盧梭思想對當代參與民主理論的啟發：以柯爾、帕特曼及巴勃的理論為分析對象

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୯ҥѠ᡼εᏢޗ཮ࣽᏢଣࡹݯᏢس ୯ҥѠ᡼εᏢޗ཮ࣽᏢଣࡹݯᏢس ୯ҥѠ᡼εᏢޗ཮ࣽᏢଣࡹݯᏢس ୯ҥѠ᡼εᏢޗ཮ࣽᏢଣࡹݯᏢس!!!!

ᅺγፕЎ ᅺγፕЎ ᅺγፕЎ ᅺγፕЎ!!!!

Department of Political Science College of Social Sciences

National Taiwan University Master Thesis

ᐽఖࡘགྷჹ྽жୖᆶ҇Ь౛ፕޑ௴ว ᐽఖࡘགྷჹ྽жୖᆶ҇Ь౛ፕޑ௴ว ᐽఖࡘགྷჹ྽жୖᆶ҇Ь౛ፕޑ௴ว ᐽఖࡘགྷჹ྽жୖᆶ҇Ь౛ፕޑ௴วǺ Ǻ Ǻ Ǻ!!!!

а࢒ᅟ а࢒ᅟ а࢒ᅟ

а࢒ᅟǵ ǵ ǵ ǵۦ੝ୗϷЃࠁޑ౛ፕࣁϩ݋ჹຝ ۦ੝ୗϷЃࠁޑ౛ፕࣁϩ݋ჹຝ ۦ੝ୗϷЃࠁޑ౛ፕࣁϩ݋ჹຝ!!!! ۦ੝ୗϷЃࠁޑ౛ፕࣁϩ݋ჹຝ

The Inspiration of Rousseau’s Political Theory to Modern Participatory Democracy Theory: the Analysis of Cole, Pateman, and Barber’s Political

Theory

!!!!

ᑵەធ ᑵەធ ᑵەធ ᑵەធ!!!!

Yi-hsin Hsiao

ࡰᏤ௲௤

ࡰᏤ௲௤ ࡰᏤ௲௤

ࡰᏤ௲௤Ǻ Ǻ ǺԢەᐇറγ Ǻ Ԣەᐇറγ Ԣەᐇറγ Ԣەᐇറγ Advisor:Yi-hua Jiang

ύ๮҇୯ ύ๮҇୯

ύ๮҇୯ ύ๮҇୯ 98 ԃ ԃ ԃ 7 Д ԃ Д Д Д

July,2009

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ᖴ ᖴ ᖴ

ᖴ!!! !!! !!!ᇞ !!! ᇞ ᇞ!!!! ᇞ

آᐊ܂ᓵ֮հழΔߠࠩהԳᆜ࣋࣍ᓵ່֮ছֱऱ᝔፾Δೝዿᄎᤚ൓ຍݯ࢕׽

ਢψ۩៖ڕᏚωऱԫຝ։Ζऴࠩ۞աၲࡨᐊ܂ᓵ֮ऱψደ९ᜱેωመ࿓৵Δֱ᧯

ᄎࠩԫءᓵ֮ࢬא౨ജݙګΔ࿪լႛ׽ᔾ܂ृءԳऱܘԺΔᝫᏁ૞๺ڍԳऱᣂ

֨Ε࠰ܗΔթױ౨ګࠡࠃΖਢਚڇᐊ܂᝔፾ऱڼழΔݺ֨ᇙڶထ๺ڍऱტ᝔უ।

ሒΔ࿪ॺ׽ਢဠᚨਚࠃΖ

ଈ٣Δݺუ٣᝔᝔ਐᖄඒ඄ۂࡵᖧ۔ஃΖՕԿழऱ۫ਙ৸ਢݺፖਙएୃᖂ൷ ᤛऱၲࡨΔڇ۔ஃऱ֧ᏆਐᖄՀΔᗝබΕᚦዿ࿛ୃԳऱᖂᎅΔඔ࿇Աݺኙਙएୃ

ᖂऱᘋᔊΖઔߒࢬழཚԫഘԾԫഘऱಘᓵᓰΔא֗೯᎗ᑇԼΕՂۍ଄ऱ֮ءᔹᦰΔ ឈྥ᜔ਢᄕ༄ਗᖏࢤΔ܀থՈઌᅝመᦥΖ࣍ਢڇ༓ᆖྫᘵ৵ΔݺᙇᖗԱઌኙለլ ᑵ൜ऱਙए৸უᏆ഑ᐊ܂ᓵ֮ΔڇຍጟൣउՀΔ౨൷࠹۔ஃऱਐᖄኔڇਢԫٙৰ

ࢉሎऱࠃΔ๺ڍழଢ࢓࢓ຑ۞աຟլ堚ᄑംᠲࢬڇΔ۔ஃথ᜔౨᎘࣐ऴਐ᣻࿨ࢬ ڇΔࠀψਐ֧ࣔሁωΖڂڼ౨ݙګຍءᓵ֮Δటऱ൓ტ᝔۔ஃऱਐᖄΖ

ڼ؆ΔՈ૞ტ᝔Ցᇢࡡ୉ᓐ૎֮۔ஃΕᘕ೏৯۔ஃ੡ء֮༼ࠎ๺ڍᣪ၆ऱრ ߠΔ༼រ੡ݺࢬ࢙ฃऱਬࠄᛩᆏΔᕣጥ๠෻൓آᘊየრΔ܀Բۯ۔ஃऱਐᖄऱᒔ ࠌݺᛧ墿ߜڍΖ

൷ထݺუ᝔᝔ֆ۩ R94 ऱٵᖂଚΔൕઔԫၲࡨݺଚլၴឰऱፋ塊Δא֗ᣄ

൓ऱ堚ቼል໱հளΔຟᨃݺऱઔߒࢬس੒᠆༄ڍৎΔۖୖଈેᦰழࢬ᠊נࠐऱψಥ

᣸ࢤωΕψฝ೯՛ֵৢωუؘՈᄎ९ఎݺ֨Ζ

ڇאਙएୃᖂ੡ᓵ֮ᐊ܂Ꮖ഑ऱຍ੄ழၴΔࠡኔݺਢৰ֨ဠო༜ऱΔ܀ࢉۖ

ڶࠋᙩຍۯٵ॰ஃࡦࡢ౨ജյઌ఩᣽Δᐊ܂ᓵ֮ழࢬሖࠩऱ෿᙭ΕܺᣄΔՈ࢓࢓

ਢࠋᙩڶ່෡ऱٵტΔ᝔᝔ࠋᙩᨃݺऱψਙए৸უհሁωլ٦ࡰ໢Ζ

ೈԱᓰᄐΔᐊ܂ᓵ֮ࠡၴՈམޡԵ៭໱ऱݺΔኙ࣍ՠ܂ΕآࠐՈڶ๺ڍऱუ ऄΔۖፖݺԫದ༈๴ړپଇढऱψ堩֖ωࠋੳΔ᜔ਢᑗ࣍แᦫݺຍࠄլګᑵऱუ ऄΔࠀ࿯ղݺৰڍऱቔᚐፖ्ࡳΖឈᎅݺԫऴړ࡛ڔൕୌᇙࠐऱॾ֨Δ܀ڔᒔኔ

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࿯Աݺ૿ኙآࠐਗᖏऱট௛ፖॾ֨ΔڂڼݺՈუ៶ထຍଡᖲᄎ᝔᝔ڔΖ

റ֨ીԺ࣍ᓵ֮ऱຍ੄ழၴΔൣፃ᜔ਢᙟհದದ௬௬Δړڇൕ೏խࠩՕᖂऱ ړٵᖂΕړ֖ࣛᓐࡵᘊΔڶထ᥯ᓵֺ᝛গ૨ऱՑթא֗堚ཐऱ৸ሁΔ᜔ਢ౨ജᔞ ழലݺඑנׄߡڞΔࢨਢᄕ৫ऊໜΕᑊᤥऱൣፃխΖ۞Օᖂאࠐݺଚঁፂ਍ထԫ ದሎ೯ऱ฾ክΔߩᇾൕխإધ࢚ഘΕՕڜཤࣥֆႼא۟؀ՕீႼΔ։ࠆԱ๺ڍࢨ إᆖΕࢨԶ࠳ΕࢨݶᑗΕࢨ؈ᆵऱࠃढፖტ࠹Δ੡ݺऱ؀Օسෑᏺ෌Ա๺ڍੴ၆ ऱڃᖋΔՈݦඨݺଚא৵ᝫ౨ڶԫದሎ೯ऱᖲᄎΖ

ೈԱ׀ئ؆Δݺऱ՛ࡤࡤஎࢢਢ੡ݺᓵ֮ᖙ່ڍ֨ऱԳΔڇტ᝔հ塒Δࡤࡤ ٵழଫ᥽୮அΕՠ܂Εᖂᄐऱψግ߆ωট௛ΔՈਢݺ఩᣽۞աऱ່ړ዆ᑌΔݦඨ ݺ౨ൕڔऱߪՂᖂ฾ࠩਗᖏ۞աऱট௛Δא֗լឰᖂ฾ऱ壄壀Ζ

່৵Δݺ૞᝔᝔ݺऱ୮ԳΔ֠ࠡਢݺऱटटააΔהଚԫֱ૿ᖜᐡݺऱᓵ֮

ၞ৫Δԫֱ૿Ծᖜ֨הଚऱᣂ֨ᄎګ੡ݺᚘԺऱࠐᄭΔլឰڇࠟጟ֨ൣၴ੡ᣄΔ ຍ੄ழၴటऱਢ߬ે܃ଚԱΔՈ᝔᝔܃ଚԫऴԫऴ࿯ݺऱ֭਍Ζ

౨ႉܓݙګຍᒧᓵ֮Δݺऱփ֨ڶৰڍტ᝔Δߪᢰऱஃ९Ε֖ࣛΕٵᖂΕٵ ࠃຟԫऴլၴឰچᣂ֨ΕቔᚐݺΔኙ܃ଚΔటऱڶ๺ڍऱტ᝔ΔլਢԿߢࠟ፿ࢬ ౨।ሒΔ܀ૻ࣍ᒧ༏༉ᓮ଺ᓪݺլԫԫഀټી᝔ԱΖ

!!!!

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ύЎᄔा ύЎᄔा

ύЎᄔा ύЎᄔाǺ Ǻ Ǻ Ǻ!!!!

ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ኙ࣍ا׌ࠫ৫ऱუቝΔऴ൷ا׌ፖזᤜا׌ྤጊ๠࣍٠ᢜऱࠟጤΔۖা࣍ֆ ٥ࠃ೭ऱՏᙰᆄፃΔא֗ֆاڦᅻऱֲൄ۩࿓੷۟ࢬᘯऱψਙएܐዣωΔזᤜا

׌࣍ਢګ੡່׌ੌऱا׌ݮڤΖྥۖᅝזᤜا׌࿇୶ࠩᄕીழΔথՈڶլജૹီ

ֆاਙए۩೯ऱ౒؈Δլႛڶᡶֆا౨Ժऱ࿇୶ΔஎՈڶ୭ਙएࠫ৫ऱ᡹ࡳΖʳ ڇזᤜا׌ऱຍࠄޅܒृհխΔൎԺ஭ᓡψԳا׌ᦞω଺ঞऱᗝබྤጊਢઌ ᅝໃנऱԫۯΔהࢬ༼נऱऴ൷ا׌ࠫ৫ޓኙ৵׈ڶ෡᎛ऱᐙ᥼Δ࣍ਢء֮ԯא

ࢆ௽೷ΕਲዿΕ֣ড࿛೶ፖا׌෻ᓵ୮੡ࠏΔᨠኘᗝබ෻ᓵኙהଚऱױ౨ᐙ᥼Δ ࠀᕧඨՠ܂໱ࢬا׌Εഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠ៴ቹΕൎا׌ࠫ৫࿛ٺጟݮڤऱ೶ፖا׌

᧯ࠫΔ౨ജᨃ฾࣍זᤜا׌ࠫ৫ऱ෼זԳ৸ەਢܡױ౨ආ۩׼ԫጟᣂ֨ޓڍΕ೶

ፖޓڍऱਙए᧯ࠫΖʳ ʳ

ᜢᗖຒ ᜢᗖຒ ᜢᗖຒ ᜢᗖຒǺ Ǻ Ǻ Ǻ!!!!

ᗝබΕ೶ፖا׌Ε۞ݺጥ෻ΕਙएפயრᢝΕഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠΕൎا׌ʳ

!!!! !!!!

^ʳ

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Abstract:

Direct democracy and representative democracy are definitely in the extreme

ends of the political spectrum, when talking to the imagination about political institutions. Due to the complexities and amounts of public affair, representative democracy becomes the most popular political institution. However, when

representative democracy is over-developed, the ignorance of public actions is not only retarded the self-development of citizens, but also harmful to the stability of the political institutions.

Among the critics of representative democracy, Jean-Jacques Rousseau is the most outstanding one. His direct democracy greatly influence latter scholars and politicians.

So I try to observe the political theories of G. D. H. Cole, Carole Pateman and Benjamin Barber, to see how and to what degree they are influenced by Rousseau.

Hoping these forms of participatory democracy: workplace democracy, Guild

Socialism and Strong Democracy, can inspire modern people to think about a kind of different political institution which can allow citizens to care more, participate more.

Keyword:

Rousseau, Participatory Democracy, Self-management, Political Efficacy, Guild Socialism, Strong Democracy

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Ҟᒵ Ҟᒵ Ҟᒵ Ҟᒵ!!!!

ʳ

Ցᇢࡡ୉ᐉࡳ஼ʳ

፾᝔ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˼ʳ խ֮ኴ૞ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˼˼ʳ

૎֮ኴ૞ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˼˼˼ʳ รԫີʳ ፃᓵʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˄ʳ ԫΕઔߒ೯ᖲऱݮګહནʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˄ʳ ԲΕംᠲრᢝʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˇʳ ԿΕઔߒؾऱʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˊʳ

؄Εີᆏڜඈʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˋʳ รԲີʳ ᗝබਙए৸უऱ່ึؾऱʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˄˃ʳ

ԫΕᗑمΕ۞طۖݶᑗऱ۞ྥԳʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˄˄ʳ ԲΕԫጟቝ࿨ٽছԫᑌ۞طऱ࿨ٽݮڤʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˄ˈʳ ԿΕ׌ᦞृ୶෼რݳऱֆاՕᄎʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˅˃ʳ

؄Ε՛࿨ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˅ˋʳ รԿີʳ ਲዿऱഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠ៴ቹʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˆ˄ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԫΕᗝබڇ෼זऱॾஈΛʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˆ˄ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԲΕഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠ៴ቹʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˆˆʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԿΕਲዿፖᗝබऱ෻ᓵᣂຑʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˈ˃ʳ ร؄ີʳ ࢭ٣ඔ৵ऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵ୮Κࢆ௽೷ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˈˈʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԫΕࢆ௽೷հ࣍೶ፖا׌෻ᓵʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˈˈʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԲΕࢆ௽೷ፖᗝබऱ෻ᓵᣂຑʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˈˌʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԿΕতཎࢮ֛ऱֆا۞ݺጥ෻ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˉˊʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ؄Ε՛࿨ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˊˉʳ รնີʳ ֣ডऱൎا׌෻ᓵፖࠫ৫ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˊˌʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԫΕ۞ط׌ᆠا׌ࠫ৫ΰஇا׌αʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˋ˃ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԲΕอٽا׌ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˋˈʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ԿΕൎا׌෻ᓵΕࠫ৫ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˋˌʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ؄Ε֣ডፖᗝබऱ෻ᓵᣂຑʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˄˃ˇʳ รքີʳ ࿨ᓵʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˄˃ˊʳ

೶ە֮᣸ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ˄˄ˈʳ

!!!!

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รԫີ รԫີ

รԫີ รԫີ ፃᓵ ፃᓵ ፃᓵ ፃᓵ

΋ ΋

΋ ΋ǵ ǵ ǵ ǵࣴز୏ᐒޑ׎ԋङඳ ࣴز୏ᐒޑ׎ԋङඳ ࣴز୏ᐒޑ׎ԋङඳ ࣴز୏ᐒޑ׎ԋङඳ!!!!

