「五反」、群眾動員與中共高層政治
52
0
0
全文
(2) 240 ~f=~~~~. (m+1iM. 2004.7). ~~m~*~~~~'-nOO~ ~~M •• ~. .~. ~~~. %'~A~n#$'®~~~n#$~~M~§*. ~'¥Jrfj~~. ; ~nOOii1~aJ3~OO5[~~~,Jlrtu. •• ~.~~ ••• *'~ •• IDD~. ~l±D!~~. *~~m~ff~~- ~~t!±. "Fi. .tt~ft~~M.m. 0. r. Betw~. •. /. anti -corru~ to purge tl committed the persec finally wei against the the "Five. j. bring press. ... Assistant. University.
(3) r. J. '!f~I1J~WCP~~JiJ&Yil 241. f'F-¥$. rilJ P)'lW~ tiJ. ~ !¥J ffd:. "Five Anti-", Mass Mobilization and. ~tlrHilJ*~. Political Manipulation. Fu-chung Li'". a' I'". Abstract Between late 1951 and mid-1952. Mao Zedong launched an anti-corruption campaign which was known as the "Three Anti-" in order to purge the officials of Chinese Communist Party who took bribes or committed embezzlement. The unavoidable result of "Three Anti-" was the persecution of the enterpreneurs and bourgeoisie in China, who finally were exterminated some years later-in 1956. This persecution against the Chinese bourgeoisie in the early 1950s which Mao called it the "Five Anti-" was held in a way of mobilizing the cities dwellers to bring pressure to bear on the victims. In fact, the "Five Anti-" was just a. .... Assistant Professor , Graduate School of Taiwan History, National Chengchi University.
(4) copy of the class struggle in the countryside of China in 1950s. This articles aims at revealing how Mao exerted political manipulation to push. rJi.. the local officials to bring out the "Three Anti-"and "Five Anti-", and what happened to the businessmen and enterpreneurs in the course of the campaigns.. Keywords: " Five Anti-", "Three Anti-", New Democracy, Mao Zedong, bourgeoisie. I. 1979 1f,;;;.
(5) 'li&J. ,tw~IIJ~~r:p~~Jii&1El 243. 1950s. This. tion to push. "ff~fhJl~'f*,~Jf.i!t~{;. r JiRJ. Anti-", and. mrse of the. -*~jj-. lao Zedong,. ~. -. •:.. ->.L. -:::;;.. .. I1IJ. ;. i=i. . =&. =.. •. 1i&. •. i. I!Y"I!Y~Z*. 1i ... !. ~~m:~Mm. f. r. 1\"~M~N -I::;"R:li~. ..iL... 'flU. ~. s. ~.®~mm~~*~~~~~tt~ *?&L:P1Hti~~. 1. 0. :P. 1980 1f:{~PJiW. 1979 1fzf!tr:p ~~iI:.1:E!mJJ\ZJSfll~~. ~~m,~~. ' ut.tlDItt. , Pi 'r&1fi:001& J. 0. ~,. I~ffij~ 1949. m~ ;;IdIOO1&f.L1'f.
(6) 2004.7 ). if $ fil jt ll£. ffil r r:p. ~A~jtW~. tt. 1'1 I¥] il&. 0. m. Z 'it ic. ~$jtg~*~BBE. il&;fI Z 1& ' ili ~U 1956 if $. r. 1m. I¥] r if ~ j: j: ~ ll£~N& J. .1Jit'~~0. (. New. $ EI¥]5. 2;f1k1ff1± '. IQ]~. ttl. J. ~fiu~~rjtff~~J. Jffifl¥] r _. 3. ~ fffi ~ ~. mtJ'§l. $ jt1± 9t fil Z f&!Ii. ll£~ff&I¥]B~ , *~~**f.$,. f§M'-t5G{J} A~pJT1i:ffr. 0. ll£~ff&. ru lit. $ fill¥] ;$: ~ frtlt it iQ ~ ~t. 5. ,1950. ~~ r 0fk~1* J Br,;;I1i~Jt¥&. -BHt : r If.M0 ' atM0' at fr~ ~ it 1t ~ flJ zP: X ~ ne. J ;]I! iff ~ J 4JJ1&,~9:~BA ' ~BI5~ ~. r-. 0. 9tfil~~if,jt~~~::f~~m;$:. ~.41¥].N~,~+~~m·.~$. M:i=B~*I¥]-{J}. ' ::ftzo M0 J ' r ~. ~ 1'1 jiB: ~ j:. ~[1~g~, ::fl&!1±. ~~*~. ;$:~. filfAXTln. ~,~ft. ru~U~I. 53~OOi. ~fil. Z.'$. 14 ' ;tU. A. ~£.~$£*~M~*~.~~l¥]rrr. en.. tt,. ~~~~'~~~#m~~~~m~m~,~~~. ~~~. >(. ~~tlli~' (a1zffi-m:kW~-tp ~*~c1z1¥if}jlJ1&~~~JN. tl:Hffiiid: ' 1993). x«<~~~. ni:I::frl ~J. $' {I!. ®$,~ ,. 2. ~I. ~llitif~~'$~m~. m' f~ 1Jit il& m~. Democracy) ,. Br,; fiTI 00. J). ~o. ~t: If'j~~. 0. f1(lWitp:kl¥JiFJl:m~$'. r .B!;1l*~i£:llf!iff&J. ~'§111R':lt!r£' JOj~~. r. ~~J. .rm~~.~~J*~,~~.~.~#~,~~~oH~r.B!;1l*J. ~~ili~~r~i£:~~JI¥J~~'~~Tff~o~~tp:k~~A'~. •• ~1R'.B!;1l* •• Ilf!i~I¥J.M~iFJl:.,m~~~.,(tp.:k~.Sff.1& fT.B!;~~.?. ) , 1&)". (tp:9<!:UffJ'CIIJGUIf-t~Uff~?JT~fU. tp:9<!:Uff~IlJeUIf-t~WfJ'CpJT. 3~~rfT.B!; 4. ' 2003). (mlm+M» (. s ~1R'tp-. ~t:. ~il&j. .JI¥J~~~~iFJl:.I¥JID~,#m~~~Lo. 6. tp.fcttff4~1lJe' tp:9<!:;ft~MHi ~I\i (**-€t~). (~t*. :. 1I!Pt1fB. 0. ,( 1949-1952 tp.A.B!;:kW~~V'f;ft~.fl tp .:lJiXrTi*Iii1f1fifritfteltNfct ' 1990 ff. 8 H ) , J{ 739 0. ~1R'. rJ. ~il&mr ~M.
(7) r. tp. 1956. tp. ,Fiff Dti!. ~ J. (New. :1£ '. /qJ ffif. -;t::;±I:::&i. :1-r /". ';;>fC. J. J~:1N{:1. ,tll~!lD~!mr.p~r'iflJii1&tE! 245. ~~~*%~'{B.~tp~tp~::f~~. t;HmfrJ~*~~~:rw~~~*%1r1I¥]I»H*. ' tE. 0. ~~. ~I¥]~. ~,~~~~,~@tp~~~~~. **A·~~~~~~~.w~~~~m~. i~~89-. mmrliRJiilb~*_~~*m~~~. ~0 J ' r~. ~~*~#~~tt.1:. ,17 wr± 1t 1: .R::f~1£. r1~f~ift. ·B. iF@Z1JU ' jdft. tpEI¥]Uift ~ ~ ft.~~~-~mNI¥] ff 00 05 mJJU 'IiI¥] ~ it l:B fJi,l£ 195 1 iF 11 J=J 1* * it ~ tp ~ :At ~ ~ 17 ~ ml¥] r -R J iilb ' ft~~~/FHJ.fl:B;fruUM~~*%1¥] r R J ii ~, tp~A~~~E~~~*~ ¥ ~~~.I¥]tp W~~ ~~*& ' ~llt5G~1R~ rliR J iilt 1&m~l£tp ~ Jff£t{,'i§11X. ~*I¥]-{]}. :Z1& '. 1951. 0. mfl". IJt. m~~~ffif~*~m~1¥]. n&J. *~I¥]. ~~~. •. l¥]'l£~.~.~tp~~w~r. • • ~.I¥]K. ~mo. 1N.~~1:1:.' RJiilbJ.f~~tp. E~m~*%I¥]M~'-nOO~~tp~l£M~Ib~. ~,. ~. ~~. I¥]m*1*~o6. ~ nOOm~ajjmOOS[ ~tp ~1W1~. tp. ~. ~I¥];fr±.. I¥]~m. $'. .m$U:ll~l¥]mm.~. tt~ft~W*mi§l:B*o. 7J. ,=& ~!lD®f!~. 0. ~~t: m~~ t~jHiH&J. Ul~. =:f: ' ':::t1t:;l!q§ J. ~ftJ!t~.. ). *~~ ~:g~~~. *1¥]~~'ffi~I¥]~~. 1:. 'm*I¥]l:BJ.f~l£~~. ~H&r .fl"1£-~ffifMtpW-JE>t~NL8"J1¥iP'li. J' @r ~. ~m*&l¥]ffR'l£~::f~~~~~a~*&l¥]m.1¥frJtt'@W@1r1. 5. (~~t :. 1I~r.p~ffE 1949 ~WRIlJ. '. if.3§U 1951 if. 11 ,EJ~f~~ra~f!E' W~$f.L~Irm~Zra~®Jf1. iJ;.:tjflli~ '(iT~::t:::t:li~W:l (1949-1956) r.pm~jf.®f.L~I. ' 2003) , 1 122 !lDfi:!i3Rf.i' :::t1t1£ 1953 if.3§ 1955 if.1Y.l '. rm~i1&JfO (mJL~f!I*~1t±MH3t 6. II~ r. n&J. 0. q§$*:f'ttfijl~iUf$;. ~1i~Ji*4. ~i1&~~~·~nmllJ~~~~::t:~~~®~~'~~iJ;.:tj~~'(iT~::t:::t:. ) ,. ~~W:l. 739. 0. (1949-1956) r.pm~jf.®f.L~Irm~i1&m), J{'153-232. 0. ~. '".
(8) 91. &:w~. ~~. J. ~W&:'8f~OJ~!&JffB3ME-~~. ~~~~$'~~~~~R~~. 0. 7~llt. '. J{U1£~M. ®$~~~~'~~T~. ~JH'FteW~~fff&A-~**-fT~~®{j\!!~vm. II.!! lip. tffl®$~t,@-$~*' 1lJJ.-~. ~r~R. ~$~ti91.~.*!&~~®-~ ••• o~.*1£*. 1£~re. {~ro5fm®fiJfjg~. L !f!j lJU If fJHm ffp. ;f\ 1". 3,Fj. 'fj: 01949. ~OOY.~B. : {It .tk: ;f",t -t- {f.. ~. ~. ;f\~'WAM.~.~*. A.. ~ ~ ~. !&Jffffif Wr*l. oaA..~~~~~~~a;f\~. ~~~. JJf. :f!J r. ••. 0. ~a~~~~. •••. !til 1.v JJf. :fIJ '. • •• ••• . ~'~.~.~~.~roWAffl.~. •• M~~aa;f\~. o~ • • ~&-~~A.A..'~~~~. if It t":ft ~ aA..anIU& ~ , ... ···i!!~. ~ ~A..1l'nfl.*.. *. ~~~~*.'~~{f...~~.4h.~o;f\~~Mffl~~. ffl ·It jJL. 0. 8. ~.*m~m~®M~@~,m®ti~91~~.' ~tJ. tt 19504 10. ~~.~. .'8. ~~~, r&~ ~. ®M~5. ,Fjtffl~i:1 '$~~Tlim{)J. .~~~.,. £fi~1£~Jf~*~$. ~~ti*L®*mMM,tffl~.~~fi. •• &:¥ffp®fi~o~~® ••&:¥ffp' • • • ~~.M •• ·. 7. :§1lW:' (~~±.±.~~~). *~ijl5l:~ {:§1lW:~~ (~~l±\Ji&ii±. 8. • 1991) •. 673. ). (~t*:. A. 0. 1lW:1:P:P ;ttt;Jffj _$ 3!tf J:.l'J3flHs- ' *~ijl5l:~~ (:§1lW:~~ (~I2B~) UtJit :. 1¥J~?j[. •• ~~. ~*te~r~~~~J®M&'~.*1£. ~~. gX~tf. =~. 0. ~W~~~~~~!&.'1£W~~~~~Y~~®~~$'~. ~. .~.. A~l±\Ji&ffr±. ' 1991) ,. J{ 1438. 0. '~g.~&¥$.DI'J3*B.B.ID'.~.~~±'~'($.A~;tt~~. ~~~ (~-~» (J¥j$: 'n!§A~l±\Ji&tct' 1994. 8 F.I)'. 59-65. 0. 1*. 0. ~D:. $. , 1Mj J'tU :.
(9) rli&J. · ~U:tE~1JJ , ~::f7 £,. ••. '1f~1VJ~~t:p#~Rfiij:i'tI 247. ,~~~.,~~~fj.,m.~ti~~fi~~~a.PInm. ~&IZ~I¥J/IlII~@lA. 0. itBgimtJ.llm7::k*ifZ~. ,. 1951. if 5 F.!m. =*~~0~fr.~'~ ••• Gffi~~*.~'~~M.&.mtJ ~~rp,. .:n:. ~. ~rr. ,=. ,u;, ~ ;1:~ J.E.. i: fr. ' PI J-j,. B~~nfi:tEfr. 'A..~~m. 1¥J~.~rp~m.pqtm.A,m~rp~rp*M~.~(~*.grrp. r pq]l.n rl'l~ml¥Jj:~7G) J5JT~1!i r rp]l J' f~I¥J~Jf!all~pq$ ; ?e: * r pq]l J ' ~U ~ j:~ rp m~ ~ .. pq g~ rp ~ rp *. ~ jg151 m7R ® § ® ' :tE*re ]949 ifU*~ mallmfl~~M~ffij if ffl ®::kj:1tti [@~ .. aWM~A.'~-* •• ~·~AII.~,~~mu~.r •• J ]I.!]. 0. 0. W r *~ J. -=f$~X:R.m. P)j~~ r fJl~*Il.~~ti J. '. ®§ ®. IO~. 0. ~~ {jE Jut ~ 1M. *jg*.~~*&~ffipq$®fjmtJ'~::f~®ll~~~~~::f~®~. ~ {jE JJll. ~ 1M. ~oM*~:tEr~.1l~m~5tmMJ'~~M~~G •• *.®~. 1I'bt ;r:. $'~J5JT~I~A.~-~fjrR.E~®*~J·?e:*-ft$M'. ,. i~. lfJ*;i<.£t ildJ! ffU.t i!. f{U :. •• 4a~~'~« ••• &~*.~~*~ •• *~ ~%~*'~~~~H.'~~~~~M~~A..(;r:k-m. ••. ~ ~~*&&:;,. A..)m~M~T~. rr~*pqtm. •• ~.a~M~'~ •• ffl~.~~*.~~·.R~~· 4 $IJ A.. • a ~ r.., ~ -!tIl *- ::f it ~ 1'-1* ' ~ r.., ~ ;r: J!!. '. t1M~¥Afj. .*~*~*.~ •• '~.~«A.m*A..~4 •• ::f~. fl~Jf!~. ,. ) (~tg : A. 0. '~~*(4.)~~~E~.~'. ....... 1'-°~*-~.~A..~~*.ff.4~~* *.~.~~A..~%'~~~. ••. •• R,~;r:~~. '#.~«A.~*A..~. 4 •• ;r:~1'-·~ •• ~'i!.~1~~'~M~4 ••• ~~A..'~~*~~ ••• 4~~A..~%~*'~~~~.. ~ Of~03~» ~#fI1[§ll~. 9. 65. 0. log~t:p#~ • • • ~( • • ~$)~.~.~'~~~1~2~~&~~.' ~~Ii~bl<~. , (&~~~~). (a~t. :. t:p9;HiJf1ClIJGut~~ilff~J5JT 11990). 0. 1. I.
