Revision of the Genus Sangariola Jacobson (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)

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(1)台灣農業研究 (J. Taiwan Agric. Res.) 63(3):188–204 (2014) DOI: 10.6156/JTAR/2014.06303.02. Revision of the Genus Sangariola Jacobson (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) Chi-Feng Lee1,*. Abstract Lee, C. F. 2014. Revision of the genus Sangariola Jacobson (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini). J. Taiwan Agric. Res. 63(3):188–204.. Five species of Sangariola Jacobson are recognized as valid. Sangariola hirashimai Kimoto, 1970, Sangariola fortunei (Baly 1888), and Sangariola punctatostriata (Motschulsky 1861) are redescribed. Sangariola costata Chûjô, 1935b is removed from synonymy with S. punctatostriata (Motschulsky 1861). A new species, Sangariola yuae sp. nov., is described from Taiwan. Charidea nigrosuturalis var. obliterata Pic, 1937 is proposed as a new synonym of S. fortunei (Baly 1888). Lectotypes are designated for Charidea fortunei Baly, 1888, Charidea nigrosuturalis Pic, 1937, Galleruca (sic!) punctatostriata Motschulsky, 1861, Galeruca (Adimonia) multicostata Jacoby, 1885, and Sangariola costata Chûjô, 1935b. Key words: Taxonomy, Flea beetle, Lilium.. INTRODUCTION The genus Sangariola was erected for Galeruca punctatostriata Motschulsky, 1861 by Jacobson (1922). Although the genus Charidea was erected earlier (Baly 1888), it is an unavailable name because of the junior homonymy of Charidea Dalman, 1816 (Lepidoptera: Thyrididae). Another genus, Allophyla Weise, was erected earlier (Weise 1889), but it also is an unavailable name because of the junior homonymy of Allophyla Loew, 1864 (Diptera: Heleomyzidae). Hincks (1949) apparently did not know about publication of the available name (Sangariola). He proposed an unnecessary replacement name, Lophallya, for Allophyla. Sangariola currently comprises three valid species: Sangariola punctatostriata. (Motschulsky 1861), Sangariola fortunei (Baly 1888), and Sangariola hirashimai Kimoto, 1970. However, a number of names have been synonymized with these species. Galeruca (Adimonia) multicostata Jacoby, 1885, Charidea regularis Pic, 1928, Sangariola costata Chûjô, 1935b, and S. punctatostriata aequicostata Chûjô, 1938 were placed as synonymies of S. punctatostriata (Motschulsky 1861). Allophyla auora Weise, 1889, Charidea bicostata Pic, 1928, Charidea nigrosuturalis Pic, 1937, Charidea pieli Pic, 1937, Charidea bicostata var. atriceps Pic, 1938, and Sangariola fortunei var. unicoloripennis Chûjô, 1941 were synonymized with S. fortunei (Baly 1888). Taxonomic statuses of all available names were reevaluated through type examinations. S. punctatostriata and S. fortunei were re-. Received: May 29, 2014; Accepted: June 18, 2014. * Corresponding author, email: [email protected] 1 Associate Research Fellow, Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC..

(2) Revision of Sangariola. ported to feed on leaves of Lilium spp. (Chûjô & Kimoto 1961; Yu 1996) used as cut flowers commercially. All Sangariola species occur in Taiwan (Kimono & Chu 1996). Specimens of the genus have been extensively collected and studied by the Taiwan Chrysomelid Research Team (TCRT), and food plants documented. The results are presented here. The TCRT was founded in 2005 and comprises ten members. All are amateurs interested in inventorying all species of Chrysomelidae in Taiwan.. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nearly two hundred specimens and types have been examined. Most of them were collected by members of the TCRT and deposited at the Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI). Others are deposited in the historical collection at the same institute. To prepare drawings of the adult reproductive systems, the abdomens of adults were separated, boiled in a 10% KOH solution, cleared in distilled water, and then mounted on microscope slides in glycerin for observation. Drawings were made using a Leica M165 stereomicroscope or a Nikon ECLIPSE 50i compound microscope. Body parts were then stored in glycerin tubes with the dry mounted specimens. Host plants were recorded by observing adult feeding behavior in the field. Plants were identified by Chih-Kai Yang. The type specimens examined are deposited in the following collections: BMNH [Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom (Michael Geiser)]; BPBM [Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Hawaii, USA (Shepherd Myers)]; CAS [California Academy of Sciences, California, USA (David H. Kavanaugh)]; KMNH [Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History, Kitakyushu, Japan (Kyoichiro Ueda)]; KUEC [Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (Munetoshi Maruyama)]; MCZC [Museum of Comparative. 189. Zoology, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA (Philip D. Perkins)]; MNHN [Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (Antoine Mantilleri)]; NHRS [Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden (Johannes Bergsten)]; NMNS [National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan (Ming-Luen Jeng)]; TARI (Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan); ZMUM [Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Russian (L. N. Medvedev)]. Exact label data are cited for all type specimens; a double slash (//) divides the data on different labels and a single slash (/) divides the data in different rows. Other comments and remarks are indicated as follow: (p)preceding data are printed, (h)- preceding data are handwritten, (w)- white label, (y)- yellow label, (b)- blue label, and (r)- red label.. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Genus Sangariola Jacobson, 1922 Charidea Baly 1888: 157. Type species: Galeruca punctatostriata Motschulsky, 1861. (junior homonym of Charidea Dalman, 1816). Allophyla Weise 1889: 624. Type species: Allophyla aurora Weise, 1889. (junior homonym of Allophyla Loew, 1864). Sangariola Jacobson 1922: 522. Type species: Galeruca punctatostriata Motschulsky, 1861. Lophallya Hincks 1949: 616. (replacement name for Allophyla Weise). Diagnosis (modified after Konstantinov & Vandenberg 1996). Body large, elongate, dorsally flattened. Color reddish or dark reddish brown. Head oval, more or less convex in lateral view. Frontal ridge replaced by short longitudinal furrow between antennal sockets. Antennal calli longitudinal, raised, triangular, broadly.

