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Beginning of L

A

TEX

Chiao-Ching Huang

iAgent Lab

August 6, 2012

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 1 / 39

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1 Introduction

2 Let’s Start

3 Latex Document

4 Tables, Figures, Math

5 JabRef, .bib

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Section Outline

1 Introduction

Preface

Latex Thinking

2 Let’s Start

3 Latex Document

4 Tables, Figures, Math

5 JabRef, .bib

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 3 / 39

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About Tex and Latex

Tex

史丹福大學Professor Donald Knuth (“The Art of Computer Programming.”的作者),因為無法忍受當時的排版水準,決定自 創一套新的系統,TEX系統

LaTex

Leslie Lamport基於Tex系統,發展使用上更為便利的Latex系統。

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Why Latex?

Latex

Latex = 純文字 + 排版控制程式碼 Editor 6=Compiler 6= Viewer Why..?

純文字編輯,可跨平台

圖片、表格自動排版

易於專注在文章的內容,而非排版

參考文獻整理容易

配合 SVN 方便控制版本差異

許多大型會議與期刊都有排版格式檔 (含論文)

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 5 / 39

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Section Outline

1 Introduction

2 Let’s Start

Goal Installation Chinese in Latex Latex in Mac

3 Latex Document

4 Tables, Figures, Math

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 6 / 39

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Goal

Use Latex to...

Write a paragraph Use item labels Build tables Include pictures Write math equations Reference , Bibtex

用LaTex實作一份本次Orientation 的科目大綱。

編寫接下來幾天的學習心得。

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 7 / 39

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Installation

Latex (Windows)

Miktex (suggested compiler) Google: Miktex

http://miktex.org/2.9/setup Texmaker (suggested Editor)

Google: Texmaker

http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/download.html

? Options>Configure Texmaker>

? Editor>Editor Font Encoding>UTF-8

? Commands>Pdf Viewer>(your pdf viewer)

? Quick Build>PdfLaTeX+View PDF

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If you need Chinese...

Useful Google keywords:

CJK packages Latex 中文 Or...

Follow the instruction in

http://disa.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~alcoholic/Latex/latex_in_Windows.pdf

Using the package at

http://disa.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~alcoholic/Latex/texmf.zip

instead of broken link in the pdf file.

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 9 / 39

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about Mac

Well, I’m not a Mac user.... Maybe you can try:

Mactex

http://www.tug.org/mactex/

http:

//guides.macrumors.com/Installing_LaTeX_on_a_Mac

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Section Outline

1 Introduction

2 Let’s Start

3 Latex Document

Hello world, structures Title and Table of contents Itemization, Symbols Exercise

4 Tables, Figures, Math

5 JabRef, .bib

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 11 / 39

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Hello world

After installation, try:

\documentclass[12pt]{report}

\begin{document}

Hello, world!

\end{document}

and save as a file (with a filename) compile it!

If you use texmaker : press F6, then F7 to look the result.

Exercise : Hello, world!

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空白,換行

Area control : {, and} Instruction Command : \

你在 Editor ( Texmaker ) 中按 Enter,不代表排版後就是從這裡 斷行

Latex會依一行應有的寬度經過整體計算後自動補成一整行後再來

斷行。

在 Editor 中的 space (空白) 與 Enter (換行) 跟 Latex 編譯後的 結果是兩回事

You’ll feel it later... especially when you are writing a paper/thesis.

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 13 / 39

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Document Structure

\documentclass[12pt]{report}

%preamble area, include packages here. Example: \usepackage{color}

\begin{document}

\section{Section I}

Hello, world!

\end{document}

Comment : %

Exercise: Try structures - chapter, section, subsection, paragraph...

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封面,大綱

%Declaration part

\title{your title}

\author{your name}

\date{\today}

\maketitle%make a title page with these information

? With the organized structure, you can use:

\tableofcontents

\listoffigures%圖目錄

\listoftables%表目錄

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 15 / 39

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字體大小

Forget about the 10pt, 14pt, 16pt ... when you’re writing in latex.

We use 相對大小 here. (當然也有絕對大小,如有需要,請洽google)

\tiny,\scriptsize, \footnotesize, \small,

\normalsize,

\large, \Large, \LARGE, \huge, \Huge Example: size

{\largethe sentences}

\begin{small}

Sentences

\end{small}

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條列項目

\begin{itemize}

\item no.1 statement

\item no.2 statement

\item no.3 statement

\end{itemize}

Try different (and nested) item label:

itemize,enumerate (編號), description(敘述,\item[desc.]) usable package : \usepackage{enumerate}

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 17 / 39

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符號,連結

You may ask :

How to writehttp://....?

\url{http://....}

How to write lots of symbols ? Usually, use\

Example: \%

http://disa.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~alcoholic/Latex/latexsheet.pdf

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1 Write a paragraph with nested itemize labels under a section under a chapter.

