比較圖書館學研究上幾個尚待解決的課題

ᙯᔣෟĞKeywordsğĈͧྵဦ३ᐡጯć઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯćͧྵࡁտ

Comparative Librarianship; International Librarianship; Comparative Research

ૺလ૽Ĉ઼ϲᄂ៉̂ጯဦ३ྤੈጯࡁտٙ౾̀঱ć E-mail: leonbin@archives.gov.tw

[1] John F. Harvey, "Toward a Definition of International and Comparative Library Science," in D. J.

Foskett, Reader in Comparative Librarianship (Englewood, Co.: Information Handling Services, 1976), p.33.

ၡ ࢋ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ൴ბٺ 1954 ѐĂଘҋ 1990 ѐޢĂ׎൴णೀͼ఍ٺઃ႖ې

ၗĂ͹Я˜ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯጯࡊώኳ˯̪ѣ˘ֱኝᗟإϏྋՙĂΒӣጯࡊؠཌྷăጯ ࡊؠҜăጯࡊቑಛᄃ၆෪̝ࠧؠ̈́ࡁտሀёඈĄώ͛੫၆˯ࢗኝᗟซҖஎտĂ֭

೩΍ඊ۰̝֍Ăͽࠎޢᜈጯ۰ଂְͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտॡ̝מણĄ઱ѣ౅࿅̙ᕝ۞

ࡁտĂ˯ࢗጯࡊώኳ˯̝ۋኢ̖ѣు႙୻೽۞዇၏̈́Вᙊ۞யϠĄ

˘ă ჰ ኢ

ͧྵࡁտ໚੓ٺ 16 ͵ࡔ۞ͧྵྋ࣠ጯĂҋѩĂధк׎΁ጯࡊӈणฟͧྵࡁ տĂኜт͕நጯăᗁጯăϠۏጯăϠ̼ጯăᄬ֏ጯă؟ିጯăڱޠጯ̈́ିֈጯ ඈĄ^[1] дٙѣͧྵࡁտ̚Ăᄃͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ౵࠹ᙯ۞ᅳાᑕᛳͧྵିֈጯĂ׎൴ ण̏෹࿅˘͵ࡔ̝˳Ăְ҃၁˯Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ኜкໄه࠰໚ҋٺͧྵିֈ ጯĄ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ˯ೀ࣎

إޞྋՙ۞ኝᗟ

ૺ လ ૽

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ൴ბٺ 1954 ѐĂ Chase Dane ٙᇤᆷ۞׌ቔ͛ౢ"The Benefits of Comparative Librarianship"̈́"Comparative Librarianship"Ă͔ซ˞ͧྵဦ३ᐡ ጯྍෟຉĂ΁ώˠϺజჍࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡ̝АᜭĄ^[2] ଘ༊ॡͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ֭՟ѣ͔

੓͉̂۞ڦຍâۡҌ 60 ă 70 ѐ΃ޢĂధкጯ۰࠹ᚶԸˢѩᅳાĂͧྵဦ३ᐡ ጯ̖ϒёฟ܅ඕڍĂϺࠎ׎ࡁտ۞เܛॡഇĄ

80 ѐ΃ޢഇĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯኢ඾ഴ͌ĂҌ 90 ѐ΃Ăೀͼ՟ѣາ͛ౢ൴ܑ

Ğ̂ౙгડੵγğĂ׎ጱЯ˜ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯጯࡊώኳ˯̪ѣ˘ֱኝᗟإޞྋՙĂ఺

ֱኝᗟΒӣጯࡊؠཌྷăጯࡊؠҜăጯࡊቑಛᄃ၆෪̝ࠧؠ̈́ࡁտሀёඈĄְ၁

˯Ă 60 ă 70 ѐ΃ॡഇĂధкጯ۰ᇤ͛ॡĂӈٺጯࡊώኳ˯ۋኢ̙ЃĂ҃Ҍ̫

̪Ϗᒔ଀೼ّ࿆̝ВᙊĄώ͛੫၆˯ࢗͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ˯ೀ࣎إޞྋՙ۞ኝᗟ

̶ࢗт˭Ă֭೩΍ඊ۰̝֍Ăͽࠎޢᜈጯ۰ଂְͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտॡ̝מણĄ઱

ѣ౅࿅̙ᕝ۞ࡁտĂ˯ࢗጯࡊώኳ˯̝ۋኢ̖ѣు႙୻೽۞዇၏̈́Вᙊ۞யϠĄ

˟ă ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ؠཌྷ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ੓໚ٺ 1954 ѐĂд 60 ă 70 ѐ΃ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ౵Ꮈ஽ॡ ഇĂጯ۰ࣇ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯؠཌྷ̝ۋኢϏЃĂ࿇ኢ 90 ѐ΃ޢࡁտഴ͌Ăѩય ᗟ̪՟ѣᒔ଀ॲώ˯̝ᗃ୻Ąͽ˭ӈֶॡมึԔĂ૟ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ؠཌྷ̶ࢗт ޢĄ

1954 ѐĂ Dane ೩΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯѩෟຉॡĂᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎࡁտ ధк઼छ̝൴णĂͽ൴֍ֱࣹ൴ण̏གྷјΑĂͷΞͽϼड़Ąιߏͽ઼ᅫቑಛ၆ဦ ३ᐡࣧநᄃ͞੫ٙү۞҂၅Ăͽቁؠܜഇ̝ᔌ๕ăෞҤ׎৿ε̈́೬ϯநኢᄃ၁ኹ ม̝Ϭ࠼ᄃ௲༼Ą^[3]

1964 ѐĂ Carl White ᄮࠎĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎ˘ܝͽ̙Тгநડાᄃ߆ڼડ

ા̚நኢ׶၁ኹ˯۞৵Մࠎ၆෪̝ጯࡊĄι่̙ߏ˘ܝጯࡊĂϺߏ˘჌ࡁտ͞

ڱĄ^[4]

[2] Wang Chih, "A Brief Introduction to Comparative Librarianship," International Library Review 17 (Apr. 1985), p.107.

[3] Chase Dane, "Comparative Librarianship," in D. J. Foskett, Reader in Comparative Librarianship (Englewood, Co.: Information Handling Services, 1976), p.23.

[4] J. Periam Danton, The Dimensions of Comparative Librarianship (Chicago: ALA, 1973), p.31.

1965 ѐĂ D. J. Foskett ೩΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ͹ࢋᆊࣃдٺֹϡࡊጯ͞ڱĂͽ

ֻဦ३ᐡ૞ຽ۞ซणČČᄓะྤफ़ă៍၅னѣր௚ăෞณߙֱ઄నٕ၁ᅫଐڶĂ ͽֻણ҂ĄࠖѩĂдͧྵࡁտ̚Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎ൴֍পؠᒖဩ̚۞ซՎሀёĂ

ࣕܮᄃ΁჌ሀё࠹̢ͧྵĂԱ΍׎ВТᕇ׶मளᕇĄ^[5]

1966 ѐĂ Miles Jackson ೩̈́Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎ၆̙Т઼छဦ३ᐡְຽநኢ ᄃ၁ኹ˯ͧྵࡁտ̝ᅳાĂ׎ϫ۞дஎˢ֭ᕖण෹෸઼छࠧࢨ̝યᗟ˞ྋĄ^[6] Т ѐĂ Louis Shores Ϻ೩΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏࡁտᄃͧྵ͵ࠧ˯̙Т઼छဦ३ᐡ̝

நኢᄃ၁ኹĂϫ۞дᕖण֭எˢ૞ຽયᗟ̈́ྋՙ̝྽Ą^[7] Ϥ˯ΞۢĂ Jackson ̈́ Shores ׌Ҝጯ۰၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯؠཌྷ̝࠻ڱ̂࡭࠹ТĄ

1971 ѐĂ Dorothy Collings ٺဦ३ྤੈጯѺࡊБ३̚൴ܑ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡ ጯؠཌྷ̝࠻ڱĂ׎೩΍ؠཌྷߏҌ̫జጯ۰ࣇ̳ٙᄮࠎ౵ᝋރ̝ᄲڱĄ΁ᄮࠎĂͧ

ྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎд̙Тᒖဩ̚Ğ఼૱ߏд̙Т઼ޘ̚ğဦ३ᐡ൴णă၁ኹٕ̙Тય ᗟ۞̶ژĄ఺჌̶ژ׶хдٺྍᒖဩ̚።Ϋăгநă߆ڼăགྷᑻăۤົă̼͛۞

̈́׎΁ՙؠّࡦഀЯ৵࠹ᙯĄଂώኳ˯ᄲĂιߏଣ੅ဦ३ᐡ൴णЯ৵۞࠹ֶ̢Ꮵ ᙯܼĂιࠎˠࣇ၆ဦ३ᐡયᗟ۞ᄮᙊ೩ֻ˞˘୧ࢦࢋ̝౉शĄ^[8]

1973 ѐĂ Periam Danton ၆ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯٙࠧؠ۞ؠཌྷࠎଂۤົă߆ڼă གྷᑻă̼͛ăຍᙊݭၗ׶።Ϋ۞៍ᕇĂ̶ژ׌ٕ࣎к઼࣎छă̼ٕ͛ۤົᒖဩ̝

ဦ३ᐡăဦ३ᐡր௚׶ဦ३ᐡְຽĄѩ̶ژ̝ϫ۞Ăࠎ˞ྋ׎ளТ఍Ăซ҃၆̙

Т۞ྋᛖĂ଀ז˘ਠ఼݋Ą^[9] ТѐĂ John Harvey ტЪкҜጯ۰ᄲڱ೩΍Ăͧྵ

ဦ३ᐡጯࠎ˘࣎Ҿ̈́ځቁ۞ᅳાĂ੫၆׌ٕ࣎׌࣎ͽ˯઼छ۞ߙ˘͹ᗟĂމ៍ᄃ ѣր௚۞ͧྵ׶၆ͧĂͽ྿јඕኢĂ֭ѣӄٺ˞ྋĄѩγĂ΁ᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ ߏ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯĞInternational Library Scienceğ۞̶͚Ą઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯΒ߁Ĉγ

઼ဦ३ᐡጯĞForeign Library Scienceğă઼ᅫ፟ၹဦ३ᐡጯĞInternational Institutional Library Scienceğ̈́ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĄ^[10]

[5] Тො 4 Ă p. 31 Ą

[6] Тො 1 Ă pp. 35-36 Ą

[7] Тො 1 Ă p. 35 Ą

[8] Dorothy G. Collings, "Comparative Librarianship," in D. J. Foskett, Reader in Comparative Librarianship (Englewood, Co.: Information Handling Services, 1976), p.26.

[9] ౮ฮսĂIJͧྵᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯໄᄲijĂĮ઼ϲ̚δဦ३ᐡᐡΏįĂາ 25Ĉ2Ğ1992.12ğĂࢱ 7Ą

[10] Тො 1 Ă pp. 36-39 Ą

1974 ѐĂ Sylvia Simsova ೩΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏͽဦ३ᐡְຽ̚˘̷Ξͧ

ྵְۏࠎࡁտ̰ट۞˘ܝጯࡊĄͧྵ͞ڱߏͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᅳા྆۞ࢦࢋ௡јొ

̶ĂߏͽĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯд࿅Ν˘ۡజෛࠎ˘჌͞ڱă˘჌ᄮᙊְۏ۞౉शĂ҃

Ϗజ࠻јߏ˘ܝጯࡊĄ^[11]

͵ࠧЧ઼၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ̝ሤሗ႙ੜޢĂ̂ౙ၆ٺ׎ࡁտ҃͞ͅᎸϏ ғĂࣔگăͳ২ăӓᇐຎăւ˧̈́ᔨчৌඈߏྵࢦࢋ۞ጯ۰Ă׎̚ᔨчৌٙበ඾

۞Įͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ͔ኢį˘३Հࠎ̂ౙͧྵဦ३ᐡጯኝ඀̝ିՄĄ̂ౙጯ۰၆ٺ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯؠཌྷ̝֍ྋ̙˘Ăͽ˭่ፄၡᔨчৌăࣔگ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ؠ ཌྷĄ׌Ҝጯ۰޽΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯΞͽܑࢗࠎĂ૞޽෹෸઼ࠧăϔ୉ă̼͛ăۤ

ົᒖဩࠧࢨͽ̈́෹෸ॡ΃ࠧࢨ۞ဦ३ᐡ၁ኹ׶நኢ۞ͧྵࡁտĂͽ೬ϯ׎൴णఢ ޠĄ^[12]

ଂ˯ࢗጯ۰ࣇ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ؠཌྷΞ࠻΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᅮҌ͌Βӣ׌

ٕ࣎׌࣎ͽ˯઼छĞϔ୉ă̼͛̈́ۤົඈğ̝ͧྵĂͷυืѣֻΞͧྵְ̝ۏٕ

ᆸࢬĂᖣͽᒔ଀ဦ३ᐡጯࣰጯٕநኢ̝ૄᖂĄ൒ඊ۰၆ٺ˯ࢗͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᅮҌ

͌ঘ̈́׌ٕ࣎׌࣎ͽ˯઼छ̝ͧྵᅲ̙ᙒТĂጯ۰ Simsova ̈́ Shores Ϻ޺࠹Т

̝࠻ڱĂ҃ྍొЊ̝੅ኢ૟̶ࢗٺޢĄ

ˬă ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯૄώநኢયᗟ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ።གྷܕ̣˩ѐ̝൴णĂ൒ጯ۰၆ٺ˘ֱૄώநኢ˯۞યᗟ̪Ϗ ᒔ଀ВᙊĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ؠཌྷӈࠎ˘ּĄૄώநኢયᗟϏᒔྋՙĂତᜈᇆᜩ˘

࣎ጯࡊώኳ˯̝൴णĂ҃ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯଂ൴णͽֽĂࠤҌ˘ۡజొ̶ጯ۰ኳႷ׎

ߏӎࠎ˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊĄѩγĂϤ˯ࢗયᗟ͔Ϧ۞ኝᗟࠎ׎ࡁտቑಛᄃ၆෪ࠧؠ̈́

ጯࡊࠧࢨ̝યᗟĄ઱ѣ၆ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯૄώநኢᒔ࡭ВᙊޢĂ̖֖ͽពனྍጯࡊ

̝পᕇĄ੫၆˯ฟયᗟĂඊ۰̶ࢗт˭Ĉ )˘*ߏӎࠎ˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊ

д Dane ೩΍ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯໄهॡĂ΁֭Ϗ੫၆ྍયᗟซҖኢࢗĂٕధ༊ॡ

΁၆ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ໄه̪࠹༊ሀቘĂߏͽĂϏΝஎޥѩநኢ˯̝યᗟĄͧྵဦ

[11] Тො 9 Ăࢱ 8 Ą

[12] ᔨчৌăࣔگĂIJͧྵဦ३ᐡጯጱኢijĂĮ͇ߺဦ३ᐡጯΏįĂ 1986 Ĉ 2Ğ1986ğĂࢱ 134- 136 Ą

३ᐡጯ൴णҌ̫Ăͧྵ͞ڱ˘ۡߏͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᅳા྆۞ࢦࢋ௡јొ̶ĂЯѩ Simsova ޽΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯд࿅Ν˘ۡజෛࠎ˘჌͞ڱă˘჌ᄮᙊְۏ۞౉

श Ă ҃ Ϗ జ ࠻ ј ߏ ˘ ܝ ጯ ࡊ Ą ൒ ΁ ώ ֗ ֭ ̙ ᙒ Т ˯ ࢗ ᄲ ڱ Ă Я ѩ ΁ ᇤ ᆷ

"Comparative Librarianship as an Academic Subject" ˘͛̚Ăӈ૟ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ ؠཌྷࠎͽဦ३ᐡְຽ̚˘̷Ξͧྵְۏࠎࡁտ̰ट۞˘ܝጯࡊĄ^[13] ͟ώጯ۰ Jayakuru അ੫၆ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏ˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊٕࡁտ͞ڱᇤ͛Ă׎Ϻᄮࠎͧྵဦ ३ᐡጯᑕࠎ˘ܝ፾ϲ̝ጯࡊĄ^[14]

ᔨчৌፋநጯ۰ࣇ੫၆ѩᛉᗟ̝ຍ֍Ă̂࡭૟׎̶јˬᙷĈ^[15]

1.၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏӎჍ଀˯˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊ۞࠻ڱĂ޺ᘃႷ۞ၗޘ

ѩࠁ۞ጯ۰ࣇᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ่ࠎࡁտဦ३ᐡጯ۞˘჌͞ڱĂӈٙᏜ۞

Ķ͞ڱࠁķĄѣ۞ځቁܑϯĂ˵ధࢋ౹ޙညͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ఺ᇹ˘ܝጯࡊߏϖᅈ̙Ξ ਕ۞ְĄѣ۞ۡତ޽΍ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĶ၁ᅫಶߏྻϡͧྵ͞ڱ၆ဦ३ᐡซҖࡁտ ቪ˞ĄķČČТॡĂ΁ࣇᔘ೩΍˘ܝጯࡊ̝ٙͽਕૉޙϲĂ̙֭дٺ׎ߏӎ͔ϡ

̦ᆃ͞ڱĂ҃ߏֶ໰׎׍វ۞ࡁտ၆෪ĄΞߏͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ˵Тᇹࡁտဦ३ᐡĂ

׌۰੎̙ҋ࠹Ϭ࠼ĉፂѩĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯώ̙֭֗ߏဦ३ᐡጯ۞̶͚Ă҃ߏ˘჌

ဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ͞ڱ۞ЩჍĄ

2.ᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏဦ३ᐡጯ̚۞˘ܝ፾ϲ̶͚ጯࡊĂӈٙᏜĶጯࡊࠁķ

Collings ᄮࠎĶүࠎ˘ܝጯఙّጯࡊ۞ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĂ׎ૄώ؟ўдٺವՐ

·̶ᄮᙊ֭ᛚᛖѣᙯ۞ဦ३ᐡវטٕဦ३ᐡયᗟķĄϫ݈̚γጯ۰Тຍጯࡊࠁ៍

ᕇ۞اкᇴĄ൒҃Ă΁ࣇ۞࠻ڱ֭ܧԆБ˘࡭Ą΁ࣇдٚᄮͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏ˘ܝ

፾ϲጯࡊ۞݈೩˭Ă˫΍னధк̶ڡຍ֍Ąѣ۞ጯ۰ᄮࠎĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏଂဦ ३ᐡጯ̶̼̚΍ֽ۞˘ܝ౵ѐᅅጯࡊĄѣ۞݋ԯͧྵဦ३ᐡጯෛࠎ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ

఺˘ᓁጯࡊ۞̶͚Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᑕᛳٺ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ̝ቑᘞĄ

3.ᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ่̙ߏ˘ܝ፾ϲ۞̶͚ጯࡊĂͷϺߏ˘჌ࡁտ͞ڱĂӈٙᏜ ĶԶਾࠁķ

[13] S. Simsova, "Comparative Librarianship as an Academic Subject," Journal of Librarianship 6 (Oct. 1974), pp.50-56.

