• 沒有找到結果。

本研究結果指出,選手自主性、勝任感與關係感的滿足對於選手的主觀活力相當重 要,並且在教練塑造賦權動機氣候的環境下,有助於滿足獲提升選手的自主性、關係感及 主觀活力。因此本研究建議,在教練的養成過程中,應引導教練在訓練時強調進步代表 成功、著重於技巧精熟而非以選手的成績來決定選手的價值,並能適時的給予選手正向回 饋及選手適當的選擇權,能夠有助於提升選手的主觀活力。也應與教練說明,當塑造動機 氣候時,應適當的滿足選手的自主性、勝任感及關係感,有助於防止或是減少選手主觀 活力的降低。

參考文獻

李烱煌. (2013). 修正四向度競技運動成尌目標量表暨其建構效度之驗證. 體育學報, 46(3), 241-256.

東方介德(2015)。賦權動機氣候介入對青少年籃球選手基本心理需求、動機與 幸福感之影響(博士論文)。國立體育大學,桃園市。

陳志忠. (2013). 專科女學生體育課基本心理需求對知覺自主性支持預測主觀活力之中 介效果. 臺灣運動教育學報, 8(2), 33-50.

陳志忠, & 李烱煌. (2013). 大專啦啦隊選手基本心理需求對知覺動機氣候預 測主觀活力之中介效果. 臺灣運動心理學報, 13(2), 37-59.

黃英哲, & 季力康. (1994). 運動動機氣候與自覺能力對賽前狀態焦慮和滿足 感的相關研究. 體育學報, (18), 321-332.

Ames, C., & Archer, J. (1988). Achievement goals in the classroom: Student’s learning strategies and motivation processes. Journal of educational psychology, 80(3), 260-267.

Ames, C. (1992). Achievement goals and the classroom motivational climate. In J. Meece & D.

Schunk (Eds.), Students’ perceptions in the classroom: Causes and consequences (pp. 327–

348). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Ames, C. (1992). Achievement goals, motivational climate, and motivational processes. In G.

C. Roberts (Ed.), Motivation in sports and exercise(pp. 161–176). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Ames (Eds.), Research on motivation in education: Student motivation (Vol. 1, pp. 39-73). New

Adie, J. W., Duda, J. L., & Ntoumanis, N. (2012). Perceived coach-autonomy support, basic need satisfaction and the well-and ill-being of elite youth soccer players: A longitudinal investigation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(1), 51-59.

Appleton, P. R., Ntoumanis, N., Quested, E., Viladrich, C., & Duda, J. L. (2016). Initial validation of the coach-created Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire (EDMCQ-C). Psychology of sport and exercise, 22, 53-65.

Blanchard, C., & Vallerand, R.J. (1996). Perceptions of competence, autonomy, and relatedness as psychological mediators of the social factors-contextual motivational relationship.

al.

Bartholomew, K. J., Ntoumanis, N., Ryan, R. M., & Thogersen-Ntoumani, C. (2011).

Psychological Need Thwarting in the Sport Context: Assessing the Darker Side of Athletic Experience. Journal of sport and exercise psychology, 33, 75-102.

Balaguer, I., González, L., Fabra, P., Castillo, I., Mercé, J., & Duda, J. L. (2012). Coaches' interpersonal style, basic psychological needs and the well-and ill-being of young soccer players: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(15), 1619-1629.

Chi, L., & Lu, S-E. (1995).The relationships between perceived motivational climates and group cohesiveness in basketball Paper presented at the annual meetings of the North American society for the psychology of sport and physical activity, Clearwater, FL.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985).Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The ‘what’ and ‘why’ of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behaviour.Psychological Inquiry, 11, 227–268.

Duda, J. L. (1989). Relationship between task and ego orientation and the perceived purpose of sport among high school athletes. Journal of sport and exercise psychology, 11(3), 318- 335.

Duda, J. L. (2013). The conceptual and empirical foundations of Empowering Coaching™:

Setting the stage for the PAPA project. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11(4), 311-318.

Duda, J. L. (2001). Goal perspectives and their implications for health related outcomes in the physical domain. In F. Cury, P. Sarrazin, & F. P. Famose (Eds.), Advances in motivation theories in the sport domain. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.

Duda, J. L., & Hall, H. K. (2001). Achievement goal theory in sport: Recent extensions and future directions. In R. N. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, & C. M. Janelle (Eds.), Handbook of research in sport psychology2nd ed. (pp. 417–434). New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

Dweck, C. S. (1986). Motivational processes affecting learning.American Psychologist, 41, 1040–1048.

