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中西藥製劑中含運動員禁藥之資料庫建立

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行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告

計畫編號:NSC 90-2413-H-179-011

執行期限:90 年 8 月 1 日至 91 年 7 月 31 日

主持人:許美智 國立體育學院 運動科學研究所

共同主持人:王俊明 國立體育學院 體育研究所

計畫參與人員:詹貴惠 李淑玲 鄭毅賢 吳美儀 羅欣怡

張凱綸 陳美如 許加 國立體育學院研究

一、中文摘要 在台灣現行市售常用藥品中,一般人 由其商品名並不能了解其所含成份是否含 運動員禁藥,以常用口服市售感冒藥、鎮 咳藥、過敏藥、止痛藥為例,多含有 ephedrine、phenylpropanolamine、 methylephedrine、codeine、caffeine、 procaine、xylocaine 或 carbocaine 等運動員 禁用藥物,運動員若於比賽前使用此類藥 物,則有可能於藥檢時尿液被檢出陽性反 應,而產生不必要之困擾。本計劃主持人 已於民國 88 年 6 月完成該時期市售西藥之 運動員禁藥資料庫的建立,將含有五大類 運動禁藥的市售藥品其成份名稱、含量、 使用方法及適應症等,建立完整之資料 庫,並鍵入網際網路系統。然而,國內藥 品之更新速度相當快因此運動員若僅依據 舊有禁藥查詢資料庫可能仍有誤用禁藥之 虞。再者,因許多西藥感冒藥中含有運動 禁藥,故運動員為避免誤用禁藥,可能轉 而服用中藥,然中藥的麻黃之主要成份之 一即為運動禁藥— 麻黃生物鹼,故部分中 藥製劑中亦含有運動禁藥,因此有必要於 資料庫中加入中藥的資料,以避免運動員 誤用。因此本研究旨在更新舊有的資料庫 資料並於其中加入中藥的資料庫。更新後 的資料庫中有 IOC 於 2001 年 9 的最新規 定,完成後西藥查詢之資料庫中有的資料 包括禁止使用的「興奮劑」、「麻醉性止 痛劑」、「同化性物質」、「利尿劑」、 「胜太類與擬胜太類荷爾蒙及類緣物」五 大類,分別有 17、2、19、2 及 3 種藥物成 分;而限制使用的「局部麻醉劑」、「腎 上腺皮質類固醇」與「交感神經β阻斷劑」 則分別有 7、9 及 18 種藥物;共計 4685 件 市售西藥製劑含有運動禁藥。另外還有 1057 件之中藥製劑資料。本計畫之完成有 助於協助各界對市售藥品與運動禁藥關係 的了解,並協助運動員避免誤服禁藥。 關鍵詞:運動員、運動禁藥、中藥製劑 Abstr act

Drugs are classified to “prescription drugs”, “indicator medicine” and

“Over-The-Counter Drugs (OTC)”.

Medicines may be obtained through receipt of a prescription from a medical practitioner or by purchase OTC, normally from a pharmacy. OTC medicines and some medicines with medical practitioner’s instruction are available for purchase by the general public, without a prescription. When infected by a cold (or flu), most of the athletes choose to purchase OTC medicines from drug stores because they are easy to be obtained without medical practitioner’s prescription. These drugs pose particular problems for athletes, since a number of drugs subject to IOC regulations are

available in drug store. For example: 斯斯感 冒膠囊 and 普拿疼伏冒錠. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are the major compositions of epedrae herba. They are the banned

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大類,分別有 17、2、19、2 及 3 種藥物成 for the athletes in our country to realize what the traditional Chinese medicine preparations contain epedrae herba. Most of the epedrae herba preparations are for bonchodilation

and anti-flu. They can attenuate the symptoms of fever, headache, stuffy nose, cough and so on. Others can treat for

rheumatism, edema, sore, deficiency of vital energy. The athletes should be careful and choose the preparations without epedrae herba when taking traditional Chinese

medicine. The purpose of this study is (1) to renew the database web system of OTC medicines from year 1999 to 2001, (2) to establish the system of inquiring about traditional Chinese medicine preparations containing ephedrines. The drug kinds of “stimulants”, “narcotics”, “anabolic agents”, “beta-2 agonists”, “diuretics”, “peptide hormones, mimetics and analogues”, “local anaesthetics”, “glucocorticsteroids” and “beta-blockers” in new databank there were 17, 2, 19, 2, 3, 7, 9, and 18. The numbers of medicine were 4685. In our databank, we also establish 1057 traditional Chinese medicine preparations containing ephedrines to be searched. After finish of this study, it may help everyone to realize to relationship between medicine and doping. It also can provide athletes the information to prevent taking medicines containing banned substances.

Key word: athletes, doping, traditional Chinese medicine preparations

二、緣由與目的 2000 年雪梨奧運羅馬尼亞女子體操選 手 Andreea Raducan 因誤服含有假麻黃鹼 的感冒藥而被取消全能金牌,此一消息舉 世震撼,也使運動員用藥格外受到矚目。 在台灣現行市售藥品中,一般人由其商品 名並不能了解其成分,運動員更無法判別 其是否為運動禁藥;然而常見之感冒藥如 斯斯感冒膠囊、普拿疼伏冒錠等即含有運 動禁藥。因此計劃主持人已於民國 88 年 6 月完成該時期市售西藥之運動員禁藥資料 庫的建立,將含有五大類運動禁藥的市售 藥品其成份名稱、含量、使用方法及適應

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