[14] K. S. Jayakuru, "Comparative Librarianship-Subject or Research Method," Library Association Record 76 (May 1974), pp.91-92.

[15] ᔨчৌበ඾ĂĮͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ͔ኢįĞ͇ߺĈݑฟ̂ጯ΍ۍۤĂ 1993ğĂࢱ 20-26 Ą

ѝд 1964 ѐॡĂ White ᆷ྽ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ่̙ߏ˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊĂϺߏ˘჌

ࡁտ͞ڱĄޝព൒Ăࢋଂְ఺ܝጯࡊࡁտಶ଀ᇃھವԱЧ჌͛ᚥĂϺӈͽͧྵ͞

ڱүࠎࡁտૄᖂ׶߱͘Ăซ҃ԛјͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĄߏͽĂ׎ߊߏ˘჌ࡁտ͞ڱĂ Ϻࠎ˘ܝࡁտጯࡊĄ

઼̰ᓦநॳд׎Įͧྵဦ३ᐡጯጱኢį˘३̚Ă੫၆ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯտౣߏ˘

ܝጯࡊٕߏ˘჌ࡁտ͞ڱĂ̶ٙژ۞ඕڍᄃᔨчৌି଱࠹ТĂӈ૟׎ડ̶ࠎͧྵ

ဦ३ᐡጯߏ˘ܝጯࡊăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏ˘჌ࡁտ͞ڱ̈́ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߊߏ˘ܝጯ ࡊĂ˫ߏ˘჌ࡁտ͞ڱඈˬ჌࠻ڱĄ^[16]

̂ౙጯ۰ւ˧၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯጯࡊّኳ˯̝ۋბĂд͛ౢ̚೩΍Ă͞ڱࠁ ᄃጯࡊࠁ۞ۋኢᘈ͟޺˳ĂҌ̫Ϗ֍౼࢑̶ፍĄᄃ׎ซҖ఺჌ਈˠჟ˧۞੺ٛڗ ёۋኢĂ̙тซҖ˘ֱཙኼ၁г۞׍វࡁտĂ̷̷၁၁г೩੼ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁ տͪπĄ^[17]

၆ٺ˯ࢗˬ჌ᙯٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯጯࡊؠҜ˯̝ຍ֍Ăᔨч࢐̈́ᓦநॳି଱׌

ˠ࠰ྵ้Шͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎ˘ܝጯࡊ̝࠻ڱĂӈͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏဦ३ᐡጯ۞̶͚

ጯࡊĂ̙҃ಏ৷ߏ˘჌ࡁտ͞ڱĄඊ۰݋ྵᄮТௐˬ჌ᄲڱĂӈͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߊ ߏ˘ܝጯࡊĂ˫ߏ˘჌ࡁտ͞ڱĄт݈ٙࢗĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯүࠎ˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊ̝

гҜ̏൑૶ཉႷĂೇͽͧྵ͞ڱࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯડҾ׎΁ဦ३ᐡጯ̶͚ጯࡊ̝ࢦ

ࢋপҒĂЯѩͧྵဦ३ᐡጯଂ൴णͽֽĂӈѣధкጯ۰ᄮࠎ׎ࠎ˘჌ࡁտ͞ڱĄ ߏͽĂඊ۰ྵᄮТԶਾࠁ̝ᄲڱĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎ˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊĂ˫ࠎ˘჌ࡁտ

͞ڱĄ

)˟*ࡁտ၆෪ᄃቑಛ̝ࠧؠ

Їң˘ܝጯࡊౌѣιপؠ۞ࡁտ၆෪ᄃቑಛĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯϺּ̙γĄଘଂ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ೩΍ޢĂጯ۰ࣇ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ၆෪ᄃቑಛ̝ଣ੅ؕ௣՟ѣ

ઃͤĂ҃׎ࠧؠ̪ϏԛјВᙊĄᔨчৌି଱Ϻ೩̈́Ăˠࣇ၆ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ᄮᙊ ᐌ඾ˠࣇᄮᙊਕ˧۞೩੼̙҃ᕝ൴ण׶எ̼ĂТॡĂ̙Тጯ۰ᔘхд඾̙Т۞ந ྋĂЯѩЧ჌ᛖཌྷ˵ಶତᏫ҃ҌĄ^[18] ͽ˭ಶͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ၆෪ᄃቑಛ̝ࠧ

[16] ᓦநॳበĂĮͧྵဦ३ᐡጯጱኢįĞᄂΔĈᄂ៉ጯϠ३ԊĂ 1994ğĂࢱ 27-28 Ą

[17] Ꮒ˧ĂIJͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտனڶტࢗijĂĮ̂ጯဦ३ᐡጯಡįĂ 2Ğ1989ğĂࢱ 31 Ą

[18] ᔨчৌĂIJˣ˩ѐ΃ͽֽ̂ౙͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտტࢗijĂĮဦ३ᐡጯᄃྤੈࡊጯįĂ 21 Ĉ 2 Ğ1995ğĂࢱ 42 Ą

ؠ̶ࢗтޢĈ

1.ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտ၆෪

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ၆෪˯̝ۋბ͹ࢋ඾ீٺ׎ࡁտߏӎѣ઼छĞгડğ̝ࢨ טĂϺӈࡁտߏӎ෹෸઼छ̝ࠧࢨĄ 1954 ѐĂ Dane ೩΍ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯॡĂӈ ᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎࡁտధк઼छ̝൴णĂČČιߏͽ઼ᅫቑಛ၆ဦ३ᐡࣧநᄃ

͞੫ٙү۞҂၅Ăͽቁؠܜഇ̝ᔌ๕ăෞҤ׎৿ε̈́೬ϯநኢᄃ၁ኹม̝Ϭ࠼ᄃ

௲༼Ą˯ࢗؠཌྷĂܑځ˞ Dane ૻአ၆ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߏĶк઼ޘķ۞ࡁտ៍ᕇĄ Collings ٚ᝚׎ຍ֍Ăᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎྭ઼ޘăྭ።Ϋăྭгநăྭ߆ڼă

ྭགྷᑻඈྭ̼̝͛៍ᕇĄ Danton ᄮࠎĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎ̶ژ׌ٕ࣎к઼࣎छă

̼ٕ͛ۤົᒖဩ̝ဦ३ᐡăဦ३ᐡր௚׶ဦ३ᐡְຽĂϺૻአྭ઼ޘͧྵ̝៍

ᕇĄ

൒੫၆˘઼̝̰ٙଂְ̝ဦ३ᐡጯͧྵࡁտĂᙱ྽ಶ൑ڱჍ̝ࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡ ጯࡁտ๜ĉּтᄂ៉гડဦ३ྤੈጯրኝ඀̝ͧྵࡁտĄߏͽĂޢֽౙᜈѣ˘ֱ

ጯ۰ͅ၆ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ่ࢨٺྭ઼ޘ̝ͧྵĂᄮࠎ˘઼̝̰̝ဦ३ᐡጯͧྵࡁտ ϺΞჍࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտĄ޺ѩ჌៍ᕇ౵ѣЩ۞ˠۏ༊ଯ Shores ̈́ Simsova

׌Ҝጯ۰Ą Simsova дᛚࢗ׎࠻ڱॡĂᇈ͔˞ͧྵྋ࣠ጯ۞ؠཌྷĂĶፋ࣎ᖻវᄃ

׎ٙѣ͹ࢋၹјొ̶̝ͧྵĂ̈́ፋវᄃ׎ొ̶̝࠹̢ᙯܼķĂ֭ޙᛉ૟఺࣎ؠཌྷ ᑕϡזͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĂֹ఺࣎ؠཌྷ଀ͽΒ߁ֱ֤̙ᅮ෹෸઼ࠧ۞ࡁտĂּт˘઼

̝̰ฏՅ׶ݱξ઼३ᐡڇચ۞ͧྵĄ^[19] ѩγĂ̂ౙጯ۰ᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ ᑕᕖ̂׎ࡁտ၆෪Ă่̙ࡁտᑕ෹෸۩มĞ઼छğĂϺᑕ෹෸ॡม̝ࠧࢨĄּт ᄂ៉гડЍೇ݈ޢ̝ဦ३ᐡְຽͧྵࡁտ઼ٕ̚ځ୻ဦ३ᐡְຽ̝ͧྵࡁտඈĄ

ࠖѩĂඊ۰ᄮࠎĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ၆෪ᑕѣᇃཌྷ̈́বཌྷ׌჌̶౎Ąᇃཌྷ҃

֏Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտᑕΒӣᓂШ׶ፖШ̝ͧྵࡁտĄᓂШߏ޽෹෸઼ޘĞ۩มğ

̝ဦ३ᐡٕဦ३ᐡְຽ۞ͧྵࡁտĂ҃ፖШߏ޽ྭ෸ॡม̝ဦ३ᐡٕဦ३ᐡְຽ

۞ͧྵࡁտĄবཌྷ҃֏Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ၆෪่ࢨٺ̙Т઼छ̝ဦ३ᐡٕဦ३ ᐡְຽ۞ͧྵࡁտĂ҃׎ॡม̙ኢߏдТ˘ॡมᕇٕд̙Тॡมᕇ˯Ąӕߋᆲፋ நጯ۰ࣇ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ၆෪̝࠻ڱĂᙒТᇃཌྷؠཌྷ̝ጯ۰ĂΒӣ Shores ă Simsova ̈́ᔨчৌඈćᙒТবཌྷؠཌྷ̝ጯ۰ĂΒӣ Dane ă Danton ă