(10) ~~1t. ~ft~m' ret~ A~~ftb:$. *~~ili:mifm-@!. ~ ffiH~ I« ~ ~ ~ f~. *lit. ~. ®~~~*mWffl. *'ML~. , ~U7 ]951 ififep , ~lf.tI1~U7 23 '=e 1± if: ~ ~ fig . .7~fi. ~~~m~m7~*.. ,. 1951. 0. 1:1'F 00 ¥ ~ ~t:IJ. 10 Jj. ~. *. ' {ifL!f!f JJU :tl§ te :. ~~~-ifep,. a~~~~.007m. m~·±~~¥~. .m&¥~=M*mR~.~'~~7.*~.~a* ~~~f!p~¥*.m. ~®.1±=e. rep. *. =& J. ~~~,. IV. ~. oon,~~~~~~-~*mR~. 0. *. .1V~mlZ9~ ffi~. ~~q,. ~,m~~~.~#ti&¥~ft~,~~. .~.r.~~~J.ep~~. r. §m--{51*~t. ~gB~Wij. *,3=e~. •. &B'~:±~r:J~ > mt-*~ r &.~ . &~ . & ~ :±8JW • ~r &J.~'W=e **_.IV~r*~n~ 13 ,. 14*5-@!m*. 0. ftm71:. ~ Wij1±~. ~:. (-). (-) § m~~~u. IVm*. .~(OOB~~n~.IV'~-~~~&.~·. &~. im~ J. mJfte 3( lif!:.lCA ~9@1t. .&¥~~.~~.¥*.. JWr~.J~. m . - r -&J. 1:~&¥. ffij1t.~. 12. a. '. ep~,. 1ft. 1951. 9 Jj {51 j;J*. a (. ~~A'. c'IZ9Ift. IHi '. ~t~. . ' ~tl·. '& ~1!tIi'. 1J . t),L fjY < $ ~ $ *Y~m:Elf!. Ii'. $ JI J. Ii'. P'3. A. ruJJfjB"Jt~. , Ol~t),*!!t~)(I1:~~ (m-ffit» l:±tlffiUti ' 1997:tj:. 1 A -~=jj!U) , Jf 274-278· 12.:§~ 'C::.j;:jf!IIJB"Jitj;:JlffU >, *mij[)(!&A (.:§~*~~ (mIi.'f:ln> Ut : A~lf1~U ' 1977), 48 13 $~$*)(IHJf ~~, Ol~t),*.:§~*)(m ( =ffit» Ut* : $*)(* l:B~U' 1988), 513 a ~~i)}¥IH~fB"J~)(m~*Jf.~r:p~,§1:flf1Jl&db ' !It,~~~~Jfjt*ijr f3 ':§~*"ff~i)}~~B"Jmm • 14 r:ttl JBifIJ~jf!!IJJ J ~.:§~*tE 1951 :tj:. lOA r~ ~ T ~H!ijy1fF~ ~!'/!t~:f%:WH~ .B"J~.tt'®~l:BB"J-~~~ • • M~·.:tj:.l0A23B~~a.-g~ $*)(IOiff~~~. ~1MgeiW. ) B"J P'3 ~, $ A (~t* : $*)(.. ~A~~ fIJ~~t ~MeM~ ~f~Uf.jf:. am 1m I¥;. 0. r:p~$9.!. 50 IS . a. *)(ffifj fiB"Jrl'i t)'-~ft.
(11) .. °M~~~~~~4*~*~~*o~.~@~~~-~~~.~W-~ ~¥fY. r~J. gjljfHJ¥fYmrP~,,18. jljg~¥fYmrP $*,,113 ZI ;if Sv61 ~frA:. I 13 £ ;if ~~61 J}~ r ~tl J &ag • ~l!i&aJHti~¥fY .ul1HJ!i~4* 0. o. .1. O~. t:3=. ].[ • {( ~{!f IJi) l#intf~ > : OvI - 6£1 ' ( 166 I ' :p~~rn~ .. ¥ rP # rP : .!:~n~) {(~:r) !II@&a:V}$:P.1HI~~+m±~)' ~-.j;~ ~h1&aBm:@. *,. 0. ~~ • • ~e.~~B.g • • ¥f~m(~): • • • • ,~aw. (fuI) : flii'f~a1!iitOO~~[¥.j~ 13 II ;if 1~61 ~mt~ , ~~imW ' ]t:[¥.j~~ (:=): lHYm~ , tU:iHIlHu (-): W ~9v ~~W 019 ~lH~m~ , cr:~~WJ rmWij¥fym. (-):. ~0'. Lrn. ' ~"-+If[¥.jE2:~~f#:td!¥rP#rP:tIJ~. rPw]t:~,~ag.,~~~~.. ·4~&a.~&aB0'.~W~~2L. 0. 'MI&a.E~~.~~W • • • W~. J:~.rP~ • • ~~.~t:3='."-~. .~. •. ~m,emy~em~*M •• ~~m,&em~~mfu. '• ~~~~.8~.~W(~)oM~mW ••• ~~~~~~'~. •• ~~.~, •• ~~ •• ~~ .,~~.~. .;. I ...~. m~~~~~,. U~. ~.~llimmm~~.~.~ru~~~OO'y~. ~~¥~·4U~.~. .~~~~. •. ••W-. U~~~¥~(. ~~M~m. ~~M,. ~~~~,~~. B IHMID~. W.WE. •• ij.,. •. (=). i!!}.ij,~, :;:jJ~~¥. o~.M*Mtl~~~.~~L.m ~Jllliij'Mi. ~~. •••. W~. ~~~~~W-.OO.~(-):.. :mmt~r~~ r ~~~. ~... iiN~m~. D. •. )0*2g. ~m'~-.M'B*.~-,~~~ij~~~~. ~~~~~. o*~~¥. ~H1!;1~If~*. ~J • •. ~w*~~~r~!i}'. iE~~~~~e tl+llim~. W••. ~m*~~. ~.~*. ~r~. 0. ~.(. 0. ~~y~.. .~~¥~y 6Z9E m.~. ¥~oo~.·~m~~ij'Mi~¥~M. ~~~~'~~L~~¥¥·.~~~~~¥~~L.. illli~~'.~~. 2fiOOW. U~~$o~~. ~~. .~W~fi.W'*. ~llilHl.~-~r~~¢jF¥8ft1~~. ~,:;r}~. ;fi!!}.
(12) ~~~M~·~.~. mfto(li)~~~~~~AW~~'M~~. m~~.m~·~.~~~~~~.W. ••. 'U.~.M~~~~. J1§ o( 1\) PJ -:f!t5!R~~$~fifflHt~/J'\*Jl f'F~~$~WJ &~ tiB!k:1f!fm.. '. Mz.1bbWJ~$f:j~*,~t!i*~,~ ':f~. ~ 11 ¥IH5- ~ 3§tl =e 1l ~fFf.1: 1&. '. ~IIJ. ~ 3§U =e ~ It. B '=e~~~"~*il:S-1fi~PJ • *fi ' =e:(£:fJ:t ~ r:p IDt :. 20. ~. '~Att1f' 0. 1Z~iliJl~. 5N3t~~. Ii 19'!j¥; 0. ~m=. 16. 1951 4= 11. J=3. =e$. .ro:PJ&.~' r:p:k:iE(JfJ:S-$F~. :S-N&.fli f!!! *il J. ······tf~~1.bl!1~:fii%~iE.a{). tfffl~~~ • • a'4~~~~. 0. 0. ~1-F1r'~#Ll!1ml:fii%. • • ~~A'~. .... ••. .•.. tf~ff. ffi3i3-'1f. B ) , 5r-1. ~~~~.~'~~.'~~.~A~M.o4&~l! • •. ~~,m. .~~~~.~.'.-.M. tB : r tiJ. ~ ~ I~ i)(. , $.t,~ j,!ia '. fuJ J: ~~ tf. ili~.~.~. ~ fP:fii %. 0. 17. ffl. Am~~fi. 1: Wr:p ~ 1:::: @ = r:p 3::: ff PJ 31{ =e tt IL\ r mt t( tifQ ~ J. it -= r*J ~$ ~. 3&fit ' P)JsHt!HtE 1951 4=1'" *4=z1~ffi~~~f;f r r:p Ii J W r r*J J ~.m ' ,~"'~,~§~ =ei§:fi.IL\.r*J~*$~~m r mtt(tifQ~ J rj(li. :(£tt~~1. j! ~ iffii 5it. ~~.~. 0. ~~LI. '. ~NP EH'!j¥~trnJffifi~~x. wllr~. ~. • 3i~7~ltl;!~~jt856i. ~~ 0. 5NTlffD~ff~. Itl. n.R~fl. '!j¥~trnJ:(£~~r:p~m5NTlf. 1'Fml!. m.wllr:(£MA~1&ffr*J.m~=~.~A&M~0.mA.~~. gg 18. •. ffiFrHtfi1J~:tr. ' MAfAm 0.Im '. li.~. 1952. , Mz.~1:1'"N&&~m. if. PJ*m • •-t. 16~~ • •. mffi(H••• e~.D'.-$.~~.~·~ •• ·~ •• ~. > I¥.JfEHm r'3?(; • ~'*1~-~ . <;fi-=fmj(#:1fHIi!.ftfl¥.J@,Ii ( -t~) , Ji 140 ; PXt?<. Ol~PJ*,,§i~fi$!3tm (~-fffi n . ~ 514 • Itt 2 .rJ~. 0. 17 18. OlIJPJ*"§1!JifOtm pff~ r I!Ml~.. J •. (~=fffi». ,. ~ 513 •. ml¥.J~'i'~tpjU¥;iJi!(.~$r~ttttftd.~ ~ PJT.f§I¥.J~. .·~m • • I·.·M·.~'. •• ~ff.'~.~$MMiJi!(~~·~~. I¥.J tI f:9U 19. .~tr.u. 20. W/j'\Zf$..
(13) rli&'J. 'M~I!JJt.wt.f:t~r'i!QMi&m 251. f$~it. ~~ • • -.=~.~a~~.l¥J'~M.. WJ¥nfrj. ~~.~A'~~+A.~~.D~.*mmD.'~U~*.U II a 19'$~trnJi§Jfi¥IH1r~~~~~-~Bl;fO~JiW. · ?tllU~'$~tnul¥Jm. *1t.. ;fOm=iI~c. 0. =l5$*~~*~trnJ~Wd¥IH5l¥Jf1tim~ 1951. 1l}3 3-$F~. ~'~=A~MU~. ~~)flflll¥J. · ffiJ. ~trnJtI~~. if:. II }3 20 B.~~. ~. ~J1f!l!l¥J¥IH1r j!U~ 11 }3 29. ~L~7=l5~*a~~**~Ji~$~~m~=l5~*l¥J~. if:fll %. 13. ·. Pii! ~T. B)' 1§mnum. ! fill il ~ i: ffl. ~i3 '~/J\zts:1£¥&i3*1'f. ttl : r. 31S~7 ~JJrl¥J. IIi a;tt. tC'$~tnu~. .~~. .£f!~7C (11 }3 25. ~c~/J\zts:itBL~-f51ffH11§mrnJ&:. &~i'5&:1.gnt-. B. ~'5r~'Iil¥J. m. :tm~;fO=l5$*~&:~~rl:t'lil¥Jmmw.·. .~. ll-f4*$ J. 0. 20. ~~Wdl¥J¥&i3'. 'b'1i · ~$l¥J. "lJiJ rj<:. i~c~J. ¥UW/j\zts:a"J¥&i3 • {f}¥U~-~' ~JiW.l¥J~ It ~;ttt ~ J[l' l.m 5& JJ! ~ 5s 11:: 7 · ~ =l5 $ * if{) fi§ ~.l¥J ~~ ~ 11:: fJ! ~ IE 1£~M.~*o=l5l¥Jm-Ji • • ·&~*g~:tm.*Tm ~~fi ~ • • ft~.El¥J*1t • • 'M*~~.l¥J m7;ttt®~.~~l¥J ~~ • ~ffiJ ~ 11"00' ;ttt®fK¥f~:tm1J~~m 7 f:f!~311HI ' 1'f~ ~U~ n-R~fkAJ~tmpJTij 1.l¥Jil&m~~@ , *,2J'iJT~ r ii . f~ • fi§ J 21itfiX. ~T~ ~.~~A. ~;m~. 1¥J.~.Mom • • ~~.~r~&.J.I!J.I!JZ.~~·~. 1952 if: 2 ~ 29 B S3J&~~.tH$%~ll:.. ,t,.,1t.~ ... ~. J:..Hf~]tt~3'<:C~Ui. (~=-ffi}». UtJj{:. '. ~c.p;ttc.p;k:3'<:Cfiff~~~. · O!I!IJ. t.f:t;k:3'<:l&ttH~Eini±· 1993)']if 93-97. 0. •• L~~~~~c.p~~~~~.~~M(~~L~~rr~~~m.1M)~* 1¥J.~'~~.~~*.'m~ • .w.w~l¥J~a,~.~""~ • •. e$·. 3'1'ft.±:. 19. ~~tfiUl¥JmrnfH5' J&~ {M!~J:J*:!l:l!3'<:lg~~ (~=fHj-)}']if 469-470·. ~). 20. JB;j\2JIi!{5}¥IH'r~3'<:sl.t*tEl.. .. :§$,*3'<:. 21. ~I¥J.. '16Jm.1. (~=ffi})) ,. c.p~:W;j7g&jffi r ~ ,. itt '. '. :f~:§l~jf~t.t~-al¥Jm3'<:JluJ&.A. 524· ~ J ' ~IUtt~-ffi1l8Pfi~l¥JmHrpxm. Zf&, fl}7J:J~ r~Jo ~~.~:§: + ~ 3tgtHltfHd. ' 1998 if: 5 ~ ) , 18 • ~~B rf~J. (M!liIJ:J*. .. '(Jl!~mU~). 5£; r li J. UtJi'::. '. ~t. f-'1i. :1' '" '.'. ~. ",It Is. I... ~. I. III. ill I,.
(14) 252 ~1=M9:~~. (m+liM. 2004.7). .~~~.~m.*~ ~J. •••. ~.$o~k.mB. Z.'ff. ~.~~r-. ~M~®ff~ff~~¥®~~~~~'. fflJffma' <iR )W1. ••• *~~:r~mooA~'~ff.~a •• o~a~.~, IJJMFI'3' , {tM~'i'tiW. lfB~~! J 22g{~i1. m~ 1500 ~ J['ti r5t. 00 5JU rtu {-(g fit: ¥& 15 '.1:) oo~.Z.'B§. ~. ,timff~~~. ~~tfmit{.l\tGJj1Hl. ~rW.-r.. ~MM0.. .oo~~.¥.. r. 23~ fffl. ~¥&. ;f& '§' ~ ~ ~::§ tG. ,~mm~mw·. ffW.~·~m§.~. §.om~~mff. .'~~.~ffi. -. 0. *~·wm::§tG. ~k-.~~. 3<':{t*~. 0. JtJtG fi:f.i*, ztFE!P.fI. *MC,~i4tJ~1j!. • k@!*;;$:. ~tG~~URtf. !j!JJ~M. ~~MCMC.~~. ~~~.~~,. · ~~MtG. ~M. MiWm~.¥U~1t·. iR. *. ~~. ~. Fii' #~. ~. ~lt1. ·. !'~. if 11 WG§1¥iJa] (W/J\ 1951. 30. ). E3. ,::§~*~fl';f~. ~tJm (~--.. ~{}}¥&15"~¥U~. ~.. ' IIJ7I.). ;f&.I:)k¥{lL, {-(g. :Itt. :k ;!. ~. l~a. ~$fJSt ~ i1fm;f&.~~~ml1t~. .'ff~~m'~fi~~~'~~. .-{t*. ~1§~r~.-. ~.·a~ tG*m~. 1951. ~. -W*~/J\~t5. rm. 0. 12 Jj 1. ~*~~*~. .Jr~. ::§~*. 1§~H. ~ {-(g ~ fflH~. fft*~tJm~iI*m~. ~~m.~ff. · ~@. ~ J imlf.J~. ff. •• ~*. ~. •. 24~fl';fJ\{~. tG. r :=.. .~~~. ... ... J. Jj4B'. ;. ~'-1500. 2S. B. '::§~*.I:)~~~9;:~.~l:fj. < ~m~.fJ 26. 27 . < IlfJ P). 31. 'it~~t*r1. fj~iW~j. W 329. 0. ~{!jtp. 23 tfl£=§t!*$HI~~=+=~1¥J <=§t!*f.l.AB~@]ti~) (a~t 24 2S. O$IlfJP)'*=§t!*X~ ~allfJff±li1. :. lfij~x1t/:f:Ht&0~. (m-flft» ,. 524, 528. . (tp¥A13.H~fDIlfJM.'£:~1i1. . 1994). Jr 77. 0. (m-~)) ,. 74. iii. :tt¥5~~~ 0. Atpl¥J~3l. *mJ!?>C. 0. J •.