(3) 190. 台灣農業研究第 63 卷第 3 期. connected. Orbital line deeply impressed. Eye small. Interantennal space subequal to diameter of antennal socket. Antenna 11-segmented, filiform. Pronotum more or less narrow, flat with transverse and longitudinal antebasal impressions and with few more impressions on disk. Procoxal cavity closed behind. Elytron flat or carinate, with large, deep punctures forming striae. Humeral callus well developed. Epipleuron more or less vertical, almost reaching elytral apex. Metafemur slightly swollen. Metatibia cylindrical, slightly expanded distally; apex oblique. Metatarsus inserted apically. First metatarsal segment short, shorter than following two segments combined.. Key to species of Sangariola Jacobson 1. Elytron flat, no visible ridges between striae ................................ Sangariola hirashimai Elytron carinate, with visible ridges between striae ............................................. 2 2. Pronotum and elytron pubescent ............... 3 Pronotum and elytron glabrous ................. 4 3. P u b e s c e n c e o n e l y t r o n l o n g e r ; a n t e n n a wider; only sides of ventral disc at apex of penis membranous ..................................... ............................. Sangariola yuae sp. nov. Pubescence on elytron shorter; antenna narrower; central park of apex of ventral disc at apex of penis membranous ..................... .................................... Sangariola fortunei 4. Elytron without elevated ridges between striae; penis slender ................................... .......................... Sangariola punctatostriata Elytron with elevated ridges between striae 3 and 4, 7 and 8; penis wide ....................... ...................................... Sangariola costata Sangariola hirashimai Kimoto, 1970 Sangariola hirashimai Kimoto 1970: 213.. Type Specimens (n = 2). Holotype ♀ (KUEC): “(Taiwan) /Alishan, 2,300 m/Chiayi Hsien (p, w) //9 (h). iv.1965 (p) /Y. Hirashima (p, w) //Japan-U.S./Co-op. Sci./Programme (p, y) //Sangariola/hirashimai/Kimoto, n. sp. (h, w) //HOLOTYPE (p, r)”. Paratype: 1♀ (KMNH): “(Taiwan) /Alishan, 2,300 m/Chiayi Hsien (p, w) //6. (h) vii. 1965 (p) /T. Nakane (p, w) //Japan-U.S./Coop. Sci./Programme (p, y) //Sangariola/ hirashimai/Kimoto, n. sp. (h, w) //PARATYPE (p, b)”. Specimens Examined (n = 41). TAIWAN: C h i a y i : 1 ♂ , A l i s h a n , 1 2 . V. 2 0 11 , l e g . C . - F. L e e ( TA R I ) ; H u a l i e n : 1 ♂ , P i l u , 31.V.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou (TARI); Kaoshiung: 1♂, Tengchih, 1.X.2008, leg. C.T. Yao (TARI); 1♂, 1♀, same locality, 2.III.2009, leg. C.-T. Yao (TARI); 1♀, same locality, 23.III.2009, leg. H. Lee (TARI); 1♂, same locality, 24.III.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu (TARI); 1♀, 8.IV.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1♂, 1♀, same locality, 6.VII.2013, leg. W.-C. Liao (TARI); Nantou: 1♀, Lienhuachih, 24.XI.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou (TARI); 2♂♂, same locality, 25.II.2009, leg. Y.-C. Lin (TARI); 1♂, Tatachia, 9.V.2011, leg. C.-F. Lee (TARI); 1♀, Tungpu, 20-22.VI.1980, leg. C. C. Chen (TARI); 1♀, same locality, 16-20. IV.1984, leg. K. C. Chou & C. H. Yang (TARI); 1♂, Tunyuan, 29.IV.1992, leg. W. T. Yang (NMNS); 2♂♂, 1♀, Wushe, 19-22.IV.1983, leg. K. C. Chou & S. P. Huang (TARI); 1♂, same locality, Pingtung: 2♂♂, Lilungshan, 5.XI.2009, leg. J.-C. Chen or M.-H. Tsou (TARI); 1♂, Nanjenhu, 15.III.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou (TARI); 1♀, same locality, 3.I.2011, leg. J . - C . C h e n ( TA R I ) ; 1 ♂ , P e i h u l u s h a n , 4 . X I . 2 0 0 9 , l e g . M . - H . Ts o u ( TA R I ) ;.

(4) Revision of Sangariola. 1♂, 1♀, Peitawushan, 22.IX.2012, leg. J . - C . C h e n ( TA R I ) ; 2 ♀ ♀ , Ta h a n s h a n , 12.XI.2009, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1♂, same locality, 17.IX.2010, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1♂, 1♀, same locality, 4.X.2010, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1♀, same locality, 31.X.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1♀, same locality, 1.X.2012, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1♂, same locality, 30.VII.2013, leg. B.-X. Guo (TARI); 1♀, same locality, 15.X.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung (TARI); 1 ♂ , Wa n l i t e , 7 - 2 8 . I I . 2 0 1 0 , l e g . M . - L . Jeng (TARI); Taitung: 2♂♂, 2♀♀, Litao, 6.X.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou (BMNH). Remarks. Sangariola hirashimai is characterized by the flat elytron with extremely long pubescence.. 191. Male. Length 4.1–6.5 mm, width 1.7–2.5 mm. General color (Figs. 1–2) dark brown; pronotum and elytron yellowish brown; lateral margins and suture black; some individuals with black stripes reduced and ventral surface brown (Figs. 3–4); antennae and legs black. Body covered with long, scattered pubescence. Antenna filiform (Fig. 5), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 0.9 : 1.0 : 1.0 : 1.0 : 0.9 : 1.3; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 2.1 : 2.4 : 2.8 : 2.4 : 2.5 : 2.7 : 2.7 : 2.4 : 4.0. Pronotum flat, without swellings or grooves; with dense and random large punctures. Elytral punctures arranged into 11 longitudinal striae, arrangement of striae 1. Figs. 1–4. Color habitus of Sangariola hirashimai. 1. Female, dorsal view; 2. Ditto, ventral view; 3. Male, dorsal view, color variation; 4. Ditto, ventral view, color variation..

