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中一級 中國歷史科 教學設計示例 (供收錄非華語學生的學校參考使用)
玄奘西行與中印文化交流 一. 建議教節：2 節
二. 預期學習成果：
完成本課題後，學生能：
1. 認識玄奘從沙彌到成為高僧的經過。(知識內容) 2. 了解中印文化交流的內容。(知識內容)
3. 透過閱讀文字資料、地圖、圖像等，分析史事。(知識內容、技能) 4. 學習尊重不同的文化。(情意、態度)
三. 教學建議：
1. 因應非華語學生的中文能力，工作紙較多圖像，部分題目輔以英文，協 助學生理解內容。
2. 題型包括選擇、短答等，思考題可以口語回答。
3. 教師可按學生學習情況加入討論環節，以增加學生之間的互動。
4. 教師教授課題時，除教授相關史實外，亦須指導學生認識中國的文明和 文化，促進他們認識並尊重中國文化的特色。
5. 教師可因應學生的程度而選取適合的部分或教學活動施教。
四. 教學方案：
內容重點 流程
課節一 (2 節)：
玄奘西行與中印文化交流
1. 講解關鍵詞；
2. 透過地圖及其他資料，帶出以下重 點：
- 玄奘從沙彌到成為高僧的經過；
- 中印文化交流的內容。
備註：
1. 學校可參考本教材，並按學生的需要，以調適課程；
2. 可因應學生的中文程度減少或刪去當中的英文句子或詞彙；
3. 可同時參考課程發展處所出版的其他教材或為本調適課綱準備的其他示 例；
4. 可考慮向學生提供更多全方位學習的經驗如到內地考察、參觀博物館等 等。
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XXX 中學
中一級 中國歷史科課堂工作紙 玄奘西行與中印文化交流
(Xuanzang’s Journey to the West and Sino-Indian Cultural Exchange) 姓名 Name：
_________________________
成績 Grade：
_________________________
班別 Class：
__________________( )
批改日期 Date of Marking：
____________
學習重點：
1. 認識玄奘從沙彌到成為高僧的經過 (To know Xuanzang’s journey from novice to monk)
2. 了解中印文化交流的內容 (To understand the contents of Sino-India cultural exchange (mainly the introduction of Indian culture))
一. 本節關鍵詞 (Key Terms)
英文詞彙 中文詞彙/粵語拼音 中文詞彙/普通話拼音
1 Xuanzang 玄奘(jyun4 zong6) 玄奘(xuán zàng) 2 Buddhist scriptures 佛經(fat6 ging1) 佛經(fó jīng) 3 monk 和尚(wo4 soeng6) 和尚(hé shàng) 4 To promote
Buddhist doctrines
弘揚佛法(wang4 joeng4 fat6 faat3)
弘揚佛法(hóng yáng fó fǎ)
5 Buddhist temple 佛寺(fat6 zi6) 佛寺(fó sì) 6 Sanskrit 梵文(faan6 man4) 梵文(fàn wén) 7 Tianzhu (India) 天竺(印度)(tin1
zuk1 (jan3 dou6))
天竺(印度)(tiān zhú (yìn dù))
8 Apprenticeship 拜師學藝(baai3 si1 hok6 ngai6)
拜師學藝(bài shī xué yì)
9 Buddhist name 法號(faat3 hou6) 法號(fǎ hào) 10 novice 沙彌(saa1 nei4) 沙彌(shā mí) 11 To travel westwards 西行(sai1 hang4) 西行(xī xíng) 12 The Silk Road 絲綢之路(si1 cau4
zi1 lou6)
絲綢之路(sī chóu zhī lù)
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The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions
《大唐西域記》
(daai6 tong4 sai1 wik6 gei3)
《大唐西域記》(dà táng xī yù jì)
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二. 本節概要 (Key Points of the Chapter) 1. 玄奘到天竺(印度)學習梵文、佛
教教義及收集經書。
Xuanzang went to Tianzhu (India) to learn Sanskrit, Buddhism and collect Buddhist scriptures.
2. 在印度的遊歷中，玄奘在那爛陀 寺進行了五年的學習。
During his travels in India, Xuanzang studied at Nalanda Temple for five years.
3. 玄奘從印度帶回 650 多部佛教書 籍，大開眼界。
Xuanzang brought back more than 650 Buddhist Sanskrit scripts from India.