ኙ࣍෼ז࿪Օຝ։ഏ୮ۖߢΔط࣍چ෻़ၴ༏୉ᐈᐖΔՈط࣍ֆاڦᅻऱ

ֲൄ۩࿓Δԯ฾אזᤜڤا׌ЁۖॺֆاᘣԺᘣ੡Δ۞ݺمऄΕ۞ݺอएऱऴ൷ ا׌Δ܂੡ࠡਙएࠫ৫ऱ׌૞ଅᎎΖ¹׼ԫֱ૿ΔጻᎾጻሁषᄎऱᇷಛᡨ੦Εᇷ ಛመሉΰover-loadedαΔא֗٤෺֏ழזխΔࠃढᓤᠧ৫Εܺᣄ৫ઃՕ੡༼֒ऱ ࠃኔΔՈࠌֆاኙ࣍ֆ٥ࠃ೭ऱ໏ٚ౨Ժໂ࠹ᔆጊΔޓၞԫޡچףൎԱψऴ൷ا

׌լࠠױ۩ࢤΔᚨאזᤜڤا׌࠷ۖזհωຍᑌᓵ૪ऱൎ৫ፖإᅝࢤΖ

ਢਚΔᅝا׌᧯ࠫΕا׌ഏ୮ຍࠟଡဲნנ෼ழΔ෼זԳࢬᜤუࠩऱا׌ݮ ڤؘྥਢψਙए壄૎ิ៣ਙ᤻Δຘመࡳཚᜰ۩ऱֆؓΕֆၲᙇᜰΔ࠷൓ࠠڶެ࿜

ᦞԺऱਙए៭ۯωຍᑌऱזᤜڤا׌ࠫ৫ΖԲृၴ෻ࢬᅝྥऱຑ࿨Δݯ࢕זᤜا

׌ਢഄԫऱا׌ࠫ৫Δথ࢙ฃԱڇਙए৸უႚอխΔᒔኔᝫژڇထፖזᤜڤا׌

ઌኙऱऴ൷ا׌෻ᓵΔ²׌്ֆاᚨᇠຘመᗨᄕ೶ፖֆ٥ࠃ೭Δࠐኔᔌ۞ݺอएΕ

۞ݺኔ෼ຍᑌऱ෻უΔۖॺലֆ٥ࠃ೭ຟࡡطਙ᤻Εਙए壄૎๠෻Ζ

ᅝྥΔזᤜڤا׌ᒔኔᖑڶᚌႨΔ౨ജޓڶயچ๠෻๵ᑓΰچ෻ΕԳՑαം

ᠲΕֆاྤᄈ೶ፖംᠲΔྥۖΔط࣍ז।๯ᎁ੡ྤऄటإچז।ԳاΔ³א֗ڇ

1

2

Joseph A. Schumpeter

2001 28-30

3

(8)

෼۩ऱזᤜا׌ࠫ৫խΔᙇᜰԫ؟࿨ޔԳاঁৰᣄ٦ኙചਙृऱ۩੡ขسٚ۶ᐙ

᥼Δ٦ףՂֆاऱ೶ፖᖲࠫآ౨ࠫ৫֏Εآᓿղֆاެ࿜ԫࡳࣅޔԺ࿛౒؈Δז ᤜا׌ࠫ৫խऱԳاլ٦ਢᗝබณխऱψ׌ᦞृωΔۖ෠੡ኔᎾრᆠՂऱψ๯อ एृωΔኙਙ࿜ᤜ࿓ΰpolicy agendaαΕਙ࿜ެࡳΕֆ٥۩೯࿛ຟྤ౨੡ԺΕྤᐙ

᥼ԺΖ

ਢਚΔኙऴ൷ا׌ऱᖑᥨृۖߢΔזᤜψا׌ωࠡኔࠀլا׌Δޓ࿪ॺԫጟ ױ඿ऱਙएࠫ৫Δฅຶڇڼጟࠫ৫խΔՕຝ։ऱਙएᦞԺΕ׌ᦞᦞԺຟ๯ਙ᤻Ε ਙए壄૎ࢬ༳༽ΔԳاೈԱڇދปֲ߷֚ެࡳലֆ٥៭ۯבղ۶Գ؆Δࠡהழଢ ຟ׽౨ښऄΕጐᆠ೭Εࠆ࠹ഗءᦞܓլ࠹ॿحऱ۞طΔۖྤऄኙֆ٥ਙ࿜Εֆ٥ ࠃ೭ขسެࡳࢤऱᐙ᥼Ζ⁴

ឈྥזᤜا׌ࠫ৫ऱຍࠄ౒؈ڰբ੡෼זԳࢬ฾ክΔ੷۟ޓڶࠄലհီ੡ྤ

ױᝩ܍Ε෻ࢬᅝྥΔ܀ԳଚڶழսՈլᆃ৸౉Κᣄሐا׌᧯ࠫঁ׽౨ਢຍጟᑌᎎΔ

ۖྤऄւ๺Գاڇࠡխފዝޓૹ૞ऱߡۥΔᖑڶޓڍऱ೶ፖᖲᄎΛᣄሐֆاߪٝ

ΰcitizenshipαຍଡᄗ࢚լᚨᇠڶޓ᠆দऱփොΔۖլ׽ਢრ࠺ထ௣ᄕ۞طऱঅ ᎽΕڶૻऱ೶ਙᦞΛᣄሐመװ᤭૪ऴ൷اᦞ੷ԺऱᗝබΔࠡ෻ᓵ׽౨๯ီ੡լ֊

ኔᎾऱ़უΔ⁵ۖྤऄ༼ࠎݺଚԫࠄᄅऱ৸ەֱٻΛԾᣄሐᗝබא૾Δ޲ڶࠡה

৸უ୮਍ᥛᓵ૪ऴ൷ا׌Δࠌࠡ౨ፖᅝזषᄎ൷ٽΛԾᣄሐᜰ׈޲ڶୌଡഏ୮Ε

A

…

1920 32-34

4

5

(9)

چ೴ΔམᆖᇢထᨃԳاڶޓڍऱ೶ፖᖲᄎΔ༳༽ޓڍऱެ࿜ᦞԺΛ

լመΔᕣጥऴ൷ا׌ऱ෻უৰભړΔᗝබ࿝Հ߷ଡ՛ഏኒاΕԳԳ࢖ڼઌᢝΕ ᑷფၢߺΔֆ٥ࠃ೭݁طࢬڶԳᘣԺᘣ੡ऱषᄎޓਢחԳ֨سអ࢓Δ܀ొጰऱऴ

൷ا׌ࠫڰբ࿪ᇾڍழΔ⁶چᐖԳᆈऱ෼זഏ୮ޓྤױ౨ሒګψࣚൕऄ৳ऱԳՈ ਢࠫࡳऄ৳ऱԳωΔ੷۟طࢬڶֆاᔚੌנٚֆ៭ຍᑌऱ෻უΖਢਚء֮ឈא्

ࡳऴ൷ا׌੡נ࿇រΔথᚵאრᆠለࠠᐘࢤΔઌኙۖߢױ۩ࢤለ೏ऱ೶ፖا׌੡

ᓵ૪ኙွΖ

ઌለ࣍೶ፖڤا׌Δऴ൷ا׌ऱࡳᆠለ੡ᣤ௑Δࠡխࠀլւ๺ז।ژڇΔૉ

ॺࢬڶऱऄ৳ઃطֆا۞ૡΔࠌԳا൓אψ۞աอए۞աωΔঁྤऄጠ൓Ղਢऴ

൷ا׌ࠫΖ۟࣍೶ፖڤا׌Δឈྥ׌്ֆاᗨᄕ೶ፖֆ٥ࠃ೭Δ܀থॺྤऄፖז ᤜا׌٥ژΖངߢհΔං೯೶ፖا׌რլڇᐒೈז।Δۖਢݦඨڇ෼۩ऱזᤜا

׌௃ਮՀΔֆا౨ജ೶ፖޓڍऱֆ٥ࠃ೭Δۖࢬ೶ፖֆ٥ࠃ೭ऱᐋڻՈ౨ޓ೏Δ אཚৱֆاᆖط೶ፖ۩೯Δ࿇୶۞ݺ౨ԺΔࠀၞۖ۞ݺኔ෼Ζ

ᅝྥΔ೶ፖا׌ऱᚌႨΕؾऱլႛַ࣍ڼΔ֭਍ृٍཚઐ៶ထ೶ፖֆ٥ࠃ೭Δ ױאᨃֆاऴ൷।ሒᨠរΔ྇֟ڂխտृۖسऱױ౨ށڴΖڼ؆Δޓױኙਙࢌݮ ګ጑ᅮΔᝩ܍ֆا׽ڶڇᙇᜰֲ߷֚ᅝ׌ᦞृΔࠡהழଢຟ׽ਢ๯อएृऱޅေ

հᜢΖൕຍଡᨠរ઎ࠐΔ೶ፖڤا׌إီז।ژڇऱؘ૞ࢤΔࠀאڼ੡ছ༼Δ࿇

୶נޓቝਢᇖךΕףൎΔۖॺ࠷זזᤜا׌ऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵΖ

ૉ૞א೶ፖڤا׌܂੡׌૞ᓵ૪ኙွΔঁᏁ૞٣࿯ղψ೶ፖωᄗ࢚堚ᄑऱ੺

ࡳΔࠀ᠖堚۶ጟ۩೯᥆࣍ء֮ࢬᘯऱ೶ፖΖԫ౳ۖߢΔֆاڇ٥ࡉഏհխΔࢬ౨

೶ፖऱֆ٥ࠃ೭ᒤ໮ᐖऑΔൕၢߺऱࡲඒᐜࠢԯ۟ᙇᜰ๕լਢ೶ፖΙ܀༉ء֮ࠐ ᎅΔࢬਐ௫ऱ೶ፖ۩೯ᚨᇠႛૻ࣍ਙए೶ፖΔץܶֆاၴऱֆ٥ኙᇩΕދปᙇᜰΔ

6

2001 27

(10)

א֗܂ګެ࿜հ৵ऱਙए۩೯Ζਙए೶ፖթਢ೶ፖڤا׌່ૹီऱு֨೶ፖ۩

੡Δۖ೶ፖا׌ᓵृհࢬא׌്ֆا೶ፖΔՈਢഗ࣍ᖑڶެ࿜ᦞԺऱֆاΔ౨ജ

៶ထ೶ፖਙएެ࿜መ࿓Δᖂ฾ࠩߪ੡ֆاࢬᚨࠠໂऱا׌౨ԺΕ৸ፂΔך։࿇୶

۞ա֚ᓿࠠڶऱ౨ԺΕݛᨠ۞աऱီມΖ

Β Β

Β Βǵ ǵ ǵ ǵୢᚒཀ᛽ ୢᚒཀ᛽ ୢᚒཀ᛽ ୢᚒཀ᛽!!!!

ڕ࣠૞ᓫ೶ፖڤا׌෻ᓵΔৰᣄլၴ൷Εऴ൷چ֧شΕ᤭૪ᗝබऱا׌෻

ᓵΔထټऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵ୮ࢆ௽೷ΰCarole PatemanαঁམᎅΚψᗝබױጠ൓Ղਢ ԫۯנᣊࢸဇऱ೶ፖ෻ᓵ୮ΔۖԱᇞהڇπषᄎৈપᓵρխࢬ༴૪ਙएࠫ৫ऱء ᔆΔኙ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵۖߢਢᄕࠡૹ૞ऱωΰࢆ௽೷Δ1970Κ22αΖհࢬאᄎီᗝබ

੡ૹ૞ऱ೶ፖ෻ᓵ୮Δࠀڕڼૹီࠡ෻ᓵኙ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵऱಥ᣸Δԯط࣍ڇࢆ௽

೷઎ࠐΔᗝබऱᖞଡਙए෻ᓵ᧯ߓຟڶᘸֆاኙਙएެ࿜Δא֗ٺጟֆ٥ࠃ೭ ڕΚ஭ᓡഏ୮Εଥ৬ᖯᑚΕച۩ऄ৳࿛ऱᘣ۞೶ፖΖ

ڂ੡ૉॺኙຍࠄֆ٥ࠃ೭ऱ೶ፖΔֆاലྤऄᑷფ۞աऱ׀లհഏΔྤऄᎁ ٵषᆢऱᖵ׾֮֏Δྤऄፖࠡהٵઽขسᜤᢀტ…ΔՅڼΔ݁ലᖄીψ׌ᦞृω ຍଡႃٽ᧯ྤൕנ෼Δᗝබ෻ᓵྤൕࠉॵऱൣݮΖ⁷٦ृΔೈԱኙԳاऱ֨෻ข سᐙ᥼Δࠌ׌ᦞृ൓אݮګΔֆا೶ፖެ࿜ழኙਙࢌࢬขسऱࣅޔԺΔՈਢᗝබ ᖞଡا׌ࠫ৫ऱژᥛᣂ᝶ΔૉॺڕڼΔਙࢌലࠉ༛֚ࠡࢤΔԫޡޡᗳኆ଺ء׽᥆

࣍׌ᦞृऱ׌ᦞΔၞۖᖄીਙए᧯ऱڽՋΖࢬאഗ࣍೶ፖڇᗝබऱ৸უ᧯ߓխފ ዝԱڕڼு֨Εᣂ᝶ऱߡۥΔࢆ௽೷۞ྥലᗝබ౏Ե೶ፖا׌෻ᓵऱೄᛜΖ

7

nationalism

(11)

׼ԫֱ૿Δࢆ௽೷հࢬאڕڼૹီᗝබኙ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵऱಥ᣸ΔՈਢڂ੡ᗝ බऱا׌෻ᓵ೗๻ڇࠫ৫ሎ܂ࡉଡԳऱ֨෻௽ᔆΕኪ৫ၴΔژڇထ਍ᥛऱյ೯ᣂ এЁࢬא೶ፖڶܗ࣍ല଺ءᗑمऱଡԳ᠏֏੡ψֆاωΔۖֆاՈ౨៶ထ೶ፖᖂ

฾ࠩߪ੡ֆاࢬᏁऱ౨ԺΕݾ؏ΰࢆ௽೷Δ1970Κ27αΖഗءՂΔᗝබຍଡኙ࣍

೶ፖפ౨ऱ೗๻ڰբ๯ᅝזऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵ୮ࢬ൷࠹Δࠀຘመኙ೶ፖ۩੡ऱၞԫ ޡኔᢞઔߒΔ࿇୶נ᠆༄ऱ෻ᓵփොΔګ੡೶ፖا׌෻ᓵኙᅝזऱا׌෻ᓵऱૹ

૞ಥ᣸Ζ

ྥۖᕣጥ๯ီ੡೶ፖا׌෻ᓵऱૹ૞໺ഗृΔᗝබऱا׌෻ᓵխথԾژڇထ

֜መ෻უ֏Εශլݔ࠰ऱԫ૿Δຍࠌ൓הऱ෻ᓵ๯ຝٝᓵृီ੡լ֊ኔᎾΔྤऄ ڃᚨ෼זषᄎऱᏁ૞Δۖᣄאګ੡ψڶشऱω෻ᓵΖ

ڇπषᄎৈપᓵρխΔᗝබམലਙए᧯ֺ੡Գ᧯Δਐנਙए᧯ૉ૞౨۩೯Δ ԫլ౨౒֟ԺၦΰforceαΕԲլ౨౒֟რݳΰwillαΔࠡխഏ୮ऱ۩ਙᦞԺਢച۩

۩೯ழࢬᏁऱԺၦΔۖمऄᦞԺঁਢެࡳ۩೯ऱრݳԱΰSC,3:1αΔངߢհΔ៶ طمऄᦞԺࢬຏመऱऄ৳Δ٥ٵ᧯ެࡳڕ۶ಳޣ٥ٵ᧯ګمऱؾᑑЁ۞طΕؓ

࿛Ζۖኙ٥ٵ᧯ڕڼૹ૞ऱمऄᦞԺऱូ᥆Δא֗مऄᦞԺऱሎ۩ֱڤΕሎ۩๵

ঞ࿛Δঁਢᗝබ෻ᓵխ່௽נΕ່լݔ࠰ऱຝٝΖ

ڇᗝබऱਙए෻ᓵխΔऄ৳ਢֆრऱإڤ।෼Δ܀ֆრ׽᥆࣍׌ᦞृຍଡ٥ ٵ᧯Δྤऄ᠏ᨃΕ։໊ط֟ຝ։ֆاז।Δڂڼᗝබઌᅝഒ਍ψمऄᦞԺ᥆࣍٤

᧯ֆاΔഄڶᅝԳاፋႃದࠐΔ׌ᦞृթ౨۩೯ωຍଡ଺ঞΰSCΔ2:1,2:2,3:1,3:15αΖ ՈڂڼΔᗝබऱا׌෻ᓵݙ٤ܡᎁԱז।ژڇऱױ౨ࢤΔང؁ᇩᎅΔᗝබܡᎁז

।ࢬࠫࡳנऱऄ৳Δᄎਢֆრऱ।෼Δڂڼᗝබא੡ᅝԳا࣋ඵمऄᦞԺΔ۝ࣚ

࣍ψז।ωࢬࠫࡳנऱऄ৳ழΔהଚঁլ٦۞طԱЁޓ۶उᅝԳاլ٦۩ࠌمऄ ᦞழΔਙࢌᝫᄎ៶ᖲᗳኆ᥆࣍Գاऱ׌ᦞΔᖄીਙए᧯ऱڽՋΰSC,3:10,3:11αΖ ᗝබऱຍଡ۞ݺمऄ଺ঞڶԺچ֭਍Ա೶ፖا׌෻ᓵΔ܀ܡᎁז।ژڇऱإ ᅝࢤΕױ౨ࢤຍរΔথԾࠌᗝබऱا׌෻ᓵ׽౨ᔞشڇԳՑ๵ᑓΕՒچ๵ᑓ݁ڶ

(12)