(5) 192. 台灣農業研究第 63 卷第 3 期. to 3 confused; without distinctive ridges between striae. Penis (Figs. 7–8) slender, about 6.0 times longer than wide; abruptly narrowed near apex, apex truncate; parallel sided; slender in lateral view. Female. Length 4.9–7.1 mm, width 2.2–3.3 mm. Similar to male. Antenna filiform (Fig. 6), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.0 : 1.0 : 1.0 : 1.0 : 1.0 : 1.4; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 2.1 : 3.1 : 3.1 : 2.8 : 2.9 : 2.8 : 2.5 : 2.6 : 3.6. Gonocoxae (Fig. 10) curved at middle, each gonocoxa with nine setae from apical 1/4 to apex. Sternite VIII (Fig. 9) weakly sclerotized; with dense short setae along apex, disc scattered with less longer setae; spiculum slender, base slightly widened. Sperma-. thecal receptaculum (Fig. 11) slightly swollen, straight; pump strongly curved; spermathecal duct long. Host plants. Smilacaceae: Smilax lanceifolia Roxb. and Smilax luei T. Koyama. Distribution. Endemic to Taiwan. Sangariola hirashimai is a common and widespread species in Taiwan (Fig. 12). Most populations inhabit lower elevation habitats (0–1,500 m). Sangariola yuae Lee, sp. nov. Sangariola fortuntei: Chûjô 1935b: 394 (misidentification); Kimoto 1970: 214; Kimoto 1989: 261. Type Specimens Examined (n = 21). Holotype ♂ (TARI): Taiwan: Kaoshiung: Tengchih, 2 6 . V. 2 0 0 9 , l e g . C . - F. L e e . P a r a t y p e s :. Figs. 5–11. Sangariola hirashimai. 5. Antenna, male; 6. Antenna, female; 7. Penis, dorsal view; 8. Penis, lateral view; 9. Sternite VIII; 10. Gonocoxae; 11. Spermatheca..

(6) Revision of Sangariola. 2♀♀ (TARI), same data as holotype; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 24.V.2005, leg. C.F. Lee; 2♀♀ (BMNH), same locality, 2-5. VI.2008, leg. C.-F. Lee; 2♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 25.V.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 26.V.2009, leg. H. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), Chungchihkuan, 15.IV.10.X.2012, leg. L.-P. Hsu; Hsinchu: 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), Mamei, 4.V.2008, leg. S.-F. Yu; Hualien: 1♂ (TARI), Tayuling, 9–16. VI.1980, leg. K. S. Lin & B. H. Chen; Nantou: 1♂ (TARI), Hsitou, 6.V.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), Meifeng, 7–9. V.1981, leg. K. S. Lin & S. C. Lin; Taichung: 1♂ (TARI), Anmashan, 21.IV.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), Tahsuehshan, 23.VII.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), Wuwoweishan, 5.VI.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen; Taitung: 1♂ (TARI), Yanping, 17.VI.2010, leg. J.-C. Chen. Remarks. This new species is similar to Sangariola fortunei with dense pubescence and the elevated interstices 4 and 8 on elytra. It can be distinguished from the latter by the longer pubescence on the elytra, the wider antenna, the membranous sides of ventral surface at apex of the penis, and. 193. the wider penis in lateral view. Male. Length 6.1–6.3 mm, width 2.4–2.6 mm. General color (Figs. 15–16) blackish brown; pronotum and elytron reddish brown; elytra with a median longitudinal black stripe from suture to stria 3, elytral epimeron black. Body covered with dense pubescence; disc of head and pronotum with micro-reticulation. Antenna filiform (Fig. 19), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.3 : 1.2 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.3; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 2.0 : 2.8 : 2.8 : 2.5 : 2.6 : 2.8 : 2.8 : 3.0 : 3.9. Pronotum with two large strongly elevated, subrounded swellings occupying much of disc, separated medially by a narrow groove; sometimes with lateral groove dividing into two swellings; disc with large punctures but reduced on swellings. Elytral punctures arranged into 10 longitudinal striae, arrangement of striae 1 to 3 not a little confused; with interstices 4 and 8 strongly elevated. Penis (Figs. 21–22) wide, about 4.3 times longer than wide; abruptly narrowed near apex, apex truncate; parallel sided; strongly widened. Figs. 12–14. Distribution map of Sangariola species, solid line: 1,000 m, broken line: 2,000 m. 12. S. hirashimai; 13. S. yuae sp. nov; 14. S. costata..

(7) 194. 台灣農業研究第 63 卷第 3 期. Figs. 15–18. Color habitus of Sangariola species. 15. S. yuae sp. nov., male, dorsal view; 16. Ditto, ventral view; 17. S. fortunei, male, dorsal view; 18. Ditto, ventral view.. at middle in lateral view; ventral disc with sides of apical 1/3 membranous. Female. Length 5.5–6.1 mm, width 2.1–2.5 mm. Similar to male. Antenna filiform (Fig. 20), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.2 : 1.3 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.3; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 2.2 : 2.6 : 3.2 : 2.7 : 2.8 : 2.8 : 2.9 : 2.9 : 3.7. Gonocoxae (Fig. 24) curved inwards at apical 1/4, each gonocoxa with nine setae from apical 1/4 to apex. Sternite VIII (Fig. 23) weakly sclerotized; with dense short setae along apex, disc scattered with less longer setae; spiculum slender, base strongly widened. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig.. 25) slightly swollen and curved; pump strongly curved; spermathecal duct long. Color variation. In some individuals the pronotum is dark brown but the rest of the body is reddish brown. Reddish brown areas on the head are extremely variable. Host plant. Smilacaceae: Smilax lanceifolia Roxb. Distribution. Endemic to Taiwan. This species has a scattered distribution in Taiwan. Most populations inhabit mountain areas (1,000–2,500 m) (Fig. 13). Sangariola fortunei (Baly 1888) Charidea fortunei Baly 1888: 158. Allophyla auora Weise 1889: 626; Weise 1905:.