4. 玄奘的著作《大唐西域記》記錄 了唐初絲綢之路的風土人情，是 難得的歷史著作。
The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions authored by Xuanzang
recorded the local conditions and customs found on the Silk Road in the early Tang dynasty. It is a rare
historical work.
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課節一：玄奘西行與中印文化交流 (Xuanzang’s Journey to the West and
Sino-Indian Cultural Exchange)
一. 《西遊記》中的「唐僧」(The “Tang Monk” in the Journey to the West) 資料一：《西遊記》的人物 (Source A: Figures in the Journey to the West)
下圖是中國明代小說《西遊記》的漫畫，小說內的唐僧玄奘法師，帶 著幾個具有法力的徒弟（孫悟空、豬八戒、沙悟淨）往印度求取佛經，
雖然旅途中經歷種種艱險，最終憑著法力和機智化險為夷。(The image below is a drawing of the Chinese Ming dynasty novel Journey to the West.
In the novel, Xuanzang, the Tang monk, brought several Buddhist apprentices (Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, Sha Wujing) to India to obtain Buddhist scriptures. Even though he experienced many difficulties during the journey, he finally turned a dangerous situation into a beneficial one using wit and effort.)
(圖片來源：《西遊記》之三十「取經回大唐」，上海：上海人民美術出版社，
缺出版年份）
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1. 課堂活動：同學請配對下圖《西遊記》人物的名字。(Classroom activity:
Please match the names to the characters from the Journey to the West below.)
A 孫悟空 (Sun Wukong) B 豬八戒 (Zhu Bajie) C 沙悟淨 (Sha Wujing) 二. 玄奘的基本資料(The basic information of Xuanzang)
玄奘法師，俗姓陳，名字不詳(按：多說其名為「禕」)，玄奘是出家後 的法號。他在隋文帝仁壽二年（602）年出生，河南洛陽人士。(The surname of the Buddhist monk Xuanzang was Chen but his birth name is unknown (note that many say that his birth name was Yi). “Xuanzang” was his Buddhist name. He was born in 602 in the city of Luoyang (in Henan in Central China).)
玄奘的家族甚有來頭，從北魏時代（386-534）開始，祖先都當大官，社 會等級算是富貴人家。(Xuanzang’s ancestors can be traced back to the Northern Wei dynasty (386-534). His ancestors were all high officials and their social statuses were that of nobles.)
父親陳慧也是很有學問的人，有四個兒子，玄奘排名第四。(His father, Chen Hui, was very well educated. He had four sons and Xuanzang was the youngest.)
A
B C
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2. 活動：請根據以上資料，為玄奘的身份證填上個人資料。(Activity: Please fill in the table for Xuangzang’s identity card using the information above.)
俗姓(Surname) 陳(Chen)
法號(Buddhist name) 玄奘(Xuanzang)
性別(Sex) 男(Male)
出生年份(Year of Birth) 隋文帝仁壽二年(602)
朝代(Dynasty) 隋朝(Sui Dynasty)
居住地(Home city) 洛陽(Luoyang) 社會等級(Social status) 富貴人家(Nobility)
三. 玄奘如何成為和尚？(How did Xuanzang become a monk?) 資料二：玄奘成為和尚 (Source B: Xuanzang became a monk)
隋朝時，凡是出家都是年輕人，且要經過國家的考核。通過考核，便可以 進入當地的寺廟當沙彌（佛門學生），同時接受佛經教育。(During the Sui dynasty, everyone who wanted to become a monk, he must be a young person and had to pass the imperial examination. After passing the examination, one could enter the local temple as a sāmaṇera (Buddhist novice student) and at the same time receive an education in Buddhist scripture.)
這種考試，稱作僧籍考試。所謂僧籍，就是取得僧人的戶籍。由於擁有僧
籍的人（和尚），便不用負擔國家的差役，所以政府對考試管得很嚴。(This
examination was called the monk-registration examination. Those who passed the examination could receive proper training to become a monk. Then, he would be free from being a soldier or corvee labour recruited by the state. This is why the Tang government had to strictly control the examination.)
(圖片來源：「玄奘文化千年路」video 截圖）
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隋朝公元 615 年，隋朝政府在洛陽舉辦僧籍考試，取錄名額只得 14 人，
但考生卻有數百之多，競爭非常激烈。由於玄奘當年只得 13 歲，年紀太 小，被拒絕進入試場。(In 615 AD during the Sui dynasty, the Sui government held a monk-registration examination in Luoyang. The admission quota was 14 places in total, but there were hundreds of candidates. The competition was extremely fierce. As Xuanzang was only 13, he was too young to enter the examination hall.)