(15) r liRJ '~~I1J~Wrp;ft~!li&m. *1l:RMl1&' ttfii:fr'i*3' &:~~Y5' &:~~. m. *O&:~. 253. ~I¥J~JE). 0. (~JE).~m7*$ffi • • • ~~*Ml1&I¥J~R,~&m~.m ~M~I¥JM.. ~,OO~~. ~x#*~ffl~llig~r. •• flttfii:fr'i~~~~'&.~l¥Jffi &JI¥J~*:. 4••• A.*,~.n~~t~~.'~M.~~. ~~'~.*.~~.~.~A~~~M.o.~~t~4 ~~~*4~.'~~~ •• ~~*~#.o ~~~~~.~*~.I£.~*'.t~~~.#~ •• ±'.~-~W~.*.t~~t* •• t~~~W. M•• t~~A~~.~~4~~~~.~a~*~~~~ ~~'k~*£.~om4k*t •• ~Y_ff .~.~. J. ~~~.1o~~~Y_ff~.~.'~~t.m*.. ". ~. ~ •,. 0. ••••••. ~. *A.a~ J)!. =5. ~ ~ :#I:. *. 27. ~'. .. IUl &dJ! f~ n~ 1f 1" ~ ~(; ~ ~ .ff 19tjfJlql '. •• -~~~A.~~IUl~#~.~*¥'~~. ~ r - &: J. 0. ,m. ~. ~jm. 1£. l¥J~jl. £. m. ilif51¥tH~' r. (m=fflf» ,. O!~J:J*1t~;tiUUw. r. 01951. ". 'If. •. 12. ~Y5rl:1~~I¥JRI¥&27. 7t~lElil¥J. §[. Is. 26. I¥J ~ II) ~iFf 1m lt~gt1 {fJ r:p:9;!: $tr 00 B'. ~"gt1~tJjCmr1F~g~~t*mIf'FA. $ '-nrm§~~t. 26. '*.. -* ' 3t d7 ~ ~ ~ -t F] ;t ~ ~ if 1Jl. ~ :#I: 1f.. ~{1f!~~ffHgH!Lt.~. B 4 B'. • •. I.'. J'. M(.g)(~~l. '. 482-483. 0. ~~~t*m~.~am~. l£j1.~'5rp '~t*m~1flm E:I. 1949lf:J:J*8i!. 0. ff~~~~fla~~m~~~~~,®**~~~.*mm~~~WM~o. ~'5rp [E]~1flm E:I m~J:J*. ' ~t*m.~1!1HI8[itma~?tf1\sli + A '. .~~.~+li.A~M'~.A • • ~~~M.~.S~·~ 1\sli+. ,. Arp~~~~?tZ='~~~0~$~,.-a-+-A *m.~;tIU~tI. 0. *m~ J '. (~.;t~>. (m=fflf) , 496-499 W*l&A 1980 If:ftJ:J1&t:BIt&~. .gg~~. ~o~(.~~. m.~'5U!:!if~ r ~t. rp. 0.
(16) III *& J;} 1:" fll ~[J flH~ ~. :. +~.4~~4»~*affi~IM~'I~4-.~. ••. ~·~#.~~~~~.~~.~~ffl.T-.~.~~~. A.~.~~*'#.~~.~ffl~~. * ' *• • ~*. ~~*~~(~~~~£~~~~~~£A±)'*~~~. Jt, ~*. it~Jit,ftJt~.~1P}~€i.itA.. Jt. J:. .;~ ,. ~ raj. at i. »* +~. 0. 0. ······§.f,~yJ.J:.a9~%' ••••••. -'f. •. ~. -'f.~a9~%' F.t*Jt.J:.#1t;~, raJati.»*-'f.~ ~%~. tc. It. lil., II. ~*.~~~~. =••. ... , yJ. it R. ~. 0. JL-Mi ~ ~ % at ~,. mm. It ... !iijJ , 1;k: {j\. Iii. fit. r.. M! it ~. jj1. 'f. ••••••. aJ:J J.!. dJ. JL~~ 0. 28. mg~*,=. ~ ~t J;IN f[i. ~E.fOO~M.~~. ~D*J;}11. •• ~m*-~~ ~.~Imm , :e:i ~IJ }~J! :*: ~jH~ ~ ~ Jfi ItJ ' ~ d6\ ~ =€ • •. W15G~~ffi¥~1m~.m~~u~. ". ,. ~'U~~1:q~. Kq~.mg~*.~,~~~~. II. .'.. ~. 0. #t. -=- ~ ~ •. ~a0*1:~M*.~.~m*~. %AlftJ;} 1'Jt ~ 29 ~ , f~.~t. :±ii7:ti. .~~~~gft~ffiq,~.. 0. •. '[fflf¥j. ,~~trnJ' ~t:ijCm~. ®.&~t1(, ~. B~~~~~.A,~~~r=.&J.ItJWm~m~.~.~. mm~$'§~~~~~~~~ o. 19521F 1. o~~. 8~qi!. $'. +*RJ). A~~'~~iliflA~. {13 9=. • • ~:t1t"u[ffl1fg~flrm='&iiltJq~~:t1t. FJ 4 8. • • §Jft. ~'~T.~u[ffl.~~ffiq~.~S~,~~m~:rIDfl®~. 28. ot~PJ*=B~*)(~. Hl~2. C!f!=-mr)} , J{ 542-543. 1~5B.* • • M-N.~m. *~ ~fT ::: ~[J friJ J1l. ) ~~. 0. •••••• ~~$.~~~ffi~.. •• a~J'~~ , "$U7=B~*~ , ijliW=B!'t9I1~ . :uUJH3 ~ 7m)(*€l*.'.-.'.mC~ff.* •• m~ )'.~~.ffi~=B ~*=,~~ •• !'t9~~fu~_~~* •• Z~'~~9.=B~&!'t9£~~ !'t9~~~Ji!.*€l0.l*. ~·a.~~7=B.*~~·Ji!.~~~*)(~~~~.".~~*=B.* )(~. C!f!-fffi)} UCg:. ~*)(~ffiJffiiffd:.' 1993)· J{ 121·. lO. II. 32. ,.m. 'm~ (.;1.
(17) 10. ,!. .... •. o. 18 -08. M ' (C 1lH~Jii). ~~!ilt!~*~1IliO. 1:£. or. ~~!ilt!~*~1min. ~I. o. 1£. % !;[ • {( 1lH~Jii) ~~!ilt!~*~1min. o. M ' (C 1lH=-Jii). !ilt!~*{';' ~llft&a4'il ~~rn-i;'R ~ijiffW. .. DIrJn4;~;t. ~~='~=~~~~~~~'*±*~~~·~M~~~ ~'.~~W'T~~=~~W-~.W.¥W~~$ :~~(~. ~2fl!-=- .mmji )2fl!~~ @l*~ @: E3 ZZ f:{ I Z~ 6 [ Dt tr~ tz5; !fili @: iHIHI¥ ¥H{) E tP Er -f-!m.L@lElh&K1J-Emqr r g~~- ( CU .. ~ "i" ' W:t ¥ "i" W it ~f) kJ}~} ,if * ~~ ¥ tP ~ dEf ':fHIHlH]~ ~ E3 +=Ef-.mmqr J: ~ifD~~i* '-!$-~~ rN-.J 'jfMD~it H~IHI~}-.L E3 OZ Ef I ~%r?fJ±~Emqr "r:J'~~~N==b~'jf~ rridEf1J.L *¥ tP f$l~:r LJIf .mmIrMW til ' qr.~ tz5;!fili~ , ¥tt. *. 0. o. 0. i r-f--0&J¥~~'. .. ••"'. .1. ms o. J'-!$-~~r • •m• • ±.±J~. ±YM. ~IM;j{~. ~. Em*. '.L. 'Wtil~D'.Le~~M*'W. N~N. :rna. ~:{::. hl.n*~. YM11~~.mm1WIrMqr •. ~~ • •. !ilt~. Di. m~-!$-~I. WfY!!m ,. ~=F¥1. :t '. ¥l,if[. .~,~. *~ 4!l Eld6 ~!t ~7,\lm II. =,¥. ~m~ 81:. tp. 0. Wlff:l£¥. •• ~. , • • t;ljl-. W.*.oN~~~~V •••• ~'~~~.~~'~~. W~=-=. ,*bl~~~'~~.*~=~. ~lt~~.~~w#.. .... -if. 1£. YT.~~±y~.lt'.4'#W.±.±.~'. 0. :u±~. ~~~.~~~*~~~~~o~#.~~,¥~~%,~. ~~~'~~~~'. ~ @: ,. E3. ~.f ~. • • ~S£lWI~ • • :t*.I~. :.U~~~'-!$-~~~WN. • ill! tr~. ~ 1 f:{ [gI O£. 0. r [gI fit ± ¥. J: l'{f. :U-r~1r. .~~ji~IHI~ • ~ ~~. .mm*. W[jf-~. cPmt ~ ~ 3"r.w ~. f;[.
(18) 1~~.'~~~~~-A~~a*~.t.~~~2AI0 ao.~fl~~.3k~~~. ~~'rnt • • • -*,~. ~.at.o~fl~*~.ffl&~~.~~~~~~.%'. ~~f.ft. •• ~~'~.*f'~M+A~.'.~~.. ~~~'I+~fl~.~#'~~~.h-.~~~~*~. Jt. a 33. ~. *~. ~ 1.t ~. 5t m~ ~ Jt ~ *. *~.S~~#~~~*~Jt~. ~y. a. 1~:Ji. t. tf m~ m~. m~~':Jit.tfm~ML. f'~.~~.~fl*k1a~~*~. •• m-~*~Jt~. ~#.*%~~~(tf~-.~#~~~~hm. Jt ). a. 70.*~. 34. ~i1f¥U. {~tthtV~iN~-=f-. '. ~]FUt. 0. ~tfqj. rILE. ~*~{j\~ ¥&~. , =Btl:. ~§::D.~. fi!R~:f!i*~ 19521. ® .=tJtVJfl;{vj ,. *~~a~.m'~~~~~~.~~000~.'m~ffiti~;.. *5 ~ ::f {ltHIl\!ii ~ , ~ ~ =EH~ ~. l£i. ~lli-~~.~r*~~J*o.~~u~,r~'~'~J~.. ~,. ~ {~ r:p f¥j. klli ~. A~~RW~. - 00 tlf:H~,\ ff ft ~ ,. ~,. . ' •• 'fi• • ~~~.lli::f~o. m~,. -=-4. .~r-&J~.~~ti.~~m~.~'~w.~~m-q. OO'~. 114!!. •• ~UAI~.~.~'~~~~.W.Wili~.*B~. z_,~~r~*5U~~X.. *ttU!l~D~. '4J-fb. .1I1--i± :#- Jr. AJ'~~+n~xA~m~~D~. r:p~fb.. a. ~l!t. r =&J. iNt~~5r~lli. r IL. f~. &J~~~o. -1. .f~ ~fJJ. =B~~ ~~m~ffj r.tr~ 'L'\ a OJi7C 33. ~ff,f*15-tl5I;A~m PJL~~mi'F r *~m. m1'F 34. r IJ\~m J. Je.*,-~. -tiftPJ r -T~5I;PJL~ 'CE~mjdi~JfH~${tf:a9@]Rm (L1f1f» , ]I 143 •. Ol~PJ*=B$Jjlt3tm (~:::'fH}» ,. 78 •. ~ n\'. J'. 35. Ol~PJ?. 36. O!t!l!UPJ3.
(19) r. fl. 10. -;k '. ~. ~. 2. J:. a~. *'*. r1i&J~IVB"Jtf::\m,~~~~r=&J~~~~*o~~=5. *- ~. ~*. ~&~E.. ~. i.*-~. ;. ' =51£ flUI r:p % 53U tit iU : r 16\ ~Jl ~ m ttl! ff: ~ ~ fflHJi it ~ p=~ ~ ~ e!H ~§:.~mli15fi~i§:-~. J ; r ::tfI~W:lI:{N~lit~fJijt~~~~pff~ M!B"J~:km:~m~ J 35 19521f. 1 jj 5 B ' =51£flt.~UiC$~~tn r =& J r,*B"J¥&'2f If,f , ~ tf::\ 7 ]I! fJjHt Ei"J ~ rJ w=t ,~, : 0. , 1lU. IVfl~j. ~ ;j\. 1* JG\ ~ IV = & B"J ~ OOIUl.- . ~t mJ ~ - rEl Wgg 1¥J mJ Im ;j\ zP: B"J. ~ '2f. ur fig, ~. k.~Jt~. ). -~.~-~~~*.±~.~~.~'ffAA'.~' a.~m*ff~~~A~.t*'~~~. ~=5t~JE. •• ~-~m*ff. ~'#~~~~~.'."~*'~~'.ffl,~~,t. mJB"J~. jlJ. ,ttl~iiJ~Wcp~r'i'lJMift;1:m 257. =.. lilX. ~:vIi% '. :t 1$ 11". li&. J. •. •• ~-M.'.k.WA~M E...~*~kM~~.*~.~m~~*(k8~*~ ••. 0. ,.~a~~~~m*-h. 1£m-1F.f m:kW#7\. •• ~~~.t)~-.~~~~*,.~t*-~h.'*. tE1lDIZ. *k.~ff. ~~~.fl~E...fl~£*~~~k.~.o.~M.~.. •• ~~.'Mk.M.#~-~*-~.~~M. M*.*ok8 •• 4#k~.(~.M'*~'~~~~. ~tf::\r1i. *~t)~*~(~A~.~)~*~ff'~$.M~* • 1:J] /,lie, ~ ,. :Vii ~~ ~ •. ;ftft- IN 11 *- h. w1* ....... 36. =5~*~~rer=&J~~r_~:kmmB"J~~rJ*~~J'~ ~~m1!1$~7 fiP.~~lit~:fifJr~~Tjtfft~*& r &Jj(. B"J 1* J G\. 0. ~ ffff ]I! frrH~ 11: ~ B"J ~. 143. 0. 35. ot~tJ*=5$*:x~. 36. Ot~tJ*=5$*:X~. J'. r. n. J. , =51£ i§: 11 ~ tn 1i j£ p=~ ~ B"J W#7\ ' 7U. I; 5f;tJ x.:1f. >' :wi. •. (m=w n ' ~ 524 (m=.w n ' :wi 21. 0. ' 528. 0. r. .'. ~. fI'. .. ~. !. ~,.
(20) ,. ,. r. mCf!l~~¥&. 258. .~. ~~~~5'. •. ~®. ~~m~r~. H.~a. .~n~~~~'. I~. ~~~~. ~m~'~*.ilir~~J. ~$.A~~~~~. ~W1. ~~~J:.. ~~~. m.*. ~J:.~. ~,~~~~~~~o$~~Rm~~~~~~~.I~fi~. Itm~:ti. .•. pg~. ft~ • •. -J(.. fUlt ' pff. ~. B.mr~.~J~. ~. )-T.m. ~*~rr$~.~'~.~~~. · tJ.M-~3m~I¥J1J:ctiifi. ~.~~,~. r ~. RD~~om. ~:®~~. ~~ J • r M-~ J ~m.. r$~M~J~~~~~'.. *~:tE 1949 ~ 1950 i:Frd)~1E~~.m~~fkifI~~:ti. J:. '. ,~P{t~:tE*H ~.:t.:t. g~. ~ r 0fk~,Ii J ~~x~1~~MX1. *~~~.A:tEpg. Y5f=r~. ; ~®-. ~f. 37. {~[f'T] m~} 38~. :ti~m. ~~~~~r~~. JW.**~~,~~g.~~. J:.m¥u r !V'&*iM* J. 37~~~~.~z.~r=&J. -F'. 0. 1it~. ~~~Hf!llJ'~-1gtEJJi. ~~UifI~. M*J~.~~~o~*r~. •••• Z. ~. N· 5lUW. r ~. J. ~&;\. 1~~~B.~fi.m.*.~. I ~~r~~bj(. ,( ~~.~*nWj~Irm~r& : ~Jii.;iUt;~ (~) I (t1~t) ~*Wf5i.:I17H[[f-t~Wf5i.:Pff::tJm r 1f~~~~~J¥ ~~~1$j WfM1J J ~>c ' 20011f 12 F.l (~~JiJ~) ~~~.~m1:9 I 19491f 9 F.l fE-§tf51§.~1:.ViX ' A~1I1t ' fjHIE.~. 0. 38. ili*~1iT 1952. m~. ~~. *. ~lmf*~. ~.~~~~~. ~~§,¥.~~.g(~. o~. .'$~~RA ~. J~~~'~~~0~~~~. •• **m~D. ~~U. '~¥§~7r~~Jwr~MJom. mr~~Jwr~.Jfim*~W~. ~,~~* m~. (m+1iWl 2004.7). ~&~~~Jii.fr~~~B~~A±Pff~~~r~~A~~m~rm1J.JPff jffiil!!!~-$£*7:t. ' fr. 19541f~.A~~~~m-mHM7:tilim. ,(~. ~~}ID~~r~~~7:tJ~~~'~~lli~~~Jii.~~~~1:.ViX'~ ~~.~m~~~I.fir~~1:1: ~~~*>C~Wf5i.: *>c~ililt&ir±. J~~.o(~~~~>~>C'~~. $Ii; , (.[iJJp)*m~>C.~$Ii; ' 1992) , 1- 13 0. (m~fIfr». Ut. :. ~.