(8) Revision of Sangariola. 195. Figs. 19–25. Sangariola yuae sp. nov. 19. Antenna, male; 20. Antenna, female; 21. Penis, dorsal view; 22. Penis, lateral view; 23. Sternite VIII; 24. Gonocoxae; 25. Spermatheca.. 188 (as synonym of fortunei). Charidea bicostata Pic 1928: 32; Döberl 2010: 558 (as synonym of fortunei). Sangariola fortunei: Chen 1933: 230. Charidea nigrosuturalis Pic 1937: 176; Gressitt and Kimoto 1963: 755 (as synonym of fortunei). Charidea nigrosuturalis var. obliterata Pic 1937: 176. new synonym Charidea pieli Pic 1937: 175; Döberl 2010: 558 (as synonym of fortunei). Charidea bicostata var. atriceps Pic 1938: 18; Gressitt and Kimoto 1963: 755 (as synonym of fortunei). Sangariola fortunei var. unicoloripennis Chûjô 1941: 173 (Korea). Type Specimens (n = 8). Charidea fortunei:. Lectotype ♀ (BMNH), here designated, pinned and mounted on small card, labeled: “Type (p, circle label with red border) //N. China (h, w) //Journ. Linn. Soc /XX p. 158 (h, w) //Charidea/fortunei, Baly/Type (h, w; on back of previous label) //Baly Coll. (p, w) //SYN-/TYPE (p, circle label with blue border) //BMNH(E) /#1024880 (p, w)”. Paratype: 1 (sex undetermined), labeled: “N. China (h, w) // SYN-/TYPE (p, circle label with blue border) //Baly Coll. (p, w)”. Allophyla auora: Unavailable for study. They are not presented in the NHRS nor in the Zoogisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum der Universität Hamburg. Charidea bicostata: Holotype ♂ (MNHN), mounted on triangular card, labeled:.

(9) 196. 台灣農業研究第 63 卷第 3 期. “Chapa (h, w) //Ongles/appendiculès/près genre Laboissierea (h, w) //type (h, w) // Charidea/bicostata n sp (h, w) //Muséum Paris/1958/Coll. Pic (p, y’) //TYPE (p, r) //HOLOTYPE (p, r]) //HOLOTYPE/Charidea/bicostata Pic, 1928 (p, w) //MNHN/ EC4381 (p, w)”. Charidea bicostata var. atriceps: Holotype ♂ (NHRS), pinned and labeled: “China/ Aders (p, w) //Prov./Anhui (p, w) //bicostaca Pic (h, w) //v. atriceps mihi (h, w) // NHRS-JLKB/000022855 (p, w)”. Charidea nigrosuturalis: Lectotype ♂ (MNHN), here designated, pinned and labeled: “T’iemo (p) u (h) Shan (p) /Musée Heude (p, y) //P. (h) /462 (p, gray label) //17.6.36 (h) /O. PIEL, coll. (p, w) //Charidea/nigrosuturalis/nm (h, w) //Muséum Paris/1958/Coll. Pic (p, y’) //SYNTYPE (p, r) //SYNTYPE/Charidea/nigrosuturalis Pic, 1937 (p, w) //MNHN/EC4384 (p, w)”. Paralectotype: 1 ♀ (MNHN): “Mokan Shan/Musée Heude (p, y) //P. (h) /462 (p, gray label) //30.4.36 (h) /O. PIEL, coll. (p, w) //Muséum Paris/1958 /Coll. Pic (p, y’) //SYNTYPE (p, r) //SYNTYPE/Charidea/ nigrosuturalis Pic, 1937 (p, w) //MNHN/ EC4385 (p, w)”. Charidea nigrosuturalis var. obliterata: Holotype ♀ (MNHN), pinned and labeled: “Mokan Shan/Musée Heude (p, y) //P. (h) /463 (p, gray label) //13.3.36 (h) /O. PIEL, coll. (p, w) //v. obliterata/mihi (h, w) //Muséum Paris/1958/Coll. Pic (p, y’) //SYNTYPE (p, r) //SYNTYPE/Charidea/ nigrosuturalis/var. obliterata Pic, 1937 (p, w) //MNHN/EC4386 (p, w)”. Charidea pieli: Holotype ♂ (MNHN), pinned and labeled: “Mokan Shan/Musée Heude (p, y) //P. (h) /461 (p, gray label) //6.5.36 (h) /O. PIEL, coll. (p, w) //Muséum Paris/1958/Coll. Pic (p, y’) //Charidea/pieli. nm (h, w) //HOLOTYPE (p, r) //HOLOTYPE/Charidea/pieli Pic, 1937 (p, w) // MNHN/EC4383 (p, w)”. Sangariola fortunei var. unicoloripennis: Holotype ♂ (TARI): “Kôryô, Yôsyû-Gun/ Keiki-Dô (h) /COREA (p) /16.V.1937 (h) /COL. (p) T. KusanagiI (h, w) //Holotype (letters faded, circle label) //Sangariola/ fortunei Baly/var. unicoloripennis/Chûjô (h) /DET. M. CHUJO (p, w) //2235 (p, w)”. Specimens Examined (n = 22). CHINA: Fujian: 1♀, Chanting, Niuling, 21.IV.1941, leg. T. C. Maa (CAS); 12 exs., Foochoo, VI.1935, leg. M. S. Yang (BMNH); 1♂, Shaowu, Tachulan, 12.V.1942, leg. T. Maa (CAS); 1♂, same locality, 6.V.1945, leg. T. C. Maa (BPBM); 1♂, 3♀♀, Shaowu, Shuipeikai, 11.IV.1943, leg. T. C. Maa (CAS); 1♂, same locality, V.1944, leg. T. C. Maa (CAS); Zhejiang: 1♀, 18.V.1923, leg. Van Dyke (CAS); 1♂, Yian City, Changhua, 16.V.2010, leg. Y.-F. Hsu (TARI). Remarks. Sangariola fortunei is similar to S. yuae sp. nov. with dense pubescence and the elevated interstices 4 and 8 on elytra, but can be distinguished from the latter by the shorter pubescence on the elytra, the narrower antenna, and the membranous central part of the ventral surface at apex of penis. Male. Length 5.0–6.3 mm, width 2.2–2.5 mm. General color (Figs. 17–18) dark brown; pronotum and elytron reddish brown; elytra with a median longitudinal black stripe from suture to stria 3, elytral epimeron black. Body covered with dense pubescence; disc of head and pronotum with micro-reticulation. Antenna filiform (Fig. 26), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.3 : 1.3 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.1 : 1.3; ratio of length to width from.