ૻऱഏ୮խΔ⁸׼؆Δ٦ףՂֆاؘႊᖑڶߩജऱၵᄈழၴ೶ፖֆاՕᄎຍរΔ ޓᖄીᗝබ෻ᓵऱኔشࢤՕՕ૾܅Δฅຶᜰ׈հխΔฤٽຍࠄයٙऱഏ୮౨ڶ༓

ଡΛۖڦᅻऱ෼זֆاԾಡ౨ࡳཚΕ᙮᜗چ೶ፖֆاՕᄎᤜࠃΕمऄΛ

ਢਚΔශլݔ࠰ऱ۞ݺمऄΰself-legislationαΕ۞ݺอएΰself-governmentα

଺ঞΔګ੡ᗝබا׌෻ᓵऱ௽נհ๠Δ܀থՈإਢڂ੡ຍଡ௽ۥࢵીլ֊ኔᎾΕ լױ۩ऱޅေΔฅຶ෼זषᄎৰᣄ٦ڃࠩመװ߷ᑌ໢ొΕ՛ীऱልᄐषᄎΖۖڇ

׼ԫֱ૿ΔᗝබኙֆاՕᄎऱഒ਍ΔՈࠌהऱ෻ᓵྤऄڃᚨݦඨञ࠷ޓڍ೶ፖᖲ ᄎऱ෼זԳΖ

܀ᗝබ෻ᓵࠀլڂڼۖ؈װૹ૞ࢤΔהऱऴ൷ا׌෻ᓵࠉ៱ᐙ᥼ထ৵ᤉृΔ ࠏڕڶԳٵრᗝබኙ೶ፖऱ઎ऄΔۖא༼֒ֆاऱ೶ፖ੡աݳΙڶԳࢭ᦭ᗝබኙ

׌ᦞᦞ৖ऱᨠរΔۖቔᚐٺጟݮڤऱދปΔאᝩ܍ਙࢌᗳኆ׌ᦞΙՈڶԳאᗝබ ऱഗءᄗ࢚੡ഗ៕Δ࿇୶נᔞٽ෼זषᄎऱ೶ፖ෻ᓵΖۖೈԱڇ෻ᓵᐋ૿ऱᐙ

᥼Εඔ࿇؆Δᅝڶഏ୮ᇢቹڇזᤜا׌ፖ೶ፖا׌ၴ࠷൓ԫଡޓړऱؓᘝរழΔ ᗝබऱ෻ᓵՈױ౨ڇಳ༈ऱመ࿓խΔऴ൷Εၴ൷چขسࠄ๺ᐙ᥼Δ੡ഏ୮ਐ֧נ ԫࠄױ౨ऱֱٻΕሐሁΖ

ࢬאإڕࢆ௽೷ࢬߢΔԱᇞᗝබڇπषᄎৈપᓵρխࢬ༴૪ऱਙएࠫ৫Δא

֗הا׌෻ᓵऱഗء೗๻Εሎ۩଺ঞΔኙࢬڶઔߒ೶ፖڤا׌ृۖߢΔຟᄎਢԫ

ႈૹ૞ᓰᠲΔฅຶڕਲዿΰGeorge D. H. Coleαऱഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠΔՈਢ৬ዌڇ ᗝබ೶ፖ෻ᓵऱഗءᄗ࢚հՂΰPateman, 1970Κ35-36αΔ٦ၞԫޡଥإΕ࿇୶ګ

੡ڃᚨᅝזᏁ૞ऱ෻ᓵΕࠫ৫Ιۖቝᖑڶګᑵ໌ࠫΕᓤެࠫ৫ऱᅗՓΔڇࠡਙए

ࠫ৫ऱ࿇୶መ࿓Ոឆપױߠᗝබऱᐙ՗Ζ

ڂڼΔ٦ၞԫޡۖߢΔࢨ๺ൕ।૿Ղ઎ࠐΔᗝබᣤ௑ऱ۞ݺمऄΕ۞ݺอए

଺ঞΔڇ෼זषᄎ౒׎ኔᔌऱױ౨ࢤΔ܀ૉլࣅࣽ࣍௽ࡳࠫ৫Δۖ׽࠷ࠡ壄壀Ε

8

(13)

ഗء଺ঞΔ⁹ઌॾਢڶᖲᄎᖕא໌ທנᔞٽ෼זषᄎऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵ֗ࠫ৫Δਝ ౨ኔᔌψ׌ᦞڇاω଺ঞΔᨃԳا܂۞աऱ׌ԳΔ۞աอए۞աΙՈ౨ڶயچᓿ ղֆاޓڍऱ೶ፖᖲᄎΖ¹⁰ࢬא࿝ृא੡ᗝබا׌෻ᓵࠀॺլױ۩Δኙ෼זषᄎ Ոࠀॺ٤ྤრᆠΖޓ۶उΔڇጻᎾጻሁΕຏಛދป࿛ᄅՠࠠ࿇୶ګᑵ৵ΔՈ౨א ᣊۿψᒵՂֆاՕᄎωΕψᒵՂދปωऱࠫ৫ڜඈΔᆵኔᗝබ෻ᓵխᣂ࣍ֆاՕᄎΕ ֆاދปऱ๻ૠΔࠌࠡګ੡߻ַਙࢌᗳኆ׌ᦞऱᖲࠫΖ

Ο Ο Ο

Οǵ ǵ ǵ ǵࣴزҞޑ ࣴزҞޑ ࣴزҞޑ ࣴزҞޑ!!!!

إڂᗝබऱا׌෻ᓵլᙟழזऱ᧢ᔢۖᘞۥΔ֘ۖᝫኙᅝזऱ೶ፖا׌෻

ᓵΕࠫ৫Δࠠڶઌᅝૹ૞ऱრᆠ֗ᐙ᥼ԺΔء֮ԯᚵᛀီਲዿΕࢆ௽೷Ε֣ড ΰBenjamin Barberα࿛Կۯ৵ᤉᖂृऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵΔᨠኘהଚऱᖂᎅߒຶ࠹ࠩ

ᗝබ෻ᓵڍ֟ऱᐙ᥼Δۖڇ۶ጟ࿓৫ՂהଚԾ൷࠹Աᗝබऱഗء଺ঞΕᄗ࢚Δࠀ ڇຍଡഗ៕Ղ࿇୶נ᥆࣍۞աΕᔞٽ෼זषᄎऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵΔࠌᗝබڇπषᄎ

ৈપᓵρխࢬ༴૪ऱਙएࠫ৫ڶԱኔᔌऱױ౨Ζ

ڇઌᣂऱਙएࠫ৫ՂΔਲዿ༼נഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠΰGuild SocialismαΔ׌്ᇞ ዌᅝছऱՕীՠᄐषᄎΔࠉ༛פ౨଺ঞࠀޏאפ౨ቸ᧯੡໢ۯૹዌषᄎΔܓشྤ

ᑇऱഗዿ௽Εֆष༼ࠎֆاޓڍऱ೶ፖᖲᄎΔᨃֆا൓א೶ፖެ࿜መ࿓Δऴ൷।

ሒ۞ߪᨠរΕ጑ᅮז।Ζࢆ௽೷ঞ៶طઔߒতཎࢮ֛ऱՠᐗا׌ΰIndustry DemocracyαΔ᧭ᢞਙएפயრᢝፖ೶ፖ෷ၴژڇထإઌᣂΔۖၲ࣋ՠԳ೶ፖΔ

9

10 …

(14)

ࠌࠡ۞ݺጥ෻ٍլીჾ֗ิ៣ய෷Δא֭਍೶ፖا׌հױ۩ፖױ඿Ζ֣۟࣍ডঞ

࿇୶נאભഏषᄎ੡હནऱൎا׌Δݦᕧຘመࠫ৫ՂऱڜඈΕޏ଀Δআၞֆاၴ

਍ᥛլឰऱኙᇩΔ໌ທנԫଡאኙᇩ੡ு֨ऱ೶ፖীषᄎΖຍଡၲ࣋ऱ೶ፖীष ᄎΔೈԱ౨ࠌֆا।ሒᨠរΕኙਙࢌݮګ጑ᅮ؆ΔՈڶܗ࣍ֆاऱ۞ݺጥ෻Δ۞

ݺ౨Ժऱ࿇୶Δࠀᓿղषᄎޓڍऱ੒ԺΖ

៶طᛀီਲዿΕࢆ௽೷Ε֣ড࿛Կۯऱ೶ፖ෻ᓵΔء֮ݦඨױאൕխ࿇෼ᗝ බኙ৵זਙएୃᖂઔߒृऱᐙ᥼Δᢞࣔᎅܛঁᗝබऱਙए෻ᓵΕਙएࠫ৫ڇ෼ז षᄎᣄڶኔᔌऱױ౨Δ܀הኙψ๯อएωऱᄕԺඈ؞Δא֗הኙڕ۶ψᨃଡԳڇ षᄎխΔՈ౨ቝڇ۞ྥणኪխԫᑌ۞طωऱ׌്Δ݁ኙ৵ᤉᖂृขسઌᅝऱᐙ᥼Δ ࠀຘመਲዿΕࢆ௽೷Ε֣ড࿛Գऱਙए෻ᓵא֗ࠫ৫Δᨃψ׌ᦞڇاωຍႈૹ૞

଺ঞΔڇᅝזषᄎڶԱᆵኔऱױ౨ΖՈᢞࣔᎅܛঁᅝվऱழזહནΕषᄎᑌᎎ݁

բ૮ฆ࣍ᗝබࠡழΔ܀೛Օ৸უ୮ऱᖂᎅਢլᄎڂڼۖᘞۥመழΔսྥࠠڶ෡᎛

ऱᐙ᥼ԺΖ

Ѥ Ѥ Ѥ

Ѥǵ ǵ ǵ ǵക࿯Ӽ௨ ക࿯Ӽ௨ ക࿯Ӽ௨ ക࿯Ӽ௨!!!!

ഗ࣍Ղ૪ऱઔߒ೯ᖲΕઔߒؾऱΔء֮ലڜඈີᆏڕՀΚ

รԫີΚፃᓵΖᎅࣔء֮ઔߒ೯ᖲऱݮګહནΕംᠲრᢝऱփොΕઔߒؾऱΔא

֗ີᆏڜඈΖ

รԲີΚᗝබऱ෻ᓵ᧯ߓΖءີലᛀီᗝබऱ෻ᓵ᧯ߓΔ៶ط௉෻ᗝබ෻ᓵխᣂ

࣍೶ፖऱ৸ሁΰഗ៕Ε׌്Ε௽ࡳუऄαΔࠐ܂੡৵ᥛᓵ૪ऱഗ៕Δס

᧩ᗝබፖԿۯ৵ᤉृၴऱᣂᜤΔࠀ៶ڼٽ෻֏۶אء֮ᄎᙇᖗਲዿΕࢆ

௽೷Ε֣ড܂੡೶ፖا׌෻ᓵऱ׌૞ᓵ૪ኙွΖ

รԿີΚਲዿऱഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠ෻ᓵΖءີലאਲዿऱπഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠૹ૪ρ ΰGuild Socialism Re-Statedαԫ஼܂੡׌૞֮ءΔ׼۸אࠡπਙए෻ᓵ

(15)

ߓอρΰTheories and Forms of Political Organizationαԫ஼Δא֗ࠡהᖂ

ृኙਲዿ෻ᓵऱઔߒ֮᣸Δࠐ൶ߒਲዿࢬ༼נഗዿ௽षᄎऱഗء଺ঞΕ ሎ܂ֱڤΔࠀ᠖堚ਲዿፖᗝබ෻ᓵၴऱᣂᜤΔאᛵᇞ੡۶ࢆ௽೷ᄎጠਲ ዿਢലᗝබ෻ᓵሎشڇ෼זᛩቼऱԳΖ

ร؄ີΚࢆ௽೷ऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵΖءີലאࢆ௽೷ऱπ೶ፖࡉا׌෻ᓵρ ΰParticipation and Democracy Theoryαԫ஼܂੡׌૞֮ءΔ۸אࠡהᖂ

ृኙࢆ௽೷෻ᓵऱ෻ᇞΕޅܒΔࠐ৬ዌנࢆ௽೷۞ߪऱ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵΔ ࠀൕխᨠኘڔኙᗝබ෻ᓵऱࢭᤉΕଥإຝٝΔאၞԫޡ᠖堚ᗝබا׌෻

ᓵኙ෼זषᄎࢬױ౨ڶऱඔ࿇Ζ

รնີΚ֣ডऱൎا׌෻ᓵΖءີലא֣ডऱګټז।܂πൎا׌Κᄅழזऱ೶

ፖীਙएρΰStrong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Ageα੡

׌૞֮ءΔԱᇞאኙᇩ੡ு֨ऱൎا׌ࠫ৫ऱഗء೗๻Ε଺ঞΔࠀ׊ኙ ൎا׌ፖஇا׌Ёזᤜڤا׌෻ᓵฃ܂ֺለΔࠌᦰृޓ౨ࣔػࠡխऱ஁

ฆΖᅝྥΔءີٍലᤉᥛ൶౉֣ডኙᗝබ෻ᓵऱᨠኘΕࡳۯΔޓၞԫޡ

᧭ᢞᗝබኙᅝז೶ፖ෻ᓵऱᐙ᥼Ζ

รքີΚ࿨ᓵΖءີ׌૞ਢូ౏Ε᜔࿨٣ছ؄ີऱᓵ૪Δ༼נᗝබ෻ᓵኙᅝזष ᄎऱრᆠΔא֗ኙᅝזऱזᤜا׌ࠫ৫༼נԫࠄ৬ᤜΔࠌֆاڶޓڍ೶

ፖֆ٥ࠃ೭ऱᖲᄎΖ

(16)

ಃΒക

ಃΒക!! !! !! !!ᐽఖ ᐽఖ ᐽఖ ᐽఖࡹݯࡘགྷ ࡹݯࡘགྷ ࡹݯࡘགྷ ࡹݯࡘགྷޑനಖҞޑ ޑനಖҞޑ ޑനಖҞޑ ޑനಖҞޑ!!!!

!!!!

ڇאᗝබऱਙए৸უ੡ᓵ૪ኙွऱฒڍ֮ີխΔլᓵ׌ᠲਢᣂ࣍٤რݳʳ ΰgeneral willαऱࢤᔆΔࢨਢ֚ྥ۞طΰnatural freedomαΕֆا۞طΰcivic freedomα

ࠟጟ۞طᄗ࢚ऱᚌ٭Δᝫਢᗝබऱਙएࠫ৫ڜඈፖऴ൷ا׌ၴऱᣂຑΔ݁ڶઌᅝ

ֺࠏؘႊ๠෻ࠩᗝබ৸უ᧯ߓխऱ۞ྥणኪΕ۞ྥԳΰnatural manα࿛ᄗ࢚Δۖ

܂ृଚ੷۟ޓᄎאຍຝ։ऱᓵ૪܂੡֮ີഗ៕Δၲ୶נ৵ᥛᓵ૪Ζʳ

ڼԯڂ੡ᗝබኙ۞ྥणኪΕ۞ྥԳऱუቝЁࢨᎅਢᗝබࢬࠥრᓿղຍԲृऱ ᄗ࢚փොΔݮګԱᗝබᖞଡ෻ᓵ᧯ߓऱഗ៕Ζإڂထኙ໢ొኒ඿Δࡸآ࠹֮ࠩࣔ

ፍ֏Δࠀ׊ᖑڶ֚ྥऱᗑم۞طΔࠠໂటإփڇݶᑗΰinner happinessαऱ۞ྥ

Գऱអ࢓Δᗝබթᐊנτᓵઝᖂፖᢌ๬υΕτᓵԳᣊլؓ࿛ऱದᄭࡉഗ៕υΕτᓵਙ एᆖᛎυΕπषᄎৈપᓵρ࿛ԫߓ٨ထ܂Ζ ۖڇᗝබᖂᎅխઌᅝૹ૞ऱ٤რݳΔ

ঁਢᗝබ੡ԱᇞެԳڇषᄎխΔڕ۶ቝڇ۞ྥणኪխԫᑌ۞طΔࢬ༼נऱ๻ૠΖ

۟࣍πषᄎৈપᓵρΕπंᥞਙࢌᓵρ࿛ထ܂խऱਙएࠫ৫ڜඈΔޓਢ੡Աኔᔌֆ اऱᗑمΕ۞طۖ๻Δݦᕧ៶ط೶ፖֆاՕᄎΕႃ᧯۩ࠌ׌ᦞΔࠐᝩ܍᎛ᠦ۞ྥ

णኪऱԳଚΔՈٵழ᎛ᠦԱ۞طΕᗑمΕݶᑗΖʳ

ਢਚ૞ᓫᗝබऱ٤რݳΕਙएࠫ৫ڜඈ࿛Δؘ൓٣෻ᇞהኙ۞ྥणኪΕ۞ྥ

Գऱ༴૪Δֱ౨ኙࠡ෻ᓵ᧯ߓऱ່ึ෻უڶ堚ᄑᎁवΙՈթ౨ᖕא൶ߒڇᗝබ෻

ᓵխࡺૹ૞چۯऱ٤რݳΕ׌ᦞΕֆاՕᄎ࿛ᄗ࢚ऱრᆠΕפ౨Εૹ૞ࢤΔۖլ

۟࣍ᎄᇞԱᗝබΖʳ

ء֮ڇ᤭૪ᗝබ৸უኙᅝז೶ፖا׌෻ᓵऱᐙ᥼ழΔྤױᝩ܍چᄎ๠෻ࠩᗝ

11

Salkever, 1977 204

solitary walker

(17)

බᓿղਙएࠫ৫ऱؾऱΔא֗ਙएࠫ৫๻ૠऱփ୲࿛ംᠲΔۖᇨڕאՂࢬߢΔຍ ࠄᄎڶઌᅝ࿓৫࠷ެ࣍ᗝබኙ۞ྥणኪΕ۞ྥԳऱუቝΖਢਚΔءٍ֮ᚵൕڼ๠

୶ၲᓵ૪Δא܂੡৵ᥛփ୲ऱഗ៕Ζʳ

ʳ

΋ ΋

΋ ΋ǵ ǵ ǵ ǵʳʳʳʳᐱҥ ᐱҥ ᐱҥǵ ᐱҥ ǵ ǵԾҗԶז኷ޑԾฅΓ ǵ ԾҗԶז኷ޑԾฅΓ ԾҗԶז኷ޑԾฅΓ ԾҗԶז኷ޑԾฅΓ!!!!

