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口腔病理科 On-Line KMU Student Bulletin

原文題目(出處): Iatrogenic delay in diagnosis of temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis: A cross Sectional analysis of thirty four trauma patients from central India. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Pathol 2014;5:27-32

原文作者姓名: Bailoor Durgesh, Gupta MK, Handa Hina, Satpathy Mrinal, Shrivastava Kriti

通訊作者學校: Peoples Dental Academy, Peoples University, Bhanpur, Bhopal-462037, MP, India.

報告者姓名(組別): Intern E 組 黃浩瑋 報告日期: 2014/12/09

內文:

Introduction

 Temporo-mandibular joint Ankylosis 在目前的印度中部是一個很常見的疾病, 先有 maxillofacial trauma,接著因為延遲的診斷與治療而導致

 因為城市化的發展與人口遷移,所以交通的問題變成導致 facial trauma 的一 個重要原因,車禍占了 facial trauma 原因之中最大的比例

 Temporo-mandibular joint Ankylosis 會因為 iatrogenic delay 的原因而更加 惡化,甚至最終導致 jaw lock due to ankylosis

 這篇研究主要的目的是藉由追蹤並分析每個 facial trauma 的病人,根據每個 Case 的 outcome 與 background 來比較,藉此來了解什麼情況之下容易發生 iatrogenic delay (ID) ,探討其中原因

Methods and Materials

 Iatrogenic delay definition:

The time calculated from primary visit to doctor to the final treatment being given at tertiary specialty hospital.

 238 patients with facial trauma

 A detailed follow up of only 72 was possible and only 34 cases were finally included which fit into our study.

Results

 Of total 34 case,11 patients witout ankylosis,10 patients with fibrosis ankylosis,13 patients with bony ankylosis.

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口腔病理科 On-Line KMU Student Bulletin

Discussion

 TMJ ankylosis was primarily attributed to delay of surgical expertise and prolonged non-usage of the joint due to pain after injury.

 34 patients divided into 3 group according to outcome

 No ankylosis :11 patients

 Fibrous ankylosis:10 patients

 Bony ankylosis:13 patients

 34 patients divided into 2 group ,rural and urban

 Rural:16 patients

 Urban:18 patients

 The iatrogenic delay total / per doctor

 19.6 months / 3.67 months in rural areas

 6.16 months / 2.94 months in urban areas

 Mean iatrogenic delay of the patients who

 No ankylosis group is 1.85 months

 Fibrous ankylosis group is 2.94 months

 Bony ankylosis group is 19.6 months.

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口腔病理科 On-Line KMU Student Bulletin

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Conclusion

 不同於已發展國家的 maxillofacial injuries 的原因主要來至於 assault(襲 擊),Road traffic accident 在印度仍然是 maxillofacial injuries 最主要的原因

 對於 in growing age joints 的 trauma 完全忽略或是沒有妥善的處理是 TMJ ankylosis 發生的主要原因

 印度鄉下地區的病人常見會有診斷或治療 delay 的原因有貧窮,缺乏警覺,文 盲,因此對於這方面的健康教育觀念是必要的

 在遇到 facial trauma 時提高對於 TMJ ankylosis 的警覺性並且提供即時的專 業評估與治療,如此一來可以有效減低印度鄉鎮的 patient 的 TMJ ankylosis 的 發生率

題號 題目

1 關於Ankylosis,下列何者敘述錯誤?

(A) 最常見的病因是 trauma,尤其是 condylar fracture

(B) 病患出現張口受限、下顎患側偏移、患側向對側做側方運動

時運動量減少

(C) 一般而言,bony ankylosis 比 fibrous ankylosis 的張口度大 (D) bony fusion 處幾乎位於關節的 lateral part,且呈現

osteosclerosis,並可見 radiolucent zone 答案(C) 出處:當代口腔顎面外科 p.800

題號 題目

2 關於TMD,下列何者敘述錯誤?

(A) Anterior disc displacement with reduction 的患者,在張口與閉 口時會出現聲響

(B) Anterior disc displacement without reduction 的患者,在張口與 閉口時不會出現聲響

(C) Anterior disc displacement without reduction 的患者,下顎運動 時會偏向對側

(D) 風濕性關節炎會造成 TMD

答案(C) 出處:當代口腔顎面外科 p.798~800

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