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科目: 物理化學

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國立勤益科技大學 100 學年度研究所碩士班招生筆試試題卷 所別:化工與材料工程系 組別:

科目: 物理化學

准考證號碼:□□□□□□□□(考生自填)

試題一

(選擇題,每題 4 分,共 40 分)

( )1. 1 莫耳、373K、1 大氣壓的水,經由兩個不同程序變成同溫同壓的水蒸氣,(1)等溫 等壓可逆蒸發;(2)真空蒸發。請問這兩個程序中功和熱的關係為:

(A)│W1│> │W2│; Q1> Q2 (B) │W1│< │W2│; Q1< Q2

(C) │W1│= │W2│; Q1=Q2 (D) │W1│> │W2│; Q1< Q2

( ) 2. 在系統溫度恆定的變化中,系統與外界之間:

(A) ㄧ定產生熱交換 (B) ㄧ定不產生熱交換 (C) 不ㄧ定產生熱交換 (D)溫度恆定與熱交換無關

( ) 3. 若真實氣體之分子所佔有的空間影響可用體積因子 b 來表示,則描述該氣體的較 合適的狀態方程式是哪一個?

(A)PV = RT+ b (B) PV = RT-b (C) PV = RT+bP (D)PV = RT-bP ( ) 4. 在 100℃和 25℃之間工作的熱機,其最大效率為:

(A) 100% (B) 75% (C) 25% (D) 20%

( ) 5. 凝固熱在數值上與下列何種熱相等:

(A) 昇華熱 (B) 溶解熱 (C) 汽化熱 (D) 熔融熱

( ) 6. 2 莫耳 Ag(s)在等容下由 273.15K 加熱到 303.15K,已知在該溫度範圍內銀的 Cv = 24.48 J/(K-mol),則其△S 為:

(A) 2.551 J/K (B) 5.102J/K (C) 25.51 J/K (D) 51.02 J/K

( ) 7. 從多孔矽膠的強烈吸水性能,可說明在多孔矽膠吸水過程中,自由水分子與吸附 在矽膠表面的水分子比較,其化學勢能的高低為何?

(A) 前者高 (B) 前者低 (C) 相等 (D) 不可比較

( ) 8. 在 300 K 時,2 莫耳某理想氣體的 Gibbs 自由能(G)與 Helmholtz 自由能(A)的差值 (G-A)為: (A) 1.192 kJ (B) 2.494 kJ (C) 4.988 kJ (D) 9.977 kJ

( ) 9. 25℃時,1 莫耳理想氣體恆溫膨脹,其壓力由 10atm 變化到 1atm,其 Gibbs 自由 能變化多少? (A) 0.0479 kJ (B) -12.4 kJ (C) 12.4 kJ (D) -5.70 kJ

( ) 10. 在 400K 時,液體 A 的蒸氣壓為 40kPa,液體 B 的蒸氣壓為 60kPa。兩者組成理 想液體混合物,其平衡時溶液中 A 的莫耳分率為 0.60,請問氣相中 B 的莫耳分率為:

(A) 0.60 (B) 0.50 (C) 0.40 (D) 0.30

第 1 頁〈共 2 頁〉

考生注意事項:

一、考試時間 100 分鐘。

二、所有題目的答案,請皆於答題卷上作答。

(2)

試題二: (15 分)

At 0℃ 20 g of ice are added to 70 g of water at 30℃ in a vessel. Calculate the entropy changes in the system and in the surroundings. The heat of fusion of ice at 0℃ is 6.02 kJ mol-1, and the specific heat capacities of water and ice may be take as constant at 4.184 and 2.094 JK-1g-1, respectively, and independent of temperature.

試題三: (10 分)

A sample of milk kept at 25℃ is found to sour 40 times as rapidly as when it is kept at 4℃.

Estimate the activation energy for the souring process.

試題四: (10 分)

A substance 1.5 mol dm-3 decomposes at 600 K with a rate constant of 3.62 × 10-6 dm3 mol-1s-1. a. Calculate the half-life of the reaction.

b. How does the time required for the substance was decomposed go to 95% at 600 K?

試題五: (10 分)

The variation of the equilibrium vapor pressure with temperature for liquid and solid chlorine in the vicinity of the triple point is given by

ln Pl = -2661/T + 22.76 ln Ps = -3755/T + 26.88

Use P/pascal in equations. Calculate the triple point pressure and temperature.

試題六: (15 分)

One moles of oxygen gas

at 298 K is compressed isothermally and reversibly from an initial volume of 10.00 dm

3

to a final volume of 0.50 dm

3

. Calculate the work done on the system if a. The gas is ideal.

b. The equation of state of the gas is P(V

m

-b)=RT, with b=0.0318 dm

3

mol

-1

.

第 2 頁〈共 2 頁〉

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