ʳ

ڇ๺ڍထ܂խΔᗝබլឰچ।෼נኙ۞ྥणኪऱ໛ფΔא֗ኙ۞ྥԳऱᄕ৫

ංശΖຍਢڂ੡ڇᗝබऱუቝխ۞ྥԳऱ֨ᨋ৸ፂࡸآᛧ൓࿇୶Δהଚᝫ޲ڶ౨ Ժၞ۩ઌᅝ࿓৫ऱࢼွ৸ەΔۖ壆ڕֺለհ֨Ε݊ݲհ֨࿛ᄎᐙ᥼۩੡ΔીࠌԳ ᣊञൎ೐໏Δດޡ᎛ᠦ۞ྥणኪऱ৸ە౨ԺٍآམနسΔࢬאڇڼழԳᣊս౨অ ڶፖسଟࠐऱ໢ొΕైᖦΖʳ

ڂ੡ࡸྤऄၞ۩ᓤᠧऱࢼွ৸ەΔԳᣊመထᣊۿᆢᡬЁᅝྥԳᣊᒔኔՈਢᡬ ᣊऱԫጟЁऱس੒ֱڤΔ׽ޣየߩഗءऱ۪ଇᄵ堷ΔኙהଚۖߢΔ׽ڶ۞աΕ׽

ڶᅝՀթਢڶრᆠऱΔࢬאהଚ޲ڶ୮அऱᄗ࢚ΔլᄎڶኙਤֲऱಳᖋΔՈ޲ڶ ኙآࠐऱྐඨΔהଚࢬڇრऱ׽ڶᅝՀᏁޣऱየߩΖਢਚᏁ૞ྤᑇזԳᆖ᧭Εཕ ᐝีᗨۖګऱ֮ࣔΔڇڼழᝫྤऄᛧ൓࿇୶ΔԳଚࠉ៱መထψມ᨟ωऱس੒ֱڤΔ

܀থՈڂڼլી๯֮ࣔࢬፍ֏Δآᨃᖂ۞֮ࣔऱመ৫ဠ堸ॴሗԱᐚࢤΰvirtueα ऱ࿇୶Δ݋ᡶԱᨋᏒऱԺၦࡉ੒ԺΙՈլᄎڂ੡ᖂ฾ઝᖂΕᢌ๬࿛֮ࣔΔۖ⑐႞

ࡸࣳΕړᖏऱ௽ᔆΔ؈װᓡᥨ۞աऱء౨ΰᗝබΔ˄ˌˌˊ˴Κ˄ˆˇʿ˄ˆˋʿ˄ˇ˅ʿ˄ˇˆʿ˄ˈˊʿ˄ˉˉαΖʳ ٦ृΔڇ۞ྥणኪխՈآڶᢌ๬Ε៖ᆏ࿛֮ࣔࠐຯႿԳଚऱኪ৫ᜰַΔ޲ڶ ඒᄎהଚאဎۖլኔऱߢ፿ൽ堸ൣტΔࢨਢאᇘᑓ܂ᑌऱ۩੡໑࠷הԳऱ໛ფΔ Գଚս౨অڶᔆᖦথ۞ྥऱሐᐚΰmoralαΖۖՈڂ੡षᄎऱଅঋ฾ክࡸآݮګΔ Գଚլᄎ๯ൎ૰ᙅښઌٵऱ๵ᒤΔլؘ୭ࢢ।෼נటإऱ۞աΔ౨ജᙅ༛փ֨ऱ ᜢଃΕტൣ۩೯Δڇԫߢԫ۩խ୶෼టإऱ۞ݺΖਢאޢଡԳຟױא᎘࣐چ઎ઠ

࢖ڼΔ堚ᄑवሐ۞աਢڇࡉչᏖᑌऱԳٌؚሐΔՅڼΔೈԱڶܗ࣍ଡԳ૿ኙటኔ

(18)

ऱ۞ա؆ΔՈڶܗ࣍ଡԳऱ۞ݺঅژΰᗝබΔ˄ˌˌˊ˴Κˊʿˋʿ˄ˉʿ˄ˋʿ˅˅αΖ ʳ

ڇᗝබຍଡאᡖ៱հൣጠቈլբऱ۞ྥणኪխΔԳଚ໢ొΕᔆᖦΔ׽ڶ១໢

ऱس෻ᐥඨৱየߩΔۖլᄎ޵޵ᛜᛜ࣍ةྤַጐऱ؆ڇढᔆᐥඨΖױאᎅΔຍࠄ լᄎڂ੡ᐥඨլ౨የߩۖ؈ඨ࢛৿ΔՈլᄎڂመ৫᜕࣋۞աტࡴࠆ࠹Δۖીఐᔡ ጞऱԳଚڇᗝබ઎ࠐਢৰݶᑗऱЁܛঁהଚլਢࠆڶ່ڍऱᑗᔊΰpleasureαΔ ڇ

۞ݺঅژՂࢨ๺Ոլਢ່ګפऱΔ܀ط࣍הଚڇ۞ߪऱᏁޣΰneedsαΕԺၦ ΰpowerαၴ౨ജሒࠩؓᘝΔࢬאהଚլᄎڂ੡փ֨ऱլؓᘝΰ඿ޣྤऄ൓ࠩየ ߩαۖტࠩ࿀ેΕ࿪ඨΔઌ֘ऱΔהଚ౨ፂ਍փ֨խ֚سऱؓࡉΕኑᙩΔࠆ࠹ᐋ ڻޓ೏ऱψփڇऱݶᑗωΰ˼́́˸̅ʳ˻˴̃̃˼́˸̆̆αΰ˦˴˿˾˸̉˸̅ʿʳ˄ˌˊˊΚ˅˅ˇαΔۖຍΔՈਢᗝ බᎁ੡່ױ၆ऱणኪΔ່ଖ൓ಳޣΕੴ൦ऱ෻უΖ

ʳ

ڂထ໢ొΕኒ඿Δ۞ྥԳլᄎڶ၌נ۞ߪԺၦࢬ౨֗ऱᏁޣΔࢬאהଚՈլ

ؘګ੡ᐥඨऱ؉ជΔװუֱ๻ऄچᏺף۞ߪԺၦΔ޵޵ᛜᛜ࣍ಳޣةྤየߩױ౨ ऱᏁޣΔۖᖄીփ֨޲ڶԫࠥऱؓᙩΕڜኑΖޓլᄎڇ۞աྤԺየߩᐥඨऱൣݮ ՀΔ᠏ۖ؆ޣהԳऱԺၦΕᇷᄭΔݦᕧᖇ៶ထהԳऱࠎ࿯ࠐየߩ۞ߪྤַጐऱᏁ ޣΖڕڼլႛױࠌ۞ྥԳൄঅݶᑗ۞൓Δޓױᒔঅ۞ྥԳ֚سऱᗑمΕ۞طणኪΔ ᨃהଚլؘٛᘸהԳᏗஒΙ੷۟ڇڂࠉᘸۖسऱլኙጠᦞԺᣂএխΔ෠੡ڶᦞԫ

ֱऱ؉ជЁլ٦౨ࠉ༛۞աऱრݳ۩೯Δؘۖႊࠉॵ࣍הԳհՀΔאࣚൕΕኔᔌ

12

1997

The Discourses and Other Early Political Writings.

13 Steven G. Salkever happiness pleasure

enjoyment sentiment feeling

sensation

Salkever,1978 35-38

14 Salkever

political obligation Salkever, 1978 28

(19)

ψ׌Գωऱრݳ੡۩೯ᄷঞΰᗝබΔ˄ˌˌˊ˴Κ˄ˈˉʿ˄ˈˌαΖʳ

ᅝྥΔլኙጠᦞԺᣂএऱګڂլ׽ԫጤΔೈԱଡ᧯੡የߩᏁޣΔۖ᠏ٻࠉॵ הԳ؆ΔᅝԳଚऱࢼွ৸ە౨Ժᛧ൓࿇୶Δψآࠐωၲࡨࠠڶრᆠհ৵ΔԳଚᄎ

੡Աֲ৵ऱࠆ࠹ܻۖᗨ២ଇΕᇷᄭΔࠀᇢထ۾ᖕ଺ءֆڶ٥ࠆऱᇷᄭΔ৙ጠਬჇ ՒچΕਬལᖫֵऱขנ᥆࣍۞աΔۖᅝࡺྥڶԳॾࣚຍᑌऱߢᓵழΔߏڶತขࠫ

ঁڶԱ່ॣࡨऱ࿇୶ΔԳᣊՈᙟհດޡ᎛ᠦ۞ྥणኪΖ࣍ਢΔ۞ྥणኪխऱؓ࿛

ٍլ༚ژڇΔ ለ੡ൎ݇Εለ੡ᜣࣔΕ֚ᓿለ೏ऱԳΔ౨ജᗨีለהԳޓڍऱᇷ ᄭΔࠀᖇ៶ထຍࠄᇷᄭ૰ࠌהԳګ੡۞աऱ؉ជΔאࣚࠊ۞աΕ੡۞աีᗨޓڍ ऱತขΖ଺ءڇ۞ྥणኪխچۯؓ࿛ऱԳଚΔڇषᄎխၲࡨڶԱ׌ԳΕ؉ជհܑΖʳ

ྥۖΔᣄሐ׽ڶ؉ជਢࠉᘸԳऱԫֱΛ׽ڶ؉ជਢ؈װᗑمچۯΕ޲ڶ۞ط ऱΛۖսྥڶ߷ᏖԫᆢԳΔױאঅڶ۞ྥणኪխऱᗑمΕ۞طΕݶᑗΛຍរ༉ᗝ බۖߢ࿪ॺڕڼΔהᎁ੡߷ࠄᖑڶ๺ڍತขΔא੡۞աਢࠡהԳ׌ԳृΔֺದࠡ

הԳࠡኔޓਢ؉ជΖڂ੡הଚؘႊڇઌᅝऱ࿓৫ՂࠉᘸܑԳΔᔾထࠡהԳऱ໎

೯ΕבנΔࠐየߩ۞աڇଇΕ۪Ε۰Ε۩࿛ֱ૿ऱ壆ڍႰᐥΖਢਚΔࠉᘸ࣍׌Գ ऱࡐྥਢ؉ជΔ܀׌ԳՈڇ׼ԫᐋრᆠՂࠉᘸהԳΔՈਢ؉ជΖ࣍ਢᗝබ઎ࠐष ᄎणኪխ׽ߠ؈װ۞طऱ؉ជΔԳଚڇ۞ྥणኪխࢬམԫ৫ࠆڶऱ۞طڰբլߠ

᠋ᐙΖΰᗝබΔ1997aΚ˄ˉ˄ʿ˄ˊ˃ʿ˄ˊ˄ʿ˄ˊ˅αʳ

᜔࿨אՂΔױאൕᗝබኙ۞ྥणኪΕषᄎणኪऱ։ܑඖ૪խΔ࿇෼הኙ۞ྥ

णኪऱ्ࡳΕអ࢓Δ׌૞ຟਢထณ࣍۞ྥԳࢬࠆڶऱݶᑗΖהࣲᓾהଚ໢ొΕ࣐

የߩऱ֨ᨋΔլᄎڂྤᒡጐऱᐥඨᦀࠌΔۖᣄאᛧ൓ழࠥऱኑᙩΕؓࡉΖ੷۟ڂ

੡լམᖂࠩψ֮ࣔԳωऱဠ堸Εᇘᑓ܂ᑌΔ۞ྥԳࢬ।෼נࠐऱΕ૿ኙऱຟਢ່

15

(20)

టኔऱ۞աΖਢאᕣጥآམ࠹ࠩψඒ֏ωΔ۞ྥԳऱس੒ֱڤΕ۩੡ᜰൻথ౨ฤ ٽᗝබኙڶᐚࢤृऱუቝΖ࣍ਢփ֨ؓࡉ׊ݶᑗΔ౨ജ୶෼۞ݺऱψ೏၆ऱມ᨟

ԳωΔঁאڼګ੡ᗝබ෻უխ່ݙભऱ዆ᑌΙ۟࣍೏၆ऱມ᨟ԳࢬᖑࠐऱݶᑗΔ ঞޓਢᗝබԫسࢬીԺಳޣऱΖ ʳ

ೈԱࣲᆡ۞ྥԳऱݶᑗΔൕᗝබኙषᄎणኪऱᓵ૪խΔٍױᨠኘࠩהኙଡԳ

۞طΕᗑمऱഒ਍Ζߪ੡ৈપᓵृΔᗝබፖᙥؒཎΕ੖܌݁׌്Գᣊਢא۞ᣋૡ પऱֱڤ࿨ٽΔ܀ፖԲृլٵऱਢΔᗝබޓഒެچ஭ᓡԳᣊڇषᄎणኪխऱ۞

طΖ࣍ਢڇπषᄎৈપᓵρԫ஼խΔᗝබམਐנהऱᐊ܂ؾऱΕषᄎৈપࢬ૞ᇞ

ެऱ௅ءംᠲΔԯਢΚʳ

ा൨פр΋ᅿ่ӝޑ׎ԄǴ٬Ѭૈаӄ೽ӅӕޑΚໆٰፁៈکߥም؂ঁ่ӝ ޣޑΓيک଄൤Ǵ٠Ъҗܭ೭΋่ӝԶ٬؂΋ঁᆶӄᡏ࣬ᖄӝޑঁΓΞѝό ၸࢂӧܺவԾρҁΓǴ٠ЪϝฅႽа۳΋ኬޑԾҗȐSC,1:6ȑǶ ʳ

ᕣጥՈٵრԳᣊհࢬא᡽ૡषᄎৈપΔᣋრ࿯۞աף壆ਬࠄ۩੡ՂऱૻࠫΔ ݙ٤ਢഗ࣍۞ݺঅژऱ෼ኔەၦΔᗝබথլٵრڂڼ໌๻ऱψਙࢌω Εषᄎ৬

ࠫΰ̆̂˶˼˴˿ʳ˼́̆̇˼̇̈̇˼̂́αΔ੷۟ਢਙࢌխऱ۩ਙࡴΔঁ౨ജڕᙥؒཎ࿝Հऱܓፂࡖ౳

ᖑڶශྤૻࠫऱᦞԺΖ ઌ֘ऱΔᗝබൎ௺׌്Գᣊհࢬא࿨ٽګԫଡ٥ٵ᧯Δ

16 Dominic Stefanson

Rousseau’s Reveries: the Juvenile Independence of the Solitary Walker

17 Jean-Jacques Rousseau

1987 24

18 government

king prince SC,3:1

19 Leviatan

(21)

ԯਢࠉൕထ֚سऱ۞ფհ֨Δ੡Ա۞ݺঅژΕᏺף۞ߪ壂ઘΖڂڼषᄎणኪխऱ ԳଚΔԫࡳ૞መထֺ۞ྥणኪޓړऱس੒Δ਍ᥛঅڶ߷ࠄᚨ੡ࢬڶԳࢬੴ൦ფᥨ ऱ௽ᔆΚᗑمΕ۞طΕݶᑗΔܡঞԳଚԾ۶ؘๅᠦ۞ྥणኪΔ࿨ٽګԫଡ٥ٵ᧯Λ ڂ੡ܛঁ۞ྥणኪ٦৻Ꮦլܓ࣍سژΔԳଚս౨א۞աऱრݳ੡۩೯ࠉូΔս౨ ڇሖࠩהԳུରழ੡۞աۖᖏΔ܀ૉԫ؟۝ࣚ࣍ܓፂࡖΔԳا༉టऱ׽ਢψ۝

اωΔ ׽౨ڕతՂູۚ౳ٚԳ୬໊Ζۖຍᑌऱणኪڇᗝබ઎ࠐ᎛լڕ۞ྥणኪΔ ࢬאהམא጑ጂխऱ؅حֺᚵ֮ࣔषᄎऱԳଚΰ˦˖ʿʳ˄ˍ˅ʿʳ˄ˍˇαΖʳ

ψݶᑗω๯ Salkever ᎁ੡ਢᗝබ෻ᓵ᧯ߓऱ່ึؾऱΔࠠໂإᅝࢤऱਙए᧯

ءߪࠀլࠠڶ֜ՕऱრᆠΔࠡᏝଖጤီਢܡ౨আၞԳᣊऱݶᑗΰ˦˴˿˾˸̉˸̅ʿʳ˄ˌˊˋˍʳ

˅ˋαΔࢬאࢨ๺ױאᎅΔڇᗝබऱ෻ᓵխψਙ᧯ऱإᅝࢤωֹኑޓቝਢԫጟՠࠠΖ ٵᑌऱΔ࿝ृא੡ଡԳऱᗑمΕ۞طΔڇᗝබ෻ᓵխࠡኔՈࠠڶٵᑌऱრᆠΔհ ࢬאੴီଡԳऱ۩೯Εრݳ۞طΔ஭ᓡլ๯הԳอएΕ؉ݰऱᦞܓΔࠉྥਢ੡Ա ࠌषᄎणኪխऱԳଚΔս౨অڶڇ۞ྥणኪխऱݶᑗΙࠌהଚ౨ജႉൕထ֚سऱ