(10) Revision of Sangariola. antennomere 3 to 11 about 2.5 : 3.1 : 3.1 : 3.1 : 3.1 : 3.2 : 3.4 : 3.3 : 3.9. Pronotum with two large strongly elevated, rounded swellings occupying much of disc, separated medially by a narrow groove; sometimes with lateral groove dividing into two swellings; disc with large punctures but reduced on swellings. Elytral punctures arranged into 10 longitudinal striae, arrangement of striae 1 to 3 a little confused; with interstices 4 and 8 strongly elevated. Penis (Figs. 28–29) wide, about 4.1 times longer than wide; abruptly narrowed near apex, apex truncate; widest at apical 1/3; slender in lateral view; ventral disc with apical 1/3 membranous. Female. Length 5.3–5.9 mm, width 2.3–2.4 mm. Similar to male. Antenna filiform (Fig. 27), length ratio of antennomere 3. 197. to 11 about 1.0 : 1.3 : 1.3 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.0 : 1.3; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 2.3 : 3.0 : 3.0 : 3.0 : 2.9 : 3.1 : 3.0 : 3.0 : 3.9. Gonocoxae (Fig. 31) straight, each gonocoxa with eight setae from apical 1/4 to apex. Sternite VIII (Fig. 30) weakly sclerotized; with one row of short setae along apex, disc scattered with less longer setae; spiculum slender, base strongly widened. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 32) slightly swollen and curved; pump strongly curved; spermathecal duct long. Host plants. Smilacaceae: Smilax spp.; Liliaceae: Lilium spp.; Araceae: Symplocarpus spp. (Yu 1996). Distribution. China (Fujian, Guandong, Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Korea, Vietnam.. Figs. 26–32. Sangariola fortunei. 26. Antenna, male; 27. Antenna, female; 28. Penis, dorsal view; 29. Penis, lateral view; 30. Sternite VIII; 31. Gonocoxae; 32. Spermatheca..

(11) 198. 台灣農業研究第 63 卷第 3 期. Notes. No papers officially treated Charidea bicostata Pic, 1928 and C. pieli Pic, 1937 as synonyms of Sangariola fortunei (Baly 1888), but Döberl (2010) listed them as junior synonyms. Gressitt and Kimoto (1963) proposed Charidea bicostata var. atriceps Pic, 1938 as a junior synonym of S. fortunei but they also indicated that the original description of C. bicostata was not traced. Actually, C. bicostata was published by Pic (1928). Sangariola punctatostriata (Motschulsky 1861) Galleruca (sic!) punctatostriata Motschulsky 1861: 25. Galeruca (Adimonia) multicostata Jacoby 1885: 746; Chûjô 1935a: 86 (as synonym of punctatostriata). Charidea regularis Pic 1928: 31; Chûjô and Kimoto 1961: 191 (as synonym of multicostata). Sangariola punctatostriata: Chûjô 1935a: 86 (Okinawa island). Sangariola punctatostriata aequicostata Chûjô 1938: 10; Chûjô and Kimoto 1961: 191 (as synonym of punctatostriata). Type Specimens (n = 15). Galleruca (sic!) punctatostriata: Lectotype and one paralectotype (sex undetermined) (ZUMU), designated by Medvedev (2006), mounted on card and with same pin, labeled: “Galleruca/punctatostri/-ata Motsch/Japan (h, w)”; 1♀ (BMNH), pinned on small card, labeled: “Jap (h) //Galleruca/punctatostriata Motsch/Japan (h, w) //Charidea (h, w) //Baly coll (p, w)”. Galeruca (Adimonia) multicostata: Lectotype (sex undetermined) (BMNH), mounted on card, here designated and labeled: “(back of card mounted with lectotype) Lilium/. auratum/May (18) 80 (with pencil) // Jacoby Coll./1909–28a (p, w)”. Paralectotypes: 1 (sex undetermined) (BMNH): “Suyama./20.IV-22.IV (p, w; posterior half cut off) //Japan./G. Lewis. /1910–320. (p, w) //on Lilium auratum/& L. lancifolium (h, w) //SYN- /TYPE (p, circle label with blue border)”; 1 (sex undetermined) (BMNH): “Japan./G. Lewis./1910–320. (p, w) //SYN-/TYPE (p, circle label with blue border)”; 2 (sex undetermined) (BMNH): “Japan./G. Lewis./1910–320. (p, w)”; 1 (sex undetermined) (BMNH), same but with additional label: “IX.8, small beetle (written in Chinese)”; 2 (sex undetermined) (MCZC): “Japan/Lewis (h, w) // Type./Sp. figured. (p, w) //1st Jacoby/ Coll. (p, w) //A. multicostata (h, purple label) //Type (p) /18208 (h, red label)”; 1 (sex undetermined) (TARI): “Ichiuchi (h) /JAPAN (p) /30.IV.1881 (h) /Col. G. LEWIS (p, w) //CO/Type (p, yellow letter, circle label with yellow border) //Cotype of Galeruca/multicostata Jacoby (h, w) // Sangariola/punctatostriata/Motschulsky (h) /DET. M. CHUJO (p) //1421 (p, w)”; 1 (sex undetermined) (TARI): “Ichiuchi (h) / JAPAN (p) /30.IV.1881 (h) /Col. G. Lewis (p, w) //CO/Type (p, yellow letter, circle label with yellow border) //Galeruca/multicostata Jac. (h) /Det. T. Shiraki (p, w) // Sangariola/punctatostriata/Motschulsky (h) /DET. M. CHUJO (p, w)”. Charidea regularis: Holotype ♂ (MNHN): “Kioto/Japon (h, w) //type (h, w) //Charidea/regularis Pic (h, w) //Muséum Paris /1958/Coll. Pic (p, y’) //SYNTYPE (p, r) //SYNTYPE/Charidea/regularis Pic, 1928 (p, w) //MNHN/EC4382 (p, w)”. Sangariola punctatostriata aequicostata: Hol o t y p e ♀ ( TA R I ) ( a u t o m a t i c a l l y f i x e d by monotype): “Sobosan (h) /KYÛSHÛ,.

