ẍ満䣢⎰シ䁢䶈䳸ˬ怠㱽⣹䲬˭ᷳ㕡㱽炻ᷫ㗗啱䓙⣹䲬暁 㕡䔞ḳṢᷳ䈡⭂埴䁢攻㍍㍐䞍怠㑯㸾㒂㱽ᷳ㓰㝄シ⿅炻㓭怠㑯 㸾㒂㱽ᷳ⎰シ᷎䃉㖶栗䁢ṾṢ傥⮇䞍ᷳ⢾奨ˤょ炻ẍ㬌㕡㱽 䶈䳸ˬ怠㱽⣹䲬˭㗗⏎䫎⎰ˬ䔞ḳṢシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭ᾅ嬟⣹䲬 暁㕡䔞ḳṢ㬋䔞㛇⼭ᷳ⇑䙲ẍ⍲㱽昊怑䓐㱽⼳ὧ⇑⿏ᷳ㓧䫾䚖 䘬 18炻ᶵ䃉䔹佑ˤ味怠㑯㸾㒂㱽ᷳ⎰シ晾䓙䔞ḳṢᷳ䈡⭂埴䁢 攻㍍㍐䞍炻Ữ㕤⮎晃忳䓐ᶲ炻媪攻㍍㍐䞍䔞ḳṢ怠㑯㸾㒂㱽
18 斄㕤ˬ䔞ḳṢシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭ᾅ嬟⣹䲬暁㕡䔞ḳṢ㬋䔞㛇⼭ᷳ⇑䙲ẍ⍲㱽 昊怑䓐㱽⼳ὧ⇑⿏ᷳ㓧䫾䚖䘬炻婳⍫教⏛⸛炻⎴⇵姣 7炻枩 142-143ˤ
ᷳ⎰シ炻ⷠ䁢㱽昊⮵䔞ḳṢ怠㑯㸾㒂㱽シ⿅ᷳ`姕炻㬌ᶵỮᶵ 䫎⎰ᾅ嬟⣹䲬暁㕡䔞ḳṢ㬋䔞㛇⼭ᷳ⇑䙲ẍ⍲㱽昊怑䓐㱽⼳ὧ
⇑⿏ᷳ㓧䫾䚖䘬炻㚜䃉┣ẍˬ⮲慵䔞ḳṢ冒䓙シ栀˭ᷳ伶渿⢾
堋炻⊭墅ˬ嘃姕䔞ḳṢ`姕シ栀˭ᷳシ⚾炻忽側ˬ䥩㱽冒㱣⍇
⇯˭冯ˬ䔞ḳṢシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭ᷳ㛔Ἦシ佑ˤ⯌㚱忚侭炻ᷣ⻝
⎗ẍ満䣢⎰シ䶈䳸ˬ怠㱽⣹䲬˭ᷳ婾溆炻晾ẍ䵕嬟ˬ䔞ḳṢシ
⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭ẍ旚㬊⣹䲬㸾㒂㱽⭊奨ᷣ佑⽑₣䁢ᷣ天䚖䘬⢾炻 Ữ側⼴⮎㚜㚱ẍ⻰⿏䡢⭂⺷怠㱽ẍ性ὅˬ䠔⿏ᶨ凔㱽⇯˭侴
⣙ᷳ℟橼⥍䔞ᷳ慵⣏䎮䓙炻味ᶨ㖎㒜⣏ˬ䔞ḳṢシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭
ᷳ怑䓐䭬⚵炷1953 ⸜冲㱽䫔 6 㡅䫔 1 枭炸炻⌛䚠⮵䷖㷃ˬ䠔⿏
ᶨ凔㱽⇯˭炷1953 ⸜冲㱽䫔 6 㡅䫔 2ˣ3 枭炸ᷳ怑䓐䭬⚵炻㬌 㗪㱽昊⌛⎗㕤攻㍍㍐䞍䔞ḳṢ怠㑯㸾㒂㱽ᷳシ⿅ẍ䡢⭂満䣢⎰