۞ფհ֨Ёޣ۞অΕޣࢉ壂Δܡঞૉਢ؈װ۞طΔ׽ਢ๯อएΕ๯ᅝګ؉ជऱԳ ଚԾڶ۶ࢉ壂Εڶ۶ݶᑗױߢΛʳ

ʳ

Β Β

Β Βǵ ǵ ǵ ǵʳʳʳʳ΋ᅿႽ่ӝ߻΋ኬԾҗޑ่ӝ׎Ԅ ΋ᅿႽ่ӝ߻΋ኬԾҗޑ่ӝ׎Ԅ ΋ᅿႽ่ӝ߻΋ኬԾҗޑ่ӝ׎Ԅ!!!! ΋ᅿႽ่ӝ߻΋ኬԾҗޑ่ӝ׎Ԅ

ʳ

ൕګټ܂Ёτᓵઝᖂፖᢌ๬υԫ֮ၲࡨΔᗝබ༉ආ࠷ԱፖழԳઌؐऱم໱Δ ԺຫઝᖂΕ֮ࣔլႛྤ墿࣍Գ֨ඒ֏Δ֘ۖᝫᄎኙሐᐚڶჾΔࠀࠌԳᣊլ༚۞ྥ

णኪխऱ໢ొΕݶᑗΙۖ࠹መ֮ࣔ៷ຯΕ౜࣍ၝᑗऱԳଚΔޓྤऄ਍ᥛঅڶམڇ

۞ྥणኪխᖑڶመऱᗑمΕ۞طΖ੡Աڃ༚Գଚڇ۞ྥणኪխࢬམᆖᖑڶऱݶ ᑗΔۖլ׽ਢۘؾՑᆮᐥඨየߩऱԫழݶტΔᗝබڇထ܂խԺຫ۞ྥणኪհױ ၆Δࠀޅေ֮ࣔኙԳᣊᐚࢤࢬݮګऱࢩ୭Δא֗լ٦໢ొኒ඿Εլ٦౨૿ኙటኔ

20 citizen

SC,1:6

(22)

۞ݺऱԳଚΔڇኔᎾՂਢڕ۶چլݶᑗΖʳ

੡ԱބڃԳᣊڇ۞ྥणኪխऱݶᑗΔ堚֨ኒ඿Εڶᐚࢤࡐྥਢؘ૞Δ܀Գଚ ౨ܡፂ਍ᗑمΕ۞طՈਢԫଡૹ૞ڂైΔฅຶڇᗝබऱ৸უխΔψݶᑗऱ؉ជω

ࠠڶ᧤ᙀՂऱ᠄ᎄΔ௅ءਢլױ౨ژڇऱΖࢬאᗝබམڇπᓵԳᣊլؓ࿛ऱದᄭ ࡉഗ៕ρΕπषᄎৈપᓵρ࿛ထ܂խΔൕٺଡ૿ٻᏍ؞؉ជᦞऱ౶᠄ፖլٽ෻Δ׌

്Գᣊᚨ਍ᥛঅڶ۞ྥणኪխऱᗑمፖ۞طΔഄڶଡԳ۞ᣋףՂऱૻֱࠫ੡ٽ

෻ΕإᅝΔۖଡԳհࢬאᣋრ࿯۞աਬࠄૻࠫΔঞਢഗ࣍۞ფհ֨Δ੡Ա۞ݺঅ ژΕᏺၞ۞ݺ壂ઘΰ˦˖ʿʳ˄ˍ˅ʿʳ˄ˍˇαΖʳ

ᕣጥᗝබՈٵრ٥ٵ᧯ऱᒬ࿨ΔਢଡԳ੡Աડధسژᛩቼૻࠫࢬ೚ऱ۞অ۩

೯Δ܀הথԾኙषᄎणኪΕઝᖂ֮ࣔڍࢬޅေΔ ኚኚᨬཆມ᨟Գ໢ొऱ֨ᨋΕ ךުऱ੒ԺΔאી֧ದٗዿ௠࿛ඔ፞৸უ୮ᆢದސհΔਐຂᗝබ੡ᜢټᑑᄅم ฆΔਚრආ࠷ፖฒԳઌ֘ऱم໱Δ੷۟ᝫቔᚐԳاڃࠩಀֻ堬ۨऱມᡬسෑΖʳ

ྥۖ࿝ृথא੡ᗝබኔᎾՂࠀլ֘षᄎΔޓլ֮֘ࣔΔឈྥམᙇᖗᝩ׈ឆ

ࡺΔ܀ࢨ๺߷׽ਢ堷࠹ސಗऱהᇢቹಲᠦ׈ঋޅܒΔޣ࠷֨ᨋኑᙩऱ।෼ۖբΖ ഗءՂΔᗝබսਢᎁٵषᄎऱิګڶؘࠡ૞ࢤΔڂ੡ૉॺڕڼΔଡԳԺၦբᆖৰ ᣄ၌။؆ڇऱسژॴԺΖਢਚܛঁԫֱ૿ޅေ֮ࣔፖषᄎणኪΔԫֱ૿Ծቈཆ۞

ྥणኪፖ๠࣍۞ྥणኪխऱଡԳΔᗝබऱ׌૞ؾऱᚨᇠᝫਢڇ࿯ղԳاԫଡᄅऱ

৸ەֱٻΚೈԱ෼۩ऱԳᣊ֮ࣔ؆Δਢᝫڶ׼؆ԫጟޓ໢ొΔ܀Ոޓݶᑗऱس੒

ֱڤΙۖೈԱ෼۩ψ๯อएωऱਙएࠫ৫؆Δਢᝫڶ׼؆ԫጟषᄎ৬ࠫױאᨃԳ اլ׽ਢ๯֭಻ऱߡۥΖʳ

ᗝබམᎅהऱᐊ܂ؾऱא֗षᄎৈપࢬ૞ᇞެऱ௅ءംᠲΔ༉ਢ૞༈ބנԫ ጟ࿨ٽऱݮڤΔࠌޢԫଡፖ٤᧯ઌ࿨ٽऱଡԳຟ׽լመਢڇࣚൕ۞աءԳΔࠀ׊

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սྥ౨ജψቝא࢓ԫᑌऱ۞طωΰ˦˖ʿʳ˄ˍˉαΖਢਚ࿝ृංᓵᗝබࠀॺუᄤඵԳፖԳ

ၴऱ࿨ٽΔࠌԳଚڃࠩࡰمΕյլઌ࢓ࠐऱ۞ྥणኪխΔۖਢუބנԫጟڶܑ࣍

ᅝழऱ࿨ٽݮڤΔࠌԳଚ౨ജঅڶ۞ྥणኪխऱ۞طΖʳ

ᄎאψ༈ބԫጟ࿨ٽݮڤΔࠌ࿨ٽृ౨ቝא࢓ԫᑌऱ۞طω܂੡৸ەऱ׌૞

ംᠲΔࢨ๺ਢڂ੡ڇᗝබ઎ࠐΔೈԱᄕ֟ᑇ٥ٵ᧯མאψֆاω܂੡׌᧯؆Δڇ Օຝ։ऱԳᣊषᄎխຟլߠֆاΔ׽ڶ੡ߏܓΕᐥඨࢬᦀࠌऱଡԳΔהଚլᣋრ

੡Աֆ٥ࠃ೭בנழၴΕ壄ԺΔۖኑᣋലمऄᦞຍႈૹ૞ऱ׌ᦞृᦞԺΔಜב࿯

֨խٺᡖߏ֨ऱψז।ωΖྥۖΔଡԳऱრݳಡ౨طהԳࢬψז।ωΛຍࠄ۞ᣋ ലمऄᦞಜב࿯ז।Δطז।ཙהଚ।ሒრݳΕ܂ެ࿜ऱԳଚΔࠡኔਢᨃ۞աګ Ա۝ࣚ࣍הԳრݳऱψ؉ជωΰ˦˖ʿʳˆˍ˄ʿʳˆˍ˄ˈαΖʳ

٦ृΔᕣጥᗝබՈᎁ੡۩ਙᦞլࡵط׌ᦞृᘣ۞۩ࠌΔۖᚨᇠࡡطԫଡࢨԫ ᆢ۩ਙࡴച۩Δ܀࿪Օڍᑇ٥ࡉഏኙ۩ਙࡴऱ൳ࠫΔথՈآ౨ሒࠩᗝබ෻უխᚨ ڶऱ࿓৫Δאી࿯Ա۩ਙࡴ᧗ኆ׌ᦞऱ़ၴΖ࣍ਢڇᗝබ઎ࠐΔ٥ࡉഏխ׽ໍՀ լ٦ࠠໂ۞طΕᗑمچۯΔ۝ࣚ࣍הԳრݳऱ๯อएृΔۖຍࠄ๯อएृঞԾਢ ޓၞԫޡ᎛ᠦԱݶᑗΖ੡Աށ᠏ຍᄕ৫լױ࠷ऱषᄎणኪΔᗝබԫֱ૿༼ଠ໢

ొΕᏠᖦऱس੒ֱڤΔאᇢቹ໦ڃଡԳڇ۞ྥणኪխऱݶᑗΙԫֱ૿Ոݦඨބנ הጟषᄎ࿨ٽֱڤΔࠌߪڇࠡխऱଡԳΔս౨অڶ۞ྥणኪխऱ۞طΕᗑمʳ ʳ ΰ˦˖ʿʳˆˍˇαΖʳ

੡Աᨃޢଡ࿨ٽृຟ౨ቝא࢓ԫᑌऱ۞طΔᗝබࠡኔ༼נԱԫଡݙᖞΰࢨ๺

ᠧڶؿએհ๠αऱ৸უ᧯ߓΖڇ्ᎁԱᐙ᥼Գᣊ۩੡ऱ۞ფ೯ᖲ৵Δᗝබڕٵࠡ

הৈપᓵृΔਐנԳᣊհࢬאޡԵषᄎणኪΔԯਢ੡Ա܌ࣚ۞ྥणኪխऱسژॴ ԺΔۖຘመ࢖ڼٽრެࡳ٥ิषᄎΖຍଡطࢬڶᒬપृࢬዌګऱषᄎΔڇᗝබ෻

ᓵխݯ࢕ࠠڶسࡎΔਢԫଡψሐᐚऱፖႃ᧯ऱω٥ٵ᧯Δ੡ޣ෍࣐ࣔᚩΔᗝබ੷

۟ޓၞԫޡലਙए᧯ֺ੡Գ᧯Ёਙए᧯ऱمऄᦞঞڶڕԳ᧯ऱრݳΔ۩ਙᦞঞڕ Գ᧯ച۩೯܂ऱԺၦЁਐנਙए᧯ऱ۩೯إڕԳ᧯ԫ౳Δؘႊط᥆࣍׌ᦞृ٤᧯

ऱمऄᦞ।෼რݳ৵Δ٦طਙࢌխऱ۩ਙࡴ૤ຂച۩ΰ˦˖ʿʳ˄ˍˉʿʳˆˍ˄αΖʳ

(24)

੡ԱᒔঅޢଡԳڇڼ٥ٵ᧯խຟ౨਍ᥛঅڶᐙ᥼ԺΔ່ૹ૞ऱࢨ๺ਢᝩ܍ᦞ Ժᣂএऱᄕ৫լኙጠΔא܍ਬຝ։Գΰۖॺ٥ٵ᧯ऱ٤ຝګ୉αঁױެࡳ٥ٵ᧯

ऱࡎሎΕߨٻΖڇ༼ଠ۞طΕؓ࿛ՂΔᗝබࢭᤉԱছᔘ৸უ୮ڇึ࿨؉ជֱࠫ૿

ऱຝ։ᓵ૪Δਝ֘Ꮝ؉ជᦞհ౶᠄ྤᒝΔՈ׌്ຆ༄஁၏լᚨመՕΖ ྥۖೈԱ ᘾᤉছԳऱຝ։ΔᗝබՈݦඨ៶ထᨃࢬڶԳյઌࠉᘸΰinter-dependenceαΔࠐข سषᄎؓ࿛ЁฅຶഄڶᅝࢬڶԳຟ๠࣍ؓ࿛ऱچۯழΔթᄎڶ۞طױߢΖਢਚᗝ බ׌്ڇ٥ٵ᧯ݮګऱ߷ԫঘ߷ΔଡԳ༉ؘႊٻ٥ࡉഏΰٍܛطࢬڶ࿨ٽृࢬዌ ګऱ٤᧯α࡚᣸נԫ֊ΔۖՈط࣍ଡԳऱسࡎΕತข࿛ԫ֊ຟࠉᖕ׌ᦞृऱܒឰ

࡚᣸࿯Աഏ୮Δࢬא٥ࡉഏऱޢଡ࿨ٽृຟᄎీڇઌٵऱمߩរՂΔᖑڶઌٵऱ ᦞܓΕᆠ೭Δ۟ڼΔᗝබאࠥრΕψԳՠωऱֱڤ፹ທԱषᄎؓ࿛ΰSC, 1:4, 1:6, 1:9, 2:4, 2:5αΖ

ط࣍ޢଡԳຟٻ٤᧯࡚᣸נԫ֊Δࢬאഄڶ٤᧯ֱ౨஭ᓡଡԳऱسࡎΕ۞

طΕತขΔՈഄڶ٤᧯ֱ౨ᏺၞଡԳऱ壂ઘΖངߢհΔܛ٥ࡉഏխऱޢଡԳຟؘ

ႊࠉᘸࠡהԳЁࢨृᎅࠉᘸطࢬڶԳࢬዌګऱ٤᧯Ёᖇ៶ထຍᑌऱֱڤΔᗝබᨃ ٥ࡉഏऱࢬڶګ୉յઌࠉᘸΔᨃהଚױא๠࣍ؓ࿛ऱچۯՂΔ޲ڶᓴޓࠠڶ֭಻

ਐࠌהԳऱᦞԺΖڕڼࠌ൓٥ࡉഏխऱޢଡԳຟ౨ജቝא࢓ԫᑌऱ۞طΔ²³׾ᚮ ۵ཤ੷۟ᎁ੡ᗝබڇπषᄎৈપᓵρխࢬ೚ऱຍႈቫᇢΔլױ৸ᤜچޏ࿳ԱԳଚ ऱ๠ቼΔᨃषᄎऱ࿨ٽृս౨ቝψଡԳω౳چ᜗ฐΕګ९ΰStefanson, 2004: 2αΖʳ

੡Աᝩ܍ᦞԺᣂএऱլኙጠΔᗝබޓ੡ૹ૞ऱಥ᣸ࢨ๺ਢ៶ထലਙए᧯ֺ໧

੡Գ᧯Δࠐ׌്ഄڶᅝࢬڶ࿨ٽृຟ೶ፖࠡխழΔ٥ٵ᧯թጩਢژڇΔթࠠڶس ࡎΖإڕԳ᧯ਢطࢬڶᕴࡴิګΔլਢਬຝ։ऱᕴࡴΕิ៣ঁױᇆጠψԳ᧯ωԫ ᑌΔࢬאܛࠌ׽ਢ֟ԱԫଡԳऱრݳ೶ፖࠡխΔ೚נऱެࡳՈլᄎਢψ٤᧯ωऱ

22

23

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რݳ।ሒΔ ڂ੡ڇڼழΔ٥ٵ᧯ࠀլژڇΖʳ

٥ٵ᧯ࢬڶऱ࿨ٽृ๯ီ੡ԫଡႃٽ᧯Ёٍܛਙए᧯խ۟೏ྤՂऱ׌ᦞ

ृΔۖڼႃٽ᧯ΰ׌ᦞृαऱრݳঁਢ٥ٵ᧯ऄ৳ऱࠐᄭΔ៶ڼᗝබ൓אංᓵנ ٥ٵ᧯ऄ৳ऱࠫૡΔؘႊᆖطࢬڶԳऱ೶ፖΔࠀ׊।قრݳΔฅຶഄڶޢଡګ୉

ຟ೶ፖࠡխழΔ׌ᦞृթᄎנ෼Δۖऄ৳Ծ׽լመਢ׌ᦞृრݳऱ୶෼Ζഄڇᓵ ૪׌ᦞृࢤᔆழᏁ૞௽ܑࣹრऱਢΚܛࠌޢଡԳຟਢ׌ᦞृΔהଚথՈ׽ਢ׌ᦞ

ृຍଡႃٽ᧯ऱԫ՛ຝ։ۖբΔ޲ڶٚ۶ԫଡ໢ᗑऱԳΕࢨਢԫᆢԳױא৙ጠה ଚਢ׌ᦞृΰ˦˖ʿʳ˄ˍˊʿʳ˅ˍ˅ʿʳ˅ˍˉαΖʳ

ᒔمԱऄ৳ਢ׌ᦞृრݳΰ٤რݳΚ˺˸́˸̅˴˿ʳ̊˼˿˿αऱ୶෼ΔۖԾഄڶᅝࢬڶ Գ೶ፖࠡխΔ׌ᦞृթࠠڶسࡎऱ଺ঞ৵Δᗝබ൷ᥛױ౨૿ኙऱംᠲਢΚଡԳਢ ܡױאലრݳࡡطהԳ۩ࠌΔࠀᖕڼ৙ጠהऱრݳࠀآڇެ࿜ழ౒ஂΔۖਢຘመ ψז।ωז੡।ሒΛངߢհΔܛمऄᦞਢܡլؘطޢԫଡԳᘣ۞۩ࠌΛࡐྥᗝබ א੡ച۩׌ᦞृრݳΰऄ৳αऱ۩ਙᦞΔױאΕ່ړլط׌ᦞृ۩ࠌΔۖࡡಜ۩

