ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF THE SPEED CONTROL FOR THE REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM
張子文、陳昭雄
E-mail: 9125907@mail.dyu.edu.tw
ABSTRACT
THIS PAPER PRESENTS A NOVEL ELECTRICAL HARDWARE FOR THE SPEED CONTROL OF THE REGENERAT -IVE BRAKING SYSTEM.FIRST,WE DEVELOP A CHARGING AND DISCHARGING SYSTEM TO OPERATE
BETWEEN A BATTERY AND A MOTOR. WHEN THE BATTERY ON THE CHARGING MODE, THE MOTOR OBTAINS ENERGY AND SPEEDS UP.THEN THE BATTERY ON THE DISCHARGING MODE, THE MOTOR CHANGES AS A GENERATOR,WHICH CAN TURN THE DYNAMIC ENERGY OF THE MOTOR TO ELECTRIC ENERGY.THIS ELECTRIC ENERGY IS DISCHA -RGED TO THE BATTERY. AND THUS MAKE THE MOTOR SPEED DOWN. THROUGH MODULATING THE RATIO OF THE TIME BETWEEN THE CHARGE AND
DISCHARGE OF BATTERY, WE CAN PERFECTLY CONTROL THE SPEED OF THE MOTOR.MOREOVER,AS A RESULT OF THE ENERGY DISCHARGE OF THE MOTOR,THE BATTERY CAN CON -SERVE THE ENERGY CONSUMING. ADDITIONALLY,WE DESIGN TWO OF PI AND FUZZY CONTROLLERS FOR THE SPEED
CONTROL OF THE MOTOR ,AND COMPARE WITH THEIR PERFORMANCE.THE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENT SHOW THAT THE FUZZY CONTROLL -ER HAS A LARGER OPERATING RANGE AND BETTER PERFORMANCE THAN THE PI CONTROLLER.
Keywords : REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM, FUZZY CONTROL, SPEED CONTROL Table of Contents
第一章 緒論--P1 1.1 研究動機與目的--P1 1.2 文獻回顧--P1 1.3 研究方法簡介--P2 第二章 系統架構與原理--P4 2.1 再生式剎車 機械結構--P4 2.2 電池--P6 2.3 系統作動原理--P8 第三章 再生式剎車系統電路之設計--P10 3.1再生式剎車電路架構--P10 3.2 驅動電路架構--P12 3.2.1 充、放電轉換器架構--P12 3.2.2 TLP250電路--P16 3.2.3 LM311比較器電路--P18 3.2.4 邏輯判斷電 路--P19 3.3 脈波信號產生器--P20 3.3.1 DAC電路--P21 3.3.2 脈波產生器電路--P23 3.3.3 TC9400電路--P24 3.3.4 LM555 電 路--P27 3.4 介面電路--P28 3.5 解碼計數電路--P31 第四章 控制器設計--P36 4.1 傳統控制器--P36 4.2 模糊控制器--P37 4.2.1 模 糊化程序--P40 4.2.2 模糊規則庫--P41 4.2.3 模糊推論器--P43 4.2.4 解模糊化--P44 第五章 實驗結果與討論--P46 5.1 系統實照 圖--P46 5.2 控制器設定--P49 5.3 控制器間的比較--P49 5.4回充效能--P54 第六章 結論--P58 參考文獻--P59 附錄A 硬體介面程 式--P62 附錄B 軟體界面程式--P69
REFERENCES
[1] 李佳笈, "再生式剎車充電之控制", 1996 國立清華大學動力機械學系碩士論文 [2] 劉銘中/林琮烈 編著, "PC XT/AT 介面設計與應用", 儒林圖書有限公司, 2001 [3] 沈達三 編著, "數位電路實作及應用", 全華科技圖書公司, 1995 [4] 唐佩忠 著, "VHDL與數位邏輯設計", 高立 圖書有限公司, 1999 [5] 王進德 編著, "類神經網路與模糊控制理論入門", 全華科技圖書公司, 1994 [6] 孫宗瀛/楊英魁 編著, "FUZZY控制:
理論、實作與應用", 全華科技圖書公司, 1999 [7] CARICCHI F. , CRESCIMBINI F., CAPPONI F.G., AND SOLERO L., "STUDY OF BI-DIRECTIONAL BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER TOPOLOGIES FOR APPLICATION IN ELECTRICAL VEHICLE MOTOR DRIVES", APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION,1998.APEC'98.CONFERENCE PROCEEDI -NGS 1998.,THIRTEENTH ANNUAL,VOLUME:1,1998 PAGE(S): 287 -293 VOL.1 [8] CARICCHI F.,CRESCIMBINI F.,AND NAPOLI A.D.,"20 KW WATER COOLED PROTOTYPE OF A BUCK- BOOST BIDIRECTIONAL DC-DC CONVERTER TOPOLOGY FOR
