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燃燒與能源

主講人:侯 順 雄 教授

崑山科技大學機械工程系(所

)

Presented in FEU, May 19, 2010

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Combustion

in

a Furnace in a Full-Scale Refinery Plant a

( 高熱能加熱爐複燃料節能技術之研究 )

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Improving Cost-Effectiveness and CO2 Emission for the Furnace in a Full-Scale Refinery Plant with Hydrogen-Rich Fuel Gas

increasing FG addition in the fuel

原油蒸餾製程設備之加熱爐實場測試

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-來自於煉油各單元製程中所產生之剩餘氣體。

-因其成分組成複雜(包括H2、CH4、C2H6、C2H4、C3H8、C4、C5、C6、

H2S)若欲將其成分分離回收再利用,所需投資設備與成本不符經濟效益。

-通常規劃將此氣體送至廢氣燃燒塔燃燒。

以漸進式調整FG用量,取代天然氣(NG)使用量,建立製程節能且降低溫室氣體排放 之操作模式,並比較富氫複燃料應用於加熱爐對經濟及環境效益之影響。

研究焦點

因製程剩餘氣體來源壓力不穩定,為使公用燃氣系統能順利運用,以加入粗氫氣 (純度90 mole%~92 mole%)使燃氣系統壓力穩定,因此燃氣系統中之氫氣含量相 當高,含量由40 mole%~80 mole %不等,實際運用上造成很大困擾。

困難點

●富氫製程剩餘氣體燃料(Hydrogen-Rich Refinery Fuel Gas, 簡稱FG)特性:

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測試方法與步驟

1. (1)加熱爐負載(製程煉量) (2)擋板開度

(3)爐膛輻射區真空度

(4)進入加熱爐空氣流量,

維持固定不變 2. 脫硝設備停止使用。

3. 以漸進式添加FG方式取代NG 探討加熱爐整體效率與節能效 益之影響。

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Fig 2. Photographs of the flame appearance of a multi-port burner for various FG/NG mixtures: (a) 100% NG; (b) 25-75% FG-NG; (c) 50-50% FG-NG;

(d) 75-25% FG-NG; (e) 100% FG.

Influence of adding FG on flame appearance

increasing FG addition in the fuel

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1820 1860 1900 1940 1980

30 40 50 60 70 80

hydrogen content (%) adiabatic flame temp. (0 C)

Influence of FG addition on NOx formation

2.6 3.2 3.8 4.4

0 20 40 60 80 100

FG adding amount (m3/h)*E+3 excess air O2 (Vol. %)

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90.6 90.8 91 91.2 91.4

0 20 40 60 80 100

FG adding rate (m3/h)*E+3

efficiency (%)

Influence of FG addition on excess O2 concentration

20 30 40 50 60

0 20 40 60 80 100

FG adding amount (m3/h)*E+3

NOx (ppmv)

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Influence of FG addition on CO2 production

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Fuel Oil Fuel Gas Natural Gas

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1. 燃料效益

經濟效益分析

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2. CO2減量效益

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由於FG中氫氣含量30~80 mole % ,其火焰長度及橙黃色明亮度 隨著FG進入燃料中添加量的增加而明顯降低。

●FG燃燒之絕熱火焰溫度約1890

,在高溫區域NOx形成優勢機 制為Thermal-Zeldovich’s路徑。

NOx平均形成量增加8.1 ppmv,過剩空氣O

2

平均增加1.5 Vol. %。

●每年約可節省燃料成本 4仟7佰萬元 與減少 1萬 ton CO

2

之排放量。

因而以富氫複燃料作為一種低成本燃料選擇,就整體經濟效益評 估,將可節省相當可觀燃料成本及有效降低二氧化碳排放量。

結論

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Combustion Combustion

in in

a Boiler Firing emulsified Fuel Oil a Boiler Firing emulsified Fuel Oil

崑山科技大學 機械工程系暨潔淨能源中心燃料與燃燒研究室.

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Combustion

in

Domestic Gas Burners

(燃燒於加用瓦斯爐之應用)

2008萬潤創意競賽第一名

教育部96年度全國技專校 院實務專題製作競賽」機 械與動力機械群第三名(全 國共89隊參賽),2007。

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Welcome to

Combustion World

Thank you for your attention!

參考文獻

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