ਙࡴז੡ച۩Ζ܀੡׌ᦞृრݳ।ሒऱمऄᦞΔᗝබথॺൄഒ਍լ౨ࡡطהԳ۩

ࠌΔٍܛޢଡ࿨ٽृຟؘႊګ੡೶ፖ׌ᦞᦞ৖۩ࠌऱֆاΔᘣ۞।ሒ۞աऱრ ݳΕ೶ፖऄ৳ऱࠫૡΔॺڼΔऄ৳ঁլਢ׌ᦞृრݳऱ୶෼ΔՈլګ੡ऄ৳ԱΖʳ

ᣂ࣍ຍଡ଺ঞΔᗝබࢬ༼נऱᇞᤩઌᅝ១໢Δ܀Ոᄕ੡ڶԺΖԫঞהᎁ੡რ ݳ᥆࣍ଡԳࢬڶΔਢྤऄ᠏ᨃ࿯הԳΔࢨਢطהԳז।Δڂڼψז।ωਢ࿪ኙլ ױ౨ڕڗ૿Ղऱრො౳ז।הԳΖ٦ृᅝଡԳլ٦ᣂࣹֆ٥ࠃ೭Δۖലمऄᦞࡡ طהԳ۩ࠌ৵Δຍࠄז।ޓױ౨אֆ٥ܓ墿ץᇘ۞աऱߏ֨Δ៶אຏመኙ۞աڶ ܓऱऄ৳ΔฅຶޢଡԳೈԱֆاߪٝ؆ΔՈٵழࠠໂڍጟߪٝΔՈڶထ᥆࣍ٺጟ ߪٝऱߏᐥΕߏܓ૞የߩΕಳޣΔۖຍࠄଡܑრݳຏൄԾֺψֆრωࠐ൓ൎ௺Ζ ਢאԫ؟ڶԱᖲᄎΔৰᣄঅຍࠄז।լᄎ၍ᖲݫᦞΔאየߩ۞աऱߏ֨ΰ˦˖ʿʳ

24 1

X 1/X

(26)

ˆˍ˄ˈαΖ ʳ

ਝྥऄ৳լመਢ׌ᦞृრݳऱ୶෼Δۖრݳऱլױ։໊௽ࢤԾࠌႛڶ࿨ٽ٤

᧯ऱ٥ٵრݳΔֱ౨ጠ੡׌ᦞृऱრݳΙ٦ףՂრݳऱլױ᠏ᨃΕլױז।௽ࢤΔ ࠌ࿨ٽृլ౨ല۞ߪრݳࡡطהԳז।Δᗝබ۞ྥංᓵנψࣚൕऄ৳ऱԳΔՈᇠ ਢࠫૡऄ৳ऱԳωΕψمऄᦞᚨូ᥆࣍׌ᦞृω࿛ශլݔ࠰ऱ଺ঞΖۖ੡Աኔ෼ڕ ਢ଺ঞΔᗝබऱਙएࠫ৫խڶԱψֆاՕᄎωΰ˴̆̆˸̀˵˿̌αຍᑌऱ๻ૠΕڜඈΖʳ ʳ

Ο Ο

Ο Οǵ ǵ ǵ ǵʳʳʳʳЬ៾ޣ৖౜ཀדޑϦ҇ε཮ Ь៾ޣ৖౜ཀדޑϦ҇ε཮ Ь៾ޣ৖౜ཀדޑϦ҇ε཮!!!! Ь៾ޣ৖౜ཀדޑϦ҇ε཮

ʳ

ૉᎅᗝබऱ٥ࡉഏאψ׌ᦞृω੡ு֨Δ߷ᏖֆاՕᄎࢨ๺ঁਢ٥ࡉഏխ່

ૹ૞ऱࠫ৫ڜඈΔڂ੡ֆاՕᄎԯਢ੡ᨃ׌ᦞृ୶෼რݳΕ۞ݺอएۖขسऱΖ ڇֆاՕᄎ״ၲழΔ٥ٵ᧯ऱ࿨ٽृᄎൕ๯೯Ε࠹อएऱ۝اߪٝΔ᠏֏੡ᗨᄕ

׌೯ऱψֆاωߪٝΔᘣ۞ڇֆاՕᄎխދป।ެऄ৳Εᛀ᧭۩ਙࡴऱച۩ګயΔ

៶ڼֆا൓אᆵኔ۞ݺอएΕፂ਍۞طऱ෻უΔՈױאᝩ܍ז।Ε۩ਙࡴܓشԳ ଚऱܐዣ᧗ኆ׌ᦞհኤΔൕۖࠌ٥ٵ᧯ऱسࡎΕ੒Ժ൓א࢏ᥛՀװΖʳ

ᕣጥآམࣔᒔ๵ࡳֆاՕᄎऱ״ၲ᙮෷ΔᗝබথఎՀԱֆاՕᄎᚨࡳཚᜰ

۩Δۖ׌ᦞृყਢ੒ᥬऱഏ୮ΔֆاՕᄎՈᄎყ᙮᜗״ၲຍᑌऱඖ૪Ζڇᗝබ઎

ࠐΔֆاՕᄎլ໓׌ᦞृ୶෼۞աრݳऱ່ࠋ໱ٽΔڂڼΔਙࢌࢨ๺ᄎ៶ॴᐹֆ اՕᄎऱ״ၲΔࠐࠌ׌ᦞृ౒׎୶෼რݳऱ໱ٽΔۖዬ฾࣍ࣚൕהԳࢬຏመऱऄ

৳Ε๵ࡳΔᨃ׽ᚨ᥆࣍׌ᦞृऱ׌ᦞ੡ਙࢌࢬቚΖ ࢬאᣂ࣍ֆاՕᄎΔᗝබᎁ

੡ؘႊ૞ڇޢڣऱࡐࡳֲཚᜰ۩Δࠀ׊ᝩၲؑႃΕልڦ࿛ֲ՗Δאঁܓֆا೶ፖΕ

25

26

(27)

ᝩ܍ਙࢌࣆ࢏Ζʳ

ֆاՕᄎਢא।ެຍᑌऱࠟଡᤜᠲ܂੡ၲࡨऱΚψ׌ᦞृਢܡᣋრঅژ෼ڶ ऱਙࢌݮڤωΛψԳاਢܡᣋრᨃ߷ࠄؾছڇᖜ૤۩ਙຂٚऱԳᤉᥛചਙωΛڇ

ࠡ෻ᓵխΔᗝබኙمऄᦞΕ۩ਙᦞ܂Աࣔᒔऱ೴ሶΔਙए᧯ऱمऄᦞࡐྥ༉ቝԳ

᧯ऱ֨᦬ΔՈቝެࡳ۩೯ऱრݳΔࠠڶᄕ੡ૹ૞ऱრᆠΔ܀սᏁ૞۩ਙᦞԺऱյ ઌ಻ٽֱ౨ݙګԫႈ۩೯Ζڇຍֱ૿Δᗝබऱ๻ૠਢط٤᧯ֆاࢬዌګऱ׌ᦞृ

ڇֆاՕᄎխ۩ࠌمऄᦞΔ ៶ط।ެބנΕຏመ౨ജ֘ਠֆრऱऄ৳Ζ ڇڼழΔ ط࣍ऄ৳ऱ๵ࡳኙွ੡ԫ౳ΕࢼွΔࢬאࠃլᣂաऱֆاለ౨լ๯ߏԳൣტΕܓ 墿ࢬাΔऺ਍ထኙֆ٥ڶ墿ऱ଺ঞၞ۩مऄΔאຏመ౨ജঅژ٤᧯ࡉޢԫຝٝΔ ฤٽֆრऱऄ৳Ζʳ

܀ط࣍ऄ৳ڇച۩ழؘࡳᄎ௫֗ଡூऱ๠෻Δڂڼ੡ലᙟհۖࠐऱ৴ߏΕ૕

׊ऱᐙ᥼࿓৫૾່ࠩ܅Δᗝබᎁ੡׌ᦞृ່ړլ૞ᘣ۞۩ࠌ۩ਙᦞΔۖޏࡡಜ࿯

ਙࢌז੡ച۩Ζ ฅຶΔૉז੡ച۩׌ᦞृრݳऱਙࢌΕᒔঅऄ৳ᄎאإᒔݮڤ ሎ܂ऱਙࢌΔ׽ਢאז෻Գऱߪٝሎ۩ထΔ߷Ꮦսྥਢ׌ᦞ່৵ូ᥆ऱ׌ᦞृঁ

ױאీڇࠫ೏រ጑ᅮਙࢌΔऺ਍ࠡֆإྤߏऱრݳᘝၦऄ৳ऱച۩ګ࣠Ζ ೗ૉ

׌ᦞृԫ؟ᎁ੡ਙࢌڇച۩ழڶࢬ৴ߏΕೣ஁Δࢨਢ࿇෼ਙࢌڶ᧗ኆ׌ᦞऱრቹ

27

28

29

30

Matthew Simpson “ A Paradox of

Sovereignty in Rousseau’s Social Contract.”

(28)

ழΔਢױאᇞཋΕૹᙇചਙࡴऱΖڂڼݺଚࢨ๺ױאᎅΔ៶ထֆاՕᄎऱኔਜΔ א֗مऄΕ۩ਙԲᦞၴᣂএऱ੺ࡳΔᗝබല׌ᦞ߂߂چᕁࡐڇ׌ᦞृ֫խΔᝩ܍

׌ᦞ๯ቚΔ׌ᦞृ֘ۖګ੡۝ࣚהԳრݳऱψ؉ជωऱࡎሎΙՈᝩ܍Ա٥ࡉഏߨ ٻႜᙱऱࡎሎΰ˦˖ʿʳ˄ˍˉʿʳˆˍ˄˅ʿʳˆˍ˄ˆʿʳˆˍ˄ˇʿʳˆˍ˄ˉʿʳˆˍ˄ˊʿʳˆˍ˄ˋʿʳˇˍ˄αΖʳ

ڇಾኙٺጟֆ٥ࠃ೭ၞ۩।ެছΔב壆ֆ٥ಘᓵუؘਢլױࢨ౒ऱԫଡመ

࿓Δᅝྥಘᓵऱփ୲Εၞ۩መ࿓Ոؘᄎڇਬጟ࿓৫Ղᐙ᥼ࠩֆاऱދปრٻΔᐙ

᥼ࠩֆاऱދป࿨࣠Ζڂڼڇᓵ֗ֆاՕᄎழΔᗝබམᆖਐנՑթঁ࿯հԳ૞ֺ

լᖐߢဲऱԳΔ୲࣐ࠌ۞աೣړऱᙇႈ๯ܑԳࢬᎁٵΔၞۖሒګ۞աऱؾऱΖ׼

؆ΔᗝබՈམᖜ֨ڇֆاՕᄎऱಘᓵመ࿓խΔֆრᄎ๯ᆖመץᇘऱଡܑრݳࢬൽ

።Δᨃྤ౨ᙃܑऱֆاᎁլ堚టإऱܓ墿ࢬڇΔۖ೚נլܓ࣍٥ٵ᧯ऱެࡳΖࢬ א੡Աࠌ່৵ऱދป࿨࣠إਢֆრऱ୶෼ΔᗝබլႛຘመඒߛΕֆاࡲඒΕ᧯ߛ ᤁ᝛࿛৬ࠫഛ塄ֆاΔՈݦඨ៶ထᝩ܍੔ߓऱݮګΰૉڇྤऄᝩ܍੔ߓऱൣݮ ՀΔঞڶყڍ੔ߓყړαΔא֗ᒔঅֆاኙᤜࠃመ࿓Εփ୲ऱԱᇞ࿛ֱڤΔࠐጐ ױ౨چඈೈᤜࠃመ࿓խࢬױ౨࿇سऱᇷಛլኙጠΕ౨Ժլؓ࿛Δאޣެ࿜ऱ࿨࣠

ፖֆრਢઌฤٽऱΔਢڶܓ࣍٤᧯֗ࠡխޢԫຝٝऱΰ˦˖ʿʳ˅ˍˇʿʳ˅ˍˆʿʳˇˍˋαΖʳ ឈᎅᗝබኙֆاՕᄎխΔֆ٥ಘᓵऱؘྥΕؘႊژڇڶࢬᎁवΔޓམಾኙᤜ ࠃመ࿓ࢬױ౨ขسऱኤጤΔא֗ಘᓵऱၞ۩ֱڤ࿛ฃ܂ಘᓵΔ࿝ृথא੡ڇᗝබ ऱਙए෻ᓵխΔֆاՕᄎऱૹ૞რᆠࡐྥڇᨃ׌ᦞृڶଡ୶෼რݳऱ໱ٽΔ܀რ ݳऱ୶෼থਢຘመֆاՕᄎխऱދปЁۖॺֆاՕᄎխऱಘᓵ୶෼Ζ࣐ߢհΔಘ ᓵΔኙᗝබۖߢਢژڇऱΔ܀থ࿪ॺ່ૹ૞ऱΖʳ

լቝ֣ডऱൎا׌෻ᓵאψኙᇩω੡ு֨Δ׌്ᆖطኙᇩऱሎ܂መ࿓Ε๵ঞΕ փ୲Δֆا൓אᏺၞ࢖ڼऱյઌԱᇞፖᎁٵΔۖດዬขسנԫଡᢰ੺լ߷Ꮦࣔᒔ ऱषᆢΔᗝබऱا׌෻ᓵૹီऱਢ۞طΔהऱ෻ᓵؾऱڇ࣍ބנԫጟ࿨ٽݮڤΔ ࠌߪڇࠡխऱޢଡ࿨ٽृຟ౨ψቝא࢓ԫᑌऱ۞طωΖࢬאࢨ๺ݺଚױאൕᗝබ ऱ෻ᓵؾऱฃ܂ංᓵΔਐנֆاՕᄎژڇऱ׌૞ؾऱΔլڇ࣍ᏺၞֆاၴऱ࢖ڼ ԱᇞΔۖڇ࣍ᨃֆاڶԫଡټإߢႉऱ໱ٽΔװᎁױΕޅ଱۞աࢬല૞ࣚൕऱޢ

(29)

ԫය৳ऄΔᨃהଚլ׽ਢቝ؉ជ౳๯೯چࣚൕהԳΔᝫ౨ജᗨᄕ׌೯چ۩ࠌمऄ ᦞΔ׽ᙅښ۞աࢬຏመऱ৳ऄΖՈڂڼΔᗝබམᎅދปਢԫႈྤᓵڕ۶ຟլ౨ଷ ኆ࣍ֆاऱᦞܓΔۖլᎅߢᓵ۞طթਢྤױଷኆऱΰᅝྥΔຍ࿪ॺრ࠺ထᗝබ༉

ᄎᎁ੡ߢᓵ۞طլᏁ૞অᎽαΖʳ

ֆاՕᄎխಘᓵΕኙᇩऱૹ૞ࢤհࢬא᎛լ֗ދปΔೈԱፖᗝබऱ෻ᓵؾऱ ڶᣂ؆Δٍፖᗝබኙֆრऱψڶᔊω઎ऄๅլԱեএΖڇᗝබ઎ࠐΔ٥ࡉഏڇཛ

௛ᓒডऱ႓८ᄣִழΔֆ٥ܓ墿ਢઌᅝࣔػᒔࡳऱΔڂ੡ڼழԳଚࠉ៱অ਍ထ֚

سऱొᖦإऴΔུᗠᛶ堸Εᝒߢ့ᣑޓױ౨ࡸآנ෼࣍षᄎխΔࢬא໢ొإऴऱ Գଚױא᎘࣐ᎁᢝࠩࠃढऱءᔆΔۖॺ๯ڶထ֜ڍဠ堸ऱߢ፿Ε؆।ࢬ༝Ζਢਚ ۶ृኙ٤᧯ፖޢԫຝٝڶܓΛ۶ृթਢฤٽֆ٥ܓ墿ऱހᖗΛኙ๠࣍႓८ழז խऱԳଚࠐᎅᄎਢլߢۖ໧ऱΖʳ

ऄ৳ਢ׌ᦞृრݳऱ୶෼Δۖ׌ᦞृऱრݳᅝྥਢႜٻঅژ٥ࡉഏ֗ࠡխऱ ޢଡ࿨ٽृΔۖຍՈ༉ਢࢬᘯऱֆრΖֆრΔڇሐᐚଅࡸߜړऱ٥ࡉഏխ᜔ਢࡺ

࣍׌ᖄچۯΔޓቝֆ٥ܓ墿ԫᑌຟਢৰࣔػ᧩ထऱΔࢬאᅝԳଚຏመԫႈऄ৳

ழΔהଚࠡኔ׽ਢലԳԳ֨խࢬუऱΕტ࠹ࠩऱֆრב壆֮࣍ڗΔࠀ׊܂ԫڻࣔ

ػΕ堚ᄑऱ्ᎁΔᒔࡳޢଡԳຟᎁױຍᑌऱ׌ᦞृრݳΔᣋრࣚൕຍᑌऱऄ৳Ζ ࢬאઌॾኙᗝබۖߢΔಘᓵհࢬאլ߷Ꮦૹ૞Δࢨ๺༉ਢڂ੡ڇהऱ෻უഏ৫ խΔֆ٥ܓ墿Εֆრਢ෡෡ᎮࠥڇޢଡԳ֨խΔۖԳ֨ऱ໢ొإऴՈࠌֆრլᄎ

๯ଡܑრݳࢬൽ።ΖਢਚΔڇֆاՕᄎխ।ެऄ৳ছΔࢨ๺׽ᄎڶኙऄூؘ૞ऱ ᎅࣔΔۖլ۟࣍ڶ֜ڍऱլٵრߠΔ੷۟ञ᥯ΔฅຶֆრਢڕڼਟྥΔ۶Ꮑ֜ڍ լؘ૞ऱಘᓵΰ˦˖ʿʳˇˍ˄ʿʳˇˍ˅αΛʳ

ᣂ࣍ֆრऱژڇፖܡࡉಘᓵհၴऱᣂএΔᗝබڶመڕՀऱ堚ᄑඖ૪Κʳ ӧε཮္Γॺཇࢂૈک૱ӅᔮǴΨ൩ࢂᇥΓॺޑཀـຫࢂᖿܭӄᡏ΋ठǴ߾

ϦཀΨ൩ຫ՞಍ݯӦՏǹϸϐǴϧߏޑݾፕǵཀـ઱ݔک໶֐໶ᎵǴΨ൩࠹

(30)

֋Αঁձճ੻ϐ՞΢॥ک୯ৎޑ૰༾ΰ˦˖ʿʳˇˍ˅αΖ !