[19] ࠢӀܠؒą̜࿲ĞPeriam Dantonğ඾ć᝺ݓ፨ᛌćౘᕃ඲७ĂĮͧྵဦ३ᐡጯໄኢįĞΔִĈ ३ϫ͛ᚥ΍ۍۤĂ 1980ğĂࢱ 19 Ą

̂ౙጯ۰ӓᇐຎăૺ͇ܷ̈́ཧДДඈĄ^[20]

2.ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտቑಛ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտቑಛפՙٺι۞ࡁտ၆෪Ą˯ࢗᛚځࡁտ၆෪Ă̙γߏ ᓂШ׶ፖШ׌ᙷͧྵĂ׎̚ᓂШͧྵߏҿᕝᚶٚăӛפ׎གྷរ׶ି੊ćፖШͧྵ

ߏଂЧ઼۞࠹̢ᇆᜩ̚Ăତצ̦ᆃĂጯ௫̦ᆃĄͧྵဦ३ᐡጯଂְᓂШ።Ϋّࡁ տ׶ፖШВॡّଣ੅Ă࠰ᛳٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ࡁտ၆෪Ą^[21] ߏͽĂঘ̈́ͧྵဦ ३ᐡጯጯࡊࠧࢨ̝યᗟĂጯ۰ࣇ̝࠻ڱĂ׎ڡளّ̪࠹༊̂Ăͽ˭ӈ૟ѩᛉᗟ፾

ϲซҖኢࢗĂֹˠࣇਕૉՀᆯሢͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ࡁտቑᘞĄ )ˬ*ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ጯࡊࠧࢨ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ጯࡊࠧࢨࠎңĂଂ׎൴णͽֽĂӈ͔੓࠹༊ሤধ۞੅ኢĂҭ ϫ݈ጯ۰ࣇ̪՟ѣ˘࡭̝࠻ڱĄ˫ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᄃဦ३ᐡΫăγ઼ဦ३ᐡጯă઼

ᅫ፟ၹဦ३ᐡጯă͵ࠧဦ३ᐡጯ઼̈́ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ̝ડҾңдĉϤͽ˭̝੅ኢĂٕ

ధΞឰˠࣇ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ጯࡊ̰ट̈́׎ࠧࢨѣ඀ޘ˯̝˞ྋĄன૟׎̶ࢗ

т˭Ĉ 1.ဦ३ᐡΫ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯགྷ૱ֹϡ።Ϋ۞ᇴፂĂҭ֭ܧߏࡁտဦ३ᐡΫĂ҃ߏ೩ֻྵ୻

೽۞ဦ३ᐡனڶયᗟĂͽ̈́ဦ३ᐡ൴ण۞።඀Ą၆ٺ఺ᕇĂ Danton ˵ᙒТ Collings ۞࠻ڱĂͅ၆૟።Ϋ۞ͧྵΒ߁дͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̰Ą Foskett Հ೩΍።

Ϋጯछᄃͧྵဦ३ᐡጯछ̝ม۞मளĂ΁޽΍።Ϋጯछߏࡁտ࿅ΝĂͽವՐϫ݈

۞ᗆ៑ć҃ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯछߏವՐдߙ˘ۤົଐڶ۞൴णሀёĂͽෞณѩሀё׶

׎΁ሀёม۞࠹Т׶࠹ள̝఍Ą^[22]

2.γ઼ဦ३ᐡጯ

Harvey ޽΍Ăγ઼ဦ३ᐡጯߏೡࢗү۰ώ઼֗छγ̝˘઼ٕк઼۞ဦ३ᐡ

ྻүଐԛĂ̙Βӣͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ઼̈́ᅫ፟ၹဦ३ᐡጯĄγ઼ဦ३ᐡጯࡁտΒӣડ

ાࡁտă࣎९ࡁտăր௚̼ࡁտ̈́͹ᗟ͞ڱࡁտඈα჌ࡁտᙷݭĄ^[23]

[20] ӕߋᆲĂIJͧྵဦ३ᐡጯტࢗijĂĮ઼ϲ̚δဦ३ᐡᄂ៉̶ᐡᐡΏįĂ 7 Ĉ 3Ğ2001.9ğĂࢱ 37 Ą

[21] ݑฟ̂ጯဦ३ᐡጯրඈበĂĮநኢဦ३ᐡጯି඀įĞ͇ߺĈݑฟ̂ጯĂ 1986ğĂࢱ 304 Ą

[22] Тො 16 Ăࢱ 15 Ą

[23] Тො 1 Ă p. 37 Ą

3.઼ᅫ፟ၹဦ३ᐡጯ

઼ᅫ፟ၹဦ३ᐡጯܼࡁտ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡă፟ၹă௡ᖐ̈́םົ̝ဦ३ᐡְຽĂт FAO ă FID ̈́ ISO ඈྭ઼ޘ፟ၹ̝ဦ३ᐡ߿જĄ^[24]

4.͵ࠧဦ३ᐡጯ

Richard Krzys ̈́ Gaston Litton ׌Ҝጯ۰޽΍Ă͵ࠧဦ३ᐡጯܼࡁտߙ˘ॡ ഇĞனдٕ࿅Νğ͵ࠧဦ३ᐡְຽېڶ̝፧ᒺĄࠎ˞ԛјھဦ३ᐡጯĞMetali- brarianshipğĂ˵ಶߏࠎ˞ԛјБ͵ࠧဦ३ᐡ၁ኹࣰ̝ጯᄃநኢૄᖂĂ౅࿅አߤֽ

ᑭෛ˯ࢗໄهĂӈߏдଂְဦ३ᐡְຽ̝Б஧ّࡁտĄ^[25]

5.઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ

Harvey ޽΍Ă઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯܼΒӣፋវဦ३ᐡ઼ᅫᙯܼ̈́ܧ઼छဦ३ᐡጯ

̝ࡁտĄ׎˭Βӣγ઼ဦ३ᐡጯă઼ᅫ፟ၹဦ३ᐡጯ̈́ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯඈˬ̰̂

உĄ Parker ݋ᄮࠎĂ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯܼ޽׌࣎ͽ˯઼छ̝߆عٕܧ߆ع፟ၹă௡

ᖐăဥវă࣎ˠ̝มٙซҖ۞߿જĂϡͽ೩چăޙϲă൴णăჯ᜕׶ෞᝥ͵ࠧ˯

Їңгડဦ३ᐡă͛ᚥ͕̚׶࠹ᙯڇચĂͽ̈́Бវဦ३ᐡጯᄃဦ३ᐡְຽĄ^[26]

Ϥٺ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯᄃͧྵဦ३ᐡጯдໄه˯ѣٙࢦኑĂҭ˫̙Ⴝ࠹ТĂֹ଀׌۰

̝มᙱͽડ̶Ąͽ˭ӈ੫၆ѩ׌ໄهซҖኢࢗĂ֭૟ጯ۰ࣇ၆ٺ׌۰ᙯܼ̝࠻ڱ ᘲЕтޢĄ

6.ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯᙯܼ̝ଣ੅

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ׌۰̝มޝᙱΐͽડ̶Ăт Collings ᄮࠎͧྵ

ဦ३ᐡጯΒ߁઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯĂ Harvey ᄮࠎ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯΒ߁ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯඈĄ ӕߋᆲፋநጯ۰ࣇ၆ٺ׌ጯࡊᙯܼ̝ᛚࢗĂВΒӣ˭Е̱჌Ĉ^[27]

Ğ1ğͧྵဦ३ᐡጯΒӣ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯĂͽ Collings ࠎ΃ܑĄ

Ğ2ğͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯࠎ࠹ТጯࡊĂҭ׌۰ߊѣડҾ˫̢࠹ྃ

·Ăͽ Kawatra ࠎ΃ܑĄ

Ğ3ğ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯᄃͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᑕЪ׀Ăͽ Krzys ̈́ Litton ࠎ΃ܑĄ

[24] Тො 1 Ă p. 38 Ą

[25] Richard Krzys and G. Litton, World Librarianship: a Comparative Study (N.Y.: Marcel Dekker, 1983), pp. 3-4.