(21) r. _J. 0. ~. ~~m.!l}. 1952lf- 1 f3 5. r~mJ. ~~. -ri1£rli. m••. :'If-~ *~. ~~~. ~~ 1l". fUlft ' FJT P). [~fi~. I. 1E:. J p,t". ""YJ. ~ JiI'{. ¥¥~. , it. 1'Wi) 38fBl. -'§.t5JJf r !)"~m.. ~~Etlr~ti. R J 1!W!16\ Ir~*~~ ~(m)'. ~~~!iJfi. 'mtl£:£1~Bf!r~~!1ii. m.JiJPJT. ,. .Im ' (~IPJ ±:.~ :t. ~m. r ~m&:J)(J. Jte.~~~ • • ~. ~'.~m~*l£~~~r~~A. '!1=&:.IlJJ~M~~7.~o~~~~m~*1£~ • • ,~~. ~.(1f38B)1£(A~B.)x~7~~. ~~cp. m:rWJ~. ~-{'Fte~~. Jtj1§:?X~i:tr±.-:tJ't. ~fL~. ~:. .~'~.'~.~A~.*'4t~~~.~.t~. .. ····~7t~~*'~~~*' .. '*"ii-:ft*,·)h m~~ •••• ~*'#M~ •• ~'~.*.~~~~~. ~*~-t1f-~H!t.,. l' I., ". Nf~~ • • ~*o. I". ··.... t~r\.~;iA.~.·· .... ro#-ieirJ.*~£Af/.], -it ~~,~.I~f/.]~.*.-t.IMf/.] •• '~*,t~W. I,.. A~.*k~~~~~~~WA~.-.'A*~~~I,. .. •. A~~'a.~~~*wo~~'. •••. '~irJt~*a. ~A'~~~~~~~m~m~.~'~~~ffAA'~~'. .~.~'~ •••• ~*ff~'~.~.MA'~*Ar\.. *11 j;i. ,. Jlil f* Ii •. ~. 11 A.. ' tA J! $.. j,' .. A ~ ~ *~. 0. ....... •• , rm-~~4~lf..t1i .1~)i4Ji*~~1fT.~*" •• ·"··· 4.r\.~~A~t~,,-,~.&~~.~~. 0. ~'~.»~~ A~III.'. ~m.~r~~J'~~. te*j[fflli7[\~o. 1\\'\. ~ IlJJ. 'lWJJ<iIIJ~~t:p~f,lljllil&tE1 259. ~fBl%~~m--~~m--~x~~~ii. '/\ 5!JC IJ:.J r't{11'1fi1 t9RI ;.J. J. ,. •• W~~'rm-~~4~.~A~.4Ji*. a!]m~T.*W~*~""". 0. ,E.'. J§l!tA. ' rm. ~1i~~1~if. ~~~~T~~*!tA..~.f/.]4Ji*o •• ~.*,,'~.~' t ~ • ~*' ~ .:k.. ~. ,J, ~ , ••)h ~Jl ~ ~ #) A it ttl ~. ,. 0. ...... ,. ,. ~3t·iltfj. ~.*~.*.~'rmR.4Ii.~~~~.~.~~~.. UtJ.?- : q:r. ~*~+*~~o'~'~.*~ffAA'~~'~ ••• ~.. ' 51. ~. ~~ i~ it ~. _1.I.!t ' ...... ~ *-. *. A. it if. '. {* ~.
(22) M.)~~*. ••. *+,~a~*. •• ~~*~A#~~.. ~'~k~~~££~~ • • ~~~~'~M~~~~~~ ~~?A~~a~~.#~~o~~~R~XA~~~~. ~*.!J~'tA~,~~~*~~*4JflJ' PJfyA······'tA~~,~ ~ ~ ~ *~ ~ ~. lU ~~ *'1 ~ it l! ...... ~ 1r'J ~ ~ ~ II x jl}j ~A ± *-hP l! ~ J.l! E1 if fh 39 0. r~. *" '. ii!~t;t,t .... a~.)~~. fffi}EfJ ,fgl 16\1& f¥J 1iI. {t{: ,. if!. j£B~f •. '-mTS. •••• ~,. R~(A~B~)~~E.~,WUAI~.~*~~m. ~o~m~mmw~~~. ~~m~7. )][lI'eTfE. 0. ~*m.mm(~&~.w~.. r ~*&rl. .~.. ~f¥J.. 11. ~,*+JE. ~I!i. /F11tl. .~7ft.~~m.,~*.~.u.. •• ~~r0U •• JWr .~~JAm*,~ ~~.m~ r ~ •••• JWrIA~ •• J~m*M .~r~ ~ •• Jwr A~m •• Jm~~ ~ •• ~ ( rm~.) _$~40, /F~W r 0fl.• • ' .~flj J ~*~.tn /F rmJJi~ ; t<D4-*~~mJJ~l?lOi!~ . ' r 0fl. • • J W r ~.~flj J ~.~~~. ~ft$. •. ~I!i. r ~?J7{fL\gt J' r /F~glf ~mz4flj J m ~*/F~tn (~rm~.) f¥Jpg~ , •• ft\G~*JT ~ ~ f¥J-$~fffi~~ •• amJ.* mm~~7 ••• tt~~~,. fl... Fm.~~16\~~Dm!H~. a. &fffi~. f¥J rm . ~1::r.011. f~J'~ ~~. 11lii ~t. IT1. f¥J~$'~. IfF~' ~d. *~JjU'"f~. t:t.. 0. tl. fltA±~tJD. /F~m • • ~7,~~(~rm~.)m=+~.$~r~Ift~J. w r ~1~~m J ?fr\/F~.:fIR. ':. MJ~&. ~m !lfj. ~p~~ 39 q. JaJ~*. ' (JaJJ~'*~. rIA~ • • • J. CF~) (~tEi: : A~tI:HiJ5ijfr± ' 1984) •. 81. 84. ~{~~~.)~mm~~,~~~~§&m-. §~;r~*~~ •• JD~*~{~. 0. ••. ~.)~~~~§~,ffl~m-+. 41. ('M-R~~. r ~iU&UiHji. J B"1~?ft ~tnlf~O 'JaJ~* 1952 £f 1 J=J 5 B I¥J~ ,~w~~~a~ •• ~m~.m~rli~JI¥J~m~~,m§w~~±. 42. .-?Hi. ' {;. 43. (ij!~PJ*:. 1\.~. ±~?JTf'Fl¥Jm~~~. mJt&ffr± '. 0. 0. I'.
(23) r li&J 'M~1ItJ~!A!tF~~Jlil&m 261. ~t. ttl fI.J 4R. r ri'*&Fi~ J lI!300. t~~~. 1i'M.;;f ~~. i f1& 1lt.~. .m~7. #~\~~li!13U. 0. •. ~~. ~*:tE~ ~~*.D. ~1lt"~t. ••. ~. iii r -lSi J ¥& ~mm~.~~. ~(A!£'B¥&)~~~OO,mR. QJtJ~i±ll!r:r1l!{)J:tE~!£.. reWR~ri'*&~M~ m@/f~~. 'M~j.. ~Rm.. ~'®~A*~~lffi. diH-~.. JJI~lffi'. ; 1¥IJ. ft~lm~. /f~~~~~:tEr~~Fi. ~.,®. n*~~®.~fimo. ~m~. ,. rp~.pg. J~W~~'. ~~A*:tE~ •. ,~~r~.J.if,m • • • ~.-~,.~~.. £l~+ JE. ' /f~£*l:{)JJB~~~~.8'9!tij. ' r ~*&M~ J ~ {l\ lffi ~ =1' it t1 ~ tEl ~ 1fB if rp rp :R: ~ ~ , 1952 ~ 1 8 B (A B ¥~) fU i±I ~ J~I, * lJJlffi~[q]-~' ~t $IFJj~~ifit CMHfIf r FJj~J) g,~EOO 3fi~~it • • AR~it.,r.A# Mfim~ ~.®m ~ ~ J ,;ttJr-tl2Jit • • JWJJ~,*~lffirpFJT *~: r ~fr~5mE ~Ifffl WA±~tm -M~' ~1=r~.fotEl B~. J :tE~t~iii fffl~~ • R • ~, _ Ef 1m + tL A 'M j:~ 3t t~ 1:; Ef ~ ftf: fr M$. Jr 41 0. ~~fJ,.. , po4. *mr. o. Jff{} *ftJII~ '~mfrj J. Iiff'F J . r/fW ~~!£.±. 8'9. ~,. 0. 0. ~t. iii~.. W1i:tE.:::.lSiil.f)]illiZ~' )jj(*Jit.~~. ~~$,:tErp~rp:R:~. A~J~ • •. r®~~. r-. f.l~ J.~. I {'F. 'W 3Z. i±I ff: {f: - ffIl42 , 1!tH¥. f:tE 1 F1 5 B * W: JWJ J~' *ft13li~ • AfrZ 1& ' ~t~iiift:tE;ttfi.fJJfu}j~J& Z Wi ' )tfi~!WJ flj( [9'~~~M 1 F1 23 B ' ~t~ ~~ ~ 7 r:tE fffl~ 0. ~F:f:/fm. RRlSifiMM~J~¥& Irm~~.~EfftZ. 81- 84. '¥&~.M~:r:tE. ~Ifffl~rp'~#~. ¥EfftZ=~aJ[~¥U=1'[q]~tfl~~$~ft. J. 43 0. 0. &m-i~f~ lll~m-+. 42. {'I'fttF ~1¥.J~tJiO litt$ , ('I'ft~tJi{*$~G (1949 1988» UtJi{ : ~tJir tl:Hffiird: ' 1992) , J[ 47-48 ~~ril ' (;;fi~!lt*ik:Jft!A!$ftf:I¥.J@J. Ct~) , J[ 142. 43. (~~P),*'l§~*3(m. 41. g581Y-J~. !3!t~~.1:. 0. 0. Cm.=.fffi», J[ 98. 0. ii,. ;, ~,. I,.
(24) W~~~'M~. ~*~~~~~~~&. f-:JffiJ ~~l#flriIDU~ ~ fL. I 1'Jj~~ fl§111~ (ii ~) J5JT J:®¥fff. ~. 0. 1952. ~~~.~**~.~'fa~. -if iVi. "*. ~. 'T. ~®~n~. if. 1 ~ 20. B ' EE W. ••• *~~~4A.. fJg , {f."::' ffi.. M] -Mnlt it ~ tr ;ij" J5( !if. ~.Ii.. 0. ••••••. ff 1h ;I:.. iVi~M]&ffi..ff_'ffi.. • •. (<<)'ffi.. •• 'ffi...~~M.'$ ~ffi.. • • A~.@*~-.~~ • • • "::'ffi...1h.~E~o«. Ii fll if {t I. * 1hi 1 * * M] :;r 1l!. .:t. r,. !§l it #\ M'1<~. i' 1(. ~ -t ~ , Jlt A4l A -r "'" J::. • iVi -t ~ #\ ;ij" ~... ' ~ i~ 1': _. DI t,. f. 0. ••••••. aQ. 0. ::tjt~1£. 45. ~'§. fl§m. ~~~~1~12BfflJ:~~~:. fm~ r~. .1hff&B!J~Jt*, -~Jt."""~R~*ff&jIJ1/-~' ~r. ~Jt. .~t. ffi... *. ~ if. & jlJ ft ~a ~f iVi. 0. {'F7~O. 46. ~~~~ 1 ~ 20 B~~. '. ~.~~.1h' ~i!.. R 1/- :9tJ5(. ~!§l,.~.,.iVi.'.~~'.. , fJ. ..>jt~.. 44. Ot~t),*9§~]fnt~. (m-=fIfr n '. 45. Ot~t),*9§. (m. ~. ~. ffi1i. 11 ;fj\. 5c~. 0. 47. ]l 91-92. 0. n ' ]l 42 • PJT~ r ~~Um1:.~ J ' :t£*5ctt 18. ~PJT.~'~~~PJT.~~.M,.~.r~~.J.r~~~&J. .. • • ~ma*~~~~¥$.~~q~~.~~:t£~-~~.,~~.:t£ r = &: J ~1lJ~~fj[fw.s~~~P.lt~iUs~:IE~1&l* 1952 if 2 F3 29 8 ·. 0. ~&~[fW$~~.~.H~~H1:.~~~H~~'~{~m~*~~5c.. (m-=fIfr) · ]l 93-97 • (~mt),*9§~*5c~ (m-=fIfr) , (~mt),*9§~*5c~ cm=fIfr),. 48. ~Ij 46. 47. r :tmI~ .~~~. ]l 58-59 0. 80-810. -1956 ~ 49. (~mJ;.
(25) r 11.1"51. J 'Wf~IlJj\Wtp~~II~W:! 263. 1~22BM~~~~.~ffi ~rQ~m. ' J1!1JD~fl~1t. ~~~·~~~m~rg~~~J. :. 4.~+·.a~.t~~~Tm.~6:-'.~Z. ;if :i 48 if.) it... ' 'if" ~ 3t :i. '* fir'. 0. .::... '. .;if Jft $it :i #J ill]. m. ~ it. S~~~~o~'·.ff#.om'$it~A • • ·~*64 ~ It i:. '. fA 1i!.. m.-*,~*. R ;1- :9t ~ .t~ ~ ht ~ft$*. 0. 49. ~WU. I • • ~~.~~. ~. ~~~~rWIn.J'~~&OO~ftU •• ~ •• ~ •• '~.. m. m~'~~~~Rft~n&. ~~~~~. ••. •••g. m~~.~~~~OO. ~. ~~r~,*, ~7~T~m. •• ~~.~~rW.J~.. *.~.~rrr~~J~g~$~T'~. ••• '~Bfiffi~m~.~ ••. J~~~o~ • • W~ ,~~Z. .~~. ••• ~ $E.. ,~.~. ~.*~~m.~#Jif.).~'~.k. ffi~~'~. .m:. ••• ~.~-1. it it ~e. ' rtillL ~ ~;jf * it it ~e. ( * ~ ht ) ;jf~A~~.if.).M·~.~~~ • • • ~'~~lft·m. tJt. '. t. ~ ~;jf *;jI;~ if.). 0. .~~·~~*~ht·~k~~.if.)o~~~~~~+~~. •• ~-.~ht~~;jf' • • • ~~~if.)4~~~·~.~ I~~~.~+£.it~-.~~~if.)*~~o~~,.~. ~~~'4.-~M'.-~&~LM. if.) ~i. ~ n ;1 fv1;Jt 4 *. •• 4.M~.'a. ht · ill! if II ' ...... ~ -t ~~*~~4~o4.~6·~ ••• OC'~~~#it*,. -t- M- raJ. 8. ;t ~. ~. E ~. 48. r~In~J.tp~.~w.a. ~~&.I •••. *m.m••. ~.~. .*'~~JE' PfT~l&I¥J-ti~J&~JI\1:f.~o ~~tlli;Jf ,(~~~~~~.( 1949. -1956) tp~~ •• l¥JfL.I• • ~JfO ' 49. {.ilP)'*=E~*;tm (~-ffi}». ~ 88·. 73-96. 0. " ,..
(26) 264 M1=fIf3:~~. CM+1iM 2004.7). •• M~~4*.~.Mo~M.t.4 •• *~~. ~'~ •• *.D~~t~-.'~lM18a~.~~~. ~~. .~.~~~t'R~18~-.ft~~~*.~~DIIA. 18a'.~~~~.~50~D.~~~~~~.o~#.. •••• ~~a~o4~~~~~~:~. *~~~.~~4*.~~,~a.*.~*(.~-~ •. *.~~.D~-. •. ~*) ~~4~~.~&~'a. .Jt ~ - ~ liihl ~. * t". ,"-5" ~ •. M. 0. ••• -~~m~ht~. 50. iEtlOl:x~1~=&:~ItJ~1f51ml;~B3 ~(W. ' 1952 !tf 1 22 B • • ~l:~ • • • ~~B)'~ • • 1f• • • ~~m.mm. ~~.~~. •••m ~A.m,m. r ~TIJFfJE'. §li:t:~. ®~.T~~.~B3.~. :MztlT1N§li : r .*~mi§i¥J-=-*.lii!~ *1tfi5H Y~*~m.= ffiIDPJl:, .~mPI~gJ!~' ... ... Iif!A!r* .l!im:ili-{fiID*~m.B3{3HI!z*~~mffi J; Iii B ' ~ •• ~~ •• J'. ~B3.~~.~m~~m·.m~l:.~,~~**r~ili{3HI!z. =F J • r mh[J~fft1J J • ~i§:fjJif JlhOiili!Ht9:f$ , JtL~llID 1&:fr~1~H§ T JI::f PI ~ 5i!! 1M ~ , 1& ffij jt 1& 5ft~1J ~ m ~ ,'1\ ffi,l, ' 19. ~ Iflj~ 00 $ r~ B3 ~ ~ ft~~m~ • • B3 '~{37~a.~.B3~m.I!z*o 1 f3 23 B ' -jqJ~;EJHl~B3~tgm~l:W~~~ •• ' j:~ili : ~~.~~.~MA~~ff.'~.«~~ )If. fl9 M •. e.. Jfit {.If- "i". *... ~Il. .,t~~.~~*'.' ~~.F. ~. •• ~*.. • ...... :l;}it ~ ~ fig ~ • F e.. 18. ~. ••• #~ • • ~~~~.'~. •• ~T~~~o~.*~.Ft'~~~~.F.