(12) Revision of Sangariola. JAPAN (h) /4.VII.1937 (h) /Coll. S. Issiki (h, w) //Typus (h) //Sangariola (h) / punctatostriata (h) Motschulsky subsp. (h) /aequicostata CHUJO (h) /DET. M. Chûjô (p, pink label) //2927 (p, w)”. Specimens Examined (n = 12). JAPA N : S i k o k u : 3 ♂ ♂ , 4 ♀ ♀ , K o o t i - K e n , 26.III.1934-16.VI.1935, leg. I. Okubo (TARI); Kyushu: 1♂, Mt. Inunaki, Fukuoka-Ken, 5.V.1940, leg. S. Nishiguchi (TARI); Okinawa: 1♂, V.1925, leg. S. Sakaguchi (TARI); Hokkaido: 1♀, Dôyako, III.1928, leg. Y. Miwa (TARI); RUSSIA: 1♂, Saghalien, leg. K. Tamanuki (BMNH).. 199. R em a rk s . S a n g a r io la p u n cta to s tr ia ta an d S. costata are characterized by lacking pubescence on the pronotum and elytra. S. punctatostriata may be distinguished from the latter by more (11) elytral striae (10 striae in S. costata), without elevated ridges between striae on elytron (with elevated ridges between striae 3 and 4, 7 and 8 in S. costata), and confused striae 1 to 3 (all striae regularly arranged in S. costata). Male. Length 5.1–6.1 mm, width 2.3–2.8 mm. General color (Figs. 33–34) dark brown to blackish brown; but pronotum and elytron reddish brown. Body covered with dense pubescence except pronotum and elytron; disc of head and pronotum with micro-. Figs. 33–36. Color habitus of Sangariola species. 33. S. punctatostriata, male, dorsal view; 34. Ditto, ventral view; 35. S. costata, female, dorsal view; 36. Ditto, ventral view..

(13) 200. 台灣農業研究第 63 卷第 3 期. reticulation. Antenna filiform (Fig. 37), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.3 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.3 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.4; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.8 : 2.4 : 2.2 : 2.3 : 2.3 : 2.2 : 2.1 : 2.2 : 2.9. Pronotum with dense and large punctures, arrangement of punctures not regular, density greatest near basal and apical margin, with medial and lateral grooves punctate. Elytral punctures arranged into 11 longitudinal striae, arrangement of striae 1 to 3 confused, without elevated interstices; shape extremely variable from 1.6 to 1.9 times longer than wide. Penis (Figs 39–40) extremely slender, about 6.6 times longer than wide; parallel sided, abruptly narrowed near apex, apex narrowly rounded; slender in lateral view, moderately curved at middle.. Female. Length 5.3–6.6 mm, width 2.2–3.3 mm. Similar to male. Antenna filiform (Fig. 38), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.3 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.1 : 1.4; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.8 : 2.2 : 2.2 : 2.2 : 2.3 : 2.0 : 2.0 : 2.0 : 3.5. Gonocoxae (Fig. 42) curved inwards at middle, each gonocoxa with ten setae from apical 1/3 to apex. Sternite VIII (Fig. 41) weakly sclerotized; with dense short setae along apex, disc scattered with less longer setae; spiculum slender, base strongly widened. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 43) slightly swollen and curved; pump strongly curved; spermathecal duct long. H o s t p l a n t s . L i l i a c e a e : L i l i u m c o rd a t u m (Thunb.) Koidz.; Lilium Leichtlinii Hook. fil. var. tigrinum (Regal) Nicols.; and Ery-. Figs. 37–43. Sangariola punctatostriata. 37. Antenna, male; 38. Antenna, female; 39. Penis, dorsal view; 40. Penis, lateral view; 41. Sternite VIII; 42. Gonocoxae; 43. Spermatheca..