當時玄奘站立在試場之外，被主考官鄭善果發現，問他：「你為什麼想要
出家？」玄奘回答：「希望像佛祖一樣弘揚佛法」。鄭善果覺得玄奘日後必
成佛門的偉大人物，於是破例容許他入學。(When the examination was about to begin, Xuanzang stood outside the examination hall. Chief examiner Zheng Shanguo discovered him. He asked, “Why do you want to be a monk?”
Xuanzang replied “I hope to follow the example of the Buddha to promote Buddhist doctrines.” Zheng felt that Xuanzang would later become a great figure in Buddhism so he made an exception and enrolled him.)
(圖片來源：「玄奘文化千年路」video 截圖）
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玄奘於是正式出家，成為小沙彌，住在寺院學習佛經。(So Xuanzang formally left his home to become a novice monk. He lived in a monastery and studied Buddhist scriptures.)
(圖片來源：「玄奘文化千年路」video 截圖）
3. 請回答以下選擇題 (Answer the following multiple-choice questions)：
i. 隋朝時，凡是出家都要經過 (During the Sui dynasty, all monks had to go through)：
A. 天才表演 (A performance of genius) B. 外語訓練 (Foreign language training) C. 國家考核 (Imperial Examination) D. 體能測試 (Physical fitness test) 答案(Answer)：C
ii. 公元 612 年，洛陽舉行僧籍考試。通過考試的，便可去寺廟出家和學習
佛經，當時只錄取多少人？(In 612 AD, Luoyang held a monk-registration examination. Those who passed the exam could go to monasteries and learn Buddhist scriptures. How many people would be admitted?)
A. 10 人 (10 people) B. 14 人 (14 people) C. 20 人 (20 people) D. 27 人 (27 people) 答案(Answer)：B
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iii. 僧籍考試的主考官鄭善果破格取錄了玄奘，玄奘當時多少歲？(Zheng Shanguo, the chief examiner of the monk-registration exam, admitted Xuanzang as an exception. How old was Xuanzang at that time?) A. 13 歲 (13 years old)
B. 17 歲 (17 years old) C. 20 歲 (20 years old) D. 25 歲 (25 years old) 答案(Answer)：A
四. 玄奘法師的求學經歷 (The study experiences of Xuanzang) 資料三：玄奘法師求學曾經過的地方 (Source C: The places where
Xuanzang went to while studying)
長安 洛陽
成都
1 2
3
Luoyang Chang’an
Chengdu
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1 洛陽(Luoyang) 617 年，玄奘 15 歲，隋煬帝去世，帝國出現了動亂，
佛寺林立的洛陽成為盜賊搶掠的目標。仍在求學的 玄奘，計劃離開洛陽。(In 617, when Xuanzang was 15 years old, Emperor Yang of Sui died. The Sui empire was in turmoil and Luoyang, which was full of
Buddhist temples, became a target for looting.
Xuanzang, who was still studying, planned to leave Luoyang.)
2 長安(Chang’an) 618 年，玄奘 16 歲，隋朝滅亡，李淵建立唐朝，繼 續以長安為首都。玄奘於是離開洛陽，前往長安，
希望在那裏可以找到一所寺院，繼續學習。但他來 到長安後，才發覺當地的佛寺也受到戰爭的影響，
法師多已離開到四川避難。於是他啟程去成都，並 在那裏的空慧寺讀書。(In 618, when Xuanzang was 16, the Sui dynasty was collapsed. Li Yuan established the Tang dynasty and continued to use Chang’an as the capital. Xuanzang left Luoyang and went to Chang’an in the hopes of finding a monastery there to continue his studies. However, when he arrived in Chang’an, he realized that the local Buddhist temple was also
affected by the war. Most of the monks had left to take refuge in Sichuan. So, he left to Chengdu where he studied at Konghui Temple.)
