Sample

The individual and society

O 6

O D id you know? id you know?

Get your hands dirty

Most young people may have done voluntary work visiting hospitals, centres for the elderly or orphanages. Since 2010, The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups has organised something different for young people to be volunteers at an organic farm. This programme allows volunteers to learn about organic farming and how to lead a sustainable life. Through helping out in the farm, they can embrace nature. It is very worthwhile.

Paraphrasing

You may be asked to locate some factual information in a text but the question is often paraphrased. Paraphrasing is a way to rewrite a text using different words but the meaning is still the same. When paraphrasing, synonyms are always used. The voice, word forms and the order of the main ideas may be changed. Here is an example.

We should discuss the laws concerning animal cruelty first because some people have mistreated their pets.

Animal cruelty laws should be a top priority for discussion because some animals have been abused.

In the example, synonyms ‘a top priority’ and ‘abused’ are used to replace ‘first’ and

‘mistreated’, and the subordinate clause is written in the passive voice.

Your turn Your turn

Read the text and paraphrase it in the space below.

The government should provide more resources for teenagers. They are less competitive if they do not have enough international exposure.

R

Useful website

O O

Check the following website to know more about this programme:

organicfarm.hkfyg.org.

hk/page.aspx?corpnam e=organicfarm&i=1739

Sample

Unit 6 • The individual and society •

O

Read the following extract of a speech delivered by President Obama.

O R eading comprehension eading comprehension

Answer the following questions.

1. Use ONE word to fill in each blank.

Believing in (i) and (ii) , the United States

leads other countries to work together to end modern-day (iii) though it has a long history in this country.

HKDSE

• Debating •

For more than two centuries, the United States has worked to advance the cause of freedom. Stained from a history of slavery and shaped by ancestors brought to this country in chains, today, America shines as a beacon of hope to people everywhere who cherish liberty and opportunity.

Today, millions of men, women, and children are victims of human trafficking. This modern-day slavery occurs in countries throughout the world and in communities across our Nation. These victims face a cruelty that has no place in a civilized world:

children are made to be soldiers, teenage girls are beaten and forced into prostitution, and migrants are exploited and compelled to work for little or no pay.

Founded on the principles of justice and fairness, the United States continues to be a leader in the global movement to end modern-day slavery. We have launched national initiatives to help healthcare workers, airline flight crews, and other professionals better identify and provide assistance to victims of trafficking. We are strengthening protections and supporting the development of new tools to prevent and respond to this crime, and increasing access to services that help survivors become self-sufficient.

We are also working with our international partners and faith-based organizations to bolster counter-trafficking efforts in countries across the globe.

As we fight to eliminate trafficking, we draw strength from the courage and resolve of generations past — and in the triumphs of the great abolitionists that came before us, we see the promise of our Nation: that even in the face of impossible odds, those who love their country can change it. Every citizen can take action by speaking up and insisting that the clothes they wear, the food they eat, and the products they buy are made free of forced labor. Business and non-profit leaders can ensure their supply chains do not exploit individuals in bondage. And the United States Government will continue to address the underlying forces that push so many into the conditions of modern-day slavery in the first place.

Source: Excerpted from www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/12/31/proclamation-national-slavery- and-human-trafficking-prevention-month-201.

Sample

2. President Obama mentions the victims of human trafficking in his speech. Match each of the following speech bubbles with one group of victims. Write the answer under the speech bubble.

(i) (ii) (iii)

3. Which of the following groups of people is NOT helping to identify and provide assistance to victims of trafficking?

A. firefighters B. doctors

C. pilots A B C D

D. nurses

4. (i) What is the tone of President Obama in relation to combatting human trafficking?

Why?

(ii) According to President Obama, what can local citizens do to help?

5. Who are the abolitionists?

A. people who suffered from slavery B. people who supported the end of slavery

C. business leaders A B C D

D. non-profit organisation leaders

6. Decide whether the following statements are True, False, or the information is Not Given. Blacken ONE circle only for each statement.

T F NG

(i) Human trafficking exists in America only.

(ii) Human trafficking involves both adults and children.

(iii) Businessmen can help to combat human trafficking.

(iv) The problem can only be solved with the help of America.

7. What do you think about the life of the people suffering from human trafficking?

HKDSE

I’m forced to work for an extremely low salary.

I’m always beaten and compelled to provide sex in return for food.

I have no idea how to shoot, but I’ve been a soldier here for a year.

TSA

HKDSE

TSA

HKDSE

Sample

Unit 4 • Wonderful people •

O

A. aeroplane B. automobile C. camera D. compass

E. computer F. light bulb G. mobile phone H. steam engine

Your turn Your turn

A. Match the inventors with the inventions above by writing the correct letters in the spaces.

1. Karl Benz 2. Thomas Savery

3. Charles Babbage 4. Thomas Edison

5. Wright brothers 6. Martin Cooper

7. William Sturgeon 8. Alexander Wolcott

B. Fill in the blanks using the vocabulary above.

1. Why don’t you buy an energy-saving which is more

long-lasting and can save money?