(27) r. ·It ~x. ~ tf. ~. :1tm~. it 11 ~ ;t -. .i. 11 ~ ;t .: : . ~ jJi. ;flHlJ~-tt.~~*,. ,o.i.lfl. =iStl5ff. lilRJ. 'lit~11L~Wr:p;tl:;rl'iJJliEJ:l'E! 265. -:fC: jll ~ ~. :tt Jt a!J *. if 1 fj L¥Jflj7f\ > : 1952. 1Hl~1§)tft*cp!J!Xmrm~1iI5[Fj. '* A. ~. 26 E1~iliT <. 0. SI. :9(. o. fi; it-M. ::f~. m : -i11. ~~~-w~~'~~~~~*~o/~~*o/·*~..r... ~-~.. A~.'~M~*~1tA~.a~~~~·~.~*a!J1t~. ~jJ"I"~. ~.Ma-.~. •• a!J~~~.4~~.ff_'~ • • «.. «,~.a.~~~~'~ ~2. EI. •• ..r..~#~~.a ••• ~.. a!JM.·~~*t4~~~.a!J~.~~'~.~.'~.. . ~.~Aa!JM.'a~~.~~~~.~.*~o~~.M. m ~m. • 0/ ' ...... ·.ildJi 5£ t: ;flj m~ Jlr ' l' it ~ 1t. '. 11L L¥J ¥IH~;~. ~'tta~t.lII§.· ~r'.o/i&it*J1&.. r 1i~J. ~ ~t ~. it '. ~M.-~?t. 0. ~ ii.. ••••••. *lI~~. R~*J1&.l~.M.-~.,~~.~A.a!J~.1t*~t.. ''''-G~*. M*~. '~~tM.~. •• ~~~~.~~~~8~~~ ~ ~ , $~ I/t ' ~ $t ~ ~ ;~ ~ a!J. '*. .~~lI;W;. 1! A · 1;1] -Jttl ~;j;fl. t±H~~t~. M.~1&.~a!J'~.~.*J1&.lr1i~J~M._~.'~~. . tt- ::-a. ~IJ~;qg. ,,0. ,. 1k ~N '. 0. ~1I~;t~~~.1t*~M*~ii..'~~~1I~;t-.i.1I~. I. ;t.::::..~.~.~1t*~(~O/~~tt~~. ;r~L¥J~2J. •• A)~-M~~. 1!~(~it~~~.)o~~~~,.~.-.tt~~1t*~ ~.~~~~~~~o~~~~~~(~.~~~)~.::::..fl. -1:1:::; LLr • ~ , 18!-Li °. °. J:.. ;l~. dJ. Ai i! A. r. 1i ~ J. ~. T4 ' if 1$11" it 11 . ; f. 0. 52. :.~~~1t. F. ~~=iStl. ~16 ~. .:Jtit,~~. A L¥J ~ $: ,. ft~.ffi&~L¥J,)t~~. ~ t!lH~ i~~!di* 1M ~ ~. ,. ~ fiG ~. OO~*,~.~~*W. lIiJJ L¥J ,~. ill ~ EE. ~ PiT. '16..r.. ;er F 51. (. ~P)'*~1l*5c~. .~~li.. -TP S2. 0. ,~~~ $~\PJ. (. =flfr»' IT~. ,][ 118. 98. 0. ~~JI&~~t1l'nfjt¥JfL.A.::r..ilf1~p. =.~~r~. 0. Ot~P)'*~1l*5c~ (~-flfr»' J{ 97-98. 0. ••. ~J,m. ••. IT~.
(28) 266 ~1=mI~¥¥&. ~. (m+liM. l¥1~t:ijnfj~. 1£1 (B - ~IJ 11 f~. 1. '* ' 1r 0. 2004.7). 28. a. fiFEd'~fU'~~1!5-~mm:.~. ~ -y ~t JiCm ~ PfT ~ SJI 1¥1l'" ~ *~. , 1!5-*. m:. ~~.~~.*k:~.~_ft.~M.'~.~.'. r 1t11 * ~._ft~.~.~*_ft~~::tht'4**~.~ •• 1 '.*~~.A •• Jo •• ~ •• *~~~a'~f ~ f)' ~ it ~ iMA! ~y ::t ht Ii] , it tI:: 1 ~ f ::t ht it it 1rl ~ ~ tp ~ :it ~ • ~ ht j£* ' JYt'.:;t me:.. ~.tr ht f§I ~ ~ :;t. ::t ht it f§I. , ... J&. ~ • ~ -i! ~. fIJ -1- .tr ht '. F!UfJj.J!... 0. *••. 0. *. 0. • • • ~r~~J ~~,~~~ $.L~t. 0. 1952. m~{I!:tE. !¥. .(B~~~ • • ,~*~. l'"~'~~~ff~§. ~EE[~I1J.* 11J~ -y. ••••••. ~. 1 }=j 5. 53. ~M. ~lli~~nrr~mo ~~)tJ#ffptT~m'. E[WI1Jr:f::t. .~.,~~mB.H~tiu.. a. ~. ~t~m~:tEL::§ 7l*l¥1f~. 1951 ~. ~. r:f::t' ~~~f¥.J :. ~.~4.1rl~fIJ.~~~.h~'~~fIJ_*o4.f£.tp'~~tM.~~~+-W~+~~o~. •• ~. ~4M.*t:r.1rl~f~_ft.,.**~*~.,. .... ~;jtA' ~A~JJltit' ~it.~11i-1". 0. J •••••• ~.~~~-+. •• A~.1~+~W~+~A~.~4~. ~~o~.~~ ~~M~'~~~~.~ •• ~~* ~W~+~fo. *1i.~f~1tt*:t' ·rt~JL~+~il"t"~. 0. .. •• ... rom~.~. •• ~~*kr.h.*!Jr* •• R' ::F AA $IJ A 7t..i.E?. ' .jU:. tI:: ::F -1" 1 J ~ ~ A 4 ."Mi :r it;k r ~ tp~a+~~~'. *. D....!I i( fIJ. AA :i1" ;k Il.it ~Jl. *=e 1l. :~l(;t ~ (m:.:: fffi )}. 53. 0111 tJ. 54. (1949. 0. ' ::F .ta • f& .)is ::F;ft. ,. 111. 0. J. S4. 0. 1952 tp¥A~~fDl!m~1;\'fI~ai~~1ii. (!*i5-:¥f)} ,. ~ 461-462. 0. 55. {M!J. 56. {ijlJ.
(29) r 1i&J 'M~ItJ~W9J~f.:iJJli&m 267. , 4§.*.. ~. tl[J*~~. MJ '. . it it- 11". rlHIH'&~tJj{$tE 1951if~{J!B~~JJJ. ~tJj{$~.1fLf#l~1i& r ~~li. ~~*~~m. ~. *M. 1fi-ff.{t ~ ;~. 0. r. ¥&' t!?J! Ii tfJ 26 8 (cp:9(gDt. ~tE 1. )~~Zn,. ~. Ifj58. ~-~*mml¥J~~M.~~JZ~:. it nt. '. ~. -t-. ~ *~. +. 0. •••. "':11:.. -;Y-;ff 1L ~.F.:L ~ J: '. W~~-k1LWfi,~-;y-~t • • • • -.~~~~~.,. g. • • ~.~~~~'~~~~~W~~~~o*1fi-l£~~~. 0. ~. , tE 1951. t. ~~F. ~ • • ~.~~~.'~4~MI;'W~A~(~~W~~. - ) , ~;t,~ ~. i! ~ 11 j?i ~. ~~~ajJ :. .i... 0. it k - • i! ~ 1 Nt- ' i! ~ j*" A. it.1l1 .n:. ~' it. 6!j. r, *•. m~~~~~l¥JitB~,~tE~. Ie .!li E1 ' it. ~ A Ii' l.a.:k.. ffi. '. i! ~ ~ 1t. '. :;fIl'" ••• 55. ~.~~~~*~mM~~l¥Jr~~M. ~*-0-l£_. .:LiUi •. ~:f§. fL. m~£. ~#~~~~;ff*~'*~~*'~~~+o~~~~. 53. ~m±. J l¥JitB1i '. ~tE*cp.$R~1i&M.l¥Jm. t~JtJltjl. ~jt,tt~. 1jJJJB~.T r. 1952 if 1 fj 3 1 gFe 1~;nt~ ffi ~ *~ * ~t JfD ~ ffflll¥J. 1~1}~,. ~or1tu*. 1952 if 1 fj 5 8 ~mj8. J.~~.~.~OO. ¥&CP~~:. 'f .j, ~ "", f' nr -1l:k. '. ~ 11". ;fr .. W~ ~ - A ~. te.;ff-+. ~.~~W~*'~k.t;fra.iUiA~~k.t;fr".:LJ:. ()t ~ATAA. W * ( ;ff - ~ {7ttJ!*t ~.:L AIii.i.. 'J! ~ rA;fr" ) , iif 1t .Jfx.~:k. ~it.W~~ • • ~~'~~ • • *~~'A~.*~~~~ ktJ!~it.(W~~~)°it.~aiif~m~*~ .. ~~*'~. *'. ~~~1}~. I ;ru .:L iUi '" k: ~.l[ E1 ft. ' r it.;k r ;.. ~AM.~I-I£~~~~~~.~:k.*)t~*~.~*·~. *. ~~. [ 461-462. 0. 0. 56. ~'1i&~~tEm~§~L~~~R~~±. 55. Oll!lltJ*=ei!*3t~ (m=ffi}) , ]i{ 118. 56. (. I!IIl~*=ei!*3tff.lj (m=.ffi}). 0. , ]i{ 118-119. 0. ~I¥J~.
(30) .'~.*.~~.M~~ ~. 0. 'w.~rr. !1t~-=Eitft1jtl. r ~f'j¥:1~it~. •• ~M*~&~ {±I¥J~-1El'. 11" J. .~. tE 1952. ~1~19B~~~*~.~-Ei~~I¥J.~~'~*~-~~~W ~.tim~~~.,~~tittl¥J~~:. .. ..'... 0. ~. JI:. ' {!;fIt t :!k:: ~ ;x. ~ ~ifl -iF ' ~ ~ m. ~ i! tt ~ 11~ : ( - ). .tE~®. •• A~.~#~M.~ •• ~'ffl~~~.~~.~~ ~,~~~~~~o~*.~ •• £* •• ~~~~,~. at.,. •• ~o~.A~ •• #At'.~A~.'.a~~.,. .A~.~'.A~Mit~'.A~~i~-~~~.*~. r, ~ m4I. if!:rt. f' . Eir~"&:. ~Wf~601. ~~.~. ~. ~. ~tr~.. ~~'~~~M.t~. ~~.*~. it -+. f1~. *m~v. r~&J~ ••• ~.A~.'~*A.*~~.~~. Jtt. ~*~~. ' ,sldJLol1 f),. ~ }jc ~ ~. ~.t*~ffl.~~~AJ~. *. a. ••••••. ~~~.. ~=¥ JI¥J~. *~~m. (-=-) ~ 1 ~~ Jl:.. •• ,a~~~'~.~*M. •• ~~~~~*~tt~~*ffl~.t*~*~~.~o ~~~~M •• ~.~~~*~tt.*.~~~.t*,. *' MF.t. •. .E..1f- *- ~ •. li&:. it. ~~)I¥J. *~A.*~~~~t,~*~t,*#t.,~.~*.. ~~IV'&.. ~ !':IF ~ ~ ~ ~. * '....... ~. a. ....... (.E..). ~ 1:1]1 ~. M*~~. 57. a.~-.'~*.~~.I.. ~m!1tl¥JftH~Mft@~~. 11"S8fL.1t~rnJMU ~~.m' ~*~~~!Df~I¥J.~A. ~-&~rnJ~~* • • ~. AlE' ffij. ~ITLrn* PJ!1t~1fP. .**'ill*MT~~~.I¥J**.'. ~~~.~~.I¥J~~A'm.~tEI~Ll¥Jr~~~~J,a~#. 59 T~!fiJ. •• ~A~~'~~.~T~$.§~-~o.ft~~,. It&1}Iij. ~~R*'. 60. i£cpiH ¥UiJ.. 61 57. 58 . (1949-1952 CP;fA.BHUom*~~;fI~fifl~ki (**it~) il:&~~~::tjf!d~~~~1N (Jljff/J r cpM~ J) ff:mlit~. ,. mti:±ff:~~-~. 0. , Ji 435-436 ~1Jtj~cp~a~M*~:±~.1Ul ' :± 0. 62. {1949. 11!f'f$3 .£ J IA!1 ~~121.
(31) o. -~[~fii£~~~D' ~~±'M. 8 vI £( £ ' 8 L £(. Bf!I:t-}-~ o. J. <:)V. t'lcP > ' '. ,. '. lftl§fEJJ~ ~. cP r. J. ~f{:£i=MJ1¥.H£. £ ' 86 £( <: 000<: ' OIUj!j4) (~:i:)' ('£i=M11 r:E , Iiz::J?ltlftlI! ' 8 8 B <: =ff <:)61 ~~'£i;t}11. JIf:t;!:~%:~. « ~~**). ~!!niffut;~~JI'iiti*t'I~¥~y~cP <:)61-6v61) o. ~~~). ~~±%:~. 0. v6I. 11. r ~:t:~~ J. ,(i}~EJJ~ifj~~B»*t'I. r"if£~. J' o. Z9 19. t¥l)-: ~aOi£. li:~JlIJm~EJJ!t;j!¥t'I. £61-<:61. M '(£661'. 31. 09. ~N#. m~I-r4~&II: ~r~) (i}ijEJJ~ifjiit~n~lcPlW- -~[~fii£~~~)' fui~± 6~. , 19. 0. r iIf~. *tt*lll,. J'. r:1mt~1i.!r(3Hf. 3tHJlYmtn~. , 8!!!!JmHtl!'f/ '. ~r~~ ij. Mlil'. \?I~.~~' r :E$:QlJ(. ~~'f/4S003Hf"&n5PM. ~If J. 0. $~.fir:1. 4S ¥IDMIif. ~~:t;. !ill ' ~~. .li4S.~. •• ~~~~~.gg*~~~,~~~4S(.~. ~EE~~}W~. ~~~*. *' Y4SflIf~ijj~r(1)~H~~~*~. o~!ill.fu~~4S~~WI.n,~~~*. ~!ill~'E.~ ~#). #~~~,~~~~~. ~. ~. ±: Efa. '~:J. ~~. Q*~. flf ~ lil -:rr~l. ~ifM¥ , ~~. )flI:l!i~~~~*. *'H*_ ,. ~. B 9Z Ef. ,_*~.. m-~~ ,~. ~~. Z~6I:F):~. jtt. 0. ~~~. .S~.~ ~~f~. J~*M~'W~m'43!'. r. ~~OO~,.. '~. ~~.. fi¥!4S::r~43!~09~;tiMl. -~~.D,~<~ti4Slfi~. B 61 Ef 1 JY. ,~~~ ~. ~:m*. lfi. mt~0'&ar. H~J:4S$OO~M~*. 1tN~~*8' f1JrJ:l4S~~~fHlm. *r:1JY -. ~~~4S~. 8.~. ~4S~~. 3t}I~. 0. I. ~. 1Il~~iif4S~fglWJ;~19 or. J'. ~~. .~'*n~~. [~{!~t~lftlm~¥~). .§. 6~. M~~~U4Sq. ~1~~t5~. ilit,~. 'ijtf*f~. ( - ):. ±:~* 7ffTt.J. ~~. ~~~. •• ~. MD~~ Z~6 1. 1:k~+IT~~:b. :. ~.~.