[26] Тො 9 Ăࢱ 8-9 Ą

[27] Тො 20 Ăࢱ 36-37 Ą

Ğ4ğ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯΒӣͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĂͽ Wang Chih ̈́ Harvey ࠎ΃ܑĄ Ğ5ğ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯᄃͧྵဦ३ᐡጯߊѣᓑᘭĂҭ˫ѣٙડ̶۞׌ܝ̶͚ጯ

ࡊĂͽ Kummer ࠎ΃ܑĄ

Ğ6ğͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯࠎ࠹ТໄهĂ׎ࠎТཌྷෟĂͽ Martin Sable ̈́ Loudes Deya ࠎ΃ܑĄ

ᓦநॳځϨ޽΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ׌۰ม̝ડᏰдٺ઼ᅫဦ३ ᐡጯߏͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ࿅඀̚ࢦࢋ۞Վូͽ̈́ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯͽͧྵࡁտࠎ͹ࢋ

ࡁտ͞ڱĂ઼҃ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ֭Ϗѣځቁ۞ࡁտ͞ڱĄ^[28] ൒ඊ۰̙֭ԆБТຍᓦ

ି଱̝࠻ڱĂЯͧྵဦ३ᐡጯΞਕࠎࡁտ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ࿅඀̚۞ࢦࢋՎូĂ઼҃

ᅫဦ३ᐡጯϺΞਕѣځቁ۞ࡁտ͞ڱĂΒӣͧྵ͞ڱă።Ϋڱă͛ᚥ̶ژڱ̈́ય סڱඈĄߏͽĂડᏰͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ̝मள֭ܧٽְĄ઱ѣ̙ᕝଂ

ְࡁտĂٕధ׌۰̝ม۞̙Тᕇ̖֖ͽពனĂ൒˯ࢗጯ۰ࣇٙଂְ۞Ӆ˧̪ࣃ଀

ۺؠĄ

)α*ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝পᕇ

ᔨчৌᄃࣔگᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯܼ޽ྭ෸઼ࠧĂ̶ᛳ̙Тϔ୉ă̙Т̼͛۞

ဦ३ᐡְຽٙซҖ۞ͧྵࡁտĂЯ҃ι׍ѣᄃ̝࠹ዋᑕ۞ࡁտপّĂໄ߁੓ֽѣ т˭ೀ͞ࢬĈ^[29]

1. ͧྵࡁտڱࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ૄώࡁտ͞ڱĄဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտ͞ڱޝкĂΒ ߁ѣࣰጯࡁտڱă።Ϋࡁտڱăۤົጯࡁտڱă௚ࢍڱͽ̈́ҋ൒ࡊጯࡁտ͞

ڱĄ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĂ˯ࢗ఺ֱ͞ڱΪߏͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ۞ᅃӄ͞ڱĂ

ͧྵ͞ڱ̖ߏ఺ܝጯࡊ۞ૄώࡁտ͞ڱĄ

2. ଂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯͧྵࡁտ۞Ķ۩ม޽ᇾķֽ࠻Ă෹෸۩มࠧࢨߏι۞ௐ˟প ᕇĄ఺჌ፖШࡁտΒ߁׌ᆸஉཌྷĂᇃཌྷ۞ᓾĂι่̙޽̙Т઼छဦ३ᐡ၁ኹ ᄃநኢ۞ͧྵࡁտĂ҃ͷᔘ޽ྭ෸ϔ୉ă̼͛ăۤົᒖဩĂࠤҌٺΒ߁˘઼

̰̙Тгડ۞ͧྵࡁտĄ҃ଂবཌྷ۞៍ᕇֽ࠻Ăι่޽ͽ઼ࠎಏ̮ٙүྭ෸

઼ޘဦ३ᐡ၁ኹᄃநኢ۞ͧྵࡁտĄ

3. ଂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯͧྵࡁտ۞Ķॡมࠧࢨķֽ࠻ĂӈଂᓂШᙯܼซҖͧྵĂ˵

хд׌჌உཌྷĄଂԈ៍˯ֽ҂၅ĂιΒ߁၆༊΃ͽ̈́።Ϋ˯̙Тॡഇဦ३ᐡ

[28] Тො 16 Ăࢱ 27 Ą

[29] Тො 12 Ăࢱ 134-136 Ą

၁ኹᄃநኢ۞ݬۡͧྵࡁտćͽ຋៍˯̶ژĂι่޽ͽ༊΃ࠎૄᕇဦ३ᐡ၁ ኹᄃநኢ۞ͧྵࡁտĄ

4. ଂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞Ķࡁտᅳાķֽ࠻Ăιѣᇃᔮ۞̰உĂ֭ͽྭጯࡊّࡎ΍

˞ι۞ᇃھّপᕇĄι่̙ྻϡͧྵ͞ڱࡁտဦ३ᐡ၁ኹĂ҃ͷᔘঘ̈́ဦ३ ᐡጯநኢăဦ३ᐡጯିֈăဦ३ᐡგநវטĂࠤҌᔘΒ߁ྻϡͧྵ͞ڱࡁտ ဦ३ᐡጯᄃ׎ιጯࡊ۞ᙯܼĄ

αă ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ϫ۞ᄃΑਕ

Danton ೩΍ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯෟຉॡĂᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ϫ۞ࠎࡁտధк઼

छ̝൴णĂͽ൴֍ֱࣹ൴ण̏གྷјΑĂͷΞͽϼड़Ąιߏͽ઼ᅫቑಛ၆ဦ३ᐡࣧ

நᄃ͞੫ٙү۞҂၅Ăͽቁؠܜഇ̝ᔌ๕ăෞҤ׎৿ε̈́೬ϯநኢᄃ၁ኹม̝Ϭ

࠼ᄃ௲༼Ąޢᜈጯ۰ѣଂ၁ኹࢬăѣଂநኢࢬٕ၁ኹᄃநኢඕЪ̝៍ᕇଣ੅ͧྵ

ဦ३ᐡጯ̝ϫ۞ᄃΑਕĄனಶ Collings ă Danton ă Wang Chih ̈́ᔨчৌඈˠ̝

࠻ڱ̶ࢗт˭Ą

)˘*Dorothy Collings

Collings ޽΍Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ϫ۞ᄃΑਕѣт˭Ĉ^[30]

1. ೩ֻώ઼ٕγ઼၆ٺߙ˘າဦ३ᐡࢍ൪۞޽͔Ą 2. ೩ֻဦ३ᐡયᗟ۞Բෞ̶ّژ̈́ྋՙ̝྽Ą

3. ခᐽ̈́םӄ၆ߙֱгડဦ३ᐡયᗟٙઇ۞ځം҂ณᄃΞਕ̝ԼචĂ֭੫၆఺

ֱયᗟ೩ֻྋՙ̝྽ĂТॡᔖҺ۠ϫሀϼĄ

4. ೩ֻҌ઼γဦ३ᐡ̍үăણ៍ణયٕ೯ӄࢍ൪̝ࡦഀྤੈĄ 5. ଯજЧ઼มဦ३ᐡྤफ़ٕྤੈ̝Ϲ߹Ą

6. ౅࿅҂၅Ч჌̙Т̼͛ᒖဩ۞ဦ३ᐡ൴णଐڶ׶યᗟĂΐૻဦ३ᐡିֈᄃ੊

ቚ۞ጯఙ̰टᄃ၁ኹᙯܼĄ

7. ܳซՀஎ˘Վဦ३ᐡఢထ̈́൴ण઼̝ᅫ˞ྋᄃЪүĄ )˟*Periam Danton

Danton ᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ϫ۞ѣт˭Ĉ^[31]

[30] Тො 8 Ă p. 27 Ą

[31] Тො 16 Ăࢱ 22 Ą

1. ൴֍ăྋᛖ׌ٕ࣎ՀкۤົТᙷݭဦ३ᐡଐڶม۞मளĄ

2. ࡁտᙯٺགྷ࿅߄Ᏼ۞઼छဦ३ᐡĶវטķ̝൴ण׶гҜ۞னѣՄफ़Ăͽ̈́ᙯ ٺ఺઼ֱछဦ३ᐡયᗟ۞னѣՄफ़Ą

3. ૟఺჌൴ण׶гҜᄃ።Ϋăۤົăགྷᑻă߆ڼăгநඈѣᙯЯ৵ᓑᘭ੓ֽĄ 4. ၆ဦ३ᐡયᗟ̶̝ژ׶ྋՙѣٙ੒ᚥĄ

5. םӄဦ३ᐡࢍ൪Ą

6. ܳซӛפ׶ொങՀр۞үڱᄃԫఙĄ 7. ࠎ઼γ̍ү׶ጯ௫ኝᗟ೩ֻѣϡ۞ྤफ़Ą 8. ᆧૻဦ३ᐡିֈࢍ൪۞̰टĄ

9. ࠎࡁտ۰၆ώ઼ဦ३ᐡវט׶ဦ३ᐡયᗟᒔ଀БࢬҤࢍ׶Հஎˢ۞ᄮᙊĄ 10.םӄ൴णဦ३ᐡវט̈́યᗟͧྵࡁտ̝Մफ़׶ԫఙĄ

11.םӄଯซဦ३ᐡ൴ण̚Հр۞઼ᅫ˞ྋᄃЪүĄ 12.޽΍઼̰γֱ֤ᅳાᅮࢋՀซ˘Վ൴ण׶ࡁտĄ 13.೩ֻᙯٺγ઼ဦ३ᐡጯ̈́ͧྵ͞ڱ׶ԫఙ۞ૄώྤफ़Ą )ˬ*Wang Chih

Wang Chih аᜪͽـ͛ᚥĂᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ϫ۞ΞტЪт˭Ĉ^[32]