2. You must bring a map and a when you go hiking.

3. An can take people to a very far place in a short period of time.

4. The is no longer used because of the high maintenance

cost.

5. You can download this free mobile security app to protect your .

6. The invention of the has enabled people to go anywhere they want on land.

7. You can get more information from a website using your .

8. Let’s look at the and say cheers.

O V ocabulary _{ocabulary O}

O

Sample

Listening to follow spoken instructions

In some listening tasks, you may be required to fill in a form. Before listening, you should read the form carefully. The instructions are not usually written on the form. You often hear the following instructions:

tick relevant boxes circle correct answers

cross out inappropriate answers

Your turn Your turn

A. Read the self-introduction and fill in the form.

My name is Peter Wong. I am a Secondary Four student. I would like to join CityTalk. My contact number is nine triple-three, four triple-seven.

CityTalk Participation Form

Name:

Year of study: S1–3 S4–6 (tick the correct box)

Contact method ( Email / Mobile ):

(cross out the inappropriate one)

B. Listen to the conversation and fill in the form.

Social Issues Seminars Registration Form

Name:

Age: 12–14 15–17 18–20

Reasons for attending the seminars: (You can choose more than one.) For the purpose of study Staying with friends

Teacher’s recommendation Sharing ideas with others Topics of interest: (Choose at least THREE topics.)

Housing problem Hong Kong’s legal system

Teenage issues Education development

Environment protection Economic development

L

Track 14

Sample

Unit 6 • The individual and society •

O

Situation

You are Ryan Wong, a Secondary Three student. You want to do some voluntary work in your spare time.

You are talking to your teacher. Listen to the conversation. As you listen you can make notes on the note- taking sheet.

Listening note-taking sheet

Love to Help Enrolment Form

Name: Gender: M / F

Age: 11–13 14–16 17–19 Personality: (You can choose more than one.)

patient cheerful positive helpful cooperative energetic Target service group: (choose ONE only)

new immigrants orphans elderly people disabled people Contact number:

Data File

Study the Data File for relevant information to be included in the writing task.

1. Memo from Miss Fung to Ryan 2. Abstract from a newspaper article

Your turn Your turn

Complete the self-introduction letter using information from the Data File and your notes.

Dear Sir/Madam,

I would like to join . I will introduce myself.

I would like to help .

I can be reached on if you need further information.

Yours faithfully,

O I ntegrated skills ntegrated skills

Track 15

Hi Ryan,

I’m happy to know that you’re going to do some voluntary work. Your English is good. I think you may give free tutoring to some children. I think you can help them enjoy learning.

Miss Fung

Problems faced by new immigrants The new immigrant children’s English level is usually low and the family cannot afford to send them to tutorial classes. Most of them find it hard to adapt to their new environment.

Sample

Reporting statements

When you report statements, you have to change the following:

Tense

simple present simple past simple past past perfect

present continuous past continuous past continuous past perfect continuous present perfect past perfect simple future would + bare infinitive present perfect continuous past perfect

continuous

is/am/are going to was/were going to

Pronouns / Possessive adjectives

first and second person pronouns / possessive adjectives third person

Time/Place words

now then next week the following week

this afternoon that afternoon yesterday the day before today/tonight that day/night last week the week before tomorrow the following/next day here there

e.g. Samson said, ‘I watched a scary film yesterday.’

Samson said he had watched a scary film the day before.

Your turn Your turn

A. Rewrite the story in the left column using reported speech.

O G _{rammar rammar}

Reporting verbs such as informed, mentioned, replied, said and told are often used in the simple past tense when reporting statements.

O Useful tip O

Edith and Walter were discussing the coming storytelling competition on their way home after school. ‘I will tell an Aesop’s Fable,’ Edith said. ‘It’s meaningful and it always brings out a moral lesson.’ ‘I’m considering a ghost story,’

Walter said. ‘I will scare everyone to death,’

he explained. Edith looked at him in disbelief.

‘Last year someone told one and he scared a girl who couldn’t stop crying in class,’ Edith told Walter. ‘You’re going to change your mind,’ Edith suggested.

Edith and Walter were discussing the coming storytelling competition on their way home after school.

Sample

Unit 6 • The individual and society •

O

Present participles and past participles as adjectives

There are two types of participles: present participles and past participles. You can use participles as adjectives.

Present participles (the -ing form of a verb) talk about the person, thing or

situation which has caused the feeling

The job of a social worker is regarded as a challenging one.

describe a continuous action Someone took a picture of the shocking moment when the plane fell from the sky.

Past participles (the -ed form of a verb)

talk about how someone feels People were amazed by President Lincoln who stopped slavery.

describe a complete action This picture shows the fallen plane near the river.