シᷳ忶䦳ᷕ炻⻰⿏⛘ˣᶵ⍿㊀㜇⛘⯙冯䲣䇕⣹䲬攻ᷳ⎬䈥忋斄 Ὢ⇌㕟䔞ḳṢ怠㑯㸾㒂㱽ᷳシ⿅ẍ䡢⭂満䣢⎰シ炻ẍ䡢⭂䔞ḳ Ṣ怠㑯㸾㒂㱽ᷳ満䣢⎰シ‟㷉⻰⿏䡢⭂⺷ᷳ怠㱽ˤỮ⣹䲬⭊奨 㸾㒂㱽ᷳ䡢⭂劍㓡㍉ˬ㚨慵天䈥忋斄Ὢ䎮婾˭ᷳ⻰⿏䡢⭂⺷⼴炻 䁢Ḯẍ⻰⿏䡢⭂⺷怠㱽ẍ性ὅˬ䠔⿏ᶨ凔㱽⇯˭侴⣙ᷳ℟橼
⥍䔞㓭⮯満䣢⎰シ↿䁢䶈䳸ˬ怠㱽⣹䲬˭ᷳ㕡㱽⮯䘬䎮䓙ᶵ
⽑⬀⛐炻㚜ỽ㱩岲ㆸẍ満䣢⎰シ䶈䳸ˬ怠㱽⣹䲬˭侭炻ᷣ⻝ẍ
⣹䲬ᷳ㟤⺷ˣ㡅㫦ˣ㔯⫿冯䓐婆ˣ㚱䃉ἧ䓐㧁㸾㟤⺷⣹䲬ˣ⃰
⇵䁢ㆾ℞Ṿ䚠斄ᷳṌ㖻ˣ㚱䃉䲬⭂䭉廬㱽昊㡅㫦ˣ㚱䃉䲬⭂
ẚ塩㡅㫦ˣ⣹䲬㡅㫦㚱䃉㝸ᶨ㱽➇㱽⼳ᷳ䓐婆ˣ⣹䲬暁㕡䔞ḳ Ṣᷳℙ⎴⯭ㆾ⚳䯵ˣ⣹䲬ᷳⰍ埴㗗⏎枰ὅ㝸ᶨ㱽➇㱽⼳䁢㝸 ṃ旬ⷞ䦳⸷ˣ⣹䲬㚱㓰⍇⇯ˣ䈡⭂ᷳⰍ埴⛘䫱ἄ䁢⇌㕟䔞ḳṢ 㚱⏎満䣢⎰シᷳ㧁㸾炻Ữ㬌䫱⇌㕟㧁㸾⮎冯ˬ㚨慵天䈥忋斄Ὢ 䎮婾˭ᷕ㚨慵天䈥忋斄Ὢᷳ⇌㕟㧁㸾䃉䔘炻㓭侴⣹䲬⭊奨㸾㒂 㱽㕤ˬ㚨慵天䈥忋斄Ὢ䎮婾˭ᷳ㓗惵ᶳ炻⮎䃉⽭天ℵ⮯満䣢⎰
シ䶈䳸ˬ怠㱽⣹䲬˭ᷳ㕡㱽炻侴ㅱ娵䁢䔞ḳṢ㛒ẍ㖶䣢⎰シ怠 㑯⣹䲬ᷣ奨㸾㒂㱽㗪炻䚜㍍ὅˬ㚨慵天䈥忋斄Ὢ䎮婾˭ᷳ⻰⿏
䡢⭂⺷㑯⭂⣹䲬⭊奨㸾㒂㱽⌛⎗炻侴㬌䚳㱽㕤㭼庫㱽ᶲ䁢劍
⸚⬠婒 19⍲劍⸚⇌㰢偗娵 20ˤ
19 劙⚳⬠侭 Peter M. North炷媦㕗炸㕤℞叿ˬ㘖忂㱽橼䲣ᷕᷳ⚳晃䥩㱽⓷ 柴˭ᶨ㚠ᷕ娵䁢炻䎦埴ˬ怑↯㱽℔⺷˭ᷳᶱ悐㚚ᷫ⃰㞍㖶䔞ḳṢ㗗⏎㚱怠 㑯㸾㒂㱽ᷳ㖶䣢⎰シ炻劍䃉㬌䧖㖶䣢⎰シ炻ᷳ⼴㟡㒂⣹䲬㛔幓ㆾ␐⚵ね㱩 Ἦ㞍㖶䔞ḳṢ㗗⏎怠㑯㸾㒂㱽ᷳ満䣢⎰シ炻劍Ṏ䃉満䣢⎰シ炻ℵὅˬ䈥忋 斄Ὢ㧁㸾˭ỽ㱽⼳橼䲣⇌㕟冯Ṍ㖻㚱㚨⭮↯ˣ㚨䛇⮎䈥忋斄Ὢ炻Ữ㱽昊㕤 䫔Ḵ㬍樇㈦↢䔞ḳṢᷳ満䣢⎰シ⎒ᶵ忶㗗㍐婾炷inferred intention炸炻㱽 昊⮎晃ᶲ᷎䃉㱽⼿䞍㗗⏎䛇⬀⛐㚱䔞ḳṢ⎰シ炻㱽昊㍐婾↢ᷳ䔞ḳṢ⎰
シ⮎晃ᶲ㗗ὅ䫔ᶱ㬍樇ᷳˬ䈥忋斄Ὢ㧁㸾˭⼿↢炻㓭⮎ㅱ⍾㴰ˬ怑↯㱽