1. ౅࿅ᑭෛĂͽၔغ˞ྋ̈́ϒቁྋᛖဦ३ᐡ۞ր௚ٕયᗟĄ 2. ೩ֻώ઼ٕγ઼၆ٺߙ˘າဦ३ᐡࢍ൪۞޽͔Ą

3. ೩ֻဦ३ᐡયᗟ۞Բෞ̶ّژ̈́ྋՙ̝྽Ą

4. ခᐽ̈́םӄ၆ߙֱгડဦ३ᐡયᗟٙઇ۞ځം҂ณᄃΞਕ̝ԼචĂ֭੫၆఺

ֱયᗟ೩ֻྋՙ̝྽Ą

5. ೩ֻז઼γણ៍ణયٕڇચ۞ࡦഀྤੈĄ

6. ΐૻဦ३ᐡିֈᄃ੊ቚ۞ጯఙ̰टᄃ၁ኹᙯܼĄ 7. ܳซՀஎ˘Վ۞઼ᅫ˞ྋᄃЪүĄ

8. ᄓะٙ៍၅ன෪̝ۢᙊĄ 9. ૈዳҋϤϹೱ̝៍هĄ

10.ܳซ͵ࠧЧ઼̝׶πᄃ˞ྋĄ

11.൴णѣϡ۞߆ඉăࣧநٕڱ݋Ă֭ၔغг˞ྋιࣇĄ

[32] Тො 2 Ă pp. 110-111 Ą

12.ԛјھဦ३ᐡጯĂӈ͵ࠧဦ३ᐡְຽࣰጯᄃநኢ̝၁߉Ą )α*ᔨчৌ

ᔨчৌᄮࠎĂ၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯϫ۞ᄃΑਕ̝ଣ੅Ăߊࢋڦຍι۞நኢຍ ཌྷĂ˵ࢋ࠻זநኢଣ੅ߏࠎ˞޽ጱ၁ኹĂдૻአͧྵဦ३ᐡጯநّϫ۞۞ТॡĂ ᔘࢋڦຍι۞၁ϡّϫ۞ᄃΑਕĄЯ҃Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ϫ۞ᄃΑਕĂυืߏͽ ವՐఢޠ֭൴णဦ३ᐡְຽڇચࠎૄώᕇĄ׍វ҃֏Ăѣт˭ೀ͞ࢬĈ^[33]

1. ࡊጯгଣ੅ဦ३ᐡఢޠĄ

2. ೠ೪ώ઼ဦ३ᐡְຽ۞পᕇĂܳซဦ३ᐡְຽԼࢭ۞எ̼Ą 3. ᆧซ͵ࠧྤੈϹ߹Ăଯજဦ३ᐡጯ൴णĄ

4. ฟᜥဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ۞າᆸࢬĂԆචဦ३ᐡጯ۞វրඕၹĄ

ϺӈĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ϫ۞ᄃΑਕдٺͧྵăሀϼᄃጯ௫͵ࠧ˯׎΁઼छ̝

ဦ३ᐡጯٕဦ३ᐡְຽĂͽᆧซ၆͵ࠧЧ઼ဦ३ᐡጯٕဦ३ᐡְຽ̝˞ྋĂซ҃

үࠎώ઼൴णЧีဦ३ᐡࢍ൪̝޽͔ᄃמણĄ

̣ă ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ࡁտሀё

ֶፂᔨчৌି଱̝៍၅Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտሀёĂ઼̰γѣк჌ထ̶ᇾ

໤Ăѣ۞ֶፂ็௚௫ၚĂѣ۞ֶፂгநᇾ໤Ăѣ۞ଂࡁտቑಛĂ˵ѣ۞ଂࡁտ͞

ڱĂᔘѣ۞ଂጯࡊ၁ᅫᅮࢋ΍൴ֽડ̶׎ࡁտሀёĂЧҋ֎ޘ̙ТĂЯ҃˵΍ன

ۋᛉĄ^[34] ൒̙ኢଳפң჌̶ᙷᇾ໤Ăጯ۰ࣇ۞̶ᙷีϫкѣٙࢦᝑĂ˵ಶߏϫ

݈ጯ۰ࣇ၆ٺߙֱᙷҾࡁտሀёৼˢͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ̚Ă̏ѣܐՎВᙊхдĄ னಶ Collings ă Simsova ăᔨчৌăڒ৵ϟඈˠ۞̶ᙷ͞ё̶ࢗт˭Ĉ

)˘*Dorothy Collings

Collings ̶ژͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ͛ᚥĂᄮࠎ׎ѣˬ჌͹ࢋࡁտሀёĈ^[35]

1. ડાࡁտĈಶপؠ઼छٕгડ̝ࡦഀЯ৵Ă೩ֻဦ३ᐡ൴ण̝ୃّࢗአߤ̈́

Բෞ̶ّژĄ

2. ྭ઼ޘٕྭ̼͛ࡁտĈ఺჌ࡁտᙷݭΒӣ̙Т઼छมߙ჌ᙷݭဦ३ᐡ̝ͧྵ

ࡁտ̈́׌ٕ࣎׌࣎ͽ˯઼छ̝ဦ३ᐡԫఙયᗟͧྵࡁտĄ

[33] Тො 15 Ăࢱ 64-73 Ą

[34] Тො 15 Ăࢱ 81 Ą

[35] Тො 8 Ă p. 27 Ą

3. ࣎९ࡁտĈ੫၆ߙপؠ઼छ̝ߙᙷҾဦ३ᐡٕဦ३ᐡ൴ण࿅඀̝̚͹ࢋЯ৵ ซҖஎޘ̶ژĄ

)˟*Sylvia Simsova

Simsova дኢࢗͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎ፾ϲጯࡊ˘͛̚Ăഅ૟ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտሀ ёડ̶ࠎ࣎९ࡁտăͧྵયᗟࡁտăડાࡁտăፋវّͧྵࡁտă͵ࠧᔌ๕ࡁտ

̈́Б஧ّͧྵࡁտĄ^[36] ޢд׎΍ۍ३̚Ă૟ͧྵဦ३ᐡࡁտሀёፋநࠎт˭α ᙷݭĈ^[37]

1. ડાࡁտĈٙᏜડાࡁտܼ޽ࡁտߙ˘гநડા̝ፋវဦ३ᐡְຽĄ 2. ࣎९ࡁտĈٙᏜ࣎९ࡁտܼࡁտߙ˘гநડા̝ಏ˘ဦ३ᐡયᗟĄ

3. ͧྵયᗟࡁտĈٙᏜͧྵયᗟࡁտܼࡁտ˟ٕ࣎˟࣎ͽ˯гநડાဦ३ᐡ̝

યᗟĄ

4. ፋវّͧྵࡁտĈٙᏜፋវّͧྵࡁտܼࡁտ׌ٕ࣎׌࣎ͽ˯ᒖဩ̝ဦ३ᐡ

ְຽፋវͧྵĄ )ˬ*ᔨчৌ

ᔨчৌ૟ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտሀёડ̶ࠎˬ̶ڱ̈́˟̶ڱ׌჌ડ̶͞ڱĄ̶ࢗ

т˭Ĉ^[38]

1. ˬ̶ڱĈٙᏜˬ̶ڱߏ૟ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտሀёထ̶ࠎˬ჌ᙷݭĂтડા

ࡁտă၁ּࡁտăፋវّͧྵࡁտćгાࡁտăયᗟࡁտă၁ּࡁտć໚߹

ࡁտăࣄᝥࡁտăࣧநࡁտඈĄ

2. ˟̶ڱĈٙᏜ˟̶ڱߏ૟ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտሀёထ̶ࠎ˟჌ᙷݭĂтડા

ࡁտăયᗟࡁտć઼ᅫͧྵă઼̰ͧྵćᇆᜩࡁտăྭጯࡊࡁտćᇆᜩࡁ տăπҖࡁտඈĄ

)α*ڒ৵ϟ

ڒ৵ϟ૟Чछጯ۰̝ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտሀёĂΐͽຉፋ̶ژޢ൴֍Ă఺ֱ̙

Т̶ᙷ͞ёΞ̶Ҿᕩˢ׌჌ր௚âߏ૟ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ̶ࠎડાࡁտă࣎९ ࡁտăͧྵયᗟࡁտᄃፋវّͧྵࡁտ̝ࡁտሀёćΩ˘ࠎొ̶̂ౙጯ۰۞ᇆᜩ

[36] Тො 13 Ă p. 53 Ą

[37] Sylva Simsova, A Premier of Comparative Librarianship (London: Clive Bingley, 1982), p. 12- 17.

[38] Тො 18 Ăࢱ 47-51 Ą

ࡁտăπҖࡁտٕྭጯࡊࡁտĄ^[39]

дͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտሀёᙷݭ̚Ăጯ۰၆ٺડાࡁտ̈́࣎९ࡁտߏӎᛳٺͧ

ྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ࡁտሀёĂ·႕˞ڡ֍Ą Danton ă Harvey ̈́ Foskett ᄮࠎĂડા

̈́࣎९ࡁտ̙֭ᛳٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ቑᘞĂЯ׎̙ঘ̈́ͧྵă၆໰Ă่үೡࢗᄃ

ෞኢ̶ّ̝ژĄ^[40] ൒ Collings ̈́ Simsova ׌Ҝݒ޺̙Т̝࠻ڱĄ΁ࣇᄮࠎĂડ

ા̈́࣎९ࡁտᔵ่ߏೡࢗᄃෞኢ̶ّ̝ژĂݒΞෛࠎͧྵ̝໤౯ล߱Ą^[41] ֶϫ

݈೼࿆జତצ۞ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ࿅඀ୃࢗăྋᛖă֭Ё́ͧྵαล߱࠻ֽĂડ

ા̈́࣎९ࡁտӈᛳٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ࿅඀Ĉ̝݈˟ล߱Ă׎ࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝

ࡁտૄᖂĄΩଂࡁտቑಛ࠻ֽĂડા̈́࣎९ࡁտᔵͽಏ˘ડા઼ٕछ۞ဦ३ᐡְ

ຽࠎࡁտቑᘞĞ׎࣎̚९ࡁտ̝ቑಛՀ̈ăՀځቁğĂ൒׎Ϻࠎͧྵયᗟࡁտ̈́

ፋវّͧྵࡁտඈྭ઼ޘࡁտ̝ᖂϮĄࠖѩĂ̙ኢଂͧྵ៍ᕇٕࡁտቑಛ៍ᕇ΍

൴Ăડા̈́࣎९ࡁտ࠰ࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ࿅඀̝ௐ˘ՎĂߏͽĂඊ۰ᄮࠎĂડ