(32) 195242 J=j 22 B ' ~~. EB~Lm~11J r. li&.J. WIjffl~37-@~. ~. ••• M.'~ •• ~.-~llLm7M.&'.-~@.. .~~. ~~2J=j25B~~Lm'L~m~~e~~M7=s~~~*. ~Ii!1JO.. .~~~.,.**g~.~~+Am'~7~+~. *'Wfl. Ii! '. A Q63~ r li &. J q:r ~ti ~ f;f ~ :P f.b if I rm ~ if g ~ ~ L ' ~.:p. /f PI fj~ f;f mmHl'g t;1t ~t ~ , /f ~ 1& ;flU' ffi! L m~ A ± ft ~t ,r :::: &. J ' r li &. J 1I3 ra~ g ~ ~ A ' 1lJ fj~ ~ _ + fiJfJ z ~ Q ~m.m ••• ~.~q:r'/f ••-ftq:r#•• ,~~.~r~. :a. .:p.~f;f. It,. if, I. '. .•. •• m,.~.~.. fi.~~.~m.'~. jffl.~. ••. ,m.ffrm~~rE.Je. ~~~MAff.'~~~~~~.~.. ~~~'~m.rE.J~.$r~a~L~~'f;f. ~~~~~. J 66iiiW• • mmlli.~o~ r ~±A± J ~.lr1f ' q:r#~ 1952 if 2 J=j m, ~'g15~RLfU:If 7 *!tffrm~DWf'F~m. 1Il*6~~iii. ~!II~lJfJt. Q. , afjrm0tl. 0. it. ;fiU'l'[ff{t$'. ~f~~.fI~ftuI. ~. re*. 4. 6 J=j. ~~~:. ~rnIJ\j. m,ZP:t!P iffl q:r #~. ~!j~,. am[Jj{~. ~AAfi. ~~~~,t~~~WMfi.,~~.m~·~.*~~~~.* &1W~~W~. ~-. *~I. 64. A±J'*.~WfiJfJ&.~'*1lJM.~~.m~.Q/f~~~~. .•. m~. ~f.b ffl1. .~;L~Mffi.'~~.ft.I.~;.D*M~,~~.m~. ~~'~ffi~~~~*~~~mmrt~ffmm;LmXm4'm~. 'rmifJ~~1;it¥~a9§1lJ>'. 185-186. 0. 67 ~1:. 63. tt~7&:. 64. Frederick C. Teiwes, "Establishment and Consolidation of the New Regime" •. '. CE:rm::fdR~HJir~HFI¥JOOJrm (l:~)} • J{ 170. Q. .I¥J~ :sjnp~. in Roderick MacFarquhar and John K. Fairbank ed., The Cambridge History of. China, vol. 14, The People's Repubic, Partl: The Emergence of Revolutionary China, 1949-1956 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), p. 88. 65. m[i!I r 11.$ J ' f~I¥J~~ r 11.N J m NI¥J11.ll~fi : fi~ , fOIIffHlim ' ~IH'J ~M.'.I.ft,~~(~~)~ •••. 66. ;~~iT±~. , <ifJ¥A~~'fI]Iim~~~~. ·. (~-~». , J{ 75 •. •. U'19 68. <=§~. 69. rfA~:. ~m~ ~1E:~ ifJ~~.
(33) r liFi.J. 'M~It!.ftWt:p~i%MiI&ra. 271. ~~wmIT!Z. iitll~fi~JltEff);:. J~?Jt@l't~. .~Itf.D.. f~;gif*. ~.~~.~,.~~~.~~~·m.*.~m.m.W;g~~. -=- + [l]. E. • '. rC ' ~5jZ. Ciii ~t ,r -=. ~. ~. r. •. J 6S. Y:~rt:t~' ;i\~~m &b ~~ftuI~*f.. Q. '§1i~. ~~.r~;gJZ~~~~W'~.WA±'.R. ~fU~l£ {A~. 8 ~}. .~. ~~,ftft.-.*. ~~. r eJ~1.&~ J. ~6. :i!i!lt 9f. r ~ ::f '\'13 1f {P). ; ~t. Q. ••. I-. 0. 67. ••. m~l£m.$~~. ~'Lt~j£ltiE~~~ji*~;gtHfj:ili. ~~*m7~~~~ji.m~'1£(~A~~. $;i\im: r A~~itM? 1£$ til jJ£m/J\ji.m~fD~~ji. 'l£JJim~, ~. r~*&J. ~~m~~'.~L~~~.. 68,. ~~jj. .re. r~. ' .~. 1949. W~>-~. Am*&, .~m~ , m*&~~WI'. W~J~r[l]~JZ. ~. ,~. tnjiil:m~. ®$~~ti1. tnmpg*)i::. ~ti~Q.~~~~. .fr!f ' $~'M. a.~~u~,~. '~DWfFl&m. MAAML'~B.a~[l]~Z*,;g~X.IT!ZmrI.±.J7o. 1X5:~tl!i~~* ~ JfUl1tf ftu. m~~~r. &J~m'~ltfl£r. ••. ~*. &J. W~-~. ~$M. &~~~~~tt~:. **.*~t~a.M. +} 1~U 69 it 111 {t • ~ 1~ X :Jfj ~. 67 . It'M~. l£li&••Z.' •• ~.::f~l£R*~m~. .~~.,~. ' 1M 1&. .~*&'M~r~~~~J. .~~OO.l£'(~~ • • }ill.~. ~~~~~~.~I~~T~~'~ti. ;i\~~m. ~ J1jt 1f.. ~~1f.Itf~,~~*. Ii: it ' ...... !t:i& T. ••. ~'~~. r 3i Ji.. J. II fJ; .t. ' ~ml~Ht:J)(~7t]lqmm (~~!f!l~~IiUJl¥Jl!fftij), (~frJfOmJ~~JJt. .l¥Jl!fi«Ff~lt7U' fU~1:E CA.~B~>. f Revolutionary. 1952 fF. 2 ~ 17 B $$i31 Ei t:p~~t JiCm ~:« ~ if ~ Ij' ( ~t 1ft r=fH1c 5'(HI %IBm It! Jt ;f8I.lfIlj >( ~t 1ft : ~ i1HfHf& rt±. ' 1993) , J{ 403-411 68 (~l!*jI;tl (m03 1475. 7), p. 88.. Hr&.~.Vfi.~J.l~OfF.12~30B~~~A~~W~iI&BMiI&R*. New Regime" , -;dge History of. ~J,JU~. ,. ~.IJ. 0. 0. »,. 0. ~ffi.R'§~1:E~2.~WM~.~~.~.m&.Iftij.~ow~r& .~.Vfi.f9IJJ l¥JP3~' ~~~flil t:p~~i1K:«l¥Jfl.Iftij.iI&JfO. '(if~±:±:~~M. ' J{ 93-96 •. (1949-1956).
(34) ••• ~~.~t.lat~.~ ••AM .~rOOM,ft.'&.J~4 •• ~~R~'~ •• *~ A.x. Ni -t ' Jl1 e.. t'~ M- :a :iJ1 ~ ~ fA r -it ti r !f Jl ~ ~ ~. .,.**~a. J '. ~ f)' r ~[t '*U J ' r. & l! J. ~~ j. J. ..... a 70. $.1: tp 3t '§' 1Jit~Jlti[ll't:i*&l¥J~lJrt£ r #:~ J ' r ~mk J • "~3§tl r fSNmrJ J ' r 23Z~ J ' ZJF~FMl § 11.&~1U ' mii1p~~~ , r 11.& J R~tp 3ttp~~~~ilif~~,~~r~*&M~J~M~*~;~~Z~'. Jt!!1Jfftm1f!t) §. Bl¥J1J~~tJFm. '. fSNifjU~~JijJi~N&-il~~~. tp3ttp~fr~m1:ill~~W~~~~~~'~&~~~~~. ¥*~(~~ •• )af~~.~m.. OO.~'*~~~~frrli. &Jz~,Jt!!1J,§,A~.*~~.B~~~~~~. ~. ~l¥J. ~.Mmm:. •• ~~.*~.~A.~'.A+~~-.t*A. ~~~ot~A.~~~~~~~~'~~~~.~~.~ ~a~M-~ • • ~~'~~ • • ~+~.~'.~~.A~. •• a.'*«~A;.~~.*~*~~'.B~e.. •• '. ... -*.«.~ot*A~~~~.~~.~*~*~.~. •• -~~~ *.#(A~ •• ffla~r~. ~o.~*'*~~4M~*.M'~~A~ ~~4.~~~a.~~~. •• *J~~~a.,*,~,~~**~~a~~*~.. ~~~A)ot.A.~.~~*!f.t.A.~A.a.*. ili~: ~. B~l. j!tfH1J'§' ,. B. 0. ~~i. ~!lIdB+: ~l&jJilii. tp !~ 'ts ::f .. •• ~A~ ••• Ma.~A~ •• t~~.,~~~. $.. ~~~!f.t~A~~~!f.~~A~'.~~~~A.~. 1()tp*IV~;. A~ • • a.*.~A,.~.~*a.*~.~~~_A. ~*1iJHI. ~j-#~,~~~~~t~-~~.,&~~~.*a~. l¥Jll§lIii. ~~. n~«'~!f.l~~~~.~a'M.~te... •• '~~. ~~-~.
(35) r liJ5i.J '~~lbji~cp~~MiJ;:2:m 273. .~1t8.'". .h*«,r • • JP&~r~I;~MM~.~at • • , . ~~~m1t:t~ • • ~,*~~1t1..8.~~o~~.~.* ~~-oo~~'~.tfM~~.h.i..~.~at • • o.~A. ~a~4-4~~·~~.~~~ • • • 1If~~ • • • 1If~t ~'A.tfM~.~~*T~~:t.o~* • • r~~J~ .tf'~~MT~~k*.'~A~ • • ~~~~-o~.. )tf1t~.i.. -4.i.#~. J ' ,,~¥U. rp. [J.R. .~~~~~M.~~~A.,~~a.~. $.tf~A.~a. EJJtZrrJ '. ~~I·~*~.*~~~~.~~~~.~~S'4.#. -1l~'M'~. I.~~~~4M~*~'~~AT. i(;±.. • • ~~1t~M.~~ A'~-~ • • 'E~~t~~o.~~*,~ • • ~,~. ~t¥J. ~~,~-*.,~*~~~tf~~$A.~P'~~~:t#. !n{~:tE r. ~fM~F~. a~;~*~~~-~#~4~.i.A.±'~.~Tr~~~. :. ~~ J ". --it!]. l1lf~-OO. $iJ1If~A.~ ~e..14t1t,. ~;k. -T ~ 'E. ft-f,;J~{e. plf 4iit. ag r 1". l~i-~.. l-;fflo'tBt. :tt '. 71. tf ~ il. i-l!!..fl"]ag. ili~~~,:tEM~~~. ±.~t¥J~~T,~nLt¥J~~. ~*. r0f.LdlJUmJ' r ~~JtFJT J' ~ ~~ng t¥J~~~:s: m'~~ni&JfJt¥J • • *~~~ W ~o~~~~ m*~ • • ~ ~~BM~~rp~~mt¥J'A .~~+* ~·.m*B.t¥JT •• ~~ ®~,~®.~.:tE ~:s:. f!~~¥U~ni&JfJt¥J~WJ'. ••. ~~~m~MLW~ni&JfJilim~. *mt¥J~~~*. 'liN~~. rp ~ '113 ~ it:t: ~r i&! " •• ~~~ •• ~m •• ~m.A'~*~~M~#~.A. tij1lfil.tb. ;[.\rplN~l~I1mt¥J£*~~. t!;t1..~~. .*mSt¥J~mM~Jr~. fL~*o~. t¥J 1~BI Ji Jj{ J • .R ~ i&! ~ jtS ~2i :l'JE a)j , ::f ¥} l!fl! 11 ~ ~ ffirS " r .:::. N J 11m ~.-®~~::f~~~t¥J~ • • ~A~7m4'S~A~~~~. 9t1t,~:t. 14. 0. 71. f-*~. · =t71*. , (tEffi.*¥UiJ7JX-. 1952lf 1 fj 5 B~~T~ r. PJ. •• ~m=lf~*:tEJJt~MLW~a.. -fmcpm~1f!f¥*I¥H31lJ )". J! 184-185. 0.
(36) ~. ~~m~~~~'~~~~~~%~®E~~Wo-g~~. .~~~~~~~. • • ~~. ~~~. ~~Z*,. ®~~~. ~~,~. a: WI ta. ~~I. ~~. .~~~®M.o. ~N:. ~~. 1t r ~OO~~~~.®. ~ ,r. 11 &: J. •• M.$. ~3~-~. rm Ml ri ~ ~ , EE:at WfL ~. fBm*~teJ].. ,. wHt~lJ1ikrP~jiflH~ '~I~. 2~14B'~~rP~. ~. • ® 1=1.. M~. m.. *-*- '. '§::ggW~. 0. ~~. ~. ~J. *~.. JJJfl. 1952 !if::. ..•. ~®§{. •• ~~~m •• ~~®.~:. ~~*,~~~~,--~~*.,.~. ••• 4~ • • ~~-.;.~~ta·. .a.~:~A~I~'~A~t9;~t~~MB~~:. .~t*~.o~. .•. «a~.~~o-.* ~~._.A' ~~a. •• *~~.~. 0. '!\}jffi. •• *~~Lf~~.'~~'«. ....... -.:t-i-t'. *~. ~#. 1t*~a9~J£A (#t-: . T. a~.*t~.J£A)~.~~#'~A~*.~M.'_ ~~ •• #,~.1t.'.B •• '~ NJ~.~. .~ .~t€i~.. 1t. 0. ~A. • • f'R*.M. . 1'I"lilj. 72. M.'2~22B~m~. 'f!¥U:. rRl'W. '!\}jffi. A~~~~*o. ~~4.~a.~.&'*~.k'~. •• *o~~.'. ~ti"*j'ILfa9M.. ... •. ~. {iiI tJ r. ~.~~~~7-00.~®. ~'IT.ii. ~.*®~. 73 74. .-7lti: ' ( .-7lti: ' (.
(37) r liEiJ 'M~IlJA~cp~i'iliJWil&m 275. :;m , Rrm. *Jt~~t{ttltM-i~~'. -..:f-' "f ~ ~PJ e..#&.:lf- 1 ; (2) W11 • ~ j,r' ,fl ~ , II" 1} ~ 11)l' .. 1: • Y; ;ff Jl *- ~ 30% ' .:r. l:B#lllt 15% :(3) $f~:fL.*.:r.l:.*1if~' ;ffa~;ffi;m ~.f-.:r.lf~~1}~'Jt~M!#~M"i!-~4t r 1i.Ii..J llfh; (4) t.: ( 1) -. -g~. :lE~itI.. .:r.~*if-~~.:r.A..~1:'~~~1~~~~~~.'~~ g;ff~.A..(g.gA..pl/3)~1.*~_*~~'ImM:. Ji r ;:'Ii..J,r 1i.Ii..J. ~~t*M~~~M~'M-M~#~fh~~'4 Ii.. J ~A 73. 1~1ilE~. 19521f. 0. r 1i.. 0. :* ' *~~ o. ti.. *7F~iI¥i; (5) 4fite..*#l~JittF~~. •• ~~R~~~,.e(~. m•• ~). A•• 7~.~. 111 t5[.1¥J ~ {j\ , :!It mi:f:! M. iU ± {:E ' rt'U ~ -tf1JE ffrHe ff! 1t • ~. ± {:E I¥J. ~'~~A7rliRJ~~~~.~~~I¥J~~:. .if:~~e... k~:fL.A...:r.~p*1:'..:f-*l:'~~~~fh~JJl..~~. .~'Jt~,. •./£ \1~ ~. '!f ~tL li l! ltl 1. 0. '*. ~. it. II A.. ~ • {f ~ {t #t. it ' 1952 1f- .. )l'. 1 13% ' .{tm.Jtlt~.~~lllt -!-+Rf..*~ 30% $f ~ }tg!1A T'*' ~:fI5ti~' ~~tj~~' , ~ l: .:r. A.. Jit ~ ~ :!h }t g 1952 1f- 2 f.I {))- ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 f.I {))- ~ ~' 1 -..:f- :k i'f: ~ fJf ~ 1: ~ ;fL .. .:r. ~ p;ff 4000 ~ , -15 ~ jlJ 40. !1A'~. 0. :. 0. • 1m 1: ' {!!. . "fro tltit. 0. .A..~!1~o~.M~ • • ~.~.'.'f~~~~.~~. 1f'J i1!dt .ff- ~t 'tt 5JL ' -M~1tJI¥J. 0. '!f)if.li"~J:.1f-~.JtJU~~'. Il§. -k ' Jltl ~A.. (~. 'f. ~.JJl.t.,**~t~~~~~~,~*~)l'~~'~£)l'. IM:T'* ;. :t ~ M i~ M" i!-. 0. 7. 4. r liR J ::tmlJ~~ , .~w\t5[.~RP~~ ? fNii I¥J-MJJR f& ' rr.iHiWn:;tJJi7 1952 1f 2 FJ 17 B ' ~tJJtm.n:-ffi ~ =§~*I¥J~~i:f:! ' m~7~tJJtm~M !f-;iif.fli&:im~I¥JtJi\Gm, I. {i:iJ j;). 0. '" ~ * if- JJl.. 73 74. .-?!I ' (~Tm:*tk:~~$f!f:l¥J@l. .-?!I ' (~Tm:*tk:~~$f!f:l¥J@l.. (L~) (L~). ,. li. 168-169. ,]!! 168. 0. 0.