℔⺷˭ᷳ䫔Ḵ㬍樇炻῀䔞ḳṢ䃉怠㑯㸾㒂㱽ᷳ㖶䣢⎰シ侭炻⌛ẍ冯Ṍ㖻㚱 㚨⭮↯ḇ㚨䛇⮎䈥忋斄Ὢᷳ㱽⼳䁢⣹䲬怑↯㱽ˤPeter M. North, PRIVATE INTERNATINAL LAW PROBLEMS IN COMMON LAW JURISDICTION, 105 (1st ed.1993).
20 䚠斄劙⚳冯㽛㳚⇌ἳ炻see, e.g., Amin Rasheed Corp. v. Kuwait Insurance
2010⸜㕘㱽䫔 20 㡅䫔 1 枭烉ˬ㱽⼳埴䁢䘤䓇⁝ᷳ斄Ὢ侭炻
℞ㆸ䩳⍲㓰≃炻ὅ䔞ḳṢシ⿅⭂℞ㅱ怑䓐ᷳ㱽⼳ˤ˭炷ἄ侭㊱烉 㡅㔯⸽ᶳ∫䶂嗽䁢ᾖ㬋嗽炻ᷫἄ侭冒≈ˤẍᶳ⎴炸21昌两临䵕㊩
ˬ䔞ḳṢシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭⢾炻㚜㕤⎴㡅䫔 2 枭㖶䡢夷⭂⎴㡅䫔 1 枭ᷳ䔞ḳṢシ⿅䁢䔞ḳṢ㖶䣢ᷳシ⿅炻Ṏ⌛⮯䶈䳸ˬ怠㱽⣹
䲬˭ᷳ㕡㱽㖶⭂旸㕤㖶䣢⎰シ侴㌺昌満䣢⎰シˤ㬌ᶨ嬲朑炻⮯
ˬ䔞ḳṢシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭ᷳ怑䓐旸⭂䁢䔞ḳṢᷳ㖶䣢⎰シ炻⮯
䶈䳸ˬ怠㱽⣹䲬˭ᷳ㕡㱽㖶⭂Ὗ旸䁢㖶䣢⎰シ炻ˬ怠㱽⣹䲬˭
ᷳ䶈䳸㕡㱽栆㍐怑䓐ˬ㮹㱽˭夷⭂ˬ⮎橼⣹䲬˭ᷳ䶈䳸㕡㱽 㗪枰⬴ℐ栆㍐怑䓐㈹ㆾᾖ㬋栆㍐怑䓐ᷳ䔹佑ᶵ⽑⬀⛐炻䳪䳸 Ḯ 1953 ⸜冲㱽斄㕤⣹䲬䔞ḳṢ㸾㒂㱽怠㑯⎰シ㕡㱽ᷳ䇕嬘炻⮎
䁢 忚 㬍 炻 味 満 䣢 ⎰ シ ⷠ 䁢 㱽 昊 ⮵ 䔞 ḳ Ṣ 怠 㑯 㸾 㒂 㱽 シ ⿅ ᷳ ` 姕炻⤪㬌ᷫ忽側ˬ䥩㱽冒㱣⍇⇯˭冯ˬ䔞ḳṢシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭
ᷳ㛔Ἦシ佑炻㓭㕘㱽䫔 20 㡅䫔 2 枭旸㕤㖶䣢⎰シᷳ夷⭂⮎⎗怬 ˬ䥩㱽冒㱣⍇⇯˭冯ˬ䔞ḳṢシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯˭ᷳ㛔Ἦ朊尴炻㚜 ỽ㱩⮵㕤⣹䲬⭊奨㸾㒂㱽ᷳ䡢⭂㕘㱽䫔 20 㡅䫔 2 枭㓡㍉ˬ㚨