ાࡁտ̈́࣎९ࡁտΞෛࠎᇃཌྷ̝ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտሀёĂග̟ࡁտͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ

̝ጯ۰Ϥ୺ˢஎ۞ࡁտ࿅඀Ą

̱ă ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝Ϗֽ൴ण

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯଂ 1954 ѐ൴णҌ̫ࡗ 50 ѐ۞ЍഀĂᔵѣ˯ࢗጯࡊؠҜăૄ

ώநኢ̈́ࡁտሀёඈኜкۋኢĂ൒׎Ϻᕖᆧဦ३ྤੈጯ̝ࡁտቑᘞĂ၆˞ྋ͵ࠧ

Ч઼ဦ३ᐡְຽϺѣ࠹༊̂۞ӄৈĄҋ 80 ѐ΃ޢĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտኢ඾ഴ

͌Ă൒̙֭ᇆᜩͧྵဦ३ᐡጯүࠎ˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊĞဦ३ྤੈጯ̶͚ጯࡊğᑕѣ̝

֎Ғ̈́ؠҜĄण୕ϏֽĂඊ۰ᄮࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡ૟ഈ˭Еೀ͞ࢬᚶᜈ൴णĂͽᖳಱ

׎ጯࡊώኳĄ̶ࢗт˭Ĉ )˘*நኢࡁտצזᙯڦ

˘ܝጯࡊтڍ൑ڱޙϲநኢВᙊĂΞਕົ԰୭ྍጯࡊ૟ֽ̝൴णĂ҃ͧྵဦ

[39] ڒ৵ϟĂIJͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտሀё̝ଣ੅ijĂĮ઼छဦ३ᐡᐡΏįĂ 89 Ĉ 2Ğ2000.12ğĂࢱ 155 Ą

[40] Тො 1 Ă pp. 37-38 Ą Тො 39 Ăࢱ 148-149 Ą

[41] Тො 8 Ă pp. 27-28 Ą Тො 37 Ă pp. 12-15 Ą

३ᐡጯଂ൴णͽֽӈࢬ၆˯̝ࢗӧဩĄ൒ಶΩ˘͞ࢬ҃֏ĂϺЯጯ۰ࣇᄮۢזͧ

ྵဦ३ᐡጯநኢޙϲ̝ࢦࢋّĂЯѩܑ৾৾ځ׎၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̰உ̝࠻ڱĄ

઼̂̚ౙٚତ͵ࠧ׎΁Ч઼၆ٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ࡁտĂдˣă˝˩ѐ΃णฟ၆ͧ

ྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ࡁտĄధкጯ۰࠰ᄮࠎĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࠎ˘ܝາᎸ̝ጯࡊĂ׎ጯࡊ гҜϒు႙јԛ̚ĄᔨчৌܑϯĂ̂ౙгડͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝நኢࡁտు႙ᒔ଀ᙯ ڦĂ׎̶ژ 1980 Ҍ 1995 ѐ̝ഇΏ͛ᚥĂ൴֍ᙯٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯநኢ۞ࡁտኢ

͛В 105 ቔĂঘ̝̈́͹ᗟΒӣͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ؠཌྷăࡁտ၆෪ᄃቑಛăࡁտሀ ёăࡁտࣧ݋ăጯࡊّኳă࠹ᙯጯࡊăࡁտϫ۞ᄃຍཌྷăࡁտ͞ڱᄃ඀Ԕ̈́ጯࡊ

পᕇඈĄ^[42] ࠖѩĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯүࠎ˘ܝ፾ϲጯࡊĂ׎நኢࡁտ̝ᙯڦĂ૟ࠎ

͵ࠧЧ઼ဦ३ᐡᄃဦ३ᐡְຽ൴ण૲ֽᖳݓ̝јڍĂϺົࠎ׎৿ͻநኢૄᖂĂԱ

΍ͅᑝ̝ٙдĄ

)˟*ྭጯࡊࡁտు႙Ꮈ੓

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ൴णͽֽĂӈᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯдໄه˯кٙࢦᖬĂ҃ధкጯ۰ ੫၆׌۰̝ᙯܼซҖஎˢଣ੅ĂϺ֖ͽពϯ׌ጯࡊᙯܼ̝૜̷Ąඊ۰้Шֹϡ Ķͧྵᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ྤੈጯķֽפ΃Ķͧྵဦ३ᐡጯķෟຉĂலౣдࡊᅫፋЪॡ

΃Ă׌ጯࡊ̝ྭጯࡊࡁտĂֹ̏଀׌ጯࡊม႙႙ᙱͽડᏰĂߏͽĂඊ۰ᄮࠎĶͧ

ྵᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ྤੈጯķෟຉྵਕԆፋវனͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯ̝̰உĄ ѩγĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ྭጯࡊࡁտдܕ˘ă˟˩ѐ̰ు႙൴णĄᔨчৌᄮࠎĂͧ

ྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ྭጯࡊࡁտĂߏ޽ଂጯࡊᙯܼ֎ޘଣ੅ဦ३ᐡጯᄃ׎΁ጯࡊ۞ᙯ

ܼĂࡁտكѩม۞ᇆᜩᄃႣ౅Ăૻ̼ဦ३ᐡጯᄃ׎΁ጯࡊม۞ᓑᘭᄃϹ߹Ą఺჌

ࡁտߏଂဦ३ᐡጯ֎ޘΝ̶ژιᄃγጯࡊ۞̰дᓑᘭĂΝଣ੅ιࣇ̝มхд۞࠹

̢θֈăࣄᝦăᇆᜩ̈́ᓑᘭĂ఼࿅఺჌ͧྵΝ൴֍ဦ३ᐡጯᄃ׎΁ጯࡊ۞ВТᕇ

׶मள̝఍Ă೬ϯဦ३ᐡጯᄃ׎΁ጯࡊ۞̰дᓑᘭĂᓁඕ΍ဦ३ᐡጯᄃ׎΁ጯࡊ

۞፾পّĂͽᖳಱăԆචဦ३ᐡጯ۞நኢޙϲĄ^[43]

)ˬ*ࡁտ͞ڱֹ̝ϡ͟ᔌԆච

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯүࠎဦ३ᐡጯ۞˘ܝ̶͚ጯࡊĂ୬ޙϲԆච۞நኢវրĂ͹ࢋ

פՙٺጯ۰ࡁտဦ३ᐡٕဦ३ᐡְຽ൴णֹٙϡ̝ࡁտ͞ڱĄͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ͹ࢋ

[42] ᔨчৌĂIJ઼̚Ğ̂ౙğͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ൴णၗ๕ijĂĮဦ३ᄃྤੈጯΏįĂ 23Ğ1997.

11ğĂࢱ 27-28 Ą

[43] Тො 42 Ăࢱ 34 Ą

ߏࡁտ͵ࠧЧ઼ăЧϔ୉̝ဦ३ᐡன෪âтфࢬ˯ពϯĂ׎ͽͧྵ͞ڱࠎ͹ࢋ

ࡁտ͞ڱĂ҃ͧྵ͞ڱ˵јࠎͧྵဦ३ᐡጯડҾٺဦ३ᐡጯ׎΁̶͚ጯࡊ۞ࢦࢋ

޽ᇾĄܕ͟ጯࡊ൴ण͟ৈჟ௟ĂͷྭጯࡊࡁտᎸ੓ĂߏͽĂࡁտ۰ଂְͧྵဦ३ ᐡጯࡁտĂֹٙϡ̝ࡁտ͞ڱ่̙̏ࢨٺͧྵ͞ڱĂՀᕖ̈́т።Ϋڱăયסڱ̈́

͛ᚥ̶ژڱඈ׎΁ࡁտ͞ڱĄ˯ࢗࡁտ͞ڱ̝ᕖण၆ᖳಱͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̰உ׍ѣ

࠹༊̂۞ӄৈĂϺֹͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ͞ڱֹ̝ϡซˢ˞າ۞ᆸѨĄᔨчৌି଱

ࠤҌᄮࠎĂ่ѣֹϡĶͧྵķ̙֭ඈٺߏͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĂΪѣдͧྵ࿅඀̚Ъந

ֹϡ࠹ᙯࡁտ͞ڱĂ૞ܝଂְĶྭ઼ّķăĶྭϔ୉ّķăĶྭડાķăĶྭጯࡊ

ّķځព۞ͧྵࡁտĂ̖ਕЕˢͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտቑಛ̰Ą^[44]

)α*ᑕϡࡁտ͞ᎸϏғ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ᑕϡࡁտܼ޽ֶፂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯன΃ຍཌྷ۞ࢋՐĂଳϡͧྵ

͞ڱ၆ဦ३ᐡ၁ኹᄃநኢٙซҖ۞ࡁտĄଂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտሀё࠻ֽĂιΒ ߁ᇆᜩࡁտ׶πҖࡁտĄᇆᜩࡁտ඾ீٺγ઼ăγϔ୉۞ဦ३ᐡጯछă඾үăဦ ३ᐡጯޥຐăԫఙ͞ڱඈ၆ώ઼ăώϔ୉۞ဦ३ᐡ၁ኹᄃநኢٙயϠүϡ۞ࡁ տćπҖࡁտܼ޽၆ٺ൑ۡତᓑᘭ۞̙Т઼छă̙Тϔ୉ă̙ТгડТ˘ဦ३ᐡ ன෪ٙซҖ۞ͧྵĂࡁտ׎ளТĂ֭ү΍ࡊጯ۞ඕኢĂҭ׎̙ଵੵѣᙯဦ३ᐡጯ ᄃ׎΁ጯࡊᙯܼ۞ྭጯࡊࡁտĄᄃநኢࡁտ࠹ͧĂ׎јڍณ˵ព଀ᖳк҃·၁Ă ΞᏜܐ׍ఢሀĄፂᔨчৌ̝௚ࢍĂ 1980 ѐҌ 1995 ѐ̂ౙͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᑕϡኢ

