Process Simulation of Hot Embossing on Polymeric Microstructure 蔡昭源、吳政憲
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This thesis discuss the simulation and process results difference. Make use of the Pro-E and ANSYS-APDL( ANSYS Parametric Design Language) parametric design as the Pre-Processor and the convergence of the element number analysis. At the same time, take the Finite element model describing by ASCII word file to edit the DEFORM executive Keyfile to carry out the simulation.
The simulation of the phenomenon is the micro-structure forming by the hot-embossing. By the way that is a multi-body contact problem, stress-stain and heat transfer effect is dynamic change with the time and the process conditions. Besides, PMMA belongs to the polymer the forming viscosity change with the process temperature and shear force. In the thesis we will take the consideration of the heat transfer or not in 3-D model to discuss and compare the forming difference in the micro-structure number further in simplified the model as the 2-D cross section . The process make use of the Lab development in design and assembly hot-embossing machine including the structure and the Man Machine Interface to undergo the controlling and data derived as the hard and soft device. The material PMMA is directly purchased and the mold insert is produced by the semi-conductor process in the etching and electroplating reaching the micro scale .
Keywords : hot embossing simulation, DEFORM, LVDT
Table of Contents
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書...iii 中文摘要...iv 英文摘要...v 誌 謝...vi 目錄...vii 圖目錄...ix 表目錄...xii 第一章 序論 1.1 前言...1 1.2 參考文獻...3 1.3 文獻總結...7 第二章 軟體 及熱壓設備簡介 2.1 DEFORM 的使用情形...8 2.2 DEFORM 的組成架構...9 2.3 熱壓設
備...12 第三章 熱壓製程及模擬 3.1 製程簡介...16 3.2 熱壓材料的特性...17 3.3 模擬的架構...24 3.4 模擬所需熱壓參數的量測與取得...25 第四章 光柵元件的熱壓與模擬比較 4.1 成型高 度的量測...45 4.2 模型的建立...46 4.3 熱膨脹的模擬與比較...51 4.4 光柵熱壓成品與光 功率量測...58 第五章 結論...64 參考文獻...66 圖目錄 圖1.1模穴填充示意圖 4 圖1.2 Lagrange、Euler座標網格 6 圖2.1 Jacobian Ratio三角形的比例 11 圖2.2 Jacobian Ratio矩形的比例 12 圖2.3熱壓結構本 體 13 圖2.4光柵模仁 13 圖2.5個人電腦、LabVIEW軟體 14 圖2.6資料擷取卡 14 圖2.7加熱控制模組 15 圖2.8模溫機 15 圖3.1 ANSYS 元素的節點分佈 22 圖3.2模擬的架構圖 24 圖3.3熱電偶在模具的量測點 27 圖3.4下模的3-D實體等角視圖 28 圖3.5 ANSYS網格加密的選取區域 28 圖3.6網格化後的等角視圖 29 圖3.7網格化後的三視圖 29 圖3.8加熱的節點分佈 30 圖3.9加熱 階段溫度的量測與模擬 31 圖3.10冷卻階段動態的量測 31 圖3.11位移變化量的量測點 32 圖3.12熱壓時上模的位置變化 33 圖3.13熱壓時上模的位移量 34 圖3.14熱壓的速度變化 34 圖3.15開模的位置變化 35 圖3.16熱壓壓力變化 37 圖3.17摩擦力對 成形影響的示意圖 39 圖3.18四邊形網格 39 圖3.19 Section 3 40 圖3.20 Section 2 40 圖3.21 Section 1 40 圖3.22行程80μm 41 圖3.23行程90μm 42 圖3.24微結構的位置 42 圖3.25接觸的節點分佈及微結構尺寸(單位mm) 43 圖3.26行程90μm壓出的形狀 43 圖3.27摩擦係數對成形高度的影響 44 圖4.1模型等角視圖 46 圖4.2側視圖 47 圖4.3前視圖 47 圖4.4光柵模仁 48 圖4.5陣列 長條形及圓形面積 49 圖4.6陣列長條形及圓形面積相減 49 圖4.7光柵模型 50 圖4.8光柵模仁的模型局部放大圖 50 圖4.9光學 顯微鏡下的模仁局部放大圖 51 圖4.10 PMMA板材及模具的加熱膨脹高度 52 圖4.11 PMMA板材及模具的冷卻收縮總高度 52 圖4.12 PMMA板材膨脹高度模擬(單位:mm) 53 圖4.13模具膨脹高度模擬(單位:mm) 53 圖4.14 130℃熱膨脹變形量模擬 54 圖4.15 140℃熱膨脹變形量模擬 54 圖4.16 150℃熱膨脹變形量模擬 55 圖4.17熱膨脹模擬與量測比較 55 圖4.18熱壓壓力模 擬的變化曲線 56 圖4.19 PMMA板材和模具熱壓變形模擬與量測比較 57 圖4.20下模受熱膨脹後熱壓壓力Z方向變化高度分 佈模擬 57 圖4.21光功率計 58 圖4.22光學平台、氦-氖離子雷射光 58 圖4.23熱壓成型之S/N比因子回應圖 61 圖4.24模擬熱壓 成形PMMA的光柵成形圖 62 圖4.25熱壓成形最佳參數PMMA的光柵成形圖 62 圖4.26微射出實驗最佳參數組合之繞射現象 63 圖4.27微射壓實驗最佳參數組合之繞射現象 63 圖4.28熱壓實驗最佳參數組合之繞射現象 63 表目錄 表3.1 DEFORM 內部 所使用的單位 18 表3.2 PMMA板材物理性質 19 表3.3 PMMA板材在DEFORM內的數值 20 表3.4 DEFORM-3D及ANSYS 四 面體元素編號 21 表3.5 ANSYS 的網格狀態 23 表3.6 JIS S50 C鋼的性質 26 表3.7 JIS S50 C鋼換算後輸入DEFORM數據 26 表3.8 Smart Size 3、4、5、6元素及節點數目 38 表4.1預壓加熱的高度變化 45 表4.2下壓時高度變化 45 表4.3壓力釋放高度 變化 46 表4.4田口L9水準表 59 表4.5 PMMA板材熱壓的直交表 60 表4.6最佳化熱壓製程參數 61
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