ࢬאਝྥ׽ڶڇଡܑܓ墿۾ԱՂଅΔֆ٥ܓ墿ಯࡺԳ֨ऱ৩პհ๠ழΔֆا Օᄎխթᄎך؞ထრߠ౑ࣴΔ߷Ꮦᣄࢡψಘᓵωڇᗝබऱ෻ᓵ᧯ߓխΔૹ૞ࢤ᎛

᎛چլ֗ױאᨃֆا୶෼۞ݺრݳΔ܍࣍෠ᆵ੡؉ជچۯऱψދปωԱΖฅຶڇ ଡܑܓ墿ࡺ࣍ՂଅழΔֆاࢬၞ۩ऱಘᓵࠀլࠠٚ۶რᆠΔຍՈ׽լመਢהଚ੡

Աឆ៲۞աऱߏ֨Δشֆ墿ץᇘመऱߢဲۖբΙಘᓵ૞౨టإ࿇ཀפشΔᝫਢ૞

ڇֆრࡺ࣍׌ᖄچۯழΔ܀ڼழΔֆრথԾਢڕڼࣔ᧩Ζ ʳ

ᗝබڕڼ઎ৱֆاՕᄎխऱಘᓵፖދปࠟጟ۩੡Δۿ׏ፖᅝזऱ೶ፖا׌৸ უ୮ڶထઌᅝՕऱ஁ฆΔࢨ๺ኙ৵ृۖߢΔಘᓵΔᄎਢ೶ፖऱ່ૹ૞૿ٻΚ៶ထ ኙᇩא֗ಘᓵऱመ࿓ΔԳଚᖂ฾ࠩڕ۶ፖהԳյ೯Δڕ۶א෻ࢤऱֱڤ৸౉ࠃ

ൣΕ۞ݺ।ሒΔڕ۶װ࢖ڼᎅࣚΕݔ࠰אሒࠩމ಑រΖኙ೶ፖا׌෻ᓵ୮ࠐᎅΔ

೶ፖऱඒߛפ౨ਢڕڼ᧩ထ׊ૹ૞Δࢬאا׌षᄎᚨᅝ૞ૹီֆاऱ೶ፖ۩೯ ΰᅝྥΔڼ๠ਐऱਢਙए೶ፖαΔא༼֒ֆاءߪऱ౨ԺΕၲࢷֆاऱီມΔᨃ הଚ౨ജࠠໂ۞ݺอएΕ۞ݺمऄऱ౨ԺΔݙګ۞ݺኔ෼ऱؾᑑΖʳ

ൕছ૿ऱඖ૪խΔױאᒔࡳᗝබނޢۯֆاڇֆاՕᄎխΔᘣ۞ຏመ۞աࢬ ܛലࣚൕऱऄ৳Δီ܂ᒔঅֆاڇषᄎणኪխսױቝൕছԫᑌ۞طऱֱڤΖྥ

ۖΔൕԼԮ׈ધاගഏ୮৬مאࠐΔഏ୮ऱ๵ᑓڰ༉բᆖ᎛᎛၌נᔞٽ٤ഏԳا

ႃᄎऱ੺ૻԱΔᗝබࢬڇհழՈլ܍ڶڼംᠲΖڂڼΔᣄሐᗝබ׽ਢ༼נԱԫଡ

෻უথةլױ౨ሒګऱഏ৫Δ༉ቝ௒क़ᄭԫ౳ႛࠎ׈Գអ࢓Λᣄሐᗝබآམإီ

෼ኔऱᏁ૞Δۖฃპଥإהऱ෻ᓵΔᨃ،ڶޓ೏ऱױሎشࢤΛʳ

31 162

32

(31)

ᣂ࣍ຍଡംᠲΔᗝබଈ٣མڇπषᄎৈપᓵρխ।قΔ ڕ࣠ྤऄലഏ୮ऱ

๵ᑓᜍ՛ࠩᔞᅝऱᡲ੺փΔ߷Ꮦ༉೓౤լ૞৬مଈຟΔۖᚨᇠڇࢬڶৄ᠜ΰ̇̂̊́α խᔚੌ๻ᆜਙࢌΔ ᨃ٥ࡉഏऱࢬڶֆاຟڶ൷२ਙࢌΕ೶ፖਙࢌऱᖲᄎΔۖॺ ᨃਙࢌቝײԳࢬᎅऱψ֚೏઄০᎛ω౳೏඀ڇ֚ᢰΔױඨۖլױ֗ΖೈԱച۩ऄ

৳ऱਙࢌ؆ΔᗝබՈ৬ᤜֆاՕᄎᚨڇਙࢌࢬڇऱၢ᠜խᜰ۩Δאঁᨃࢬڶऱֆ اຟڶᖲᄎᘣ۞೶ፖمऄመ࿓Δᆵኔ۞ݺอएΰ˦˖ʿʳˆˍ˄ˆαΖʳ

ᗝබኙ෼ኔਙएࠫ৫ऱუቝΕ๻ૠΔೈԱױൕπषᄎৈપᓵρԫᗭߒຶ؆Δ ࢨ๺πंᥞਙࢌᓵρՈ౨ജ࿯ݺଚઌᅝऱඔ࿇Εᒵ౉Ζᗝබམᆖᇢቹא؆߶Գऱ ߪٝཙंᥞ֍೬ᖆਙ៴ቹΔլႛ։࣫ंᥞᅝழऱᖆऄܓኤࢬڇΔٍਐנֲ৵ंᥞ ᖆਙޏၞऱֱٻΔא֗ࢬኙᚨऱኔᎾࠫ৫Ζڇၞ۩ڕՂቫᇢழΔᗝබ࠷شԱڇπष ᄎৈપᓵρԫ஼խڍڻ༼֗ऱ壄壀Ε଺ঞΕࠫ৫Δ٦௅ᖕंᥞຍଡഏ୮ऱኔᎾਙ ए֮֏Εࠫ৫ၞ۩ᓳᖞΕଥإΔאཚ۞աऱਙए෻࢚ڶᆵኔऱױ౨Δۖլႛਢ౐

Ղᓫ܎Ζʳ ʳ

ڇπंᥞਙࢌᓵρխፖء֮ᣂএለയ֊ऱຝ։Δࢨ๺ਢᗝබڕ۶ڂᚨഏՒ๵

ᑓᡓՕऱഏ୮ЁڕंᥞऱᏁ૞Δኙ۞աࢬઌᅝ઎ૹऱֆاՕᄎዌუ೚נᓳᖞΔթ ڶݦඨਝፂ਍׌ᦞڇاऱഗء଺ঞΔՈ౨܌ࣚֆاԳᑇመڍΕ։܉መᐖΔլࡵፋ ᄎऱംᠲΖ՛ഏኒاΔᒔኔਢᗝබ֨ؾխऱ෻უഏ৫ΔೈԱঁ࣍ႃᄎΔࠌԳԳ൓

א۞աอए۞ա؆ΙՈڂထഏՒլՕΕԳՑլڍΕࠃ೭լ᜗Δ۩ਙࡴለ୲࣐ᘣ۞

ጥ෻ٺጟֆ٥ࠃ೭Δۖլؘຘመᐋᐋऱࡴቛࠫ৫Δڕڼլႛױᝩ܍۩ਙ᧯ߓऱᏜ

֏ΔՈ૾܅Աֆاڇᓿ࿔ֱ૿ऱ૤ᖜΙڼ؆Δ՛ഏኒاՈࠌ׀లհഏኙֆاࠐᎅΔ լ٦ਢԫଡ᎟᎛ࢼွऱژڇΔۖ౨ജޓట֊چᘣߪტ࠹ࠩΔຍរኙ࣍ൎᓳֆاኙ

׀లհഏऱფऱᗝබۖߢΔٍਢᄕࠡૹ૞ऱΖʳ

ڂڼΔᗝබམᆖψฆუ֚ၲωچ৬ᤜंᥞᜍ྇۞աऱഏՒ๵ᑓΔאฤٽ෻უ

33

34 town

ville town, city.

(32)

ഏ৫ࢬᚨڶऱ๵ᑓΔ܀ڇ़უհ৵ΔࠡኔהՈ༼נԱޓࠠױ۩ࢤऱޏ଀৬ᤜΖร ԫਢंᥞᚨፂ਍ᅝழऱᜤ߶ࠫਙࢌΰ˹˸˷˸̅˴̇˼̉˸ʳ˺̂̉˸̅́̀˸́̇α᧯ࠫΔຘመԿଡਙࢌ

ΰࠟଡंᥞףՂمຯࡷα࿨ٽۖګऱᜤ߶ΔࠐঅఎՕഏࡉ՛ഏࢬٺ۞ᖑڶऱᚌ រΖรԲਢፂ਍ᑇၦജڍऱچֱਙࢌΰˣ˴˿˴̇˼́˴̇˸̆αΔࠀ׊ޓૹီچֱᤜᄎ ΰ˗˼˸̇˼́˸̆αΔᓿղהଚޓڍऱᦞ৖ΰᗝබΔ˄ˌˌˊ˵Κ˄ˌˆˀ˄ˌˇαΖʳ

ආشᜤ߶ࠫΔ ԯ۟ૹီچֱਙࢌΕچֱᤜᄎΔڇ࿝ृ઎ࠐࠡኔਢԫ᧯ऱࠟ

૿Δࠡ׌૞ؾऱΕ壄壀ຟਢ૞ᨃψچֱωΔڇֆ٥ࠃ೭ऱ๠෻Ղފዝޓૹ૞ऱߡ ۥΕᖑڶޓڍऱᦞ৖ΖฅຶאंᥞऱഏՒΕԳՑ๵ᑓࠐ઎Δආ۩ז।ࠫਢྤױᝩ

܍ऱΔڂڼᗝබঁݦඨڇᖆऄխࣔᒔᓿղچֱޓՕऱ۩ࠃ़ၴΔ៶ط૿ᗨΕԳՑ ᑇຟ᎛լ֗٤ഏࢤਙࢌऱچֱਙࢌΔࠐψனඑωഏ୮መՕऱ౒រΔᨃޢଡֆاऱ ᐙ᥼Ժլᄎڂ੡Գᑇመڍۖ๯ψ࿕ᤩωࠩპ׏ࠡპΖ ʳ

܀ܛঁਢچֱᤜᄎΔࠡ๵ᑓՈ၌መࢬڶԳ݁ױ೶ፖऱૻ৫Δڂڼ ˗˼˸̇˼́˸̆ ऱ

೶ፖृٍਢطԳاࢬᙇנऱז෻Գΰ˷˸̃̈̇˼˸̆αΖឈᎅຘመז෻ԳᤜࠃΕދปΔፖ ֆاᘣ۞۩ࠌمऄᦞઌֺΔᒔኔژڇထޓڍऱ౒ະΔ܀ڂ੡೶ፖچֱᤜᄎऱז෻

Գፖࠡᙇ೴ऱᙇاΔ᜔ਢ٥ٵس੒ڇԫଡ૿ᗨለ՛ΕԳՑለ֟ऱ೴഑խΔࢬאઌ ለ٤ഏࢤऱՕᙇ೴Δᙇاޓ౨ജԱᇞຍࠄߡດז෻ԳߡۥृΔֺۖለױ౨೚נإ ᒔऱܒឰΔᙇנԫଡ່ࠠڶֆاᐚࢤΕ່౨ജז।ֆاऱԳΔאޣലז।ࠫࢬ൅

ࠐऱ౒؈່྇ࠩ֟Ζʳ

ೈԱڶܓ࣍ᙇᖗ່ᔞٽऱז෻ԳԳᙇΔޓૹ૞ΰ່ದᒘՈਢٵᑌૹ૞αऱਢΔ

՛೴഑ࠌᙇ೴ᙇاޓ୲࣐጑ᅮז෻Գऱ।෼Δᒔঅהଚڇچֱᤜᄎխऱࢬ܂ࢬ੡

ຟᙅ༛ထֆاऱრݳΔۖآམசᠦֆ٥壂ઘΖڇ጑ᅮ࠹ࡡٚृֱ૿Δᗝබ׌്࿯

ፖז෻Գԫٝ堚堚ᄑᄑऱਐقΰ˼́̆̇̅̈˶̇˼̂́̆αΔࠀ׊ؘႊطࠡ᡽ټঅᢞᙅ۩Ζຍٝ

35

36

(33)

ਐقऱփ୲ઌᅝᇡጐΔ༓׏ױᎅਢૻࠫԱז෻Գڇᤜᄎխऱԫߢԫ۩Δຍࠌ൓ה ଚױאފዝ࢘ኔऱψႚᜢ࿟ωߡۥΔ੡הଚࢬז෻ऱᙇاႚሒრߠΕ।ሒრݳΖ

ۖᕣጥ᜔ਢᄎڶԫࠄྤऄቃߠΔྤऄࠃ٣ၞ۩๵ᒤऱࠃൣᏁ૞๠෻Δ܀ڇᗝබ઎

ࠐຍࠄࠃ೭׽Ꮑ૞ז෻Գऺ਍ֆا壄壀Δאֆاऱߪٝ࿇ߢঁլ۟࣍ೣᠦֆრΔ

ۖ౨ᔞ֊چ๠෻ΖਢਚΔຍᑌऱԫٝਐقս៱ࠠڶᄕ೏ऱױ۩ࢤΔױ܂੡પޔז

෻Գ۩੡Εەுז෻Գ।෼ऱૹ૞ࠉᖕΰᗝබΔ˄ˌˌˊ˵Κ˄ˌˊˀ˅˄˃αΖʳ

੡ޣ೶ፖᤜࠃृຟᄎਢ່ࠠֆا壄壀Δ່౨࢘ኔ।ሒֆاრߠऱԳΔᗝබה ૹီچֱਙࢌΕچֱᤜᄎΔࠀ׊אψਐقω๵ᒤΕ጑ᅮ࠹ࡡٚृΖڼ؆Δהޓ༼

נԱԫ୚ዬၞޏ଀ֱூΔڇڼ࿝ृࠀլؚጩᇡ૪ޏ଀ऱᒔ֊փ୲Δႛല១૞տฯ ޏ଀ऱૹ૞壄壀Ζڇຍֱ૿ऱޏ଀ՂΔᗝබᓿղंᥞ٥ࡉഏऱ੒ᥬٝ՗Ёܛਙࢌ

խऱ۩ਙࡴΔԿጟլٵᐋ్ऱߪٝΔࠀ׊ጐױ౨ܓشլٵऱټጠΕ༇ዊΕᚧີ࿛

೚נࣔᒔ೴ሶΔ೭ޣࠌࢬڶԳԫඨঁױवᇠۯֆاऱ௽௘ዊᥩچۯΖʳ

ຍԿጟᐋ్࢖ڼၴڶ೏ՀհܑΔ ॣࡨΔ૞ၞԵรԫଡᐋ్ऱڣ᎘ԳΔؘႊ

נٚ৳ஃΕຩᐉऄࡴΰ˴̆̆˸̆̆̂̅αΔࢨਢਬࠄឈ᥆ڻ૞থ౨ࠌԳڶ୶෼۞աפᜎΕ ౨ԺΕᐚࢤऱ៭ۯΔࠀڇᆖመԿڣऱٚ៭ᇢ᧭Δא֗Ղ్Εᝨᓵऱᛀ᧭৵Δֱ౨ ᛧᙇ੡รԫଡᐋ్ऱګ୉ЁψֆቜωΖࠡ৵ΔࠠڶֆቜߪٝृΔթࠠໂᖜٚਬࠄ ֆ٥៭ۯЁࠏڕഏ୮ᤜᄎऱז෻ԳΕऄஅऱז෻ԳΔא֗۩ࠌ׌ᦞऱֆ٥פ౨ऱ ᇷ௑ΖࠡխΔԾ׽ڶڇᙇ೴ᙇاխ൓ࠩړေᏝΔࠀ׊Կڻᛧᙇ੡ז෻Գृֱڶᖲ ᄎޓၞԫ్Δګ੡ψ๯ᙇऱֆاωΔڇ٥ࡉഏխᖜٚޓૹ૞ऱ៭ۯΖۖٵᑌऱΔ ՈഄڶڇรԲᐋ్।෼ߜړृΔթڶᖲᄎவ్ࠩֆاࢬ౨ࠠڶ່ശ೏ऱߪٝЁ ψऄ৳ऱښᥨृωΖʳ

