跨 領 域 專 題 演 講
A Functional Ultrasound Image Based A Functional Ultrasound Image Based on a Generalized Rayleigh Distribution
Yu‐Chen Shu
Cooperators: Po Hsiang Tsui Chien Cheng Chang Cooperators: Po‐Hsiang Tsui, Chien‐Cheng Chang,
Ming‐Chih Ho, Wen‐Shiang Chen, Chiung‐Nien Chen, King‐Jen Chang
前言 前言
Google 瀏覽器 Chrome 圖示
Google 瀏覽器 Chrome 圖示
Chrome 圖示的由來 Chrome 圖示的由來
http://ten-posterous.posterous.com/chrome-424p p p
Chrome 圖示的由來 Chrome 圖示的由來
http://ten-posterous.posterous.com/chrome-424p p p
Chrome 圖示的由來 Chrome 圖示的由來
http://ten-posterous.posterous.com/chrome-424p p p
跨領域的研究 跨領域的研究
http://ten-posterous.posterous.com/chrome-424p p p
跨領域醫學 跨領域醫學
醫學 醫學 醫學 醫學
跨領域數學 跨領域數學
跨領域數學 跨領域數學
數學為科學之母 數學為科學之母
跨領域數學 跨領域數學
數學為科學之母 數學為科學之母
?
母親像月亮一樣
跨領域數學 跨領域數學
跨領域 數學 ? 跨領域…數學 ?
數學 = 夢靨 數學 = 夢靨
http://t17 techbang com tw/topics/8289 you see a thing seediq bale http://t17.techbang.com.tw/topics/8289-you-see-a-thing-seediq-bale
跨領域數學 跨領域數學
Outline Outline
Introduction of Ultrasound Image
Image Based on a Generalized Rayleigh Distribution Applications
Concluding Remarks
Introduction of Ultrasound Image Introduction of Ultrasound Image
Medical Imaging
Advantages and disadvantages
How to create an ultrasound image
Medical Imaging Medical Imaging
Optical imaging Optical imaging
X‐ray imaging
Ultrasound image MRI imaging
X Ray Imaging X-Ray Imaging
Radiation of X Ray imaging Radiation of X-Ray imaging
http://www.aec.gov.tw/www/service/other/images/20100422‐2.jpg
The effects of Radiation
The effects of Radiation
Trade off of X Ray imaging Trade-off of X-Ray imaging
Relatively low-cost investigation with a high diagnostic
Chest X-Ray, bony fractures, bony pathology, foreign objects, dental radiography, Computed tomography (CT)
MRI imaging MRI imaging
Advantage
non-ionizing radiation Best suited for soft tissue For brain, MRI is superior
Disadvantage: g
Expensive Not portable Not portable
Suffers from motion artifacts
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_resonance_imaging
Advantages of ultrasound imaging Advantages of ultrasound imaging
Noninvasive Soft tissues Soft tissues Real time Portable
Non-ionizingg
Good resolution
Weaknesses of ultrasound imaging
Weaknesses of ultrasound imaging
Penetrating bone: transcranial ultrasonography Penetrating bone: transcranial ultrasonography Gas: lung imaging is not possible
Gas: lung imaging is not possible
D h b li i d f b i
Depth may be limited for obese patients Operator-dependent
The location is determined under the assumption that sound speed is fixed.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_ultrasonography
Create an ultrasound image Create an ultrasound image
Producing a sound wave Receiving echoesg
Interpreting those echoes
Sound wave
Sound wave
Ultrasound Ultrasound
Acoustic waves with frequencies higher than 20 kHz Need a medium to propagatep p g
Longitudinal wave
Non ionizing radiation Non-ionizing radiation
Producing a sound wave Producing a sound wave
Ultrasound transducer
http://www.wikiradiography.com/page/Ultrasound+Physics
Receiving echoes Receiving echoes
Reflection signal Scattering signal
Receiving echoes Receiving echoes
P lifi i
Pre-amplification
Depth (Time) Gain Compensation Compression
Demodulation
Other signal processing
Interpreting the echoes Interpreting the echoes
A mode: Amplit de A-mode: Amplitude B-mode: Brightness M-mode: Motion D-mode: Doppler
E-mode: Energygy http://www.frca.co.uk/article.aspx?articleid=300http://www.frca.co.uk/article.aspx?articleid 300
What can a mathematician do?
What can a mathematician do?
F l R d i i
For example, Reducing noise or speckle
It t b f l f
It may not be useful for an experienced doctor.
Can we give more information Can we give more information from those echoes?
Is it meaningful?
Is it meaningful?
How do we use them to help patients?
patients?
A VERY LONG WAY
雖千萬人，吾往矣
雖千萬人，吾往矣
總有一天
總有 天…
跨 領 域 專 題 演 講
Image based on a generalized Rayleigh distribution
Rayleigh distribution
Lord Rayleigh 1842 1919 Lord Rayleigh, 1842-1919
Discovered the element: argon
Nobel Prize for Physics in 1904
Discovered the phenomenon: Rayleigh scattering Predicted the existence of the surface waves:
Predicted the existence of the surface waves:
Rayleigh waves
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_William_Strutt,_3rd_Baron_Rayleigh
Scattering Scattering
Size of particles (S) wave length ()
wave length ()
S << : Rayleigh scattering S ～ : Mie scattering
S ～ : Mie scattering
S >> : Geometric optics (scattering)
Blue Sky white cloud and red sunset
Blue Sky, white cloud, and red sunset
Why? Rayleigh scattering Why? Rayleigh scattering
http://hyperphysics.phy‐astr.gsu.edu/hbase/atmos/blusky.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_scattering
Scattering properties in tissues?
Scattering properties in tissues?
Ti
Incident wave
Tissue
Incident wave
Scatterers?
Scattering signals
Scattering behavior should depend on scatterer structures Scattering behavior should depend on scatterer structures