͛ᓁᇴ̏྿ז 335 ቔĂ֖֍ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯᑕϡࡁտд̂ౙ႙јঈ࣏Ăјࠎͧྵဦ ३ᐡጯࡁտ൴णᔌ๕̝˘ĂࡶͽĶјڍᅲᖳķăĶϠ፟ݎݎķ̝ᙷ۞ෟᄬܑࢗĂ

඗ܧ࿅᜖Ą^[45]

)̣*ώ˿̼ࡁտ̝Ꮈ੓

ܕѐ઼ֽ̰Ꮈ੓˘۵ώ˿̼ࡁտሤሗĂ͹ࢋߏጯ۰ࣇຍᙊזώ˿ࡁտ৿ͻĂ ΐ˯ొ̶઼γࡁտјڍ̙ਕԆБዋϡٺ઼̰ĂߏͽĂጯ۰ࣇు႙૟׎ࡁտ൏ᕇአ ፋҌ௑ᑕ઼̰̝ېڶĂ҃дဦ३ྤੈጯᅳા͍ߏтѩĄிٙ࠰ۢĂဦ३ྤੈጯᅳ

ા̝ࡁտͽ࡚ࡻ׌઼౵ࠎ൴྿ĂЯѩ઼̰̝ࡁտ࠰੠ᐌ࡚ࡻ׌઼ཙՎдซҖĄѩ ඈଐڶдܕ˩ѐ̰̏ు႙ԼតĂ׎Я˜ဦ३ྤੈጯᅳાጯ۰̏ຍᙊזώ˿̼ࡁտ

[44] ᔨчৌĂIJͧྵဦ३ᐡጯŹဦ३ᐡְຽŮͧྵ͞ڱijĂĮ઼̚ဦ३ᐡጯಡĞ̂ౙğįĂ 23 Ĉ 107 Ğ1997.1ğĂࢱ 5 Ą

[45] Тො 42 Ăࢱ 30 Ą

̝ࢦࢋّĄҭ఍ٺဦ३ྤੈጯᙝቡጯࡊ̝ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯĂ׎ଐԛ˫ࠎтңĉֶፂ ڒ৵ϟ۞ࡁտĂϔ઼ 76 ѐҌ 88 ѐ 8 ͤ͡Ăᄂ៉гડٙ൴ܑ۞ဦ३ྤੈጯ౾Ⴧ

̀ኢ͛Вѣ 252 ቔĂ׎̚ѣᙯͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞౾Ⴧ̀ኢ͛ѣ 22 ቔĂ่ҫٙѣဦ ३ྤੈጯ౾Ⴧ̀ኢ͛۞ 8.73% Ă఺ពϯͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտྵ̙צזࡁտٙጯϠ

̝ܦ༚Ąͷ̂ొ̶ጯϠٙᏴፄ۞ࡁտ၆෪ઐࢦٺ઼࡚ဦ३ᐡன෪̝ࡁտĂ҃ͧྵ

યᗟࡁտ۞ྭ઼ࡁտ̚ĂϺͽࡻ࡚׌઼̝มဦ३ᐡયᗟ۞ͧྵҫкᇴĄ఺ពϯԧ

઼౾Ⴧ̀ኢ͛۞ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտĂдࡁտ၆෪۞Ᏼפ˯পҾઐр઼࡚Ă҃نர

઼࡚γ۞׎΁઼छٕгડĂౄј઼ᅫมဦ३ᐡְຽ൴ण۞˞ྋ่݀ࢨٺ઼࡚͞

ࢬĂ҃၆׎΁઼छဦ३ᐡְຽ۞ۢᙊᄃ˞ྋໂࠎ৿ͻĄ^[46] ࠎᆧΐͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ ࡁտ̝јڍĂ೩چԧ઼ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ۞̰உᄃݡኳĂ઼̰ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ ᑕጐณ૟׎ࡁտώ˿̼ĂࠤҌᕖ̈́ܧࡻ઼࡚छ̝ဦ३ᐡְຽࡁտĄඊ۰࿰ഇĂд ώ˿̼ࡁտు႙Ꮈ੓̝ࢲሗ˭Ăͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտϺົ੠ᐌѩ۵ࢲሗĂు႙௢᎕

׎ࡁտјڍĄ

)̱*ጯࡊ̰உᖳಱͷӔк̮̼൴ण

ܕѐֽĂᐌ඾Б஧̼ཙՎ۞ྫྷซĂֹ଀Чጯࡊᅳાౌצז˞ໂ̂۞኏ᑝĄགྷ Ϥᄃ͵ࠧЧ઼۞Ϲ߹ЪүĂிጯࡊᅳા̙ኢдጯࡊώኳٕ̰உ˯ĂౌӔன˞ܜ֖

̝ซՎĂ҃ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯϺּ̙γĄͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ൴ण 50 ѐͽֽĂϤٺጯ۰ࣇ

۞ᚮ࠹ԸˢĂೇͽጯఙϹ߹ᐛᓄĂֹ଀ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯдጯࡊ̰உ˯Ӕனк̮̼൴ णĂ݈҃ࢗᖼតۡତͅߍдͧྵဦ३ᐡጯኝ඀˯Ąϫ઼݈࡚ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯኝ඀̏

ྵ͌ჍࠎĶͧྵဦ३ᐡጯķăĶ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯķٕĶͧྵᄃ઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯķඈĂ

҃פ̝ͽາ۞ЩჍĂͷдኝ඀̰ट˯ϺซҖ˞࠹༊̂۞አፋĂ̏௲ᗓ็௚ͧྵဦ ३ᐡጯ۞ࡁտቑᘞĄඊ۰࿰ഇĂϏֽͧྵဦ३ᐡጯኝ඀д઼࡚ăࡻ઼ඈ઼छ̝ጯ ۰͔ᅳ˭Ă૟ᚶᜈᖳಱ׎ጯࡊ̰உĂซֹ҃଀׎ጯࡊώኳӔனк̮̼൴णĄ

˛ă ඕ ᄬ

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ።གྷܕ 50 ѐ̝൴णĂдጯࡊώኳ̰̈́உ˯ౌѣܜ֖̝ซणĂ

׎ᔵѣጯࡊؠཌྷăጯࡊؠҜăጯࡊ၆෪ᄃቑಛăጯࡊࠧࢨ̈́ࡁտሀёඈኝᗟإޞ ԛјВᙊĂ൒̙֭ᇆᜩͧྵဦ३ᐡጯүࠎ˘ܝጯࡊ׎ᑕѣ̝ώኳĄܕ 20 ѐֽĂ

[46] Тො 39 Ăࢱ 155-156 Ą

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯኢ඾д઼γӔனઃ႖ېၗĂ൒ٺ̂ౙгડݒ࠹၆ቿݎ൴णĂϺϤٺ

̂ౙጯ۰۞Ӆ˧Ăֹ଀ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯјࠎဦ३ྤੈጯ̝˘ܝາᎸጯࡊĄण୕Ϗ

ֽĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞நኢࡁտ૟צזᙯڦĂྭጯࡊࡁտ૟ు႙Ꮈ੓Ăࡁտ͞ڱ̝

ֹϡ͟ᔌԆචĂᑕϡࡁտ͞ᎸϏғĂ҃ጯࡊ̰உు႙ᖳಱͷӔк̮̼൴णĄаᜪ

઼̰၆ٺဦ३ྤੈጯ̝ࡁտĂͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտࠎྵ̙צࢦෛ۞ᅳાĂͷࡁտ၆ ෪̝Ᏼפ̪ྵ้Ш઼࡚ဦ३ᐡְຽ̝ࡁտĂౄјͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ̝ઐᅲĄࠎ೩ چԧ઼ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯࡁտ̝̰உᄃݡኳĂ઼̰ጯ۰ᑕႽณ૟׎ࡁտώ˿̼Ă௢᎕

ࡁտјڍĂֹ׎јࠎ઼̰ࡁտͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ̝ૄᖂĄ࠹ܫགྷϤѩᓝĂᄂ៉Ϻົд

͵ࠧࡁտͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ˯ҫѣ˘य̝гĂឰԧࣇ˘੓ฟ٤఺ᛳٺͧྵဦ३ᐡጯ۞

࡚ᚊᘟ˿ӐĊ

KeywordsĞᙯᔣфğĈ Comparative Librarianship; International Librarianship; Comparative Research

ͧྵဦ३ᐡጯć઼ᅫဦ३ᐡጯćͧྵࡁտ

Chia-bin Chang ĈPh.D. Candidate, Department of Library and Information Science, National Taiwan University, R.O.C.; E-mail: leonbin@archives.gov.tw

Abstract

Comparative librarianship was established by 1954, but its development has been all but discontinued since 1990, as this field has failed to clarify various topics, including subject definition, position, scope and research model. This article focuses on the above topics and gives some views and suggestions for future research.

Some Topics Needed to be Clarified by Comparative Librarianship

Chia-bin Chang