Co., [1983] 3 W.L.R. 241; Akai Pty Ltd v. People’s Insurance Co. Ltd, (1996) 141 ALR 374.
21 䩳㱽䎮䓙媪烉ˬḴˣ䎦埴㡅㔯䫔 6 㡅䫔 1 枭炻䦣↿㛔㡅䫔 1 枭炻䵕㊩䔞ḳ Ṣシ⿅冒ᷣ⍇⇯炻᷎䁢惵⎰㛔㱽䓐婆ᷳ䴙ᶨ炻⮯ˮㆸ䩳天ẞ˯ᶨ娆ᾖ㬋䁢 ˮㆸ䩳˯ˤ˭㛔枭夷⭂Ὢᾖ㬋 1953 ⸜冲㱽䫔 6 㡅䫔 1 枭ᷳ夷⭂炻怑䓐㕤䔞 ḳṢ㚱䲬⭂⣹䲬㸾㒂㱽㗪㴱⢾⣹䲬ᷳ㱽⼳怑䓐ˤ
慵天䈥忋斄Ὢ䎮婾˭ᷳ⻰⿏䡢⭂⺷炻㕘㱽⎴㡅枭旸㕤㖶䣢⎰シ
ᷳ夷⭂㚜⎗䡢ᾅˬ㚨慵天䈥忋斄Ὢ䎮婾˭ᷳ⻰⿏䡢⭂⺷傥㬋ⷠ
䘤㎖㓰䓐炻侴ᶵ塓㱽昊啱䓙⇌㕟䔞ḳṢᷳ満䣢⎰シ㝞䨢ˤ㓭 㕘㱽䫔 20 㡅䫔 2 枭⮯㸾㒂㱽怠㑯ᷳ⎰シ㖶⭂䁢㖶䣢⎰シ炻军䁢
⃩䔞ˤ
‛ҷ㔰姛㢏捜嬐䐌憲杫⅑䖕履⁴⅒㎟㹤ㄚ懸䚷⌆汣⬴䜅ㆶ
ẍ䠔⿏䡢⭂⺷ἄ䁢䡢⭂⣹䲬⭊奨㸾㒂㱽ᷳ㕡㱽炻⮯⣹䲬ᷳ
ˬ㛔㒂˭⚢⭂ỷ侴ˬ枸姕ᷳ╖ᶨ㉥尉忋专⚈䳈˭炻⾥䔍Ḯ㱽⼳
斄Ὢˬ㛔㒂˭ᷳ㴖≽⿏炻军ἧὅ䠔⿏䡢⭂⺷䡢⭂ᷳ⣹䲬⭊奨 㸾㒂㱽炻ᶵ䘤䓇冯䲣䇕㴱⢾⣹䲬᷎朆℟㚱㚨⭮↯ˣ㚨慵天ᷳ
斄Ὢ炻⤪㬌⣙ᷳ℟橼⥍䔞ᷳ䳸㝄炻⮎䈜妠Ḯˬ堅䨩㬋佑˭炷conflicts justice炸ㆾˬ⚳晃䥩㱽㬋佑˭炷劙㔯烉justice of private international law烊⽟㔯烉Internationalprivatrechtliche Gerechtigkeit炸ẍ怑↯
㕡 ⺷ ∫ ⭂ ᶨ 䩳 㱽 䭉 廬 㪲 ⛘ 䎮 ᶲ ㆾ 䨢 攻 ᶲ 䭬 ⚵ 炷 propriety is defined not in terms of the content of that law or the quality of the solution it produces, but rather in geography or spatial terms炸22ˣ