(14) Revision of Sangariola. thronium japonicum Decen. Smilacaceae: Smilax China Linn. (Chûjô and Kimoto 1961). Distribution. Russia, Korea, Japan. Notes. One specimen bears the holotype label and is deposited at the BMNH. It is labeled: “Type/H. T. (p, circle label with red border) //Japan/G. Lewis/1910–320 (p, w) //Yokohama./20.III.-14.IV.80 (p, w) // Adimonia/multicostata Jac. (h, purple label)”, is excluded from the type series because critical information is missing from the description “Yokohama”. Galleruca is a wrong spelling for “Galeruca” but Motschulsky kept using it. Sangariola costata Chûjô, 1935 stat. recur. Sangariola costata Chûjô 1935b: 394; Kimoto 1970: 214 (as synonym of punctatostriata). Sangariola punctatostriata: Kimoto 1970: 214 (misidentification); Kimoto 1987: 191; Kimoto and Chu 1996: 95. Type Specimens (n = 3). Sangariola costata: Lectotype ♂ (TARI), here designated and labeled: “Formosa./Musha (= Wushe, in Nantou county), 1919/V 18 – VI 19,/T. OKUNI, (p, w) //CO/Type (p, yellow letters, circle label) //Sangariola/costata/ Chûjô (h) /DET. M. CHUJO (p, b) //1661 (p, w)”. Paralectotypes: 1♂ (TARI), same as holotype but with “1938”; 1♀ (TARI): “Kappanzan (= Chiaopanshan, in Taoyuan county) (h) /FORMOSA (p) /26.IV.1933 (h) /COL. T. MITONO (p, w)//CO/Type (p, yellow letters, circle label) //Sangariola/ costata/Chûjô (h) /DET. M. CHUJO (p, blue label) //708 (p, w)” S p e c i m e n s E x a m i n e d ( n = 5 4 ) . Ta i w a n : Kaoshiung: 1 ex., Chungchihkuan, 16.IV.2012, leg. L.-P. Hsu (TARI); Miaoli. 5 exs., Tahu, 7.IV.2013, leg. D. Lu. 201. (BMNH); Nantou: 1♀, Lushan, 27–31. V. 1 9 8 0 , l e g . K . S . L i n & L . Y. C h o u ( TA R I ) ; 1 ♀ , Tu n g p u , 2 0 – 2 2 . V I . 1 9 8 0 , leg. C. C. Chen (TARI); 2♂♂, 1♀, same locality, 28.IV.–2.V.1981, leg. T. Lin & C. J. Lee (TARI); 9♂♂, 2♀♀, same locality, 16–20.IV.1984, leg. K. C. Chou & C. H. Yang (TARI); 3♀♀, Wushe, 19–22. IV.1983, leg. K. C. Chou & S. P. Huang (TARI); 1♂, 1♀, same locality, 7.V.1984, leg. K. C. Chou & C. C. Pan (TARI); 3 exs., Wanfengtsun, 18.IV.2011, leg. W.T. Liu (TARI); Taipei: 1 ex., Chinshan, 20.III.2010, leg. C.-C. Cheng (TARI); Taoyuan: 5♀♀, Paling, 3–5.V.1983, leg. K. C. Chou & C. C. Pan (TARI); 4 exs., same l o c a l i t y, 2 1 . I I I . 2 0 1 0 , l e g . M . - H . Ts o u (TARI); 7 exs., Tungyanshan, 10.V.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu or M.-H. Tsou (TARI); 1 ex., same locality, 12.VI.2009, leg. H. Lee (TARI); 5 exs., same locality, 8.IV.2012, leg. M.-H. Tsou (TARI). Remarks. Sangariola costata is similar to S. punctatostriata. For diagnosis of both species, see remarks under S. punctatostriata. Male. Length 5.4–6.3 mm, width 2.5–2.8 mm. General color (Figs. 35–36) black; but head, pronotum, prothorax, scutellum, and elytron reddish brown. Body covered with dense pubescence except pronotum and elytron; disc of head and pronotum with micro-reticulation. Antenna filiform (Fig. 44), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.1 : 1.2 : 1.1 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.5; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.8 : 2.0 : 2.3 : 2.1 : 2.1 : 2.1 : 2.4 : 2.7 : 3.4. Pronotum with dense and large punctures, arrangement of punctures not regular, most dense near basal and apical margin, with medial and lateral grooves punctate. Elytral punctures.

(15) 202. 台灣農業研究第 63 卷第 3 期. arranged into ten longitudinal striae, with elevated interstices between striae 3 and 4, 7 and 8. Penis (Figs. 46–47) extremely wide, about 3.4 times longer than wide; parallel sided, abruptly narrowed near apex, apex narrowly rounded; wide in lateral view, widest at apical 1/3, strongly curved at middle. Female. Length 5.1–6.4 mm, width 2.3–3.1 mm. Similar to male. Antenna filiform (Fig. 45), length ratio of antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.0 : 1.4 : 1.4 : 1.2 : 1.3 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.2 : 1.3; ratio of length to width from antennomere 3 to 11 about 1.6 : 2.3 : 2.4 : 2.0 : 2.2 : 2.1 : 2.4 : 2.6 : 3.2. Gonocoxae (Fig. 49) curved inwards at middle, each gonocoxa with nine setae from apical 1/4 to apex. Sternite VIII (Fig. 48) weakly. sclerotized; with dense short setae along apex, disc scattered with shorter setae; spiculum slender, base strongly widened. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 50) slightly swollen and curved; pump strongly curved; spermathecal duct long. Host plant. Liliaceae: Lilium longiflorum var. formosanum Baker. Distribution. Endemic to Taiwan. It is a widespread species closely associated with its host plant. Notes. Kimoto (1970) treated Sangariola costata as a synonym of S. punctatostriata which is widespread in east Asia. Actually, S. costata is a distinct species and endemit to Taiwan.. Figs. 44–50. Sangariola costata. 44. Antenna, male; 45. Antenna, female; 46. Penis, dorsal view; 47. Penis, lateral view; 48. Sternite VIII; 49. Gonocoxae; 50. Spermatheca..