2 Write down your notes of the orientation.

3 Try the difference between \paragraph{} and nextline : \\.

空行在 Latex 中是有其效用的。如只是要在editor空行,建議在空

行前使用%,將整行作為註解。 換行可以使用\\,並可在其後添

加間隔,如\ \ [1cm]

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 19 / 39

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Exercise Answer

\documentclass[12pt]{report}

\begin{document}

\chapter{Exercise}

\section{Hi}

Hello, world!

\begin{itemize}

\itemstatement 1

\itemstatement 2

\itemstatement 3

\begin{enumerate}

\itemno.1 statement

\itemno.2 statement

\end{enumerate}

\end{itemize}

\end{document}

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Section Outline

1 Introduction

2 Let’s Start

3 Latex Document

4 Tables, Figures, Math

Tables Figures Math Exercise

5 JabRef, .bib

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 21 / 39

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表格

Build a Table as: This is a table.

the table in latex.

\begin{tabular}{|l|r|c|c|}

%t : top, b: bottom, c: center與文字並排時排版位置

%— : 直的格線 l : 靠左對齊 c : 置中對齊 r : 靠右對齊

% \hline : 橫的格線, &: 換格,\\: 換行

\hline

This & is & a & table. \\ \hline

the & table &\multicolumn{2}{c}{in latex.} \\ \hline

\end{tabular}

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表格浮動環境

浮動環境: 讓 latex 自行安排表格(圖片)位置,僅能‘建議’ latex 放

置的位置。

\begin{table}[h]

%進入浮動環境,h: here,t: top,p: page ,要求latex將表格置於該位置

% !h: 強烈要求

\caption{Title of the table} %表格的標題

\label{引用代碼}

\begin{tabular}{|l|r|c|c|}

\hline

This &is &a&table.\\ \hline

the & table &\multicolumn{2}{c}{in latex.} \\ \hline

\end{tabular}

\end{table}

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 23 / 39

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引用,參照

\label{引用代碼}

%定引用代碼

\ref{引用代碼}

%引用label所標示的圖/表/文句

圖,表,章節 : 自動引用該編號 Ex:

Fig. \ref{yourref}

Section. \ref{yourref}

You may need to compile it TWICE to correct the structures.

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插入圖片

\usepackage{graphicx}

%In the preamble area

\includegraphics[width=5cm]{pic.png}

%.png .jpg .pdf

%可設定width = 0.7 \textwidth

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 25 / 39

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圖的浮動環境

Almost the same as the tables

\begin{figure}[h]

% \begin{center}

\includegraphics[0.8\textwidth]{pic.png}

% \end{center}

\caption{Title of the Figure} %圖的標題

\label{引用代碼}

\end{figure}

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You may need

置中: \begin{center}, \end{center}

調整縱向空間 : 產生空行 \bigskip, \medskip, \smallskip 調整橫向空間 : 產生空白\quad, \qquad

Exercise

Build a table and include a picture

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 27 / 39

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學表示法

The most powerful part of Latex.

a b Y d c

$

a b Y c d

$

%inline mode

\[

a b Y c d

\]

%display mode

Everyone needs different mathematics functions, please check

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Mathematics.

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學表示法

%Different modes of fraction

$f(x,y) = y / ( x-7 ) = \frac{ y }{ (x-7) }$

f (x , y ) = y /(x − 7) = (x −7)y

%Latex provide simple ways to show math function:

$\sqrt [m]{n }, \forall m \in \Re,\exists n$

m

n, ∀m ∈ <, ∃n

While you need a blank in math mode, use ∼

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 29 / 39

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學式編號,對齊

\usepackage{amsmath}

%數學式編號

\begin{equation}

數學式子

\end{equation}

%數學式對齊

\begin{align}

\alpha&= a + b -c\\

\beta&= 2c

\end{align}

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Math Exercise

You must know one thing:

× Wrong Function: x + 1 = y text in a function x − 1 = z Correct Function: x + 1 = y text in a function x − 1 = z

If you need to type text in your function, use\text{your words}

Exercise

Try the different effects of

\sum {i = 0}{100}x i

In the inline mode and display mode

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 31 / 39

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Exercise

Exercise

Write a math equation to show the following:

α = x2+ y

x − y (1)

β =

100

X

i =1

xiyi + ci (2)

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Section Outline

1 Introduction

2 Let’s Start

3 Latex Document

4 Tables, Figures, Math

5 JabRef, .bib

JabRef

Reference and .bib

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 33 / 39

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JabRef

A good tool for using bibtex

http://jabref.sourceforge.net/

You can easily manage your references.

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考文獻範例

\usepackage{natbib,hyperref}

%Natbib : for reference

%Hyperref : for hyperlink

\bibliographystyle{plain}

\bibliography{ref}

%引入ref.bib

\cite{yourcitekey}

%yourcitekey = keyword defined by yourself

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 35 / 39

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.bib

How to get .bib

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.bib format

@article{Knuth2004, ← This is the Key author = “Knuth, Donald E.”,

year = “2004”,

title = “The{\TeX} Journal”, journal = “SayYa-Publisher”, }

http:

//en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Bibliography_Management

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 37 / 39

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In Texmaker

You have to compile the .bib file.

If you are using texmaker, compile it several times:

1 pdflatex your.tex (pressF6)

2 bibtex your.tex (pressF11)

3 pdflatex your.tex (pressF6)

4 pdflatex your.tex (pressF6)

Note. Compile twice ⇒ make the correct structure.

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Thank you.

If you want to know more, here is your best friend:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX If you want to draw something:

http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/

Please contact me if:

1 You cannot solve your latex problem by Google, your best problem solver.

2 You want to make slides by Latex.

3 You want to draw plots in latex.

Chiao-Ching Huang (iAgent Lab) Beginning of LATEX August 6, 2012 39 / 39

參考文獻

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