(38) 276 fm1=~.'£:~~ (~+li~ 2004.7). 1f~ .~. •• 4~ij4~.~T~~~+~~.fo£* ••. ~.o.*k:.~*~~~*~~.~~-Ifo'~.~. ~M.'t~.~~#'.~~M'~.. $. !f!tIFJ! ilil¥J~.. *~~~~,~. ~~~~~~Mo4~~~~~~.~~I~.fot,~~. ••. 1~+fo'~m~~~a·~M'~~fiao~.~. ~~T~~~+~~~~.fo~~.*'~~~&ft. •• t. ~{5}¥IH~·. k4M • • t·~~~~~~.foa~. I,. :. pE14p76'E pt:pR~ 14 *~ • • oo~ ~~,~.~ P~ •• '~~ili 7~'~~~=14 TP&\~JrOOf-fffiN:' ~~;f~~ , oo'IIT~E p~U$ii* ~ , $. I,. '~3t. J::~t~M~:#. I. £twem* J ' r rJjemm J I¥J ~lif-f~ Wt~ r E& J 1~ JE ~ ~ n _ {t ~ ~:?V EB *WI ;J\ 77 , ~ 00 ~t ~ rTHI~ 1§IJ + {JJ IDt 8)3 ,. ~/fJEgt~7 r. ,.. 0. •. E&ii~~OO~'~~&EB. /fR~t~'. #fj. *'rr'*EBtiJiJll;ijtR1f]!~'. ~22B'~w*~t:p*~~~~~. 75. 76. OtlfirotJ3lHs. *:X~ (~_ iffi». ,. tt~. 1f. 241. ~*~f!~~t>R. -=. Ii 118. ffiJ/f. ~~f. 0. 2. ~~§mTJ::#fj,. 0. ~~* 1952:$ 1 FJ 31 B~~ittj~.~CPtf¥tit111J~=F ' *:X~ (~-=-iffi)'. 77. ~$ • • ~~.Ao. <. lfirotJ*~~. 0. mr jt~ilit:'&%~ilit:. J. ~:ii*%kT7 -11JI'.?;rHM~=F. F· q§~m:um~ : r 'trit: J ( B 1i3Z.:B-~ r %~'trit: J W r £*'tr1:ii: J. fiPJ~) W r *'trit:*ji J ~ji*%&MJH6¥ti~~~ 95%ti:::t:i • r ~vit:iiIi. *-Jli . J.t~1rJ1'IfU J. ~~ ~ ,r ~1ijit:ii: J W r ~jiit: J ~~~ifjrj:tE 5% ~I&I ' 247-248 • ~*ffH&:tE 1952:$ 3 FJ 5 B~lli~ <~m-:tEli& • • CPJ.tI.F:B-• • ~~ • • wait:)·J.t~~~~:B-li~.*%'~'& ~.~~fiilJtt:.{§tl ' 1'I]/!jj!-?l7mk {~~tJ*1i~:x.cjiU\j (~-=- ffi} » , 0. 0. 98. 101. 0. ~. 78. <~~~. 79. .-1Jt '.
(39) r E&J 'M~jt]jil~t:p~~Mil5l:?a 277. 11- LWJjI¥J r - &: j' r Ii&: j. ~*4.J.t. , :g. 11!!.. ~I. p~~. t 1t ' l!Jt F ' i<. ~~~*fJJt. *. ¥UI¥J~.;ft;{St~. =. =. {'F. {tt:. +rm. __ ~I¥J~c~ ,. 'i'~ L~1jfL. &:jMOO*~LWJjm. 79;fE~~$f~~O+*;§l;_ =f. 0. ~~. *. :f}. •• ~~~~~,~~ •• ;ft;{StZ:f}'m~~~.~.. ~-~l¥Jm. 1:.. jJ lit -t". 78~~. ~,~~r. .I¥JIJm p tt$ff!~~/f~;t{~. , l! ll. \if. 0. *. 0. WJjZfi'~~~~ • • L7*m.. ~m.~*I¥J-®~3'm~A. ,~m. •• ~'i'~LWJj.*~m. al¥J. ~3t:. *fJJt. It p p I¥J-=. it ~ F$.. (.JJl,..t ~. *. ~ ~ll ~~. -t 1m #t ~ ,J, iJl). r-. ~;t ~. 1t. **~*OC~##.*.'~A~.'~1t**.~~~,. 1* i'- '. ~-~~~t~~.4,*a~. •• ff.%~.'~~*.. ~rIi1X.j. .~~._~ • • I '. OJ~aJ3. #(*'.~~m)o~~'.&.~#t~~I.~#'~~. '. • • *.*.\if~aA.M~-~.. t: ~ & :g rm -:t l&. i" tl ' -t" JJ; p i~~f. T. 0. ~~. -t" 15 p • :g. .ff~tt~tl'**Mi"(_~#. 2. ~~.,*. WJj'. **.'~. •••. ••. *- ' ~ f\ JEt ~. '.*~\if~~)'~. ~~o.~~ff~f\~.~~.'. ••••• • •. *~.P,~~#t. ~~~4.~;~~~~. ,. •••. '~**~~4. ~.~~~~~~~P'~~~. ~.##'~A • • :~.~5~-:tT~~~~~,~a. ~~.A.~.~o~.~l!-M.~~~.r~#~j~. ~j;J*:fJ~. M.~~'*4.~~~\if~* •• ~'~~\if~.~A'~. il~ffiUI&*. ..t~~~~~.,~*~~~~~~~.tl°l!~~r~~'. ;§fS*~$. ~\if~~r~~~~j~ro~o.~~~.~~r*~. J. •• ~A.*~##~.1t**~~.~l5a;~~~ •• ~. '11f~m1ID. ~~~~~~.##,1t**. ffiU:t£ 5% • §tn-:t£E& , j;J,& fg-fffr» ,. ••. •• '. ~##.~A*. :~. 78 79. (~m.L-~*:fJ~*)(~ (~'L=- fffr» .-~. ,. ,. 251. 0. Cfi=fm*~~~~ff1:I¥J@J. (J:~». , :fa. 170 ' 172 •. ~'.
(40) A'~.~A. •• 8.~.~*oc'm.~a.~w**.. •• A,a.~~o~~-.W**~~M .~'4T~.~~.~~~~o~~~4~.W** •• .~~o~.~. ... ~~~~~~~o~~~~~a*~~~~'.*~k~+. .~a.~~'. ~~*.##~. •• ~I+.~+.(. *. ... ' 'lZ9 f1 a t!J fri ${J.-i'-~ ~T~+lZ9F~~~ •• 'W~;~~~:. M:kiltf-r-~~)o. Ji.. ~. til ~. !.. t... ,. .r.il]::r. (2) ~~~ • • it;J:h' 3l'f~f!4.:$};. .&JPff. •.. iI.f,. ~t*rP -!fti~. 19. 0. W**•• '~~~~'6.~*' •• ~**~.~ .it~ o.- •• ~~.4~'-a.+.W**~~ AT_Mo ...... 4~~W**t~~ •• ft~~ • • ~, • • *••. It, . .16' mlfJPff l'. (I) ~+lZ9F~r,,';I!~/£~~' -I-4t.~!tA.; (3) ~+lZ9F~iJ)i..~IVlT. :a . .Rfj~. ~::::m&:. 1Vl'~.a.~M~~# • • -*o.*k-til~~.,. ~. til4.~~~~~'~A,W**~~~tilo~~W**; a~+At~~;a*;A'~.~4~~tt~~*. ... ••. lVlo.IVl~*~~.,~~~.rJ'~~~.~~~~.* ~.~,~~.~~%. ~~.~o~. ••. ,W**~.. 6.~~,~:a~~I~~,*~~~~~'~~4a~o. lZ9~. ••. '~~aA~~'-aA~. ••. ;M.~~.~,. ~~k~~~rJ,~kW**~rJ~o;a*;.W**~ ~~~~~M;I!'~~~lZ9+.~£~'~~~~~,.* ~ ~ 1*. it ~ 4 - • • :7t J.'~ ~. 0. 80. ~.IIt. '. J. 19~. ~jJ~JV. ::::.& ; ; lLI!Ptm~. ~1P)B9rnJ~15~. ,. §?&.I.~M~IL'~~. ,. 16*lmr~*s. 0. ~~.-.~~-ffi.~$Pff.,~®.15~M.7~~rli.&J,. 80. ;ij-71it '(;ij-71it;itjl). UtJi{ :. A~l±Ht&tt. '. 1992. if:. 12 F})' ~ 186-189. 0. 81. ¥-7B. 82. O~;. 83. (~;.
(41) r. liEi.J 'M~IJJ~Wcp~~1fi&~ 279. i1t*-*-t. Rffm~~~fl'~~~~-~~~WIo~~E&~~~-~A. .~~~·ta. JiJ;!f , m-M~~~OO~:fi!: r tlO{rtJmM=~iI j. c. *- ~$J)- ~. " 8IE&~*~~. mItJPJT~ft<:~Ii.,t1Jjf,-l;!Eo. :~;t~+. •• ~m.7~m~~.tto2~22B,~~m • ~tJ.fCFP~~fH~·~m~rp , fJ!!ti7 ...t#eEE~~~~lR ' 46\{fi~!ti 3 ~ ...t~~n~~*mRW~E&~~,~~~~m~ ~:r...t •• ~tiW~E&~~{11HJ!~:fffU jO 82~*, 2 ~ rpl'~~e 7~!ti r E & PJT t1J ~~ ij r W~ *J! 7J!f fB tI! ° 1952 if: 2 ~ 24 a ' ~ •• J-::A9=t:t!:rp:R:~~Wili7 < rJ#J~W,*,Wi m=~~~~ff -=&fOE&~m7f\) : ~~~,~. .::..+~(. ~. ~r~~m. -t d:: iii ?i. j. tt~;btl ~. f:. f*-*~tt. •• ~~·.*1t*-~t~~~,~.-#~~ i!4t ° ~i!4tt-' -#-ifJl:." ...... (.=..) t-l-~rfi{?~-iu~-'P (~). [l.1tt1*:11l& J:.Ji~. .~·f.·.t'~~*·.A-l-~.*1t*-~t~*i!. t1t*-*. ~~~a~~i!~~~,~*~t~~·~~,~~.~~. l J:.1~UIl&. •• t~~A+~aa~ ••• f:8~'~-~*'~~. aL ° 83. frJ*~~* 1t*-~~~ ~~itJit° -l~&l.~. •• ·~I·.ffl·~M·. _,*p,~~a'.~'.ffl·. ,. ,. 1lI1W-*-~~ .:k.:1' , it 1*. •• rE&jRA.w~~.O 1952 if: 3 ~ 7 a ' rp:t!:rp:R:Wili < IDl~W,*,W! f=J!WlC r -=&j ~~ • • ~iI~~~)'.~.·Wi·.~£.a.r-f=J!WlC~ff. .~,. =&:~e~ff~'@.~$*~~~-~.o~.~.~~~{fi. ~@Mili~~~1/3~~$'~.fO •• ~iI'~~~~.~~. Imr~*. t;trE&j' 81. 82. ~. 186-189. 0. 83. .-~7E! '(~-7E!3t~),. Jf 182. 0. (~IlIJj)J*:§ll*3t~ (~-=ffft). , ~ 248 (~IIUj)J*:§ll*3t~ (~-=ffft» , ~ 259 • 0.
(42) 1£ '. J 84!M.DJr£mil& &J~~~~~ •• ~ •. ~ •• ~~. J!Wti1~iH~~*J3.r~~7m'lw& ,ml1J~. .~r~&J~.~7,r. ~~~H~~~m~,~. ~~. ~.*. ... 0. a. JjI&I¥J~~f'-!. -1Bt:t{rj ~tft7G I¥J ji:. ~pt~~riI:. iffi ~ 7. m•• m·§MriI*. .**~-8. ~. ~fi. &~OOM. ~~. T-ll. -t;+lmlil r !flip J 1¥J~.~{6~ifi ' r mp $ffl1~ft{g~~+tft7G 'fiiijl¥J 1m' nS 7G J 85~mlf(~ , ¥U7. t{t. x.. -1f. Q. ~~. , "'~IDr lt~. .~m=ffi~fi(3. R 25 E3 ), m¥Um. mlmffi.fi(4R6E3)~'~. 'i=' l. M'iffi~~#&.l¥Jr.. *.~Jr~._~'~~~~M~~·~.~M~~~~ti1*1¥J ~o~-~~L. Q. ~~.~Q~-~~~ffi. .::.~. ~~. .fi'i='~: m~~~;,1f~~~~~,.*~lt~+~~1f~~. M'. ::il!1&~ ~:tili##a~~*J':{.i.+*-=-+llt···. ~~.*~ ~ ~.l J1 J:. 1,tUt 1&. 1f~+A~~~~1f*~A'~ • • ~~. IUl. Q. ••••••. ~. 1f. ~,a.~w+~~~~'~. -. ~. 1i ~ J':{ J:.. Q. *. ~ 1m. •. *. ~;fJ) jP- ;lQ ~ ~ ~. r..,. •• *~'A*~M~#~~. 86. ~-~~M~mg. -. tft'~~~mej8B~llih. iffi =. .. ·. =A~.~ji$~~~~KrmT *I~p'i=',m. ~. ~+tft~stft,. ~=A~~L~~w~~l¥JrLm.**J(~m~$~~. 87. .-jIfl:f:E@ f2g~:f:E r. I. m:*B'g~1r! 84. f*~~.:tkl ,(r.p¥A~j:UD~.~· m-~) (~~ : E;ftA~iliJt&jiH: 1994) , 639-640 0. 85 86. .-jIfl , (.-jIfl;t~ > ' ]{ 181 .-jIfl ,<.-jIfl;t~>, 187-1890 0. B'g • • t5','. '. 111 r~ fl1L& 12 ?£~1iP' *~JfHJiPI 88 ~~ ,(~.
(43) r1i&:J. '!l~!l1J~Wcp~r..JJ!-iI&1E 281. ~ -r£Jfli&. JiI¥J~~{'-87) , t!D!f<!J!~~~A=t+tI ~. s~*!lt~. -R=t~~_¥~-.tI(-~)Amm,. fffl~OT !F,f,~. fj 9JiU~lm. EMcrt't~I{t~~. k~~m.-If..#I.~.tf.]~.~M~*:-R~~.T. (3. ,r~. 1952 1f 6. n-r,ft~~. ~-If.~~~.~~tf.]r~.J~'k~k~f1-m'. P± t:l::Df~ I¥J. fft¥&. ff~. '/f'~~-. IDtT~1i]1}~~:. ~ltl¥Jr.. ~. .M,.m1£m~~m. 9J~;f~. 0. ' fiJI PJM. •• A~~ti~=+ ®.**~m/f' al¥J ~T. ~tI~I¥J:il$ffi~To.~,~. m~~I¥JE. ~~, *~/f';ffim. 1~f~'~~m1.'.tt~~~f~~.f~~.'~. :il. • ~ T 1 f ~'~ , ~ ~ ~ 1 f ~'.""" ~ :fr k ~ tf.]. if J-," ~. 0. &:j:: , JUT. -1f~+~~~F'~~R~-~~+~7t,~~~tf.]~~. -~1£@fft. ;~~7to*~~~~~~.,r~.J~~~1~~~~tf.] ~ ~ Ijt A. ~. 0. li&.D~W~~.. bif.1i -If. ~ ~. l:l:: tf.]. 1¥J~.oM. ~~r~~J. r..,. t~~~. 1idt -tt -If.. 1i. Jl?ip •••••• 88. f~da ~ ~. ~T4fjI3B'M-R~~. ;~1f1.t7t. 'L ~. 69 :k. f 1 '. ~*l¥Jmliffi¥&. ,miliT~fi. R~:. •• ~.~A~*.A4.Ma'-If.4~. •• ~tf.]M~~~.M~:. (1) • • *~~~~.~ttf.]4~M~o~f.*.~ ~.atf.]~~WM~.~~~~~~.~tW~.«'~f. ~. /f' ll:: [9 =f ~stl,. n._.~~. ... CP~~.,.w~.r1i&:J~.~. ~a~r1i&:J~~.~. 5~$~KrY. ~*®. ~~. •• tff~-. •• t~,.a.~,. ~M'~OOrn~~~r~.. ~I~PJ'~Z~ar~~PJ~~W~~~~~~~~*OO~. ®~.~~,~ft~-.~~.m*~.~~OOZ~ar~*~~ ~tBltNjji±. 00 rll, M{t itt ~ ~ ¥tl =B i'~nf~. ' =B lm : r friJ &HJIH~f IJ \ ~ ! ¥J *:1i. '. ~~~p·J. ~~. ,. III reG %. •• t~ft~n~r~fi •• J~.~o~.-.,(~~. JI 173-174 UC}jt : A.~tBJttHd: ' 1995) , JI 172. *~m~$ftt.®~. (~~), 88. f.~,. JO~. (~~)(~. (. =~). 0. 0.