3 成都(Chengdu) 622 年，玄奘 20 歲，在空慧寺學習了 4 年，完成了 佛門教育，並通過考核，正式取得僧人的資格，這
也表示玄奘由沙彌升為「比丘」。用今日的說話來
說，玄奘可以正式當佛門老師，成為玄奘法師。(In 622, Xuanzang was 20 years old and had studied at Konghui Monastry for 4 years. He completed the Buddhist education and passed the examination to formally obtain the qualification of monk. In other words, Xuanzang had been promoted from a sāmaṇera to a bhiksu, an ordained monk. In today’s words, Xuanzang could formally become a Buddhist teacher.) 4. 課堂討論：看完玄奘的求學經歷後，你認為玄奘個人有什麼優點值得你
學習？(Class Discussion: After reading Xuanzang’s study experience, what personal merits of Xuanzang are worth for learning?)
- 不畏艱辛、永不放棄的求學態度。(The attitude of studying without fear of hardships and never giving up.)
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五. 玄奘法師嘗試找工作 (Xuanzang tried to find a job)
資料四：玄奘找工作的足跡 (Source D: The footprint of Xuanzang in
finding a job)
622 年，玄奘成了比丘，開始找工作（在佛寺當老師）。但唐朝初年的
社會仍然非常動蕩，很難找工作。(In 622, Xuanzang became a full monk and began to look for a job (as a teacher in a Buddhist temple). However, early Tang dynasty society was still very turbulent and it was difficult to find a job.)
從 622 年開始，玄奘遍訪各地佛寺，雖然都受到禮遇，但卻沒有一所 佛寺願意把他留下來。(Starting from 622, Xuanzang visited various Buddhist temples. Although he was treated with courtesy, none of the Buddhist temples wanted to hire him.)
過了四年，到了 626 年，玄奘 24 歲，又回到長安。他拜會了這裏的大 和尚，但大和尚拒絕了他的教席申請。(Four years later, in 626, Xuanzang was 24 years old and returned to Chang'an. He visited an abbot here, but the abbot refused his application for the position.)
六.
玄奘法師的驚人毅力，從他不怕艱苦的求學態 度已經看得出來。(Xuanzang’s amazing
perseverance can be seen from his attitude of being unafraid of hardships in studying.)
長安
成都
相州
荊州
趙州
622 年
626 年
Zhaozhou
Xiangzhou
Jingzhou
Chengdu
Chang’an 你很有條件成為佛學大師，但
我們年紀很大，恐怕看不到這 一天了。(You have the
qualifications to become a great master of Buddhist studies. However, we are very old and fear we will not see that day.)
吓！(Okay!)
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六. 玄奘法師到海外升學 (Xuanzang studied abroad)
很多人遇到挫折便會放棄，但玄奘沒有！(Many people give up when they encounter setbacks, but Xuanzang did not!)
622-626 年間，玄奘訪遊了中國各地的佛寺，他明白到要找到一份教席
並不容易。他想：「如果我有多一點其他法師沒有的佛學經驗，那便大
大不同了！」(From 622 to 626, Xuanzang visited Buddhist monasteries all over China, and he understood that finding a teaching position was not easy.
He thought, "If I knew more about Buddhist studies than other Buddhist monks do then it may be easier”.)
這時，中國僧人所用的佛經，都不是從印度的古文字（梵文）翻譯過 來的，其中有不少的錯漏。一個優秀的法師，應該能直接了解佛經原 文。於是玄奘便有一個去天竺（印度）的想法，他的目的是：
一是學習梵文和佛教教義；
二是收集經書（取經）。
(At this time, the Buddhist scriptures used by the Chinese monks were not all translated from ancient Indian scripts (Sanskrit), and there were many errors and omissions. A good Buddhist monk should be able to directly understand the original text of the Buddhist scriptures. So Xuanzang had an idea to go to Tianzhu (India), with the purposes of:
Firstly, to learn Sanskrit and Buddhism;
Secondly, to collect Buddhist scriptures from India.)
天竺取經(Learning in India)
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(1) 認識印度古梵文—悉壜文字 (Knowing the ancient Sanskrit script (Siddham) of India)
資料五：悉壜文字 (Source E: Siddham)
玄奘要學習的梵文，便是這種悉壜文字。這是印度的古文字。(The Sanskrit that Xuanzang wanted to learn was a script called Siddham. This was India’s ancient writing.)
(圖片來源：維基百科：悉壜文字）
以下是悉壜文字裏面的「悉壜」二字。(The below is the word 悉壜 (Chinese characters of Siddham) written in Siddham script.)
