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Application of FPGA for Telemetry System 游春波、陳盛基

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Application of FPGA for Telemetry System 游春波、陳盛基

E-mail: 9806492@mail.dyu.edu.tw

ABSTRACT

A remote telemetry system consists of a computer and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) platform. This study is to design a FPGA-based architecture of the telemetry communications platform. Far end telemetry remote sensors detect signals and sent them to the computer system via data transmission media. Then, the signals are converted to PCM parallel format by means of multiplex signal processing. Finally, the FPGA platform converts the parallel PCM signals to a bit stream through frame synchronization. In order to reduce the transmission bandwidth and to concentrate power in the baseband signal to improve the transmission efficiency, the bit stream pass through a low-pass filter to form a rounded square wave. Such sine wave-like bit stream modulates the

intermediate frequency (IF) and increase frequency to radio frequency (RF), and transmit to near end. In the near end, the re-distorted signal of bit stream caused by the transmission media, have to rebuild the signal to form a normal square wave. The reconstruction work is to be served by the bit synchronizer and the FPGA platform’s frame synchronizer recovers the individual measurement parameters which are measured by remote end. Then, distributors pass the measuring data to the computer for data processing and display applications. Therefore, the system is a combination of front-end of data acquisition hardware and back-end of data processing and display software of the communication platform. Although today's computers have enormous computing ability, but based on the benefit of which to reduce the time of computing process as well as the delay time due to multiplex process of computer tasking. Utilizing the advantages of FPGA’s attributes of concurrent, real-time processing capability of hardware, single task, the majority of processing units were transplanted to the FPGA platform. The FPGA efficiently performs data

synchronizations and decoding operations. In addition to, using PCI interface DMA (Direct Memory Access) transfer mode can be done for high-speed IO channels between computer and FPGA.

Keywords : Field Programmable Gate Array ; Remote sensing Detect ; Bit stream ; Base band signal ; Bit synchronization ; Synchronization Frame ; Direct memory access

Table of Contents

封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書...iii 中文摘要...iv ABSTRACT...v 誌謝...vii 目

錄...viii 圖目錄...xii 表目

錄...xv 第一章 緒論...1 1.1 研究背 景...1 1.2 研究動機...1 1.3 文獻回

顧...2 1.4 研究流程...3 1.5 論文架

構...4 第二章 遙測系統基本架構及多工方式...5 2.1 前 言...5 2.2 遙測基本原理...5 2.3 遙測系統基本架構概 述...6 2.3.1 飛行載具資料傳輸系統...7 2.3.2 遙測接收系

統...11 2.4 遙測發送端信號處理方式...12 2.4.1 資料之獲 取...12 2.4.2 信號調節器之功能...13 2.4.3 時間分割多 工...13 2.4.4 調制...14 2.5 遙測接收端信號處理方 式...16 2.5.1 設定及控制...16 2.5.2 波碼調變位元流重

建...17 2.5.3 訊框同步器...18 2.6 換向...19 2.6.1 訊框同步...19 2.6.2 超-換向(Super-Commutation)...21 2.6.3 次換

向(Subcommutation)...23 2.7 字元的分類...29 2.7.1 資料字元(Data Word

)...29 2.7.2 一般字元(Common Word)...30 2.7.3 同步字 元...30 第三章 FPGA簡介...33 3.1 前

言...33 3.2 FPGA應用原理及基本架構...33 3.2.1 應用原 理...34 3.2.2 FPGA基本架構...39 3.3 FPGA設計流

程...44 3.4 SRAM Base FPGA與Anti-Fuse FPGA...45 3.5 DK4發展板功能介 紹...46 3.5.1 DK4發展板硬體功能...46 3.5.2 DK4之監控軟

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體...48 3.6 Virtex-5 LX 發展平台硬體架構...48 第四章 VHDL在ISE環境下之操作原 理...52 4.1 前言...52 4.2 ISE作業環境...52 4.2.1 ISE 9.2i Project Navigator視窗簡介...53 4.2.2 在ISE作業環境之操作方式...57 4.3 VHDL簡

介...60 4.3.1 VHDL名稱的由來...61 4.3.2 VHDL標

準...61 4.3.3 VHDL硬體描述語言的程式結構...62 4.3.4 VHDL保留字或關鍵 字...77 第五章 遙測解調系統實驗方法與性能分析...79 5.1 前

言...79 5.2 相關資訊...79 5.2.1 縮寫字意

義...80 5.2.2 訊框...80 5.3 利用電腦及FPGA平台處理遙測信號之流

程...81 5.4 實驗方法...82 5.5 實驗架構方塊圖、電性及物性說明...82 5.5.1 系統架構方塊圖...84 5.5.2 電性說明...85 5.5.3 介面接腳佈

線...85 5.6 通信協定...86 5.6.1 連線控制層次...86 5.6.2 通信格式...87 5.6.3 信號流程...91 5.7 實驗步驟及成

果...96 5.7.1 位元同步器模擬裝置實驗步驟...97 5.7.2 電腦與DK-4系統連線操作步 驟...105 5.7.3 遙測解調系統開發環境...115 5.7.4 研究成果...116 第六 章 結論與未來展望...118 參考文獻...119

REFERENCES

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[29]Frank Carden,Russell Jedlicka,Robert Henry,”Telemetry Sydtems Engineering” ,TK5101.C29824 2002.

參考文獻

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