ELECTRICAL VEHICLE MOTOR DRIVES", APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION,1995.APEC '95.CONFERENCE PROCE -EDINGS 1995.,TENTH ANNUAL PART: 2,1995 PAGE(S): 887 -892 VOL.2 [9] CHANG M.Y.,OU R.S., AND TZOU Y.Y.,"DSP BASED FUZZY CONTROL OF BILATERAL IGBT PWM DC-TO-AC AND DC-TO-DC CONVERTERS FOR BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM",INDUSTRIAL ELEC -TRONICS,CONTROL,AND
INSTRUMENTATION,1993.PROCEEDINGS OF THE IECON'93.,INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON, 1993 PAGE(S): 1117 -1122 VOL.2 [10] CHIASSERINI C.F.,AND RAO R.R.,"A MODEL FOR BATTERY PULSED DISCHARGE WITH RECOVERY EF
-FECT",WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE,1999. WCNC.1999 IEEE , 1999 PAGE(S): 636 -639
VOL.2 [11] GUN J.P.,FIORINA J.N.,FRAISSE M.,AND MABBOUX H."INCREASING UPS BATTERY LIFE MAIN FAIL -URE MODES ,CHARGING AND MONITORING SOLUTIONS" ,IN PROC.INT.TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENERGY CONF.,1997, PP. 389-396.
[12] HUA C.C., AND LIN M.Y.,"A STUDY OF CHARGING CONTROL OF LEAD-ACID BATTERY FOR ELECTRIC
VEHICLES",INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS,2000.ISIE 2000.PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 IEEE INTERNAT -IONAL SYMPOSIUM ON , VOLUME: 1 , 2000 PAGE(S): 135-140 VOL.1 [13] KAWAMURA A.,AND YANAGIHARA T.,"STATE OF CHARGE ESTIMATION OF SEALED LEAD-ACID BATTERI -ES USED FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES,"IEEE POWER ELECTRONICS SPECIALISTS
CONF.,1998,PP.583 -587.
[14] KHAN N.,MARIUN N.,ZAKI M.,AND DINESH L.,"TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF PULSED CHARGING IN SUP
-ERCAPACITORS",TENCON 2000.PROCEEDINGS,VOLUME: 2,2000 PAGE(S): 193 -199 VOL.3 [15] MARTINEZ Z.R., AND RAY B.,
"BIDIRECTIONAL DC/DC POWER CONVERSION USING CONSTANT FREQU -ENCY MULTI-RESONANT TOPOLOGY", APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 1994. APEC '94. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 1994. , NINTH ANNUAL , 1994 PAGE(S): 991 -997 VOL.2 [16] PALANISAMY T.,AND BOX P.O.,"CHARGING TECHNIQUES FOR A UNIVERSAL LEAD-ACID BATTERY CH -ARGER",IN PORC.INT. POWER SOURCES SYMP., 1990, PP. 72-76,.
[17] SALAMEH Z.M.,CASACCA M.A.,AND LYNCH W.A.,"A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR LEAD-ACID BATTERIE -S",IEEE TRANS.ENERGY CONVERSION,VOL. 7, NO. 1, PP.93-98, 1992.
[18] VALERIOTE E.M., CHANG T.G., AND JOCHIM D.M.,"FAST CHARGING OF LEAD-ACID BATTERIES,"IN PROC.INT.BATTERY CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS AND ADVANCES, 1994, PP. 33-38.
[19] VIERA J. C.,GONZALEZ M.,CARBALLO C.,AND BLANCO C.,"AN INTELLIGENT INSTRUMENTATION SYS -TEM FOR TESTING FAST-CHARGING PROCESS IN HIGH-CAPACITY BATTERIES",INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONF., VOL.3, PP. 1372-1376, 2000.
[20] WANG L.X.,ADAPTIVE FUZZY SYSTEMS AND CONTROL:DESIGN AND STABILITY ANALYSIS,PRENTICE HA -LL:ENGLEWOOD CLIFFS, NEW JERSEY, 1994.