(44) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*o~~~~~~~~~ ~:-k*~1;~kSI.4m.'.~~~~o~~,. •• A~~~~~&A~4. ~~~~~~~(.~~*)~~* •• **,~ •• ~. ~~._~T~*'~~*4. A:. .+~~~·~.+~~*~~ocT'.~.~.~4~~. ••. ~~~~A~~~t4~~~~~~t(~.~~~ *),~.~-_._. •• *~~~~~'~a.&o~.*. ~&h.#~a4*~.*'~.~~4*'.ff~~~* (~~~~**f'.~~#~~)'~~~I~R~~~* ~~~~*o~.*~~~~.~~&h.#~a*,&~. •• *~.T~~,~*.&,~~aA.9o~*,&~ -.~aMM'~.t~*~~~~*fo' •• ~~*+' ~~~*~A.~o~~.~'.~fo.~~*f'~4~ ~.A~.'~~~~'-.~~~~~Ioll~~~'. It ~ ~ ;f,J (2) /J11~lr~r..'M or .E...~J. it ~ it ~ ,. 0. .... It/J11~iT~~~. ¥~~~~~~~'~.A.~.~. ,,,!. l-$Jtr... M?& -=-+~111 rmp'~. 0. '~I~.;~. ~.~~. fffiffi; J. '. *. ~.E....~~'kIt~*fo~~~~*foo~*~~~~k. ~~1J:tj. •• /J11~lr~?~t~~II.k~~~.~~.ff/J11~. t$-.tl¥Jm. ~. lr~~o.~~,~~~~~~.~~·ft~~.~·~A. ~*'~Af'~*~~~m~#'~~~/J11~~~~#T'. •• ff/J11~lr~;~~M~~.~*~'~~~ .~~~A.9~A~MMo.~m* ••••• ~~'~ .m.~~/J11~lr~*.* •• ~~~*~ff.9o.~' ~~~AA. 4 ~ A 1~;ft • ~ fa. _ • ~ •. * *' i- * ' *' ... ~. ~. ~ ~. 0. 89. 90.- tEl 89. lItW=§1l*ft¥-15JU1JoJ3H±: : r &\~1£llt::x Ii' 11.&.!l 1fWfTIA . J;5 ~~1i* $~J;5~~.m •• ,lIt.-~ • • fT,~~n~ao~~*$.m •• m ~liff~Jit.IHJR1* ' -m1:3$ J. *m.. 0. 91. ~-tEl~. ~F. J',. fi&~*~.
(45) r. ~~~~. *. ilf.J~.. -If. ~. r 4- •.1i.. i~. *' '*. ~ if5 ~. 0. a~juJJL-If.4. -1M ....... 90. iE~.-rBU~fl~lJU~I!l3, -+~1i! '~ffij~~. '. jj..::.+-. ••• aA..~*If.J1t*-~A;'+. A.o~~~~'~~T*.~~'~1t-lf.~~ •• tJip~~. '. 'R-t-I-. ••. ~,~~.t.*,~. 'it. r ' 11;ij'. r~ d:I. fo If.J i! ~:t. (4) J:.i4- r 1iILJ Mj-if;{t, ~. f'l1iif ~ i~+. 0. OC'~ • • ~'- • • ~~*fo'.*-~*fo4.~*. -t-.fl >-If.1t*~~. ~:fl.. 'M~lbjt¥Ji!tp~f,lijJtii&7€:i 283. ( 3) J:. Jt 1t *- ~;. 1f A. e.. -If. ~ IaJ ;f!. ~ J:.illi i! rul. ~~I-- •• ~~1t~If.J.m*tt'*.M~A.t.*fo~ ~~.*foo_it • • '.~ •• ~mM*m •••!iE.' ••• I--.~.£al--~t:lf.Jt1t,a.'llt,.r..A..~. '~$I:.'. ~1t. J. mr$1i. ~M*UJffJl¥Jjtt*~X. Lm**/J\/J\-~+:t\. -=-TtmB1i!fk~. lIT r.., 1t! •. FJipi '~$~~~p~$n fjIl=1'-I¥J*~91, A;Jt~PJT~*~~ M ' ~ijl¥J IFJj pi '1mH~~tB .m~=1'Jj\I¥J~~' /§lPPJT~ r ~M. ! i! ; ;ij'. Mm J. ~~t:it. ~~~~.~'*$ffiA~~~~.~'m~. !At Jip.r... l$LI¥JJlt1JW&~. !ill. IT '. f*,"14'- r. '. ,iti;t~ ~...\'. 'J. ~\i. '. ~. ~. 0. ~~~fi. Lm~*&. ,. frjffXI¥J~irJ'. !lld'BQPJ~ll. pi:li1&. PJT PJ~/§lP~fi1&l£jF!O~ ,. *~. ~am~'~ffijm. 0. r ~Jl7JMm J ]" ~ya? 19521f;: 4. ~~'L.rli&JBfi~~.'.-~~ML.fitt.ffl'~l£ .fflLM~. ~~. •• l¥Jfi1&-ffi.§(m:t\ffi)$.~: J:.i4-~~* • • •. '!.\t.z.,. c. '~I¥J. + •• ~(~~~fi~)'~*h~. 89. :~~. ..*. :m.~m. 90. M:-nt . o,-nt3tjl) , ]{ 191. 91. M:-nt::t£J:~=f5tf*I¥.J~1i1)}fIH5·tp, Jf-~. 193. 0. -=f119l r *]5 J' /\~~-=f119lr tp ~]5 J' P)Jit:t\~/\ -=fll!f"EHI!lI r '1\]5 J (i5-~t+:t\~~ -=flms]5 ) 1¥.JH!J!!ffl~ , 1tit~*¥)o¥JIN;Il]. 0. ~ O,-~3t~). ,. 190-191. 0.
(46) ~,~~~~~~o~~w~*~*~~~£a~~£~R. •• •••• ••. .~~~+~~~'-~~-. ffl~«a~A._aa~. .~I~.~~~~~o~**~~~~.*~.~, ~~-Tk.~~*~o. "*. ~ JfJ]. «31. it it ~ ~t ~ ~:if~. 0. 5~9B'~ •••m-ffi. ~,m~*m~~m ~~m,~. ~~JC. (. mm. 0. ~~JC~-~z. ~~). ~~~.~Eiffj-~.. % ' ffiJ J:l Ji l' )EHI§ irl ~~~Ifm. 0. J~. ·mM~.~m. ~J. fi.~~~M~.~. 93~{jj. ,. ~~JC' -@1 r. . 1i A 1£ flg. 60%£.it. m~~r=~z_~~. ~~mM~.'*~'. ~. 1951 41:fi fiBfl RJ 3i!JJJitafiMi7 80. 0. f§jPE"JmMMf}UJ~~~Hl~U~9r? ~~. 19524 6 ~. I1Bl£.~~Ifm •• I~ • • ~,.tim.~~.0U~%~7. f5} ¥fi 'ff ' fttJJ! ~U : rit~~£.~.Ml'~lit • • ~.,.~~.'.oJ ~~'~~- • • • ~~.~'~A.-*~31~~l~~ ~ ~«. .... r. 0. 94. ~~JrrrE. 93. J~~.'~~~. 94. o~. 5~20B~ • • • ili(~. CtJg)} , 1r 174·. (m-iJlJ» , J{ 439. ~~. (~~3t~ (m=~»,. m~g~~MrB. •• ~.®m~)'Bm. MQ. .-tEl ' (:S-=fi[*t1C~~lir!J1tj:~@]. (J!IJPJ*=§lt*3t~. ••. Jrr~~~'. ~.~rERJ~ •• ~M*~~. 92. ~m z~,.. it1'~1~. 4*J<. -M~~~~~~.*.~~+.~~~Q4IA.:. {;t. ~.1:E~. 92. ~rE. *~.. ~umt. *.~,~~a«. ~~~~#~1}Jll20%£.it; ~4t. 1f 20%£.it; lc... ~. ••. J!. 171.. 0. :tj~. ~$' fig!.
(47) r. 7J J...t R ~. tfii Jtk. YA. ~. , A-it. !p Jjl,. ~*¥umt.. *~I¥J §. .•. ~*1£j1[.f~~ cpff¥U. $X 1't. I¥J '. i'ij ~~gt!&. '. @. ~~~*~~~fU. 0. :. 6~~.a~~~.~.*~.(~.,*_,.. m'~.·~#·. ;0% li. i;. ,tf~lIJjilWr:p~?liM~m 285. ••. ·6~)~.~*~~~.~'~.. *~~~~.ffr..£&J~~+}.*t~.~.~,~~ ~~.*~.*M# 6~Ml¥Jf~. •• ~A~+ •• ~~~+. )t.~o. ~~'~M8.t~..£~kaa~M.~~M.~M~~'. ••. '~~~J. ~}*. riUE:. 1m. ~Ikl.~A~~~*~M.*'~.~~Y.'*W*. $fJ.,.~. *.A~T~* ~#.~~'~4.*~.~~'~~* • if ~ ifUt 't~Al :fa if Jl 95. fH¥T 80. ;2. 6. ~. f~HFT~. 0. ~~. ITteTA~~ft~~I¥J~.~.'W~$gt~TIm~. ;L~ , ~lli:-*. 0. it~~~~i:tB'§m. -1f.* }A..~:. f}~ OJ. ~~-~~*~~~-'.~~.~.'~A. J. 0. ru~. f3 4 B =e~*~1JIlJ&W,~~'M : rH' -&.B W1i&.B :oote3!n¥J~' i'ij tJIT. 1952. 8. ~. ,. (~~). 96. ~~x~~I¥J~.~~'-~~. I¥J~~'~~. ~I¥J. .$,~ • • ~~mT!&j1[.~.~.'~WTJ&fil¥J&!&o@~:. JltT..£)t. .W**~~~. ••. '.~~$X~*~~~.k-~O. ~~~.~,~«.~o,-~~~,.~t.~,~.~. ~tJ. rm. ~'t~~To'~~~«.~~o«~.~~,#~~~. ~te(tB1. ~~o~a.~~~'*. ~TMR. it ~ ~I§.. *~ t. •• ~#~To~« •• 't~t. .j,. ' ·1,. il ~ it ~ t .. at ~. '. _«-~~~o~.*. ~ lj=-. •• ~~~I.~·«JIt~~~~+. 1.~oR~~~~~~.-T·~*~~~*·. 9'. Ol~j;..BfOI!:~:t*~13 (~=ffiD) ·. 96. (=§~~~. (~1i~». . J!. *. ·. 67. 0. J!. 187. 0. ••• ~.
(48) ~~.~~~~'~~5R20B~~. ft~. ~~.~.~. ~~-. .m.~~. mA~~. n.'.~~~~o.. &~m.. ~~'.$~-&7.~mo~~~~.~'-~oom7.~ ~~*~,~~oo~~. .~m~M~m~'~.. •• ·. ~m~. ~. m~~~~+~A~.'~-.E&~*'. *m~oo*.m·~+.m*$.m,w~~m~.,~ ~ngr.rui!J\~~¥Uft~~ (~~. *~Jft-15t. ' ~. ~~~~&. ~ru~.~~o.~~.. '. ,. ~~~~~. ~~*,. ••. •••. 0. J 98.~~~~{$t$. .q. A~1J!1~ r. f&ro~. &~. 1i~~*&~ ~~~*. $ra~ ~~*&. ••. J. aft!!!. ~,~*. ~~:r~~*~.~.Ma~,~. ~IA~~9(~. ~. 0. ~~f&5¥:¥IJt~;fft~IDI[, ~~~~~~. ~~~o~~~~±. fftl~tE. ~~~) ~. E&jJ!llJj§ .{-t~. ili~*.~~E,~mrr7~~~mo. •• ~w,~.. {tM:fi. ~f1=. ~. :. •• ~ AM~£.A-~.~~.'~k«'~*~AM~~4 • • +~A~.'.~R •• ~~~AoR~.~~~~M .~.1-T'W~~~-.A-~.~~.'. ~4S~~'.'4SM~t~~Mox~~*4~~M. ~M~' • • Mn'~. •• Mn'~*~~~ •• ~.*'. x.~~#*.~?~~~.~*I.~·.~.~.~. ~ ~ ~ ~ iJ1 @.. T. z'Uff rzgJft~ • • ~:. *. 0. 99. ~p~$~Mm~~~'~~.~&~~~,. ',. 100. ~-1Bl.. 101. ~±!\lit.. 1f fpf ;;(:J~. ffiliEfj ( ( J!~iI' ( J! 685:. 97. ot~3t~(m-. 98. O!ilPJ.*~~*3t~. »'Ji]72.. (m.::: fffi» ,. 440. 99 Ii*~' (1i*~3t~ (m=~), Ji ]76-]77·. 0. 102. f*~~.1:.i. 103. ffli~,*. '~.
(49) r liN. J ,m~lJJffit~t:p~f.\'J.i!3Ct~ 287. ~**~~~~':f:~k~*~:k~*~'~*~~ M4oA~~. £~J\~lS. ••• AM.~1-T'~{f.~~.(f..ft.J£.. J:;fp i~ 1I'H4 III $t 1. 0. 100. ~r~lf~~ fi)E*~~. 1tM~=e ~*. ,. 'Fmi~ft~. li&~~~~'~#~M~~~~~~~~' ~~. gM~. ,~#~*. A~:tmEfJ r. IiECf* '. it. f.IPJT~1Y'1 r ~1Y'1£~ J n~ ? 19521f 6. ~~H~&I~'. ~*1C~. *&rQ~M&~1:. ~rl3~~~ J. 1~1l*~. ~1'F7. m. 0. ~;xttmit. • i!!i~. ~~it~: r IA~*&fO. ~~,~~. i!!i~~B~~~. 102. .ffM~~. fi)E'~*. frI '. 0. 1f'~~~M~~~. ~ljU5IDiii'. ~i!!i~~EfJ~~'B~$;~~~1:. .$PJ~*. ~B$7~~~*. 1'Ftt~ J 1011±~tJi(B~. ~I 1'F~$;. 'M. •• ~~~~. r~OO~~J ?~~. ~tt~,~. ~~~EfJm~*'~~lf~~EfJ~~:. {f.~*~'~~.~~~l'~~.~.*l'.m~. ;t: ,. ~~h~~kl'~*~~~~~~A~.~WAM.~~. 1i~ rli ;fl.. •• A~~.~*. A.. ft.J at ~ , it ~ ~ WAM ... J:" ,j, WA pt .~Jt jt ~ ""', h -I" ' ~ }tIM;. ft.J {g. jt , J,t{f.:f: ~ ~tt it 1 103 -.~~lo~k~~~~~ft.J~~o. ~-Tft.J~~ {f.:Jt~MJ. 0. .t. WJ 100 MJ ~Jjt:i!!!*-'. 0. .Mm1±.~M~~?mA*~. J,t .(f. II :f: ~. M~EfJ:. .-i&: ' Ct5:rmJct1cm!Jif${tfl¥J[B]E ( ~», J\t 176 101 ~~.iilEA:g~JlG~mffiJ ' *I -fm=1'I5JIDi$ , <1l*~3tm. 100 . r~ lfffill. '. 0. (m=~» I¥J~. ~~~m r ~1J*1tlltI{'FIl1U~.ii J (Je.~tJJ\t 167); t:p~t:p*3tIHjJfJlG¥:. m~l¥J<. 1J~* • • 3tC~~(m~W)}~~mr. (Je.~.J\t 264) ; t*j1~.:t~1¥J (t:p.A.I%~:fOIl.~. (J\t 685) -~iiJ. j!u~~m r. IlMtlltI{'Ftr_ J *3tf,f;ffl 0. r. lJ*1tllt$_triiJ . m-~ (Lfffi)) IJMtlltI{'Ftrii J. 0. , <t:p.A.I%~:fOIJ.~ . m-~ (Lfffi)} , ' <mJ,~3fO~. (r~» . J\t 96 •. 102 . t*ii~.:t~. 103 . mJ,~,*. 685. 0.
相關文件
We must assume, further, that between a nucleon and an anti-nucleon strong attractive forces exist, capable of binding the two particles together.. *Now at the Institute for
In particular, the parabolic second-order directional differentiability of projec- tion operator was used to establish the expression of second-order tangent sets, which plays
exegetes, retrospectively known as the Shan-chia and the Shan-wai. In this essay I argue that one especially useful way of coming to understand what was truly at stake in
The Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies (CLST), The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) launched the!. EduVenture ® learning system, which has been well received by
Dudley Surveyors Limited (“Dudley”) was commissioned, as an independent party, by the Education Bureau (“EDB”) to conduct this Survey on the expenditure on
(3) Juelang Daosheng’s view of Zhuangzi as an esoteric Confucian and Confucius as the great systematizer of the three traditions stands in sharp contrast to the views of
an insider, trades or procures other persons to trade in the securities or derivatives of the company so as to make profits or avoid losses before the public are aware of
DVDs, Podcasts, language teaching software, video games, and even foreign- language music and music videos can provide positive and fun associations with the language for