(圖片來源：維基百科：悉壜文字）
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5. 班裏的非華語同學有懂得這種文字嗎？如有，請同學向班中其他的同學 介紹一下。(Do any non-Chinese speaking students in this class understand this ancient script? If there are, please introduce it to other students in the class.)
6. 梵文翻譯遊戲：請你猜猜這四個古梵文的意思，加以配對。(Siddham script Translation Game: Please guess the meaning of these four ancient Siddham characters and match them.)
災禍 (Disaster)
寂靜 (Silence)
愛 (Love)
根 (Root)
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(2) 玄奘的裝備 (The Equipment of Xuanzang)
資料六：《玄奘法師圖》(Source F: Image of Xuanzang)
玄奘法師的真實圖像已經沒法找到，目前最早的圖像，是日本畫家在 鎌倉時期（1185-1333 年）所繪畫的《玄奘法師圖》。這圖展示了玄奘 求法的裝備。(The real image of Xuanzang can no longer be found.
Currently, the earliest depiction is the painting “The Image of Xuanzang”.
It was painted by a Japanese artist in the Kamakura period (1185-1333).
This image shows the equipment Xuanzang used when travelling.)
(圖片來源：東京國立博物館藏(stored in the Tokyo National Museum)）
7. 請你配對玄奘各種裝備的功用。(Please match the functions with the equipment of Xuanzang.)
裝備(Equipment) 功用(Function)
小油燈(Oil lamp) 趕走蚊蟲(To drive away insects) 背包(Backpack) 嚇走強盜(To scare away robbers) 戒刀(Sword) 晚上照明(To provide light at night) 塵拂(Flywhisk) 收集佛經(To collect Buddhist scriptures)
小油燈 (Oil lamp)
塵拂 (Flywhisk)
背包 (Backpack)
戒刀 (Sword)
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8. 活動：2016 年中國郵政發行了玄奘郵票。這款郵票基本上是依據日本的 玄奘像創作，但改正了日本圖像兩處不大可能是玄奘當時的裝扮。請你 把這兩處圈出來。(Activity: In 2016, the China Post issued Xuanzang stamps. These stamps were created based on the Japanese depictions of Xuanzang. However, the new stamps modified two minor parts that were not likely to be part of Xuanzang's equipment at the time. Please circle these two parts.)
- 有部分佛教僧人的確有佩戴耳環的習慣，但那是很少數的事情況；至於
頸掛骷顱，通常是佛教密宗的特色，但圖中的骷顱並非常見的密宗圖 案。因此。日本畫家將兩者配在玄奘身上，確實有點不大合適。(Some Buddhist monks indeed had the habit of wearing earrings but this was a rare occurrence. The skulls hanging on the neck was a characteristic of
Vajrayana Buddhism. However, the skulls in the picture were not a common Vajrayana pattern. Therefore, it was inappropriate for the Japanese artists to draw these on Xuanzang.)
《玄奘法師圖》
(Image of Xuanzang)
2016 年中國郵政發行的玄奘郵票
(The Xuanzang stamps issued by the China Post in 2016)
少了大耳環 (Missing big
earrings) 九個骷顱變成一串
佛珠 (Nine skulls became a string of prayer beads)
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(3) 玄奘西行取經路線圖 (Map of Xuanzang's westbound route)
資料七：玄奘西行取經路線 (Source G: The westbound route of Xuanzang)
長 安
波 斯
天 竺
吐蕃
出國路線 (Exit Route) 回國路線 (Return Route)
敦 煌 伊
高 吾 昌 跋
祿 迦 國
瓜
州 涼
州 龜
茲
那 爛 陀 寺
曲 女 城
629 年（27 歲），開始西 行。(In 629 (27 years old), he began travelling
westwards.)
645 年，回到長安。(645, he returned to Chang’an.) 絲綢之路：艱苦的沙漠
旅程 (The Silk Road: A difficult desert journey)
拜師學藝：那爛陀寺是當時印度 最偉大的佛寺之一，玄奘在這裏 5 年，跟隨戒賢論師學習佛經。
(Apprenticeship: Nalanda was one of the greatest Buddhist
monasteries in India at the time.
Xuanzang was there for five years, studying Buddhist scriptures with Abbot Jiexian (Śīlabhadra).)