ᕣጥᗝබऱຍ୚๻ૠڇֆاၴ೴։࿛్Δ܀ࠀլז।ᗝබঁ֭਍ၸ్ऱژ ڇΔڂ੡ܛঁࠆڶ༇ዊΕശᄃΔຍࠄᖜٚֆ៭ृڇᗝබ઎ࠐՈ׽ਢࢭᖜԱԫٝپ

37 Hope of the

Fatherland Servants of the State Civis

electus Citizens elect Custos

legum Guardian of the law

(34)

Ժլಘړऱՠ܂ΔהଚլᚨᇠΕՈլᄎ੡۞աᘩߏܓΔ੷ؘ۟ႊڕᐌᜳ٧౳๠෻

ֆ٥ࠃ೭Δڂڼ۶լ࿯ղהଚ௽௘ऱچۯፖዊᤌΔኙהଚऱࢬ܂ࢬ੡ڶࢬڃ໴Δ ᨃ٤᧯ֆاڇࣲᆡΕശᄃհ塒ΔՈᣋრயऄהଚऱ۩੡Δ੡٤᧯א֗ࠡխऱޢԫ ଡԳᘩ壂ܓΖਢਚΔ೗ࠌٚ۶ԫۯࠆ࠹༇ዊऱֆاሔ֘ֆ٥ܓ墿Δ۞ྥהࢬࠆڶ ऱԫ֊ঁ૞๯ᘡኆΔ਀༚੡່ഗءऱԫ౳ֆاߪٝΖʳ

ڇຍଡ๻ૠխΔᗝබᨃԿଡၸ్ऱߪٝፖ٥ࡉഏऱֆ٥៭ۯઌኙᚨΔࢬאڶ ࠄ៭ۯঁ׽౨ൕࠠໂ່೏ၸߪٝऱψऄ৳ښᥨृωխࢸᚷΔڶࠄ៭ۯঞױطࠠໂ ψ๯ᙇֆاωߪٝृנٚΖഗءՂΔᗝබຍ୚ࠫ৫ऱؾऱڇ࣍ᨃຏመყڍە᧭ऱ ֆاנٚყਢ೏ၸऱֆ٥៭ۯΔຘመຍᑌऱڜඈΔᗝබݦඨױא່Օ࿓৫چᒔঅ נٚ۩ਙࡴΕᖜٚז।ृΔຟ౨ࠠໂᇠ៭ۯࢬؘႊᖑڶऱ౨ԺΕሐᐚΕֆا壄壀Δ אᝩ܍ֆاࢬಜॺԳΔ׌ᦞ࠹ࠩᗳኆΖʳ

ೈԱאψመᣂவ్ωऱࠫ৫ᒔঅٚֆ៭ृऱᇷ௑؆ΔᗝබՈࠌᙇ೴ᙇاऱە

ுΔګ੡ࢬڶਙएဍ૎ຟؘႊຏመऱᇢ᧭ᣂ׬Δൕ່ದॣ૞ᖑڶֆቜߪٝΔঁᏁ

૞٣൷࠹ֆฒᝨᓵऱ঴ေΔڇᝨᓵࡉՂ్ऱᠨૹ्ࡳ৵Δֱ౨ګ੡ֆቜΕנٚ٥ ࡉഏխऱ௽ࡳ៭ۯΙࠡ৵Δܛঁਢߪ੡ٺઊڇഏ୮ᤜᄎխऱז।Ε٥ࡉഏऱ۩ਙ

ࡴΔຍࠄࠠໂֆ٥ߪٝृսྥؘႊլឰچ൷࠹ᙇ೴ᙇاऱᛀ᧭Δࠉᖕࠩٚழࢬ᡽

Հऱਐقΰ˼́̆̇̅̈˶̇˼̂́̆αەுࠡڇᤜᄎխऱ।෼ਢܡڶ૤ֆاࢬಜΖ៶ထᓿղᙇ

೴ᙇاေܒऱࠫ৫ࢤᏝଖΕრᆠΕࣅޔԺΔᗝබᨃ๯ᙇנऱז෻ԳΕ۩ਙࡴޓၞ

ԫޡ۝ࣚ࣍ഏ୮ऱటإ׌ԳЁطࢬڶֆاࢬ࿨ٽۖګऱ׌ᦞृຍଡႃٽ᧯ΰᗝ බΔ˄ˌˌˊ˵Κ˅˅˄ˀ˅˅ˇαΖʳ

ʳ

Ѥ Ѥ

Ѥ Ѥǵ ǵ ǵ ǵʳʳʳʳλ่ λ่ λ่ λ่

^ʳ

ʳ

ʳ ʳ ࢭՂࢬߢΔଡԳڇ۞ྥणኪխࢬࠆڶऱݶᑗਢᗝබࢬᄕ৫ࣲᆡऱΔ۟࣍ଡ Գऱ۞طᗑمΕԳፖԳၴऱؓ࿛լႛਢዌګݶᑗऱૹ૞ڂైΔٍਢᗝබࢬԺቹڇ

(35)

෼זषᄎխૹ৬ΕބڃऱणኪΖ੡ሒګڕڼؾᑑΔᗝබࠀլ׌്ᄤඵषᄎֆપΔ ڃ່ࠩॣࡨԳፖԳធ֟࢓ࠐΔյլե௫ऱ۞ྥणኪΔઌ֘ऱΔהᇢቹބנԫጟڶ

ܑ࣍ᅝழऱषᄎ࿨ٽݮڤΔࠌࢬڶၞԵᆢ᧯س੒ऱԳຟլᄎ٦࠹ࠩᅝழԳࢬ࠹ऱ ᚘ૰Ε؉ݰΔۖս౨ፂ਍ڇ۞ྥणኪխࢬམᆖᖑڶऱ۞طΕᗑمणኪΖʳ

੡ڼΔᗝබڇπषᄎৈપᓵρխᒔم٥ࡉഏऱ׌ᦞΔᚨ᥆࣍ࢬڶ࿨ٽृΔۖ

ط࣍مऄᦞਢ׌ᦞृ່ૹ૞ऱԫႈᦞԺΔᗝබޓၞԫޡංᓵנऄ৳ؘႊᆖط׌ᦞ

ृ٤᧯ऱޅ଱Δܡঞ٥ࡉഏऱֆاঁݯ࢕ൕ׌ᦞृ෠ᆵ੡๯อएृΕ؉ជΔ׽౨

۝ࣚ࣍הԳऱრݳΖڕڼԫࠐΔ٥ࡉഏՈլ༚ژڇऱრᆠΔլ٦౨অژΕআၞࢬ ڶԳ֗ޢଡԳऱ壂ઘΔࢬא٥ࡉഏԾ۶ᏁژڇΛʳ

ڇᖫمԱڕՂ଺ঞ৵Δ৵ᤉऱπंᥞਙࢌᓵρױᎅਢᗝබᆵኔ۞աਙए৸უ ऱԫڻૹ૞ቫᇢΔլٵ࣍πषᄎৈપᓵρ׽ڇ෻ᓵ଺ঞᐋڻ܂৸ᙃΔᗝබڇءထ

܂խ৸ەڕ۶ᚨش٣ছࢬ༼נऱਙए଺ঞΔࠀ׊ࠉᖕंᥞऱኔᎾൣउଥإਬࠄ଺

ঞΔאޣኔᔌ۞աऱਙए෻უΖंᥞ່ሔ֘ᗝබᖂᎅհ๠Δࢨ๺ڇ࣍ڔᐖ⌸ऱ૿

ᗨΕ᜗ฐऱԳՑΔຍࠌޢԫۯֆا݁ᘣ۞೶ፖمऄऱ෻უګ੡ဠڐΔ࣍ਢ੡Աٻ

ྤױޏ᧢ऱ෼ኔݔ࠰Δᗝබ׽൓ڇ಻୚ൻਜઌ᎖ऱൣउՀආشז෻ԳΰdeputyαΖʳ ڇڼΔᗝබ՛֨چඍװψז।ωΰrepresentativeαڗณլشΔޏאψז෻Գω זཙΔᕣጥآམ࿯ղז।Εז෻ԳߡۥࣔᒔऱࡳᆠΔ܀ൕᗝබऱထ܂խᅝױංᓵΔ ط࣍რݳऱլױז।ࢤΔψז।ωլױ౨ژڇ࣍הऱ٥ࡉഏհխΔഄڶψז෻Գω ڼԫլ௫֗რݳז।ऱᖲࠫਢ๯ւ๺ژڇऱΖ ੡Աၞԫޡᝩ܍ψז෻Գωऱრ ݳ࠷זֆاऱრݳΔᗝබڇઌᣂထ܂խՈ༼נ಻୚ൻਜΔᗨᄕ૿ڶᒔঅਙएဍ૎

ऱ঴ᔆΔࠌהଚ౨۞࿇چאֆ٥ܓ墿੡࢚Ι௣ᄕ૿ڶኙਙएဍ૎๻ՀૻࠫΔᨃה ଚᒔኔࣚൕ࣍۞աࢬψז।ωऱᙇاΔאᝩ܍ז෻ԳᗳኆԱᚨ᥆࣍٥ࡉഏ٤᧯ऱ

׌ᦞΔޡԵ૎ഏזᤜࠫऱ৵ቺΖʳ

38

(36)

ࢨ๺ᗝබኙԳᣊषᄎᚨᇠܧ෼۶ጟᑌᎎऱუቝፖ෼ኔषᄎ஁၏֜ՕΔۖ๯ᎁ

੡ྤฆ़խᑔᎹΔᣄڶב壆ኔᔌऱױ౨ࢤΔ܀࿝ृথא੡ᗝබኙषᄎᑌᎎऱუ ቝΔԯ௅ᄭ࣍הኙԳᣊسࡎ঴ᔆऱഒ਍ЁݶᑗΕ۞طΕᗑمΚڂ੡૞ݶᑗΔࢬא

۞࿯۞ߩऱልᄐषᄎ່ړΔԳଚ໢ొΕኒ඿Ծਢ۞աԳسऱ׌୬ΔլᏁࠉᘸࢨࣚ

ൕהԳΖڂ੡૞۞طΔࢬאഏ୮๵ᑓլࡵመՕΔԳଚթ౨ജ۞ݺمऄΕ۞ݺอएΔ ᝩ܍׌ᦞலᆵΔֆاګ੡؉ជΖࢬאᕣጥᗝබءԳڶࠡೣړऱषᄎᑌᎎΔ࿝ृথ ᣋრઌॾ׽૞౨ፂ਍Գᣊڇ۞ྥणኪխऱ۞طΔګ٤ᗝබኙԳᣊسࡎ঴ᔆऱഒ

਍Δᗝබਢլᄎ֘ኙהጟ࿨ٽݮڤऱΖฅຶބڃԳᣊམᆖᖑڶመऱݶᑗΕ۞طΕ ᗑمΔթਢᗝබ৸უऱ່ึؾऱΖᗝබհࢬאቔܬ՛ഏኒاΔֹኑ׽ਢڂ੡ڇה

઎ࠐຍਢ່୲࣐ᆵኔԳا׌ᦞऱഏ୮ݮڤΔۖԳا׌ᦞঁਢݶᑗΕ۞طΕᗑمհ ࢬᢀΖʳ

ᗝබΔհছΕհ৵݁ڶ੡ᑇฒڍऱ৸უ୮Ё੷۟ਢਙ᤻ΕਙࢌΔࢨאԳا׌

ᦞ܂੡ൽ堸ᑊਙऱՠࠠΔࢨאԳا׌ᦞ܂੡ᕩፋٻ֨ԺऱॾයΔࢨאԳا׌ᦞ܂

੡ฅسࢬಳޣΖ੡ԱݙګԳا׌ᦞΔהଚՈམ༼נٺ۞ऱਙएࠫ৫ڜඈΕषᄎ࿨

ٽݮڤΔۖᗝබאֆا೶ፖ׌ᦞ۩ࠌ܂੡ኔᔌ׌ᦞڇاऱუऄΔኙ৵ᤉ৸უ୮Ո ขسԱᐙ᥼Ζء֮ڂڼᚵኙਲዿऱഗዿ௽षᄎΕࢆ௽೷མԫ৫ᣂ֨ऱতཎࢮ֛ՠ ᐗا׌Ε֣ডऱൎا׌षᄎၞ۩ᛀီΔᨠኘຍࠄյฆऱ࿨ٽݮڤΔਢܡམᆖ፞࠹

ᗝබऱඔ࿇ΔۖຍᑌऱषᄎԾਢܡ౨ݙګԳا׌ᦞऱ෻უΔࠌࠡխऱֆاݶᑗΕ

۞طΕᗑمΖʳ ʳ

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ಃΟക

ಃΟക ಃΟക

ಃΟക!! !! !!࢒ᅟޑ୷ᅟ੝ޗ཮Ьကᙔკ !! ࢒ᅟޑ୷ᅟ੝ޗ཮Ьကᙔკ ࢒ᅟޑ୷ᅟ੝ޗ཮Ьကᙔკ!!!! ࢒ᅟޑ୷ᅟ੝ޗ཮Ьကᙔკ

!

΋

΋ǵ ǵ ǵ ǵʳʳʳʳᐽఖӧ౜жޑߞ২ ᐽఖӧ౜жޑߞ২ ᐽఖӧ౜жޑߞ২ǻ ᐽఖӧ౜жޑߞ২ ǻ ǻ!!!! ǻ ʳʳʳʳ

ൕᝫڇᖂீ༉ᦰழΔਲዿঁਢ၄ᢰषᆢխΰFabianαऱ੒ᥬګ୉ΔՈਢڇڼ ழה࿇।Աॣᇢ໖ᜢհ܂Δၲࡨڇਙएᖂ੺ኛ᥻ᙰߡΖ܀ᕣጥࡨึࣚᜨ࣍षᄎ׌

ᆠΔࠡၴਲዿऱ৸უথམԫ৫ขسૹՕ᠏᧢Δൕ׌്אഏ୮อᤂԫ֊ᇷᄭΔࠀၞ

۩ᖞ᧯๵ቤऱ၄ᢰ׌ᆠΔ᧢ۖ׌്षᄎᚨطڍցิ៣ၞ۩։ᦞΰdecentralizeα۞

एऱഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠΰGuild SocialismαΖʳ

ਲዿڇ༼ଠഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠࢬ܂ऱԫ֊ܘԺΔྤᓵਢڇᄗ࢚Ε଺ঞՂऱᓵ ૪ΔލࢨኔᎾऱषᄎ៴ቹ৬ዌΔ݁ࠌהګ੡ഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠऱז।ԳढΔ܀ᕣጥ ᒔኔ༼ࠎࠫ৫าᆏΔլ௽ܑૹီഏ୮ߡۥΔ੷۟ലഏ୮ፖഗዿ௽Ε௣၄ृቸ᧯࿛

ٺڤิ៣࿛ۖီհऱഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠΔࠡषᄎ៴ቹথኚ๯ᓵृီ੡լ໓ਢ׼ԫଡ

௻ڮ߶Δڇ෼ኔषᄎլࠠױ۩ࢤΙ੷۟ਲዿءԳڇ ˆ˃ ڣז৵Ոڃូ၄ᢰषᆢΔ ڇઌᅝ࿓৫Ղ࣋ඵԱڍցΕ։ᦞऱഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠΔ࣍ਢഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠٍᙟհ

ާഭΔດዬ෉נਙए෻ᓵፘ؀ΰ˥˼˷˷˸˿˿ʿʳ˄ˌˌˈˍʳˌˆˆˀˌˆˇαΖʳ

ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ॣࡨΔء֮հࢬאᄎࣹრࠩਲዿຍۯ৸უ୮ΔࠀၞۖᙇᖗڇՂଡ׈ધॣЁࢨ

๺ጠլՂᔭᜢೳᇾΔথբլ٦࠹ࠩૹီऱഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠ܂੡ઔߒኙွΔԯਢڂ

੡ࢆ௽೷ऱπ೶ፖࡉا׌෻ᓵρԫ஼Δലਲዿፖᗝබԫٵូᣊ੡ૹ૞ऱ೶ፖ෻ᓵ ୮Δ੷۟ᝫီਲዿऱഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠ៴ቹΔ੡ᗝබ෻ᓵڇ෼זՠᄐषᄎᚨشऱԫ ڻګפቫᇢΖڂڼଣૉࢆ௽೷ኙਲዿऱڕਢေᏝਢإᒔऱΔ߷Ꮦഗ࣍ء֮ऱംᠲ რᢝΔਲዿലᄎਢԫۯৰڶᏝଖऱઔߒኙွΙۖ൶ߒࠡഗዿ௽षᄎ׌ᆠΕഗዿ௽

षᄎ׌ᆠ៴ቹΔא֗הऱ෻ᓵፖᗝබ෻ᓵၴऱᣂຑࢤΔՈലګ੡ء֮ࠥլ୲ᒷऱ ૹ૞ٚ೭Ζʳ