(16) Revision of Sangariola. AEKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank the Taiwan Chrysomelid Research Team for assisting in collecting materials, including Jung-Chang Chen, Yi-Ting Chung, BoXin Guo, Hsueh Lee, Wen-Chuan Liao, WeiTing Liu, Mei-Hua Tsou, and Su-Fang Yu. I specially thank Ta-Hsiang Lee for taking photographs of specimens. I thank Chris Carlton for reading the draft and editing for English style.. REFERENCES Baly, J. S. 1888. Descriptions of some genera and species of Galerucinae. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool.) 20:156– 188. Chen, S. H. 1933. Study of Chinese Halticinae beetles with descriptions of some exotic new species. Sinensia 3:211–254. Chûjô, M. 1935a. Chrysomelidae of Loo-Choo archipelago (I). Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 25:69–89. Chûjô, M. 1935b. Studies on the Chrysomelidae in the Japanese Empire (VIII) subfamily Halticinae. Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 25:392–400. Chûjô, M. 1938. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Chrysomeliden-Fauna von Kyûshû, Japan. Bull. Umeno Entomol. Lab. 6:5–13. Chûjô, M. 1941. Chrysomelid-beetles from Korea (IV). Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 31:155–174. Chûjô, M. and S. Kimoto. 1961. Systematic catalog of Japanese Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera). Pac. Insects 3:117–202. Döberl, M. 2010. Alticinae. p.491–563. in: Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol. 6. (Löbl, I. and A. Smetana, eds.) Apollo Books. Stenstrup. 924 pp. Gressitt, J. L. and S. Kimoto. 1963. The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea, Part 2. Pac. Ins. Mon. 1B:301–1026. Hincks, W. D. 1949. Some nomenclatorial notes on Chrysomelidae (Col.). No. 1, Galerucinae. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2:607–622. Jacobson, G. 1922. Chrysomelidae palaearctici novi vel parum cogniti (Coleoptera). IV. Mus. Zool. Petrograd, Ann. 23:517–534.. 203. Jacoby, M. 1885. Descriptions of the phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan obtained by Mr. George Lewis during his second journey, from February 1880 to September 1881.- Part II. Halticinae and Galerucinae. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1885:719–755. Kimoto, S. 1970. Notes on the Chrysomelidae from Taiwan IV. Kotyû 38:205–221. Kimoto, S. 1987. The Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by the Nagoya University Scientiﬁc Expedition to Taiwan in 1986. Kurume Univ. J. 36:183–194. Kimoto, S. 1989. The Taiwanese Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by Dr. Kintaro Baba, on the occasion of his entomological survey in 1983 and 1986. Kurume Univ. J. 38:237–272. Kimoto, S. and Y. I. Chu. 1996. Systematic catalog of Chrysomelidae of Taiwan (Insecta: Coleoptera). Bull. Inst. Comp. Stud. Int. Cult. Soc. 16:1–152. Konstantinov, A. S. and N. J. Vandenberg. 1996. Handbook of Palearctic ﬂea beetles: (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae). Contr. Entomol. Intl. 1/3:237 –439.. Medvedev, L. N. 2006. To the knowledge of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) described by V. Motschulsky. Russian Entomol. J. 15:409–417. Motschulsky, V. de. 1861. Insectes du Japan. Études Entomol. 9:4–39. Pic, M. 1928. Notes et descriptions. Mélanges Exot. Entomol. 51:1–36. Pic, M. 1937. Coléoptères nouveaux de Chine. Notes Entomol. Chin. 4:169–176. Pic, M. 1938. Coleoptera partim: Dermestidae- Phytophaga. p.14–18. in: Insekten aus China im Naturhistorischen Reichsmuseum zu Stockholm. Heimgebracht von Direktor Kjell Kolthoff und anderen schwedischen Forschern und Reisenden. (Sjöstedt, Y. ed.) Almqvist & Wiksell. Stockholm. 19 pp. Weise, J. 1889. Insecta, a cl. G. N. Potanin in China et in Mongolia novissime lecta. IX. Chrysomelidae et Coccinellidae. Hor. Soc. Entomol. Ross. 23:560– 653. Weise, J. 1905. Ueber Allophyla Ws., Horae 1889, 624. Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 1905:188. Yu, P. 1996. Economic insect fauna of China. Fasc. 54. Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea (II). Science Press. Beijing. 324 pp. (in Chinese).

(17) 204. 台灣農業研究第 63 卷第 3 期. 細角葉蚤屬的分類修訂 (鞘翅目：金花蟲科：螢金花蟲亞科：葉蚤族) 標本名錄李奇峰 1,* 摘要李奇峰。2014。細角葉蚤屬的分類修訂 (鞘翅目：金花蟲科：螢金花蟲亞科：葉蚤族)。台灣農業研究 63(3):188–204。本文針對細角葉蚤屬 Sangariola 做全世界的種類的分類修訂，共有五個種類被視為有效種，其中重新描述 Sangariola hirashimai Kimoto, 1970、Sangariola fortunei (Baly 1888) 及Sangariola punctatostriata (Motschulsky 1861)；而 Sangariola costata Chûjô, 1935b 本來為 S. punctatostriata (Motschulsky 1861) 的同物異名，現被移出而視為獨立的種類；此外描述一產於台灣的新種：Sangariola yuae sp. nov.。Charidea nigrosuturalis var. obliterata Pic, 1937 為 S. punctatostriata (Motschulsky 1861) 新的同物異名。本文並指定下列的種類的選模標本 (lectotype)：Charidea fortunei Baly, 1888、Charidea nigrosuturalis Pic, 1937、Galleruca (sic!) punctatostriata Motschulsky, 1861、Galeruca (Adimonia) multicostata Jacoby, 1885及Sangariola costata Chûjô, 1935b。關鍵詞：分類學、金花蟲、百合。. * 1. 投稿日期：2014 年 5 月 29 日；接受日期：2014 年 6 月 18 日。通訊作者：[email protected] 農委會農業試驗所應用動物組副研究員。台灣台中市。.

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