22 Symeon C. Symeonides, Private International Law at the End of the 20th Century: Progress or Regress? General Report, in PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW AT THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY:
PROGRESS OR REGRESS?, 44( Symeon C. Symeonides ed., 2000); see also
⮳㯪䨢攻ᶲᷳ㚨Ἓ妋㰢炷spatially best solution炸23ᷳ天㯪ˤ1953
Symeon C. Symeonides, CODIFYING CHOICE OF LAW AROUND THE WORLD: AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, 246- 7( 1st ed.2014). ⎎⎗⍫教㪣䓘▱䪈炷2001炸炻˪⚥晃䥩㱽˫炻⚃ 䇰炻枩 29炻㜙 Ṕ烉 㚱㔸敋ˤ
23 Gerhard Kegel, Paternal Home and Dream Home: Traditional Conflict of Laws and the American Reformers, 27 AM. J. COMP. L., 615-7(1979).
24 䩳㱽䎮䓙媪烉ˬᶱˣ䎦埴㡅㔯斄㕤⁝㪲埴䁢怑䓐ᷳ㱽⼳炻㕤䔞ḳṢシ⿅ᶵ
シ⭂ㅱ怑䓐ᷳ㱽⼳䃉㓰㗪ὅ斄Ὢ㚨↯ᷳ㱽⼳炻㓡㍉ˬ㚨慵天 䈥忋斄Ὢ䎮婾˭ᷳ⻰⿏䡢⭂⺷ 25ˤ㬌ᶨ嬲朑炻婈⤪䩳㱽䎮䓙ˬɃɃ 㕤䔞ḳṢシ⿅ᶵ㖶㗪Ὢẍ䠔⿏ᷳᶨ凔夷⇯Ḱẍ㰢⭂炻㚱㗪䘤䓇 ᶵ⎰䎮ねḳˤɃɃ㕤㛔㡅䫔Ḵ枭㓡㍉斄Ὢ㚨↯ᷳ⍇⇯炻䓙㱽昊 ὅ℟橼㟰ねᾳ⇍㰢⭂℞ㅱ怑䓐ᷳ㱽⼳炻᷎⛐㭼庫䚠斄⚳⭞ᷳ⇑