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長安 Chang’an 拓福迦國 Tuofujia state
涼州 Liangzhou 曲女城 Qunu cheng
瓜州 Guazhou 那爛陀寺 Nalanda Temple
敦煌 Dunhuang 波斯 Persia
伊吾 Yiwu 天竺 Tianzhu (India)
高昌 Gaochang 吐蕃 Tibet
龜茲 Qiuci
9. 根據圖中的資料，填寫以下的空格：(According to the information in the picture, fill in the following blanks:)
i. 玄奘 629年離開長安，645年回來，前後經過了 16年。(Xuanzang left Chang'an in 629 and returned in 645. He had been gone for 16 years.)
ii. 玄奘去程走陸路/海路；回程是走陸路/海路。(Xuanzang departed by land/sea. He returned by land/sea.)
iii. 在印度的遊歷中，玄奘在那爛陀寺進行了五年的學習。(During his travels in India, Xuanzang studied at Nalanda Temple for five years.)
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(4) 玄奘的佛學成就 (The achievements of Xuanzang in Buddhism)
資料八：玄奘到達曲女城及那爛陀寺 (Source H: Xuanzang arrived Kannauj and Nalanda Temple)
(圖片來源：「玄奘文化千年路」video 截圖）
Kannauj
Nalanda
玄奘(Xuanzang)
那爛陀寺遺址(The Ruins of Nalanda monastery)
玄奘 (Xuanzang)
戒賢大師 (Abbot Sīlabhadra) 玄奘在那爛陀寺接受嚴格的
教育後，來到附近的曲女 城，參加佛學辯論大會，會 上被推為辯論論主，論辯無 人能敵。(At Nalanda
monastery, Xuanzang received a strict education. He went to the nearby Kannauj to
participate in a Buddhist debate. At the event, he was recommended to be the main debater and performed in an unparalleled manner.)
那爛陀寺是印度最宏偉的佛寺 之一，也是研習佛學的最高學 府，有數百多萬卷以上的藏書，
僧眾多達萬人。它是玄奘西行的 目的地。(Nalanda was one of the grandest Buddhist monasteries in India and was also the most prestigious institution for studying Buddhism. It had million volumes of Sanskrit scripts and a large number of monks. It was the destination of Xuanzang's journey to the west.)
玄奘來到那爛陀寺，即 拜住持戒賢為師，在寺 研習佛經 5 年。(When Xuanzang came to Nalanda monastery, he paid respects to the abbot, Master Sīlabhadra, and he studied Buddhist scriptures there for 5 years.)
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(5) 學成歸國 (Returning from study)
資料九：玄奘返回長安 (Source I: Xuanzang returned to Chang’an) 唐太宗貞觀十九年（645），玄奘 43 歲，回到離開了 16 年的長安，
整個首都的居民都非常開心。這時太宗在洛陽，命令官員沿途護送 玄奘入城，同時下令長安居民在隊伍經過的時候，只可燒香迎接，
不得走動，以防互相踐踏。(In 645, Xuanzang was 43 years old. When he finally returned to Chang'an after having been away for 16 years, the whole capital's residents were extremely happy. At this time, Emperor Taizong was in Luoyang and he ordered officials to escort Xuanzang into the city along the way. At the same time, as too many Buddhist
worshippers gathered in streets, he ordered these worshippers to stay calm when the entourage passed by so as to avoid stampedes.)
(圖片來源：「玄奘文化千年路」video 截圖）
10. 活動：下面哪些是長安佛教信眾熱烈歡迎玄奘歸國的原因？(可選多 項)(Activity: Which of the following are reasons for Chang'an Buddhist believers warmly welcomed the return of Xuanzang to China? (Multiple options may be selected))
玄奘留學印度多年，精通印度佛學的《經藏》、《律藏》和《論
藏》三大經典，是名副其實的「三藏法師」。(Xuanzang studied abroad in India for many years. He was proficient in Indian
Buddhist classics.)
✓
長安居民無所事事，看熱鬧。(Chang’an residents had nothing to do but to watch the excitement.)
玄奘從印度帶回 650 多部佛教書籍，大開眼界。(Xuanzang brought back more than 650 Buddhist Sanskrit scripts from India.)
✓
玄奘帶回多種印度美食，沿途派送。(Xuanzang brought back a variety of Indian delicacies and gifted them along the way.)