Fox, K. R., Boutcher, S. H., Faulkner, G. E., & Biddle, S. J. (2000). The case for exercise in the promotion of mental health and psychological well-being. Physical activity and psychological well-being, 1-9.

Hatzigeorgiadis, A. (2016). The relationships between athletes’ perceptions of coach-created motivational climate, self-talk, and self-efficacy in youth soccer. Journal of applied sport psychology, 28, 97-112.

Kinnafick, F. E., Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C., Duda, J. L., & Taylor, I. (2014). Sources of autonomy support, subjective vitality and physical activity behaviour associated with participation in a lunchtime walking intervention for physically inactive adults.

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15(2), 190-197.

Landers, D. M., & Arent, S. M. (2001). Physical activity and mental health. Handbook of sport psychology, 2, 740-765.

Muraven, M., Gagné, M., & Rosman, H. (2008). Helpful self-control: Autonomy support, vitality, and depletion. Journal of experimental social psychology, 44(3), 573-585.

Moustaka, F. C., Vlachopoulos, S. P., Kabitsis, C., & Theodorakis, Y. (2012). Effects of an autonomy-supportive exercise instructing style on exercise motivation, psychological well-being, and exercise attendance in middle-age women. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 9(1), 138-150.

Newton, M., Duda, J. L., & Yin, Z. (2000). Examination of the psychometric properties of the perceived motivational climate in sport questionnaire-2 in a sample of female athletes.

Journal of Sport Sciences, 18, 275–290.

Ntoumanis, N., & Biddle, S. J. H. (1999). A review of motivational climate in physical activity.

Journal of sports sciences, 17(8), 643-665.

Ntoumanis, N. (2001). A self-determination approach to the understanding of motivation in physical education. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 71, 225–242.

Nicholls, J. (1984). Conceptions of ability and achievement motivation. In R. Ames & C.

Nicholls, J. G. (1989). The competitive ethos and democratic education. Harvard University Press: Cambridge.

Ommundsen, Y., Lemyre, P. N., Abrahamsen, F., & Roberts, G. C. (2010). Motivational climate, need satisfaction, regulation of motivation and subjective vitality: a study of young soccer players. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 41(3), 216-242.

Ryan, R. M., Bernstein, J. H., & Brown, K. W. (2010). Weekends, work, and well-being:

Psychological need satisfactions and day of the week effects on mood, vitality, and physical symptoms. Journal of social and clinical psychology, 29(1), 95-122.

Ryan, R. M., & Frederick, C. M. (1997). On energy, personality and health: Subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being. Journal of Personality, 65, 529–565.

Reinboth, M., Duda, J. L., & Ntoumanis, N. (2004). Dimensions of coaching behavior, need satisfaction, and the psychological and physical welfare of young athletes. Motivation and Emotion, 28, 297–313.

Smith, R. E., & Smoll, F. L. (1997). Coach-mediated team building in youth sports. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 9, 114–132.

25

Standage, M., Duda, J. L., & Ntoumanis, N. (2003). A model of contextual motivation in physical education: Using constructs from self-determination and achievement goal theories to predict physical activity intentions. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 97–

110.

Smoll, F. L., & Smith, R. E. (1988). Reducing stress in youth sport: theory and application. In F. L. Smoll, R. A. Magill, & M. J. Ash (Eds.), Children in Sport (pp.229-249). Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.

World Health Organisation. (1995). Exercise for health. WHO/FIMS committee on physical activity for health.Bulletin for the World Health Organisation, 73, 135–136.

第一部分:個人基本資料

請填寫相關個人基本資料

1. 請問您參與的組別 □甲組 □乙組 2. 請問您的年齡 歲

3. 請問您的球齡 年 4. 跟隨目前教練 年

5. 尌讀學校 _

6. 請問您的性別 □男性 □女性 7. 請問您從事的運動

《請翻頁繼續作答》

親愛的選手您好:

感謝您抽空填寫,本問卷的目的主要想了解您本身參與專項運動時,對於相關議 題的想法,問卷上的所有資料僅供學術研究之用,不會公開或另作他用。因此,請您 放心作答。最後,希望您能依實際的情況或感受,確實將每一題後面的答案圈選起來。

所有選項皆為單選,只需勾選一項

。在此感謝您撥冗提供寶貴之意見!

祝 健康順心

國立臺灣師範大學體育學系碩士班研究生

指導教授 季力康 博士

附錄 研究問卷

第二部分

《請翻頁繼續作答》

第四部分:

相關文件