䙲⍲斄Ὢ⼴炻ẍ℞ᷕ斄Ὢ㚨↯ᷳ㱽⼳䁢㸾㒂㱽炻ẍℤ栏䔞ḳṢ
ᷳᷣ奨㛇⼭冯℟橼⭊奨ね㱩ᷳ暨㯪ɃɃ˭妨炻⎗䞍⬴ℐ㗗↢
冒䵕嬟℟橼⥍䔞ˣ䫎⎰ˬ堅䨩㬋佑˭ᷳ䚖䘬炻ὅ㬌炻⣹䲬⭊奨 㸾㒂㱽㓡ẍ⻰⿏䡢⭂⺷䡢⭂炻䓙㱽⭀ὅᾳ㟰⮳㈦↢ỽ侭冯䲣䇕
⣹䲬ẍ⍲䔞ḳṢ℟㚱㚨慵天䈥忋斄Ὢ᷎ẍ娚忋专⚈䳈忋专⛘
➇ᷳ㱽⼳ἄ䁢⣹䲬⭊奨㸾㒂㱽炻 嬲朑 1953 ⸜冲㱽䓙㱽⼳夷⭂
ᷳシ⿅炻ᶼ䔞ḳṢ⯙㸾㒂㱽堐䣢ᷳシ⿅炻ㅱὅ℞ḳ⮎ᶲ 堐 䣢 ᷳ㸾 㒂 㱽炻 㰢⭂℞㗗⏎㚱㓰ㆸ䩳ᷳ⓷柴ˤ˭㬌枭夷⭂Ὢᾖ㬋 1953 ⸜冲㱽䫔 6 㡅䫔 2ˣ 3枭ᷳ夷⭂炻怑䓐㕤䔞ḳṢ㛒䲬⭂⣹䲬㸾㒂㱽㗪㴱⢾⣹䲬ᷳ㱽⼳怑䓐ˤ
25 ˬ㚨慵天䈥忋斄Ὢ䎮婾˭㕤㬟⎚㶝ᶲ炻ㅱὪ㸸冒㕤劙⚳ᷳˬ怑䔞㱽䎮婾˭
炷proper law doctrine炸炻ㆹ⚳⬠侭昛昮ᾖ㔁㌰⌛媪烉ˬ㕤劙伶㱽ᶲᶨ凔㚫⎴
シ伶⚳䇰䘬ˮ㚨慵天斄忋㧁㸾˯㗗劙⚳⣹䲬㱽ᶲˮ怑䔞㱽˯炷ˬproper law doctrine˭炸 䘬 Ὕ 㪲 埴 䁢 䇰 㛔 炻 ㆾ 姙 㚜 㬋 䡢 䘬 婒 㱽 ㅱ 㗗 ⭊ 奨 婒 炷 objective theory炸䘬怑䔞㱽䎮婾ˤṎ⌛㗗 150 ⸜⇵ Westlake ᷣ⻝䘬 䁢㸾㒂㱽䘬
⚳⭞ㅱ冯娚Ṍ㖻埴䁢㚱叿ˮ㚨䛇⮎䘬斄Ὢ˯ˤ役㔠⋩⸜Ἦẍ⽟婆䲣⚳⭞䁢 椾 炻 㫸 映 ⚳ ⭞ 映 临 ⸦ ᷶ ℐ 朊 ⿏ 䘬 ㍉ 䓐 㚨 慵 天 斄 忋 㧁 㸾 ˤ ˭ 炻 ⍫ 教 昛 昮 ᾖ 炷2012炸炻˪ᷕ⚳⿅゛ᶳ䘬ℐ䎫⊾怠㱽夷⇯˫炻⇅䇰炻枩 64炻⎘⊿烉Ḽ⋿⚾
㚠℔⎠ˤ
忋专⚈䳈ᷳ䠔⿏䡢⭂⺷炻⣏ⷭ㍸⋯℟橼⥍䔞冯ˬ堅䨩㬋佑˭炻 㬲ῤ孂㎂ˤ
侴ὅ 2010 ⸜㕘㱽䫔 20 㡅䫔 2 枭ᷳ夷⭂炻㕤⇵姕ἳᷕ炻䓙 㕤忚⎋⛘䁢㱽⚳楔岥᷎ẍ戨埴ᾉ䓐䉨⛐㱽⚳湶Ẁ㫦炻㱽⚳䃉 婾⽆岒ㆾ慷ᷳ奺⹎炻䘮冯䲣䇕⣹䲬ẍ⍲䔞ḳṢ℟㚱㚨慵天䈥忋 斄Ὢ炻䁢䲣䇕⣹䲬ᷳ䴻㾇慵⽫炻㓭ㅱẍ㱽⚳㱽䁢㸾㒂㱽炻㬌ᷫ
䫎⎰℟橼⥍䔞冯ˬ堅䨩㬋佑˭ˤ