玄奘從印度帶來 150 粒如來佛祖的「舍利」。（「舍利」是僧人 ✓
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火葬後留下來的小骨頭，高僧的「舍利」被視為具有某種法力，
是佛門的聖物。）(Xuanzang brought 150 relics of the Buddha from India. These relics were small bones left behind by the Buddha after cremation. During that time, these relics were considered to have certain powers and were the sacred objects of Buddhism.)
大部分是玄奘親戚，前來探望。(Most of them were Xuanzang’s relatives who had come to visit.)
資料十：玄奘見唐太宗 (Source J: Xuanzang met Emperor Taizong of
Tang Dynasty)
(圖片來源：「玄奘文化千年路」video 截圖）
你還俗當大官吧！
(Will you consider leaving the monastic order to become a high ranking official?)
只想懇求陛下賜一 個清潔寧靜的地 方，讓我可以翻譯從 印度帶回的佛經。(I only want to request your Majesty to give me a clean and quiet place to translate Buddhist scriptures I brought back from India.)
我不勉強你，但在譯 經之餘，把在西域的 所見所聞，寫一份報 告，一年後交給我。
(I will not force you.
However, after translating the scriptures, please write a report on what you have seen and heard in the Western Regions and give it to me a year later.)
……
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資料十一：《大唐西域記》 (Source K: Great Tang Records on the
Western Regions)
這就是《大唐西域記》的由來。(This was the origin of the Great Tang
Records on the Western Regions.)
(圖片來源：「玄奘文化千年路」video 截圖）
資料十二：大雁塔 (Source L: Dayan Pagoda)
玄奘在長安，先居弘福寺，後移居大慈恩寺，寺內修建了大雁塔，
以保存玄奘由印度帶回的佛經。(In Chang’an, Xuanzang at first lived in the Hongfu Buddhist monastery and later moved to Da ci'en Buddhist monastery. At Da ci'en monastry, Xuanzang built a grand library, the Dayan Pagoda, to preserve the Buddhist scriptures he had brought back from India.)
玄奘從回到長安的 645 年至去世的 664 年，前後 20 年間，一共 翻譯了 75 部佛經，對中國佛教的弘揚貢獻極大。(In 20 years, from 645, when Xuanzang returned to Chang'an, to 664 when he died, a total of 75 Buddhist scriptures were translated. This was a large contribution to the promotion of Chinese Buddhism.)
大雁塔 (Dayan Pagoda)
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資料十三：有關玄奘的郵票 (Source M: A stamp about Xuanzang)
大雁塔 (Dayan Pagoda)
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七. 玄奘西行的貢獻 (The Legacies of Xuanzang)
11. 活動：在這五項玄奘西行的貢獻中，哪三項是印度文化對中國的影 響？(Activity: Among the five contributions of Xuanzang's journey to the west, which three show the influence of Indian culture on China?) 答案(Answer)：A, B, E
A. 玄奘翻譯了大量印度佛經，豐富了中國佛教的內容。(Xuanzang translated a large number of Indian Buddhist scriptures and enriched the content of Chinese Buddhism.)
B. 印度佛教造像藝術的傳入 (The Introduction of Indian Buddhist Statue Art)
玄奘回來後，更 多佛寺建成，需 要佛像。
(After Xuanzang returned, more Buddhist temples were built and more Buddhist statues were needed.)
生意很好！
(Business is going well!)
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C. 玄奘的著作《大唐西域記》記錄了唐初絲綢之路的風土人情，是難得的 歷史著作。(The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions authored by Xuanzang recorded the local conditions and customs found on the Silk Road in the early Tang dynasty. It is a rare historical work.)
D. 明朝吳承恩根據玄奘西行的事蹟，創作了小說《西遊記》，成為中國四
大小說之一。(Based on Xuanzang's experiences, Wu Cheng’en of the Ming Dynasty wrote the novel Journey to the West. It became one of China's four great fictional pieces.)
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E. 受印度文化影響，唐代開鑿石窟作為廟宇大為流行。(Influenced by Indian culture, the excavation of caves to use as Buddhist temples became popular in the Tang Dynasty.)
(圖片來源：《世界歷史漫遊記：絲綢之路與玄奘西行》，北京：地質出版社，
2016 年，頁 131, 139, 141）
如對本教材有任何意見，可聯絡課程發展處個人、社會及人文教育組：
黃浩明先生（erichmwong@edb.gov.hk; 35406829）或 羅嘉恩女士（lokayan@edb.gov.hk; 28925882）
發佈日期：18/1/2022