Your turn Your turn

B. Read the text and underline the correct answers.

Terrorism is a (1) ( threatening / threatened ) thing to all people in the world. We are (2) ( worried / worrying ) about what terrorists will do in the future. We are all (3) ( scaring / scared ) about terrorist attacks. When we watch the news about hijacking an aircraft or tourists being kidnapped, we feel upset and

(4) ( disappointing / disappointed ). We also feel (5) ( shocking / shocked ) when someone is killed by terrorists. All citizens are asking their governments to tackle this (6) ( annoying / annoyed ) problem of terrorism. Governments are also saying the situation is (7) ( depressed / depressing ). They have been trying very hard to avoid terrorism, for example, enhancing the security at airports and strengthening international cooperation. Some people think terrorism is (8) ( disturbing / disturbed ) so they do not travel any more even though there are so many (9) ( amazing / amazed ) scenic spots in the world. I believe all people around the world would feel (10) ( pleasing / pleased ) if terrorism were no longer to exist.

You use more and most when forming the comparative and superlative forms of these participle adjectives, e.g. more exciting and most exciting.

O Useful tip O

Sample

Argumentative essay: Establishing facts to support an argument is written to show your opinion towards a particular issue.

can be one-sided or two-sided depending on the topic.

should be supported by evidence. Your evidence can be some facts, statistics, expert quotes or based on logic. Each paragraph will provide evidence to support one argument. For example, ‘The Amur leopard is critically endangered. According to the WWF, there are only about 30 individuals in the world today due to poaching.’

What should be included in an argumentative essay?

An argumentative essay should include the following:

W

Your turn Your turn

You are going to write a 250-word argumentative essay on the topic ‘Should we help save endangered species?’

Step 1: Planning — mind map

• Debating •

Topic

Tell readers what the essay is about.

Introduction

Begin with an interesting fact about the topic or a quote from an authoritative source about the topic. Then give a general overview of the topic.

Body paragraphs

First state the counter arguments with related evidence. Then present your case in the second section of the body. Use one paragraph to state each of your arguments.

Conclusion

Summarise your arguments, state your opinion or preferences and end with a call to action.

Introduction:

Counter argument (1): Counter argument (2):

Topic:

Sample

O

Step 2: Writing Conclusion:

Supporting argument (1): Supporting argument (2):

Useful vocabulary

O O

Endangered Species Act, survival of the fittest, living creatures, habitats, extinct, ruin, collapse, ecosystem, biodiversity, chain reaction

Sample

Agreeing and disagreeing

When you are having a group discussion, you often show agreement or disagreement with what others say.

Instead of just saying ‘Yes’ or ‘No’, you have to use an appropriate expression to give your opinion. It should be supported by an explanation.

Here are some common expressions to show agreement or disagreement.

Agreeing Disagreeing

• Absolutely.

• Exactly.

• I couldn’t agree with you more.

• I have no doubt about it.

• I totally agree with you.

• I was just going to say that.

• Of course.

• That’s a good point.

• That’s exactly how I feel/think.

• That’s for sure.

• That’s right. I’m totally with you.

• That’s so true.

• That makes good sense.

• That sounds logical.

• You’re absolutely right.

• You have a point there.

• I’m afraid I can only partially agree with you.

• I’m afraid I don’t agree.

• I’m not so sure about that.

• I don’t think so.

• I doubt that.

• I see your point but I have to disagree.

• I totally disagree.

• I’d say the exact opposite.

• Not really.

• Sorry, I don’t quite agree with you.

• That’s not always the case.

• That’s not always true.

• That’s not entirely true.

• That’s not right.

• The story is not like that.

Here are two examples:

Mum: I think the government should provide more public housing.

Dad: I totally agree with you. There are so many people who have low income and cannot afford to buy private housing. (Agreeing)

Son: That’s not right. The government should not only focus on public housing.

Education needs more resources too. (Disagreeing)

Peter: There’s been an earthquake in China. Shall we donate some money?

Cindy: Absolutely. Let’s do it together. (Agreeing)

Simon: I don’t think so. I think donating food and resources is more practical than money. (Disagreeing)

S

Sample

O

Your turn Your turn

You are going to have a group discussion on the topic ‘The government should pay for tertiary education’. Write down your ideas in the table and elaborate two points to show agreement and another two points to show disagreement in the space below.

Useful vocabulary

O O

fresh graduates, tuition fee, debt, ease, financial burden, elite, contribute, distribution of resources, priority, tax payers, feasible

Agreeing Disagreeing

Track 16

Sample

Below is a list of items you have learnt in this unit. How well do you understand each of them? Put a tick (✔) in the appropriate box.

O S elf-evaluation elf-evaluation

Fully understand Don’t understand

^{at all}

3 2 1 0

Teenage drinkers

Reading strategy — Identifying what pronouns refer to

Vocabulary about teen issues

Listening strategy — Listening for specific information

Comparative and superlative adjectives As…as, the same as, different from, like

Too many, too much, too few, too little, enough Writing strategy — Drama script

Board game about some good and bad behaviour of teenagers

Play the board game with a dice. The board shows some good and bad behaviour of teenagers. Follow the numbers in the stars to move forward or backward.

1 10 11 20

2 9 12 19

3 8 13 18

4 7 14 17

5 6 15 16

O F un break _{un break}

Start

Finish

around the streets

Lock yourself in your room

Take drugs Share happiness

with friends

Cook with friends Spend too much

money

Watch a film with friends

+1

+1 -2

+1

-2 -4

-1

Sample